A parking mechanism, a parking brake method, a device and a storage medium

Abstract

This invention discloses a parking mechanism, parking brake method, device, and storage medium, relating to the technical field of vehicles. The parking mechanism includes a housing, a ratchet, a swing arm, and an electromagnetic component. The housing has an opening. The ratchet is rotatably connected inside the housing and is used for coupling with a brake motor. The swing arm is disposed inside the housing and includes a connecting part, a pawl part, and an operating lever. The connecting part is rotatably connected to the housing and connects the pawl part and the operating lever. The pawl part is used to engage with the ratchet. The operating lever has an operating end that extends out of the housing through the opening. The electromagnetic component is disposed inside the housing and is used to drive the swing arm to rotate relative to the housing, so that the pawl part engages with the ratchet. In the event of failure of the electronic control system or the electromagnetic component, the operator can manually operate the operating end to rotate the swing arm, thereby achieving forced locking or unlocking without disassembling the parking mechanism. This provides pure mechanical emergency redundancy under extreme failure conditions, shortening rescue time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and specifically relates to a parking mechanism, parking braking method, device and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Electromechanical braking (EMB) systems are core components of new energy vehicles and advanced intelligent driving brake-by-wire systems. EMB systems directly drive the braking actuators with an electric motor, offering advantages such as fast response, high control precision, compact structure, and ease of integration with intelligent driving functions. They represent the mainstream technological development direction for automotive braking systems.

[0003] The parking mechanism is a core safety component of the EMB system. Its primary function is to mechanically lock the vehicle when parked, preventing the brake motor from overheating and failing due to prolonged energization, and ensuring braking safety during static parking and hill-start assist. Currently, mainstream EMB parking locking mechanisms in the industry generally employ a ratchet and pawl engagement locking structure, driven by a bistable electromagnet. The ratchet is coaxially fixed to the transmission gear set of the EMB brake motor, and rotates synchronously with the output shaft of the brake motor. When parking is locked, the bistable electromagnet pushes the pawl to swing around a pin shaft, causing the pawl's teeth to engage with the ratchet's teeth, achieving mechanical locking. However, these parking mechanisms lack mechanical emergency unlocking redundancy; in the event of an electronic or electromagnetic failure, the parking mechanism cannot be released, making rescue and repair difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a parking mechanism in which, when the electronic control system or electromagnetic components fail, the operator can manually turn the operating end to drive the swing arm to rotate, thereby achieving forced locking or unlocking without disassembling the parking mechanism. This achieves pure mechanical emergency redundancy under extreme failure conditions and shortens the rescue time.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A parking mechanism provided in a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: The outer casing has openings; A ratchet is rotatably connected inside the housing, and the ratchet is used for coupling connection with the brake motor; A swing arm is disposed within a housing; the swing arm includes a connecting part, a pawl part, and an operating rod; the connecting part is rotatably connected to the housing, and the connecting part connects the pawl part and the operating rod; the pawl part is used to engage with a ratchet, and the operating rod has an operating end that extends out of the housing through the opening; An electromagnetic component is disposed within the housing and is used to drive the swing arm to rotate relative to the housing so that the pawl portion engages with the ratchet.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the parking mechanism further includes a position detector, which is disposed within the housing and is correspondingly disposed with respect to the swing arm; the position detector is used to obtain the position state of the swing arm.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the parking mechanism is a Hall sensor, and the pawl or the operating lever is provided with a magnet.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the parking mechanism includes an electromagnetic component comprising a housing, a push rod, and a first fixed iron core, a second fixed iron core, a moving iron core, a first coil, and a second coil disposed within the housing; the first fixed iron core and the second fixed iron core are fixed inside the housing, and the moving iron core is slidably disposed within the housing and located between the first fixed iron core and the second fixed iron core; the moving iron core and the push rod are fixedly connected, and a portion of the push rod extends outside the housing; the first coil is wound around the outside of the first fixed iron core, and the second coil is wound around the outside of the second fixed iron core, with the magnetic field lines of the first coil and the second coil having opposite directions.

