A subgrade temperature control treatment system for coping with a plateau freeze-thaw environment and a reinforcing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of subgrade temperature control processing systems and its reinforcement method to cope with plateau freeze-thaw environment, system includes multi-source sensing unit, freeze-thaw state prediction unit, temperature control partition decision unit, temperature control execution network, targeted reinforcement control unit and feedback correction unit.Multiple source sensing unit collects subgrade temperature, moisture content, strain, settlement, ventilation and heat exchange and meteorological data;Freeze-thaw state prediction unit constructs freeze-thaw digital twin model and generates freeze-thaw risk distribution;Temperature control partition decision unit divides temperature control partition and determines temperature control processing mode;Temperature control execution network executes partition temperature control processing;Targeted reinforcement control unit determines the area to be reinforced, target compensation refrigeration capacity and targeted reinforcement execution node to form frozen consolidation zone;Feedback correction unit corrects freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters and control parameters according to state change.The application can improve the pertinence of plateau freeze-thaw subgrade temperature control and local reinforcement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of frozen soil subgrade engineering and road disease prevention and control technology, and in particular to a subgrade temperature control treatment system and reinforcement method for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of plateau. Background Technology

[0002] Permafrost and seasonally frozen soil are widely distributed in plateau regions. Under the influence of factors such as diurnal temperature differences, solar radiation, precipitation infiltration, and vehicle loads, the roadbed is prone to coupled changes in temperature field, moisture field, and deformation state. When the roadbed soil repeatedly undergoes freezing and thawing processes, it is susceptible to frost heave, thaw settlement, uneven settlement, and pavement cracking, which affect the stability and service safety of road engineering.

[0003] Existing permafrost roadbeds in plateau regions typically employ temperature control measures such as heat pipes, rubble layers, ventilated roadbeds, thermal insulation layers, or shading components to reduce thermal disturbance and slow down permafrost degradation. While these measures can improve the thermal stability of the roadbed to some extent, they are mostly based on a single structure or fixed control mode, making it difficult to dynamically adjust according to changes in freeze-thaw conditions at different road sections, depths, and time periods.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing roadbed monitoring systems mostly focus on collecting single data such as temperature, moisture content, and settlement, lacking comprehensive analysis of temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field, and ventilation and heat transfer boundary conditions. This makes it difficult to obtain timely information on the spatial distribution of freeze-thaw risks within the roadbed. When abnormal conditions such as increased moisture content, temperature approaching the phase transition range, or accelerated settlement occur in local areas, existing technologies often struggle to accurately determine the areas requiring treatment and select appropriate temperature control modes based on the degree of risk in each area.

[0005] Furthermore, for roadbed areas already at risk of localized thaw settlement, traditional passive cooling, natural ventilation, or surface insulation measures are insufficient to provide timely and effective reinforcement. Existing technologies lack a method that combines freeze-thaw risk zoning, active compensating cooling, nodal cooling distribution, and feedback correction, resulting in insufficient targeted reinforcement and efficient cooling utilization in localized abnormal areas.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a roadbed temperature control treatment system and its reinforcement method that can perform risk prediction, zoned temperature control and targeted reinforcement based on multi-source freeze-thaw status data, so as to improve the accuracy, initiative and long-term stability of roadbed temperature control treatment in plateau freeze-thaw environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problem that existing temperature control measures for frozen-thaw roadbeds in high-altitude areas mostly rely on fixed structures or single control modes, making it difficult to dynamically regulate the temperature in different zones based on spatial differences in the freeze-thaw state within the roadbed, and difficult to promptly target and reinforce areas at risk of thawing subsidence, this invention provides a roadbed temperature control treatment system and reinforcement method for dealing with the freeze-thaw environment in high-altitude areas.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas, comprising:

[0010] Multi-source sensing units are used to collect freeze-thaw status data of the target roadbed section;

[0011] The freeze-thaw state prediction unit, connected to the multi-source sensing unit, is used to map the freeze-thaw state data to a three-dimensional spatial grid of the target roadbed section, construct and update a freeze-thaw digital twin model including temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field and ventilation heat transfer boundary field, and generate a freeze-thaw risk distribution within a preset time window based on the freeze-thaw digital twin model, including the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit. The preset time window is set according to the daily variation cycle of the plateau freeze-thaw environment and the response time of the temperature control execution network.

[0012] The temperature control zoning decision unit is connected to the freeze-thaw state prediction unit and is used to divide the target roadbed section into multiple temperature control zones according to the freeze-thaw risk distribution, and determine the temperature control processing mode corresponding to each temperature control zone.

[0013] A temperature control execution network, connected to the temperature control zone decision unit, includes multiple temperature control execution nodes, including active cooling nodes and collaborative temperature adjustment nodes. The temperature control execution network is configured with a mapping relationship between the temperature control execution nodes and the spatial units in the three-dimensional spatial grid. It is used to execute temperature control adjustment actions determined by the temperature control processing mode on the corresponding temperature control zone according to the temperature control processing mode. The temperature control adjustment actions include cold conduction adjustment, ventilation heat exchange adjustment, compensating cooling adjustment, and surface insulation adjustment.

