Mine rail transport device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a rail-guided transportation device for mines. It includes a side-discharge mine car body composed of a mine car chassis, a car body, a door, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod. The mine car chassis is hinged to the car body, and a door is located on the side of the car body away from the unloading support structure. The middle of the first connecting rod is hinged to the car body, one end of which is fixedly connected to the door, and the other end is hinged to a second connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the mine car chassis. A support frame is hinged to the car body. The lower part of the support frame can swing back and forth around point A. Rollers are rotatably installed below the support frame. In the retracted state, the height of the rollers above the ground is greater than that in the supported state. During transportation, it effectively avoids obstacles such as scattered stones, coal gangue, or protrusions on the roadway surface, reducing the possibility of the door being accidentally opened and improving the stability of transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining machinery and equipment technology, specifically to a rail transport device for mines. Background Technology

[0002] Side-dumping mine cars are a type of non-powered self-unloading transportation device, mainly used in metallurgy, mining, coal mining, and tunnel engineering. They require the use of a traction locomotive or winch. When a side-dumping mine car travels to the unloading point under traction, the unloading wheel arm on one side of the car body begins to roll along a pre-set unloading curved track. As the unloading wheel ascends the uphill section of the curved track, the car body gradually tilts to one side around its hinge point with the frame. Simultaneously, the side door connected to the car body rotates and opens around a pivot under gravity or the action of a connecting rod. The unloading angle is typically between 40-45 degrees, and the material is unloaded from the side. After unloading is complete, the unloading wheel enters the downhill section of the curved track, and the car body automatically descends and resets under its own weight, closing the side door accordingly.

[0003] A cubic curved rail side-discharge mine car with application number 201820995870.0 includes a side-discharge mine car and an unloading curved rail. The side-discharge mine car has a frame in the center, a car body at the upper end, and an axle at the lower end. The frame has buffers at both the front and rear ends, and a single-ring chain is installed on the buffers. The unloading curved rail is installed below the side-discharge mine car, and a channel steel base is installed at the bottom of the unloading curved rail. A light rail is installed at the front end of the channel steel base.

[0004] As per the appendix of this patent Figure 1 As shown, the unloading wheel is low above the ground, and the working environment inside the roadway is relatively complex. If there are scattered stones, coal gangue, or protrusions on the unloading wheel's path, the unloading wheel may collide with the obstacle, causing the car door to open and the material to scatter. In addition, the unloading wheel support may be deformed due to the collision, affecting the normal unloading operation of the mine car. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention provides a mine rail transport device. The technical problem it solves is that when the unloading wheel collides with scattered rocks, coal gangue, or ground protrusions along the transport route, it easily causes the vehicle doors to open and materials to spill out. To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: A mine rail transport device, characterized in that it comprises: A mining car chassis, with a car body articulated on the chassis, and a door located on the side of the car body away from the unloading support structure; The first link is hinged to the car body in the middle. One end of the first link is fixedly connected to the car door, and the other end is hinged to the second link. The other end of the second link is hinged to the mine car chassis. The bracket is set on the side of the carriage away from the door, and the bracket is connected to the carriage by a hinge. The hinge point between the bracket and the carriage is point A. The lower part of the bracket can swing in the front and back direction with point A as the center. The roller is rotatably mounted below the bracket. When the roller swings to the front and lower part of point A, it is in the retracted state. When the roller swings to the rear and lower part of point A, it is in the supported state. When the roller is in the retracted state, its height from the ground is greater than that when it is in the supported state. The height of the roller from the ground is less than that of point A. A reset elastic element, with its two ends connected to the carriage and the support respectively; A limiting component used to restrict the upper limit of the bracket's rearward movement; the limiting component is connected to the carriage. It also has; A toggle mechanism used to drive the support from the retracted state to the supported state.

[0006] Furthermore, the carriage is fixedly equipped with a mounting base, which is connected to the bracket by a hinge; A groove is provided on the lower outer side of the mounting base. The upper sidewall of the groove is set with an arc surface structure, and the arc surface structure is set with point A as the center. The upper end face of the bracket is provided with an arc-shaped end face that slides and fits into the arc-shaped surface structure; The limiting component is fixedly installed inside the groove and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, a reinforcing arm is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end face of the bracket, and the inner side wall of the reinforcing arm slides against the outer side wall of the mounting seat at the top of the groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the reset elastic element is a spring, one end of which is connected to the positioning pin A and the other end is connected to the positioning pin B. The positioning pin B is fixedly installed inside the bracket at the lower part of point A, and the positioning pin A is fixedly installed in the carriage diagonally above the front part of point A.