[0009] A parking brake method according to a second aspect of the present invention, applied to the parking mechanism described in the first aspect embodiment, includes: In electronic control mode, the electromagnetic component drives the swing arm to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl engages with the ratchet. In manual mode, by pushing the operating end, the swing arm is rotated relative to the housing, so that the pawl engages with the ratchet.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the parking brake method of the present invention, in the electronic control mode, after the electromagnetic component drives the swing arm to rotate relative to the housing so that the pawl engages with the ratchet, the method further includes: Obtain the position state of the swing arm; If the swing arm is not in the set position, the electromagnetic component is controlled to drive the swing arm to rotate by a first angle in the second direction, and to drive the ratchet to rotate by a second angle; the second direction is opposite to the first direction; the second angle is less than or equal to 3°; The electromagnetic component is controlled to drive the swing arm to rotate in a first direction so that the pawl engages with the ratchet.

[0011] A parking brake device according to a third aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: The control module is used to control the electromagnetic component to drive the swing arm to rotate in a first direction in an electronically controlled mode, so that the pawl part engages with the ratchet.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the parking brake device of the present invention, the acquisition module is further configured to acquire the position state of the swing arm; The control module is also used to control the electromagnetic component to drive the swing arm to rotate a first angle in a second direction when the swing arm is not in a set position, and to drive the ratchet to rotate a second angle; the second direction is opposite to the first direction; the second angle is less than or equal to 3°; The control module is also used to control the electromagnetic component to drive the swing arm to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl part engages with the ratchet.

[0013] A vehicle according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes the parking mechanism described in the first aspect of the present invention or the parking brake device described in the third aspect of the present invention.

[0014] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium according to a fifth aspect of the present invention stores a computer program thereon, characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements a parking braking method as described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: When the parking brake is locked, an electromagnetic component can be used to rotate the swing arm relative to the housing, causing the pawl to engage with the ratchet, thus limiting the ratchet's rotation and locking the parking motor. Conversely, the electromagnetic component can be used to rotate the swing arm in the opposite direction relative to the housing, causing the pawl to disengage from the ratchet and unlocking the parking motor. In the event of a failure in the electronic control system or the electromagnetic component, the operator can manually operate the control terminal to rotate the swing arm, achieving forced locking or unlocking without disassembling the parking mechanism. This provides pure mechanical emergency redundancy in extreme failure situations, shortening rescue time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the parking mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of the parking brake method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the parking brake device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram: 101. Acquisition module; 102. Control module; 100. Outer casing; 110. Opening; 200. Ratchet; 300, swing arm; 310, connecting part; 320, pawl part; 330, operating lever; 331, sliding groove; 400. Electromagnetic components; 410. Sliding shaft; 500, Position Detector. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, the use of terms such as "a number" means one or more, with "more than" meaning two or more. Terms like "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while terms like "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first," "second," and "third" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, the number of indicated technical features, or the sequential relationship between indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The following are several embodiments of a parking mechanism, parking braking method, device and storage medium of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the parking mechanism of the first aspect of the present invention includes a housing 100, a ratchet 200, a swing arm 300, and an electromagnetic component 400. The housing 100 is provided with an opening 110. The ratchet 200 is rotatably connected to the housing 100 and is used for coupling connection with a brake motor. The swing arm 300 is disposed within the housing 100. The swing arm 300 includes a connecting part 310, a pawl part 320, and an operating lever 330. The connecting part 310 is rotatably connected to the housing 100 and connects the pawl part 320 and the operating lever 330. The pawl part 320 is used to engage with the ratchet 200. The operating lever 330 has an operating end that extends out of the housing 100 through the opening 110. The electromagnetic component 400 is disposed within the housing 100 and is used to drive the swing arm 300 to rotate relative to the housing 100, so that the pawl part 320 engages with the ratchet 200.