[0014] The targeted reinforcement control unit is connected to the multi-source sensing unit, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit, and the temperature control execution network. It is used to determine the area to be reinforced based on the freeze-thaw anomaly state of the temperature control zone, determine the target compensation cooling capacity of the area to be reinforced, select targeted reinforcement execution nodes from the active cooling nodes according to the mapping relationship between the area to be reinforced and the active cooling nodes, determine the compensation cooling capacity of each targeted reinforcement execution node, and control the targeted reinforcement execution nodes to provide the corresponding compensation cooling capacity to the area to be reinforced in order to form a frozen consolidation zone.

[0015] The feedback correction unit, connected to the multi-source sensing unit, freeze-thaw state prediction unit, temperature control zoning decision unit, temperature control execution network, and targeted reinforcement control unit, is used to correct the freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters, temperature control processing mode parameters, target compensation cooling capacity, and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters based on the state changes during zoning temperature control processing and targeted reinforcement.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for roadbed temperature control and reinforcement to cope with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, collect freeze-thaw status data at different longitudinal, lateral and depth positions of the target roadbed section;

[0018] S2, map the freeze-thaw state data to the three-dimensional spatial grid of the target roadbed section, construct and update the freeze-thaw digital twin model, the freeze-thaw digital twin model includes temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field and ventilation heat transfer boundary field;

[0019] S3, Calculate the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit within a preset time window based on the freeze-thaw digital twin model, and generate the freeze-thaw risk distribution;

[0020] S4. Spatial units with a freeze-thaw risk index higher than the risk zone threshold and which are spatially adjacent and continuous are divided into the same temperature control zone. The spatially adjacent and continuous means that the spatial units share a boundary surface or boundary line. The predicted thaw risk level of the corresponding temperature control zone is determined according to the freeze-thaw risk index of the spatial units in each temperature control zone, and the temperature control treatment mode is determined according to the predicted thaw risk level, external meteorological conditions and ventilation and heat exchange status.

[0021] S5, according to the temperature control processing mode, control the temperature control execution network including multiple temperature control execution nodes to perform partition temperature control processing on the corresponding temperature control partition;

[0022] S6, based on whether the spatial units in each temperature control zone meet the preset temperature anomaly criteria, moisture content anomaly criteria, strain change criteria, settlement anomaly criteria, and melting settlement risk criteria, determine whether there are areas that need to be reinforced;

[0023] S7, when there is an area to be reinforced, determine the target compensation cooling capacity based on the area range of the area to be reinforced, the content of freezeable water, the current temperature and the target consolidation temperature;

[0024] S8. Candidate temperature control execution nodes are determined from the temperature control execution network. The candidate temperature control execution nodes are active cooling nodes that have active compensation cooling capabilities and can form an effective cooling path with the area to be reinforced. Based on the distance between the candidate temperature control execution nodes and the area to be reinforced, the thermal resistance of the transmission path, the remaining active cooling capacity, the current workload, and the maximum output cooling capacity, the targeted reinforcement adaptability is determined. The targeted reinforcement execution nodes and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters are selected based on the targeted reinforcement adaptability.

[0025] S9, control the targeted reinforcement execution node to provide the corresponding allocated compensation cooling capacity to the area to be reinforced, so that the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity received by the area to be reinforced reaches the target compensation cooling capacity, and the temperature of the area to be reinforced is not higher than the target consolidation temperature, the duration reaches the preset consolidation time, the rate of change of moisture content is lower than the consolidation stability threshold, and the settlement rate is lower than the settlement stability threshold, so as to form a frozen consolidation zone; wherein, the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity is the compensation cooling capacity output by the targeted reinforcement execution node minus the cooling capacity transmission loss and the cooling capacity applied to the area to be reinforced;

[0026] S10, based on the temperature changes, moisture content changes, strain changes, settlement changes, and cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity during the zoned temperature control treatment and targeted reinforcement process, performs feedback correction on the freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters, temperature control treatment mode parameters, target compensation cooling capacity, and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters.

[0027] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] First, the present invention collects freeze-thaw state data such as roadbed temperature, moisture content, strain, settlement, ventilation and heat transfer, and external weather through multi-source sensing units, and maps the freeze-thaw state data to a three-dimensional spatial grid to construct a freeze-thaw digital twin model including temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field, and ventilation and heat transfer boundary field, thereby comprehensively reflecting the freeze-thaw state and its changing trend at different locations and depths of the target roadbed section.

[0029] Second, the present invention generates a freeze-thaw risk distribution within a preset time window based on a freeze-thaw digital twin model, and divides temperature control zones according to the freeze-thaw risk distribution. It also determines enhanced heat dissipation mode, suppressed heat intrusion mode, heat input blocking mode or targeted cooling mode by combining external meteorological conditions, ventilation and heat exchange status and predicted thaw settlement risk level, so that the roadbed temperature control treatment can be transformed from overall, fixed control to zoned dynamic regulation oriented to risk areas.

[0030] Third, this invention distinguishes temperature control execution nodes into active cooling nodes and collaborative temperature regulation nodes, and establishes a mapping relationship between the temperature control execution nodes and spatial units in the three-dimensional spatial grid, so that the conduction cooling regulation, ventilation heat exchange regulation, compensation cooling regulation and surface insulation regulation can correspond to specific temperature control zones or areas to be reinforced, thereby improving the targeting of temperature control execution.