[0009] Furthermore, the actuation structure includes an unloading curved track set in the travel path of the roller and the bracket. The unloading curved track includes an uphill section, a straight section and a downhill section from back to front. The lower end of the uphill section is higher than the roller's height from the ground when it is in the retracted state, and the lower end of the uphill section is lower than the height of point A from the ground.

[0010] Furthermore, a vertical baffle is fixedly installed at the lower end of the uphill section, and a rotating wheel is rotatably installed at the connection between the vertical baffle and the uphill section of the curved plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a support frame is provided on the lower end face of the unloading curved track.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The support frame and the carriage are hinged, and the lower part of the support frame can swing back and forth along the direction of travel, allowing the support frame to switch between a retracted state and a supported state. During transportation, the support frame is in the retracted state, with the rollers at a greater height from the ground than in the supported state, effectively avoiding obstacles such as scattered stones, coal gangue, or protrusions on the roadway surface, reducing the possibility of the carriage door being accidentally opened. When unloading support is needed, the support frame is driven from the retracted state to the supported state by a toggle mechanism, the rollers are lowered from the ground and come into contact with the unloading curved track, thereby realizing the unloading operation. This ensures both stable operation during transportation and the needs of unloading.

[0013] The two states can be switched through a purely mechanical structure without the need for additional sensors or control systems, making it particularly suitable for harsh environments such as mine tunnels. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the mounting base and the bracket of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting base of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the mounting base and bracket of the present invention in the retracted state; Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the mounting base and bracket of the present invention in the retracted state; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the support rotates backward due to being blocked by the lower part of the uphill section of the unloaded curved track; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, showing the support rising at the turntable and the door gradually opening as the side-dumping mine car moves forward. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rollers on the uphill section as the side-discharge mine car moves forward, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the roller in the straight section of the car door in the open state; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller in contact with the lifting plate 24 in the retracted state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention after the roller is blocked by the lifting plate 24 and swings backward; Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which the lifting plate 24 is pressed down as the side-discharge mine car moves forward; Figure 14 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the toggle structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the existing structure of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Mine car chassis; 2. Car body; 3. Car door; 4. First connecting rod; 5. Second connecting rod; 6. Bracket; 7. Reset elastic element; 8. Roller; 9. Limiting element; 10. Mounting seat; 11. Groove; 12. Arc-shaped surface structure; 13. Arc-shaped end face; 14. Reinforcing arm; 15. Support frame; 16. Positioning pin A; 17. Positioning pin B; 18. Uphill section; 19. Straight section; 20. Downhill section; 21. Vertical baffle; 22. Rotary wheel; 23. Housing; 24. Lifting plate; 25. Lifting spring; 26. Limiting guide post; 27. Inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments, so that the public can better understand the implementation method of this invention. The specific implementation scheme of this invention is as follows: Example 1 A mine rail transport device includes a side-dumping mine car body composed of a mine car chassis 1, a car body 2, a door 3, a first connecting rod 4, and a second connecting rod 5. The mine car chassis 1 is hinged to the car body 2, and the door 3 is located on the side of the car body 2 away from the unloading support structure. The middle part of the first connecting rod 4 is hinged to the car body 2, one end of the first connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the door 3, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting rod 5. The other end of the second connecting rod 5 is hinged to the mine car chassis 1. A support 6 is located on the side of the car body 2 away from the door 3, and the support 6 is hinged to the car body 2. The hinge point of compartment 2 is point A. The lower part of the support 6 can swing back and forth around point A. A roller 8 is installed under the support 6 in a rotating manner. When the roller 8 swings to the front and lower part of point A, it is in the retracted state. When the roller 8 swings to the rear and lower part of point A, it is in the supported state. When the roller 8 is in the retracted state, its height from the ground is greater than that of the roller 8 in the supported state, and its height from the ground is less than that of point A. During transportation, it effectively avoids obstacles such as scattered stones, coal gangue, or protrusions on the roadway surface, reduces the possibility of the door being accidentally opened, and improves the stability of transportation.

[0016] The two ends of the reset elastic element 7 are connected to the carriage 2 and the support 6 respectively, ensuring that the support 6 can be stably kept in the retracted state during transportation, avoiding accidental swing of the support 6 due to factors such as vehicle bumps, and pulling the support from the supported state to the retracted state.