[0024] When the parking lock is engaged, the electromagnetic component 400 can drive the swing arm 300 to rotate relative to the housing 100, causing the pawl 320 to engage with the ratchet 200, thereby limiting the rotation of the ratchet 200 and locking the parking motor. Conversely, the electromagnetic component 400 can drive the swing arm 300 to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the housing 100, causing the pawl 320 to disengage from the ratchet 200 and unlocking the parking motor. In the event of a failure in the electronic control system or the electromagnetic component 400, the operator can manually operate the control terminal to rotate the swing arm 300 forcibly locking or unlocking without disassembling the parking mechanism, providing pure mechanical emergency redundancy in extreme failure situations and shortening rescue time.

[0025] The parking mechanism of this invention is applicable to vehicles with electromechanical braking systems. In this embodiment, the electromechanical braking system includes a parking brake mechanism, which comprises a parking motor for applying parking force. The parking motor drives brake pads through a transmission structure to brake the wheels. A ratchet 200 is connected to the parking motor and can be connected to the output shaft of the parking motor, or the ratchet 200 can be mounted on a transmission structure, typically a gear set or a pulley set. The operating end can be hexagonal, or it can be provided with a groove or a pull ring.

[0026] The parking mechanism has two working states: a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the electromagnetic component 400 drives the pawl 320 to engage with the ratchet 200 to lock the parking motor. In the unlocked state, the electromagnetic component 400 drives the pawl 320 to disengage from the ratchet 200. This is a common structure in the current industry for electromechanical braking systems and is not the focus of this invention, so it will not be elaborated upon.

[0027] The pawl part 320 is equipped with a pawl that can engage between two adjacent ratchet teeth of the ratchet 200 to lock the parking mechanism. In the event of a sudden accident that causes the electronic control system or electromagnetic component 400 to fail, the swing arm 300 can be rotated in the opposite direction by manually pushing the operating end, causing the pawl to move out of the recess between the two adjacent ratchet teeth, thereby unlocking the parking motor. With this configuration, the rescue and repair time is reduced from 2 hours to less than 5 minutes, and the cost is reduced by more than 80%.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the parking mechanism further includes a position detector 500, which is disposed within the housing 100 and corresponds to the swing arm 300. The position detector 500 is used to obtain the position status of the swing arm 300. If the swing arm 300 moves to the correct position, the pawl is fully engaged between two adjacent ratchet teeth of the ratchet 200 to complete the locking of the parking mechanism. If the pawl and the ratchet 200 are not fully engaged, the swing arm 300 cannot move to the correct position, and the parking mechanism cannot be successfully locked. By obtaining the position status of the swing arm 300 through the position detector 500, it is possible to determine whether the parking mechanism has been successfully locked, avoiding the situation where the pawl 320 and the ratchet 200 are not fully engaged but the parking is still determined to be completed, thus reducing safety hazards.

[0029] In some embodiments, the detector is a Hall sensor, and the pawl 320 or the operating lever 330 is provided with a magnet. The electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate, and the magnet moves with the pawl 320 or the operating lever 330; when the parking mechanism is in the locked state, the Hall sensor receives a magnetic field signal, indicating that the pawl 320 and the ratchet 200 are fully engaged.

[0030] A Hall sensor is located below the pawl part 320, and the magnet is a magnet located on the pawl part 320. The Hall sensor can be a linear Hall sensor, which can convert the magnetic field change into the real-time swing angle signal of the pawl part 320 in real time, so as to realize the detection of the full stroke position of the pawl part 320.

[0031] In some embodiments, the electromagnetic component 400 includes a housing, a push rod, and a first fixed iron core, a second fixed iron core, a moving iron core, a first coil, and a second coil disposed within the housing; the first and second fixed iron cores are fixed inside the housing, and the moving iron core is slidably disposed within the housing and located between the first and second fixed iron cores; the moving iron core and the push rod are fixedly connected, and a portion of the push rod extends outside the housing; the first coil is wound around the outside of the first fixed iron core, and the second coil is wound around the outside of the second fixed iron core, and the magnetic field lines of the first coil and the second coil are in opposite directions.