[0031] Fourth, when the freeze-thaw anomaly criteria are met in a local area, the present invention determines the area to be reinforced by clustering abnormal spatial units, selects the targeted reinforcement execution node based on the target compensation cooling capacity, effective cooling conduction path and targeted reinforcement adaptability, determines the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters of each targeted reinforcement execution node, and corrects the freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters, temperature control mode parameters, target compensation cooling capacity and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters through a feedback correction unit, thereby forming a closed-loop processing process of risk prediction, zoned temperature control, targeted reinforcement and feedback correction. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for roadbed temperature control and reinforcement in response to the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the freeze-thaw digital twin model construction process in step 20 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature control zoning and temperature control processing mode decision-making process in step 40 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the targeted reinforcement control process in steps 60 to 90 provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feedback correction closed-loop control process in step 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can adaptively adjust the relevant parameters, thresholds, control cycles and execution intensity according to the permafrost type, roadbed structure, meteorological conditions, construction conditions, monitoring conditions and operational requirements of the target roadbed section without departing from the concept of the present invention.

[0040] See Figure 1 — Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for roadbed temperature control and reinforcement in response to the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas. This method can be executed by a roadbed temperature control system for high-altitude freeze-thaw environments. The system includes a multi-source sensing unit, a freeze-thaw state prediction unit, a temperature control zoning decision unit, a temperature control execution network, a targeted reinforcement control unit, and a feedback correction unit.

[0041] Specifically, the multi-source sensing unit performs the freeze-thaw state data acquisition process; the freeze-thaw state prediction unit performs the freeze-thaw state data mapping, freeze-thaw digital twin model construction and updating, and freeze-thaw risk distribution generation processes; the temperature control zoning decision unit performs the temperature control zoning and temperature control processing mode determination processes; the temperature control execution network performs the zoning temperature control processing process; the targeted reinforcement control unit performs the determination of the area to be reinforced, the determination of the target compensation cooling capacity, the selection of targeted reinforcement execution nodes, the allocation of compensation cooling capacity, and the formation of the frozen consolidation zone processes; and the feedback correction unit performs the feedback correction process of the freeze-thaw digital twin model, temperature control processing mode parameters, and cooling-related parameters. Through the above correspondence, the system structural features and methodological steps work together to achieve zoning temperature control and targeted reinforcement control of plateau freeze-thaw roadbeds.

[0042] Step 10: Collect freeze-thaw status data at different longitudinal, lateral, and depth positions of the target roadbed section.

[0043] In step 10, freeze-thaw status data of the target roadbed section is collected through a multi-source sensing unit. This freeze-thaw status data reflects the temperature, moisture, deformation, ventilation and heat exchange, and external environmental conditions of the target roadbed section, providing foundational data for the subsequent construction of a freeze-thaw digital twin model. The specific implementation process of step 10 is as described in steps 101 and 102.

[0044] Step 20: Map the freeze-thaw state data to a three-dimensional spatial grid, and construct and update the freeze-thaw digital twin model.

[0045] In step 20, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit maps the freeze-thaw state data to a three-dimensional spatial grid of the target roadbed section, forming a spatiotemporal state matrix, and constructs a freeze-thaw digital twin model including a temperature field, a moisture field, a deformation response field, and a ventilation and heat transfer boundary field. The specific implementation process of step 20 is as described in steps 201 to 203.

[0046] Step 30: Calculate the freeze-thaw risk index based on the freeze-thaw digital twin model and generate the freeze-thaw risk distribution.

[0047] In step 30, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit calculates the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit in the target roadbed section within a preset time window based on the freeze-thaw digital twin model, and generates a freeze-thaw risk distribution. This freeze-thaw risk distribution is used for subsequent temperature control zoning and temperature control treatment mode determination. The specific implementation process of step 30 is as described in steps 301 to 303.

[0048] Step 40: Divide the space unit into temperature-controlled zones and determine the temperature control processing mode.

[0049] In step 40, the temperature control zoning decision unit divides the target roadbed section into multiple temperature control zones based on the freeze-thaw risk distribution, and determines the corresponding temperature control treatment mode according to the risk status of each temperature control zone. The specific implementation process of step 40 is as described in steps 401 to 404.

[0050] Step 50: Control the temperature control execution network to perform zoned temperature control processing according to the temperature control processing mode.

[0051] In step 50, the temperature control execution network performs zoned temperature control processing on the corresponding temperature control zone according to the zoned temperature control instructions generated by the temperature control zoned decision unit. The specific implementation process of step 50 is as described in steps 501 to 503.

[0052] Step 60: Determine whether there are areas that need to be reinforced based on the freeze-thaw anomaly criteria.

[0053] In step 60, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines whether there is an area to be reinforced based on whether the spatial units within each temperature control zone meet the preset freeze-thaw anomaly criteria. The specific implementation process of step 60 is as described in steps 601 to 603.

[0054] Step 70: When there is an area to be reinforced, determine the target compensation cooling capacity.

[0055] In step 70, when a region to be reinforced exists, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines the target compensation cooling capacity based on the region's area, freezeable water content, current temperature, target consolidation temperature, and cold energy transfer conditions. The specific implementation process of step 70 is as described in steps 701 to 703.

[0056] Step 80: Determine the suitability of the targeted reinforcement, select the execution node for the targeted reinforcement, and determine the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters.

[0057] In step 80, the targeted hardening control unit filters candidate temperature control execution nodes from the temperature control execution network, determines the targeted hardening adaptability, selects the targeted hardening execution node based on the targeted hardening adaptability, and determines the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters. The specific implementation process of step 80 is as described in steps 801 to 803.

[0058] Step 90: Control the targeted reinforcement execution node to provide compensating cooling capacity and form a frozen consolidation zone.