[0017] The carriage 2 is equipped with a limiting member 9 to limit the upper limit of the rearward movement of the support 6, so as to prevent the support 6 from swinging too far back and affecting the cooperation with the unloading curved rail for unloading. During unloading, the roller 8 is positioned at a predetermined height and contacts the unloading curved rail, ensuring that the unloading angle of the carriage meets the design requirement of 40°-45°, thereby ensuring that the material can be unloaded smoothly.

[0018] Specifically, the carriage 2 is fixedly equipped with a mounting base 10, which is hinged to the bracket 6 via a hinge shaft. The lower outer side of the mounting base 10 has a groove 11, and the upper side wall of the groove 11 is set with an arc-shaped surface structure 12. The arc-shaped surface structure 12 is set with point A as the center. The upper end face of the bracket 6 is provided with an arc-shaped end face 13 that slides and fits against the arc-shaped surface structure 12, ensuring that the arc-shaped end face 13 is always in close contact with the arc-shaped surface structure 12 during the swing of the bracket 6 around point A. Especially when the roller 8 contacts the unloading curved rail to support the unloading of the carriage 2, the supporting force is transmitted to the mounting base 10 and the carriage 2 through the arc-shaped surface structure 12, avoiding stress concentration at the hinge shaft, effectively protecting the connection strength between the hinge shaft and the bracket 6, and extending the service life of the hinge shaft.

[0019] It should be noted that a reinforcing arm 14 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end face of the bracket 6. The inner side wall of the reinforcing arm 14 slides and fits against the outer side wall of the mounting seat 10 on the upper part of the groove 11, which further enhances the overall rigidity of the connection between the bracket 6 and the mounting seat 10, prevents the bracket 6 from undergoing lateral deformation or displacement due to bearing a large load during the unloading process, and improves the structural stability during unloading.

[0020] It should be noted that the limiting member 9 is fixedly installed on the vertical wall of the groove 11 and fixedly connected to the side wall of the groove 11. The limiting member 9 is located at the front and slightly above the hinge point A, which serves two purposes: firstly, it limits the upper limit of the bracket's backward rotation, and secondly, it limits the upper limit of the bracket's forward rotation. The limiting member 9 is integrally formed with the mounting base 10 to ensure a firm connection.

[0021] Specifically, the reset elastic element 7 is a spring. One end of the spring is connected to the positioning pin A16, and the other end is connected to the positioning pin B17. The positioning pin B17 is fixedly installed inside the bracket 6 at the lower part of point A, and the positioning pin A16 is fixedly installed in the carriage 2 at the front and upper part of point A. The spring realizes the elastic reset of the bracket 6. When the bracket 6 is not subjected to external force, the tension of the spring pulls the bracket 6 towards the front and lower part of point A, so that it is stably in the retracted state.

[0022] To drive the support 6 from the retracted state to the supported state, this device also includes a toggle structure. In this embodiment, the toggle structure includes an unloading curved track arranged in the travel path of the roller 8 and the support 6. The unloading curved track includes an uphill section 18, a straight section 19, and a downhill section 20 from back to front. The lower end of the uphill section 18 is higher than the height of the roller 8 from the ground when it is in the retracted state, and the lower end of the uphill section 18 is lower than the height of point A from the ground. With this design, as the side-discharge mine car body moves forward, when the support 6 contacts the lower end of the uphill section, it is subjected to a reaction force and swings backward around point A until the support 6 contacts the limiting member 9 (e.g., Figure 7 As shown), at this point, the support 6 cannot move further backward, thus forcing the support 6 to gradually move upward along the end of the uphill section 18 (as shown). Figure 8 As shown), the door is gradually opened. During the unloading process, the roller 8 is blocked by the unloading curved track and cannot be pulled back by the spring. The two states are switched through a purely mechanical structure without the need for additional sensors or control systems. It is especially suitable for harsh environments such as mine tunnels.

[0023] To prevent the side wall of the support 6 from directly contacting the lower end of the uphill section 18, a vertical baffle 21 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the uphill section 18, so that the rollers contact the vertical baffle 21 in advance. A rotating wheel 22 is rotatably installed at the connection between the vertical baffle 21 and the curved uphill section 18. The rolling contact of the rotating wheel 22 replaces the sliding friction, which effectively reduces the impact force and wear when the support 6 contacts the vertical baffle 21, extends the service life of the components, and makes the swinging and upward movement of the support 6 smoother and more stable.

[0024] Furthermore, a support frame 15 is provided on the lower end face of the unloading curved track, which provides a stable support foundation for the entire unloading curved track.