[0032] The first coil and the second coil are wound in the same direction, and the first fixed iron core and the second fixed iron core are magnetized in opposite directions, resulting in opposite directions of the magnetic field lines of the first coil and the second coil. The first coil and the first fixed iron core are used to drive the moving iron core toward the swing arm 300, causing the push rod to retract, and then causing the swing arm 300 to rotate in the first direction to achieve engagement between the pawl 320 and the ratchet 200. The second coil and the second fixed iron core are used to drive the moving iron core away from the swing arm 300, causing the push rod to extend, and then causing the swing arm 300 to rotate in the second direction to achieve separation between the pawl 320 and the ratchet 200. The specific structure of the electromagnetic component 400 can be set with reference to the relevant structure in an EMB parking brake device disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN202512012773.2.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the push rod is provided with a sliding shaft 410, and the operating rod 330 of the rotating arm is provided with a sliding groove 331. The sliding groove 331 extends along the length of the operating rod 330. The sliding shaft 410 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 331. The electromagnetic component 400 drives the sliding shaft 410 to slide in the sliding groove 331 through the extension and retraction of the push rod, so that the swing arm 300 rotates.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, a parking brake method provided by the second aspect of the present invention, applied to the parking mechanism of any embodiment of the first aspect described above, includes: Step S100: In the electric control mode, the electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200. The electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate in the first direction, so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200, thereby locking the parking mechanism.

[0035] Step S200: In manual mode, the swing arm 300 is rotated relative to the housing 100 by pushing the operating end, so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200.

[0036] By manually pushing the operating end, the swing arm 300 can be rotated manually so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200. In the event of failure of the electronic control system or electromagnetic system, the parking system can be locked manually. Similarly, in the event of failure of the electronic control system or electromagnetic system, the swing arm 300 can be rotated relative to the housing 100 by manually pushing the operating end to unlock the parking mechanism and shorten the rescue time.

[0037] Existing locking mechanisms generally include a locking pawl and a locking gear, which provide the locking function through the meshing of the locking pawl and the locking gear; however, if the locking pawl does not engage with the gear gap between the locking gears, the locking may fail, which may cause certain safety hazards.

[0038] In some embodiments, in electrically controlled mode, the electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate relative to the housing 100, so that after the pawl portion 320 engages with the ratchet 200, the method further includes: Get the position status of the swing arm 300; By obtaining the position status of the swing arm 300, it is possible to determine whether the parking mechanism has completed locking, thus avoiding the situation where parking is determined to be completed even though the pawl and ratchet 200 have not completed engagement, thereby reducing safety hazards.

[0039] If the swing arm 300 is not in the set position, the control electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate in the second direction by a first angle, and drives the ratchet 200 to rotate by a second angle; the second direction is opposite to the first direction; the second angle is less than or equal to 3°. The control electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200.

[0040] In other words, the control electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate in the second direction, causing the pawl 320 to disengage from the ratchet 200. Simultaneously, the control brake motor drives the ratchet 200 to make a small angle adjustment. Then, the control electromagnetic component 400 drives the swing arm 300 to rotate in the first direction. After each adjustment, the state is reassessed, repeating this process a maximum of three times. If the position is still not correct, an abnormality is triggered. Through multiple adjustments by the ratchet 200 and the swing arm 300, the position between the ratchet 200 and the pawl 320 can be automatically adjusted to ensure proper engagement and reduce safety hazards. The first angle can be 10°, and the second angle can be 2°.

[0041] The vehicle's controller records the locking position data of the pawl 320 every time the vehicle is parked. It calculates the wear on the teeth of the ratchet 200 and pawl 320 based on the engagement stroke offset, triggering a maintenance warning when wear exceeds the limit. This predictive maintenance avoids locking failure due to excessive wear, significantly improving the reliability of the mechanism throughout its entire lifecycle.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, a parking brake device provided in the third aspect of the present invention includes: The control module 102 is used to control the electromagnetic component 400 to drive the swing arm 300 to rotate in a first direction in the electric control mode, so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200.