[0059] In step 90, the targeted hardening control unit controls the targeted hardening execution node to provide compensating cooling capacity to the area to be hardened, and determines whether a frozen consolidation zone has formed based on the temperature, moisture content, and deformation state of the area to be hardened. The specific implementation process of step 90 is as described in steps 901 to 903.

[0060] Step 100: Feedback corrections are made to the model, mode, and parameters based on the state changes.

[0061] In step 100, the feedback correction unit corrects the freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters, temperature control mode parameters, target compensation cooling capacity, and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters based on the state changes during the zoned temperature control processing and targeted reinforcement process. The specific implementation process of step 100 is as described in steps 1001 to 1003.

[0062] Through the above steps, this embodiment can form a closed-loop control process of multi-source sensing, freeze-thaw digital twin prediction, zoned temperature control, targeted reinforcement, and feedback correction, thereby improving the pertinence of temperature control treatment and local reinforcement of plateau freeze-thaw roadbeds.

[0063] In one embodiment, steps 101 to 102 are described as follows.

[0064] Step 101: Collect internal state data of the roadbed.

[0065] In step 101, the multi-source sensing unit collects internal state data of the roadbed at different longitudinal, lateral, and depth locations within the target roadbed section. The internal state data includes temperature data, moisture content data, strain data, and settlement data.

[0066] Optionally, temperature monitoring nodes, moisture content monitoring nodes, strain monitoring nodes, and settlement monitoring nodes are arranged along the longitudinal, transverse, and depth directions of the target roadbed section. In the longitudinal direction, monitoring sections can be set according to topographic changes, permafrost conditions, historical disease locations, and changes in roadbed structure; in the transverse direction, monitoring locations can be set near the roadbed center, wheel track zones, shoulders, and slopes; in the depth direction, monitoring layers can be set in the roadbed surface, inside structural layers, freeze-thaw sensitive layers, and near the upper limit of permafrost.

[0067] Furthermore, temperature data is used to update the temperature field in the freeze-thaw digital twin model and to determine the proximity of the temperature phase transition and the rate of temperature rise; moisture content data is used to update the moisture field and to determine the amount of moisture content change and the rate of increase in moisture content; strain and settlement data are used to update the deformation response field and to determine the strain change rate, settlement development amount, and settlement rate. These data serve as inputs for subsequent freeze-thaw risk indices and freeze-thaw anomaly criteria.

[0068] Step 102: Collect ventilation and heat exchange data and external meteorological data.

[0069] In step 102, the multi-source sensing unit collects ventilation and heat exchange data and external meteorological data for the target roadbed section. The ventilation and heat exchange data are determined based on the roadbed structure of the target roadbed section.

[0070] When a rubble layer is provided in the target roadbed section, a ventilation monitoring node for the rubble layer is set up inside the rubble layer to collect data on wind speed, wind temperature, and pressure difference within the rubble layer. The wind speed, wind temperature, and pressure difference data within the rubble layer are used to characterize the airflow and ventilation / heat transfer state inside the rubble layer, and are also used to update the ventilation / heat transfer boundary field in the freeze-thaw digital twin model.

[0071] When a ventilated roadbed duct is provided in the target roadbed section, a monitoring node for the ventilated roadbed duct is set up inside the duct to collect data on wind speed, wind temperature, damper opening, and ventilation volume. The data on wind speed, wind temperature, damper opening, and ventilation volume are used to characterize the ventilation control status and heat transfer intensity of the ventilated roadbed duct, and to update the ventilation heat transfer boundary field in the freeze-thaw digital twin model.

[0072] External meteorological monitoring nodes are set up outside the target roadbed section to collect data on external air temperature, surface temperature, solar radiation intensity, external wind speed, and precipitation. The external air temperature, surface temperature, solar radiation intensity, and external wind speed are used to determine surface heat input conditions and external air heat input conditions; precipitation data is used to help assess water replenishment and infiltration risk.

[0073] Furthermore, when the target roadbed section has a rubble layer, the data collected by the external meteorological monitoring node and the data collected by the rubble layer ventilation monitoring node are used together to determine the ventilation and heat exchange direction of the rubble layer; when the target roadbed section has a ventilation roadbed duct, the data collected by the external meteorological monitoring node and the data collected by the ventilation roadbed duct monitoring node are used together to determine the heat exchange direction of the ventilation roadbed duct.

[0074] In one embodiment, steps 201 to 203 are described as follows.

[0075] Step 201: Establish a three-dimensional spatial grid and form a spatiotemporal state matrix.

[0076] In step 201, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit divides the target roadbed section into multiple spatial units according to the longitudinal, transverse, and depth directions. Each spatial unit has corresponding spatial coordinates, layer attributes, and spatial range, and is associated with soil type, initial moisture content, density, porosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, freezing temperature range, and deformation response parameters.

[0077] Optionally, the aforementioned spatial unit parameters can be derived from field survey data, construction data, indoor geotechnical test data, in-situ test data, and historical monitoring data. For areas with drastic freeze-thaw cycles, significant moisture content changes, or concentrated historical defects, finer spatial unit divisions can be used; for relatively stable areas, coarser spatial unit divisions can be used to balance computational efficiency and model accuracy.