[0025] To further prevent the roller 8 from being too high off the ground in the supported state, the angle between the upper limit of the rearward movement of the bracket 6 and the horizontal plane is α, which is less than 90° and greater than 80°. In this embodiment, it is 82°, and in other embodiments, it can also be 85°, 87°, or 89°.

[0026] The working principle and process of Embodiment 1 of the present invention are as follows: In transport mode, the side-dumping mine car travels normally on the track. At this time, the tension of spring 7 pulls the support 6 diagonally downward in front of point A, so that the roller 8 is in the retracted state.

[0027] When the side-dumping mine car reaches the unloading area and unloading is required, firstly, roller 8 will contact the vertical baffle 21, which will exert a backward blocking force on roller 8. Under the action of this force, the support 6 overcomes the tension of the reset elastic element 7 and begins to swing backward around point A until the support 6 contacts the limiting element 9 and can no longer move backward (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown).

[0028] As the side-dumping mine car continues to move forward, it forces the support 6 to gradually move upward along the impeller 22 (as shown in the image). Figure 8 As shown), the bracket 6 generates an upward supporting force on one side of the car body 2, lifting it upward with the hinge point of the mine car chassis 1 as the center. As a result, one end of the first link 4 rises with the car body 2, while the other end is constrained by the mine car chassis 1 through the second link 5, gradually opening the car door 3.

[0029] When the support 6 separates from the rotating wheel 22, the roller 8 rolls to the uphill section 18 and continues to move forward into the straight section 19. At this point, the carriage 2 reaches its maximum lifting angle, and the door 3 is fully opened. The material is unloaded from the carriage 2 under the action of gravity. The carriage continues to move forward until the roller 8 separates from the downhill section 20. The spring 7 pulls the support 6 to the front of point A at an angle downward, so that the roller 8 is in the retracted state, and the carriage 2 and the door 3 are reset.

[0030] Example 2 Example 1 utilizes a limited starting height of the uphill section 18 to achieve the hinged rotation of the support 6, which is simple and convenient. However, when the support 6 swings backward to its upper limit, it still has a relatively steep slope (e.g., Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the slope causes the unloading curved track to generate a large resistance to the support 6, and the support will also generate a large thrust on the unloading curved track. This will not only aggravate the wear of the support 6 and the wheel 22, shorten the replacement cycle of the parts, and increase the maintenance cost, but also cause the unloading curved track to deform, which will have a certain impact on unloading. Moreover, the large resistance will lead to an increase in the traction force of the mine car.

[0031] To solve the above problems, the actuation structure of embodiment 2 includes an unloading curved track. The unloading curved track is set in the travel path of the roller 8 and the bracket 6. The unloading curved track includes an uphill section 18, a straight section 19 and a downhill section 20 from back to front. The uphill section 18 has a through opening. A housing 23 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the through opening. A lifting plate 24 is installed vertically inside the housing 23 by sliding. The upper end of the lifting plate 24 extends upward through the through opening. The lifting plate 24 is used to change the bracket 6 from the retracted state to the supported state. A lifting spring 25 is installed between the lower part of the lifting plate 24 and the bottom wall of the housing 23. A limiting guide post 26 is sleeved inside the lifting spring 25. An inclined surface 27 that slides with the roller is opened on the side of the lifting plate 24 away from the straight section 19.

[0032] The beneficial effects of Example 2 are as follows: By setting a lifting plate 24 on the uphill section 18, and under the action of the lifting spring 25, the roller 8 is blocked when it contacts the inclined surface 27, and then the support 6 rotates around point A until the support 6 contacts the limiting member 9 and can no longer move backward. As the mine car continues to move, the roller 8 exerts downward pressure on the inclined surface 27 of the lifting plate 24, forcing the lifting plate 24 to overcome the elastic force of the lifting spring 25 and slide downward along the side wall of the housing 23 (e.g., Figure 13 (As shown). As the support 6 moves forward with the mine car, its rollers 8 smoothly transition along the inclined surface 27 of the lifting plate 24 to contact the surface of the uphill section 18, and cannot be pulled back to the retracted state by the spring. Compared with Embodiment 1, this design significantly reduces the impact force and initial resistance at the moment of contact between the support 6 and the unloading curved track, improves the service life of the support 6, and enhances the stability of the unloading curved track structure.

[0033] It should be noted that the upper limit height of the lifting platform 24 is less than the height of point A, which facilitates passage.