[0043] In some embodiments, the acquisition module 101 is further configured to acquire the position state of the swing arm 300; The control module 102 is also used to control the electromagnetic component 400 to drive the swing arm 300 to rotate in the second direction by a first angle when the swing arm 300 is not in the set position, and to drive the ratchet 200 to rotate by a second angle; the second direction is opposite to the first direction; the second angle is less than or equal to 3°. The control module 102 is also used to control the electromagnetic component 400 to drive the swing arm 300 to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl 320 engages with the ratchet 200.

[0044] A vehicle provided by a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a parking mechanism according to any embodiment of the first aspect or a parking brake device according to any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0045] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the parking brake method of any embodiment of the second aspect described above; the method includes: in an electronically controlled mode, an electromagnetic component 400 drives a swing arm 300 to rotate in a first direction so that a pawl portion 320 engages with a ratchet wheel 200.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A parking mechanism, characterized by, include: The outer casing has openings; A ratchet is rotatably connected inside the housing, and the ratchet is used for coupling connection with the brake motor; A swing arm is disposed within a housing; the swing arm includes a connecting part, a pawl part, and an operating rod; the connecting part is rotatably connected to the housing, and the connecting part connects the pawl part and the operating rod; the pawl part is used to engage with a ratchet, and the operating rod has an operating end that extends out of the housing through the opening; An electromagnetic component is disposed within the housing and is used to drive the swing arm to rotate relative to the housing so that the pawl portion engages with the ratchet.

2. The parking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parking mechanism further includes a position detector, which is disposed inside the housing and is correspondingly disposed to the swing arm; the position detector is used to obtain the position status of the swing arm.

3. The parking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector is a Hall sensor, and the pawl or the operating lever is provided with a magnet.

4. The parking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electromagnetic assembly includes a housing, a push rod, and a first fixed iron core, a second fixed iron core, a moving iron core, a first coil, and a second coil disposed within the housing; the first fixed iron core and the second fixed iron core are fixed inside the housing, and the moving iron core is slidably disposed within the housing and located between the first fixed iron core and the second fixed iron core; the moving iron core and the push rod are fixedly connected, and a portion of the push rod extends outside the housing; The first coil is wound around the outside of the first fixed iron core, and the second coil is wound around the outside of the second fixed iron core, with the magnetic lines of force of the first coil and the second coil in opposite directions.

5. A parking brake method, characterized in that, The parking mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises: In electronic control mode, the electromagnetic component drives the swing arm to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl engages with the ratchet. In manual mode, by pushing the operating end, the swing arm is rotated relative to the housing, so that the pawl engages with the ratchet.

6. The parking brake method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the electrically controlled mode, the electromagnetic component drives the swing arm to rotate relative to the housing, so that after the pawl engages with the ratchet, the method further includes: Obtain the position state of the swing arm; If the swing arm is not in the set position, the electromagnetic component is controlled to drive the swing arm to rotate by a first angle in the second direction, and to drive the ratchet to rotate by a second angle; the second direction is opposite to the first direction; the second angle is less than or equal to 3°; The electromagnetic component is controlled to drive the swing arm to rotate in a first direction so that the pawl engages with the ratchet.

7. A parking brake device, characterized in that, include: The control module is used to control the electromagnetic component to drive the swing arm to rotate in a first direction in an electronically controlled mode, so that the pawl part engages with the ratchet.

8. The parking brake device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The acquisition module is also used to acquire the position state of the swing arm; The control module is also used to control the electromagnetic component to drive the swing arm to rotate a first angle in a second direction when the swing arm is not in a set position, and to drive the ratchet to rotate a second angle; the second direction is opposite to the first direction; the second angle is less than or equal to 3°; The control module is also used to control the electromagnetic component to drive the swing arm to rotate in the first direction so that the pawl part engages with the ratchet.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the parking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 or the parking brake device as described in any one of claims 7 to 8.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the parking brake method as described in any one of claims 5 to 6.

Images