[0078] Furthermore, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit maps the freeze-thaw state data collected in step 10 to corresponding spatial units and time series nodes according to the spatial location, burial depth, and acquisition time of the monitoring nodes. When direct monitoring data exists for a spatial unit, the measured data corresponding to that spatial unit is used first; when no direct monitoring nodes are deployed for a spatial unit, interpolation or estimation can be performed based on the monitoring data, spatial distance, soil type, and stratigraphic relationship of neighboring spatial units. The mapped data forms a spatiotemporal state matrix corresponding to the target roadbed section.

[0079] The spatiotemporal state matrix is ​​used to record the temperature, moisture content, strain, settlement, ventilation status of the rubble layer, ventilation roadbed duct status, and external meteorological status of each spatial unit at different time points, and serves as the data basis for subsequent construction of freeze-thaw digital twin models, calculation of freeze-thaw risk indices, and judgment of abnormal freeze-thaw states.

[0080] Step 202: Construct a four-field coupled freeze-thaw digital twin model.

[0081] In step 202, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit constructs a freeze-thaw digital twin model based on the spatiotemporal state matrix. The freeze-thaw digital twin model includes a temperature field, a moisture field, a deformation response field, and a ventilation heat transfer boundary field.

[0082] The freeze-thaw digital twin model in this embodiment is composed of a three-dimensional spatial grid, spatial unit attributes, a spatiotemporal state matrix, a temperature field, a moisture field, a deformation response field, a ventilation and heat transfer boundary field, and parameter iteration correction rules. This freeze-thaw digital twin model is not a prediction model that solely relies on historical sample output results, but rather a continuously updated roadbed freeze-thaw state mapping model based on the spatial grid of the target roadbed section, measured monitoring data, boundary state data, and parameter correction rules.

[0083] Optionally, the temperature field is used to characterize the temperature distribution, temperature change trend, and temperature rise rate of each spatial unit within the target roadbed section; the moisture field is used to characterize the moisture content, moisture content change, moisture content growth rate, liquid water migration trend, and freezeable water state of each spatial unit; the deformation response field is used to characterize the strain change, cumulative settlement, settlement rate, and thaw settlement development state of each spatial unit; and the ventilation and heat transfer boundary field is used to characterize the wind speed, wind temperature, pressure difference, damper opening, ventilation volume, heat transfer direction, and heat transfer intensity within the rubble layer and ventilation roadbed ducts.

[0084] Furthermore, there is a coupling relationship between the temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field, and ventilation and heat transfer boundary field. The temperature field affects the freezing and thawing state of moisture; the moisture field affects the soil's heat conduction, phase change process, and the content of freezeable water; the freezing, thawing, and migration of moisture affect the strain and settlement state in the deformation response field; the ventilation and heat transfer boundary field changes the boundary conditions of the temperature field and affects the external air heat input or the heat dissipation process inside the subgrade.

[0085] Therefore, the freeze-thaw digital twin model is not only used to reflect the subgrade condition at a certain moment, but also to predict the changes in freeze-thaw risk within a preset time window based on real-time monitoring data and historical freeze-thaw damage data, providing a basis for subsequent zoned temperature control and targeted reinforcement.

[0086] Step 203: Iteratively refine the freeze-thaw digital twin model.

[0087] In step 203, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit iteratively corrects the thermophysical parameters, moisture migration parameters, deformation response parameters, and ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters in the freeze-thaw digital twin model based on the spatiotemporal state matrix, so that the freeze-thaw digital twin model can be updated as the measured state of the target roadbed section changes.

[0088] Furthermore, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit determines whether the freeze-thaw digital twin model has reached the preset iterative stability condition based on the measured deviations of the temperature field, moisture field, and deformation response field, as well as the boundary state deviation of the ventilation and heat transfer boundary field. The specific implementation process of step 203 is as described in steps 2031 to 2033.

[0089] In one embodiment, steps 2031 to 2033 are described as follows.

[0090] Step 2031: Correct the thermophysical parameters and moisture migration parameters.

[0091] In step 2031, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit corrects the thermophysical parameters and moisture migration parameters in the freeze-thaw digital twin model based on the prediction deviations of the temperature field and moisture field.

[0092] Optionally, the thermal properties include thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, and latent heat of phase change. The deviation between the predicted temperature field value and the measured temperature value collected by the temperature monitoring node is used to determine whether the thermal properties need to be corrected. When there is a deviation between the predicted temperature rise rate, predicted temperature distribution, or predicted phase change interval of a certain space cell and the measured state, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit corrects the thermal properties of the corresponding space cell or adjacent space cells based on the deviation.

[0093] Furthermore, moisture migration parameters include permeability coefficient, capillary migration parameter, and freezeable water proportion parameter. The deviation between the predicted moisture field value and the measured moisture content collected by the moisture content monitoring node is used to determine whether the moisture migration parameters need to be corrected. When there is a deviation between the predicted moisture content change, moisture content growth rate, or freezeable water state of a spatial unit and the measured state, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit corrects the moisture migration parameters based on the deviation.

[0094] Step 2032: Correct the deformation response parameters and ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters.

[0095] In step 2032, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit corrects the deformation response parameters and ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters in the freeze-thaw digital twin model based on the prediction deviation of the deformation response field and the ventilation heat transfer boundary field.

[0096] Optionally, the deformation response parameters include the frost heave coefficient, the thaw settlement coefficient, and the compressive modulus. Strain data, cumulative settlement, and settlement rate collected by the strain monitoring nodes and settlement monitoring nodes are used to verify the deformation response field. When there is a deviation between the predicted strain change rate, predicted settlement development, or predicted settlement rate and the measured results, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit corrects the deformation response parameters based on this deviation.