[0034] The working principle and process of Embodiment 2 of the present invention are as follows: When the side-dumping mine car moves to one side of the uphill section 21 (such as...) Figure 11 As shown), when roller 8 contacts inclined surface 27, roller 8 exerts a downward pressure on inclined surface 27 of lifting plate 24. This pressure can be decomposed into a vertically downward component and a horizontally forward component. Due to the action of lifting spring 25, the vertically downward component cannot push lifting plate 24 downward. Consequently, bracket 6 swings backward around point A under the horizontal counterforce until bracket 6 contacts limiting member 9 and can no longer move backward (as shown). Figure 12 (As shown).

[0035] At this point, roller 8 is fully in contact with the inclined surface 27 of the lifting plate 24. As the side-dumping mine car continues to move forward, the pressure of roller 8 on the inclined surface 27 gradually increases. When the downward component of this pressure exceeds the elastic force of the lifting spring 25, the lifting plate 24 begins to slide downward against the resistance of the lifting spring 25 (e.g., Figure 13 (As shown).

[0036] During this process, the roller 8 remains in contact with the inclined surface 27, and driven by the forward movement of the mine car, when the lifting plate 24 falls below the uphill surface 18, the roller 8 smoothly transitions to the surface of the uphill section 18.

[0037] Roller 8 completely disengages from lifting plate 24 and contacts the surface of uphill section 18. Lifting plate 24 slides upward under the reset action of lifting spring 25, returning to its initial position, waiting for the next contact with mine car roller.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "lower left," "upper right," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Although the invention has been described according to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand from the above description that other embodiments are conceived within the scope of the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A mine rail transport device, characterized in that, include: The mine car chassis (1) is hinged to a car body (2), and a door (3) is provided on the side of the car body (2) away from the unloading support structure. The first link (4) is connected to the car body (2) by a hinge in the middle. One end of the first link (4) is fixedly connected to the car door (3), and the other end is connected to the second link (5) by a hinge. The other end of the second link (5) is connected to the mine car chassis (1) by a hinge. The bracket (6) is set on the side of the carriage (2) away from the door (3), and the bracket (6) is connected to the carriage (2) by a hinge. The hinge point between the bracket (6) and the carriage (2) is point A. The lower part of the bracket (6) can swing in the front and back direction with point A as the center. Roller (8) is rotatably mounted below bracket (6). When roller (8) swings to the front of point A at an angle below it, it is in the retracted state. When roller (8) swings to the rear of point A at an angle below it, it is in the supported state. When in the retracted state, the height of roller (8) above the ground is greater than that of roller (8) above the ground when in the supported state. The height of roller (8) above the ground is less than that of point A above the ground. The reset elastic element (7) is connected at both ends to the carriage (2) and the bracket (6) respectively; A limiting member (9) is used to limit the upper limit of the rearward movement of the support (6), and the limiting member (9) is connected to the carriage (2); It also has; A toggle structure for driving the support (6) to switch from the retracted state to the supported state.

2. The mine rail transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carriage (2) is fixedly equipped with a mounting base (10), and the mounting base (10) is connected to the bracket (6) by a hinge; The mounting base (10) has a groove (11) on the lower outer side. The upper side wall of the groove (11) is set with an arc-shaped surface structure (12) with point A as the center. The upper end face of the bracket (6) is provided with an arc-shaped end face (13) that slides and fits with the arc-shaped surface structure (12). The limiting component (9) is fixedly installed in the groove (11) and fixedly connected to the side wall of the groove (11).

3. The mine rail transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reinforcing arm (14) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end face of the bracket (6), and the inner side wall of the reinforcing arm (14) slides and fits against the outer side wall of the mounting seat (10) at the top of the groove (11).

4. The mine rail transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reset elastic element (7) is a spring. One end of the spring is connected to the positioning pin A (16), and the other end is connected to the positioning pin B (17). The positioning pin B (17) is fixedly installed inside the bracket (6) at the lower part of point A, and the positioning pin A (16) is fixedly installed in the carriage (2) at the front and upper part of point A.

5. The mine rail transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuation structure includes an unloading curved track set in the travel path of the roller (8) and the bracket (6). The unloading curved track includes an uphill section (18), a straight section (19) and a downhill section (20) from back to front. The lower end of the uphill section (18) is higher than the height of the roller (8) from the ground when it is in the retracted state, and the lower end of the uphill section (18) is lower than the height of point A from the ground.

6. The mine rail transport device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vertical baffle (21) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the uphill section (18), and a rotating wheel (22) is rotatably installed at the connection between the vertical baffle (21) and the uphill section (18) of the curved plate.

7. The mine rail transport device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support frame (15) is provided on the lower end face of the unloading curved track.

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