[0097] Furthermore, the ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters include the ventilation heat transfer coefficient, air volume correction coefficient, boundary temperature, and heat exchange direction parameters. Measured values ​​of wind velocity, air temperature, and pressure difference within the rubble layer, as well as wind velocity, air temperature, damper opening, and ventilation volume within the ventilation roadbed ducts, are used to verify the ventilation heat transfer boundary field. When there are deviations between the predicted heat transfer intensity, predicted heat transfer direction, or predicted boundary temperature of the ventilation heat transfer boundary field and the measured conditions, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit corrects the ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters.

[0098] Step 2033: Determine whether the preset iterative stability condition has been met.

[0099] In step 2033, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit determines whether the freeze-thaw digital twin model has reached the preset iterative stability condition based on the measured deviations of the temperature field, moisture field, and deformation response field, as well as the boundary state deviation of the ventilation and heat transfer boundary field.

[0100] Optionally, the measured deviations include the deviations between the predicted and measured values ​​of the temperature field, the predicted and measured values ​​of the moisture field, and the predicted and measured values ​​of the deformation response field, strain, and settlement. Boundary state deviations are determined based on the deviations between the measured and model-predicted values ​​of wind speed, wind temperature, pressure difference within the rubble layer, and wind speed, wind temperature, damper opening, and ventilation volume within the ventilation ducts of the ventilated roadbed.

[0101] Furthermore, when the measured deviation and boundary state deviation after a consecutive preset number of iterations are both lower than the corresponding synchronization error threshold, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit determines that the freeze-thaw digital twin model has reached the preset iterative stability condition. The preset number of iterations and the synchronization error threshold are determined by the historical freeze-thaw monitoring data of the target roadbed section and the model accuracy requirements. The synchronization error threshold is the maximum allowable deviation between the predicted values ​​and corresponding measured values ​​of the temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field, and ventilation heat transfer boundary field, and it is determined according to the dimensions, monitoring accuracy, and model accuracy requirements of different field quantities.

[0102] In one embodiment, steps 301 to 303 are as follows.

[0103] Step 301: Determine the freeze-thaw risk factors.

[0104] In step 301, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit determines the freeze-thaw risk factors for calculating the freeze-thaw risk index based on the data collected by the freeze-thaw digital twin model and the multi-source sensing unit. The freeze-thaw risk factors include the proximity of temperature phase change, the amount of change in water content, the rate of increase in water content, the rate of change in strain, the amount of sedimentation development, and the rate of temperature rise within a preset time window.

[0105] Optionally, the preset time window is set based on the daily variation cycle of the plateau freeze-thaw environment and the response time of the temperature control execution network. For roadbed sections with significant diurnal temperature variations and frequent temperature approaches the phase transition range, a shorter preset time window can be used; for roadbed sections with relatively slow temperature changes or requiring early warning, a longer preset time window can be used.

[0106] Furthermore, the temperature phase transition proximity is determined based on the distance between the current temperature of the spatial unit and the preset phase transition interval. The preset phase transition interval is determined based on the soil type, moisture content, and salinity of the target roadbed section. The closer the temperature of the spatial unit is to the preset phase transition interval, the higher its temperature phase transition proximity. The change in moisture content and the rate of increase in moisture content are determined by the moisture field and moisture content monitoring data; the rate of change in strain and the amount of settlement development are determined by the deformation response field and strain and settlement monitoring data; the rate of temperature increase is determined by the predicted results of the temperature field within a preset time window.

[0107] Step 302: Calculate the freeze-thaw risk index.

[0108] In step 302, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit normalizes each freeze-thaw risk factor and determines the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit by weighted summation.

[0109] Optionally, each normalized value is determined based on the range of values ​​for the corresponding monitored quantity in the historical freeze-thaw damage samples of the target roadbed section, the field calibration threshold, and the magnitude of change within the current preset time window. For the temperature phase transition proximity, the closer the spatial unit temperature is to the preset phase transition range, the larger the normalized value; for the change in moisture content, the rate of increase in moisture content, the rate of change in strain, the rate of settlement development, and the rate of temperature rise, the closer the degree of change is to or exceeds the field calibration risk threshold, the larger the normalized value.

[0110] In one embodiment, the freeze-thaw risk index is determined by the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] in, This refers to the freeze-thaw risk index. This is the normalized value for the temperature phase transition proximity. This is the normalized value of the change in moisture content; This is the normalized value of the moisture content growth rate; This is the normalized value of the rate of change of strain; This represents the normalized value of settlement development. This is the normalized value of the rate of temperature increase within a preset time window; to These are the corresponding weighting coefficients.

[0113] , , , , and The data comes from temperature data, moisture content data, strain data, sedimentation data collected by multi-source sensing units, as well as the prediction results of the freeze-thaw digital twin model within a preset time window. to The data is determined by historical freeze-thaw damage data and field calibration data of the target roadbed section, and corrected by the feedback correction unit based on the changes in state after zoned temperature control treatment and targeted reinforcement.

[0114] Optionally, to After normalization calibration, the weighting coefficients are made comparable; the freeze-thaw risk index R can be converted into a risk value within a preset risk range as needed. The calculated freeze-thaw risk index R is used to generate the freeze-thaw risk distribution, and further used for temperature control zone division, prediction of melt-sink risk level determination, and targeted refrigeration mode trigger judgment.

[0115] Step 303: Generate freeze-thaw risk distribution and determine ventilation and heat exchange direction.

[0116] In step 303, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit arranges the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit according to the three-dimensional spatial grid position, generating the freeze-thaw risk distribution of the target roadbed section within a preset time window. The freeze-thaw risk distribution can be represented as a spatial risk matrix, a risk zoning map, or three-dimensional risk distribution data.

[0117] Furthermore, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit determines the ventilation and heat exchange direction based on the external air temperature, the ventilation data of the rubble layer, and the ventilation duct data of the roadbed. The ventilation and heat exchange direction is used to determine whether the current condition of the rubble layer or the ventilation duct of the roadbed is conducive to heat dissipation of the roadbed, or whether it may cause external hot air to input heat into the roadbed.

[0118] In one embodiment, the ventilation heat exchange direction is determined by the following heat exchange direction discrimination quantity:

[0119]

[0120] in, Quantity for determining the direction of ventilation and heat exchange; This is the correction factor for ventilation and heat transfer; The effective area for ventilation and heat exchange; The equivalent ventilation volume carrying ventilation direction information, or the equivalent ventilation volume determined by wind speed, ventilation volume, pressure difference, damper opening and ventilation direction; This refers to the outside air temperature or the ventilation inlet temperature. This refers to the average temperature at a preset depth within the corresponding temperature control zone.

[0121] and Determined based on the structural parameters, heat exchange conditions, and on-site calibration data of the rubble layer or ventilation roadbed duct; Data on wind speed, ventilation volume, pressure difference, damper opening and ventilation direction are collected from ventilation roadbed ventilation duct monitoring nodes or rubble layer ventilation monitoring nodes; Data is derived from external meteorological monitoring nodes or ventilation inlet temperature monitoring data; The data comes from temperature monitoring nodes and the temperature field in the freeze-thaw digital twin model.

[0122] The Used to characterize the direction of ventilation and heat exchange and the trend of heat input, not limited to actual heat flow; , and Together, they constitute an equivalent correction term related to ventilation heat transfer intensity and ventilation direction. When When the value is greater than the preset direction discrimination value, it indicates that the outside air has a heat input trend relative to the corresponding temperature control zone, and the ventilation heat exchange direction discrimination result is used to trigger the heat intrusion suppression mode; when When the value is less than or equal to the preset direction discrimination value, it indicates that the ventilation and heat exchange does not constitute external heat intrusion, or has a tendency to dissipate heat outward. This result can be used as one of the criteria for triggering the enhanced heat dissipation mode.

[0123] In one embodiment, steps 401 to 404 are described as follows.

[0124] Step 401: Divide the temperature control zones and determine the predicted melting and settling risk level.

[0125] In step 401, the temperature control zoning decision unit divides spatial units with freeze-thaw risk indices higher than the risk zoning threshold and which are spatially adjacent and continuous into the same temperature control zone. The risk zoning threshold is determined based on historical freeze-thaw damage data and field calibration data of the target roadbed section.

[0126] Spatial adjacency continuity refers to spatial units sharing a boundary surface or boundary line. To avoid misclassifying spatially independent high-risk units as belonging to the same temperature control zone, spatial units sharing a boundary surface or boundary line can be preferentially used as the basis for adjacency determination. If multiple high-risk spatial units are not distributed continuously, they should be divided into different temperature control zones.

[0127] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled zoning decision unit determines the predicted thaw risk level of the temperature-controlled zone based on the maximum and average freeze-thaw risk indices, the number of continuous spatial units, continuous length, continuous area, and continuous volume within the same temperature-controlled zone. The maximum freeze-thaw risk index reflects the most unfavorable local condition, the average freeze-thaw risk index reflects the overall risk level of the temperature-controlled zone, and the number, length, area, and volume of continuous spatial units reflect the spatial scale of the risk area. The predicted thaw risk level is used to trigger subsequent temperature-controlled processing modes.

[0128] Step 402: Determine whether to use the enhanced heat dissipation mode or the heat intrusion suppression mode.

[0129] In step 402, the temperature control zone decision unit determines whether to trigger the enhanced heat dissipation mode or the suppressed heat intrusion mode based on the external air temperature, the average temperature at a preset depth within the corresponding temperature control zone, the maximum value of the freeze-thaw risk index, and the ventilation heat exchange direction.

[0130] When the outside temperature is lower than the average temperature at a preset depth within the corresponding temperature control zone, and the maximum freeze-thaw risk index within that temperature control zone is higher than the heat dissipation trigger threshold, the temperature control zone decision unit triggers an enhanced heat dissipation mode. At this time, the outside air has low temperature conditions, and the system can promote the release of heat from the roadbed to the outside by enhancing cooling, ventilation of the rubble layer, and ventilation of the roadbed ducts.

[0131] When the external temperature is higher than the average temperature at a preset depth within the corresponding temperature control zone, and the ventilation and heat exchange status of the rubble layer or ventilation roadbed duct indicates that the heat input direction is from the outside to the inside of the roadbed, the temperature control zone decision unit triggers the heat intrusion suppression mode. At this time, if ventilation is further enhanced, it may cause external hot air to enter the roadbed. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce or close the corresponding ventilation channels to suppress external heat from entering the roadbed.

[0132] Optionally, the preset depth is determined by the upper limit of permafrost depth in the target roadbed section and field calibration data. The heat dissipation trigger threshold is determined by historical freeze-thaw damage data of the target roadbed section and field calibration data.

[0133] Step 403: Determine the heat input barrier mode and the targeted cooling mode.

[0134] In step 403, the temperature control zoning decision unit determines whether to trigger the heat input blocking mode based on solar radiation intensity, surface temperature, external wind speed and surface heat input; and determines whether to trigger the targeted cooling mode based on the predicted melt subsidence risk level and preset freeze-thaw anomaly criteria.

[0135] When solar radiation intensity exceeds the solar radiation trigger threshold, surface temperature exceeds the surface temperature trigger threshold, and the surface heat input determined by solar radiation intensity, surface temperature, and external wind speed exceeds the surface heat input trigger threshold, the temperature control zoning decision unit triggers the heat input blocking mode. Optionally, solar radiation intensity is used to determine the radiative heat input absorbed by the surface, surface temperature is used to determine the temperature difference between the surface and the roadbed interior and the outside air, and external wind speed is used to correct the surface convective heat transfer intensity. The surface heat input can be comprehensively determined based on solar radiation absorption, convective heat transfer between the surface and the outside air, and long-wave radiation heat transfer at the surface.

[0136] Furthermore, when the predicted thaw risk level of the corresponding temperature-controlled zone reaches the cooling trigger level, and there are spatial units within the temperature-controlled zone that meet the preset freeze-thaw anomaly criteria, reaching the preset trigger number, the temperature-controlled zone decision unit triggers the targeted cooling mode. The preset freeze-thaw anomaly criteria include temperature anomaly criteria, moisture content anomaly criteria, strain change criteria, settlement anomaly criteria, and thaw risk criteria, and their specific establishment method is described in step 601. Compared to the heat input barrier mode, the targeted cooling mode focuses more on actively compensating for cooling in locally high-risk spatial units.

[0137] Step 404: Determine the final temperature control mode.

[0138] In step 404, when the same temperature control zone simultaneously meets the triggering conditions of multiple temperature control processing modes, the temperature control zone decision unit determines the final temperature control processing mode to be executed by the temperature control zone according to the priority order of targeted cooling mode, enhanced heat dissipation mode, suppressed heat intrusion mode, and heat input blocking mode.

[0139] Optionally, this priority order is used to address local freeze-thaw anomalies and thaw settlement risks first when multiple risk conditions occur simultaneously, followed by utilizing external low-temperature conditions for heat dissipation, and then suppressing external heat intrusion and surface heat input. By setting this priority, the temperature control treatment mode can be matched with the current risk status and external environmental conditions of the temperature control zone.

[0140] Optionally, when multiple temperature control zones need to perform temperature control processing at the same time, the temperature control zone decision unit determines the control priority of each temperature control zone from high to low according to the predicted melting and settling risk level.

[0141] Furthermore, the temperature control zoning decision unit generates zoning temperature control instructions based on the final executed temperature control processing mode. These instructions include the affected zoning zone, execution node, execution intensity, duration, switching conditions, and exit conditions. The execution node is determined based on the mapping relationship between the affected zoning zone and the temperature control execution node. The temperature control execution network executes zoning temperature control processing on the corresponding zoning zone according to the zoning temperature control instructions.

[0142] In one embodiment, steps 501 to 503 are described as follows.

[0143] Step 501: Configure the temperature control execution network and establish the mapping relationship of the scope of action.

[0144] In step 501, the temperature control execution network includes a heat pipe cooling unit, an auxiliary cooling unit, and a surface insulation control unit. When the target roadbed section has a rubble layer, the temperature control execution network includes a rubble layer ventilation and temperature control unit; when the target roadbed section has a ventilation roadbed duct, the temperature control execution network includes a ventilation roadbed temperature control unit.

[0145] The multiple temperature control execution nodes include an active cooling node formed by an auxiliary cooling unit, a cold conduction node formed by a heat pipe cold conduction unit, and a heat insulation control node formed by a surface insulation control unit. When the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the multiple temperature control execution nodes include a rubble layer ventilation node formed by a rubble layer ventilation and temperature control unit; when the target roadbed section is provided with a ventilated roadbed air duct, the multiple temperature control execution nodes include an air duct temperature control node formed by a ventilated roadbed temperature control unit.

[0146] The active cooling node is used to provide active compensation cooling to the interior of the roadbed. The cooling conduction node and the heat insulation control node are collaborative temperature control nodes; when the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the rubble layer ventilation node is a collaborative temperature control node; when the target roadbed section is provided with a ventilation roadbed air duct, the air duct temperature control node is a collaborative temperature control node.

[0147] Furthermore, the heat pipe cooling unit is used to adjust the cooling intensity inside the roadbed; specifically, the heat pipe cooling unit may include a heat pipe, a heat exchange adjustment component at the heat dissipation end, and a cooling auxiliary control component. The heat exchange adjustment component at the heat dissipation end is used to adjust the heat exchange area, ventilation conditions, or shielding status of the heat dissipation end of the heat pipe, and the cooling auxiliary control component is used to adjust the airflow status near the heat dissipation end of the heat pipe, so that the heat pipe cooling unit can form different cooling intensities under different temperature control processing modes.

[0148] The auxiliary cooling unit is used to provide active compensation cooling to the interior of the roadbed; the surface insulation control unit is used to adjust the degree of insulation, reflection and shading of the roadbed surface.

[0149] Specifically, the surface heat insulation control unit may include a heat insulation covering component, a reflective covering component, and a shading component. The heat insulation covering component is used to adjust the heat insulation covering area or thickness of the roadbed surface, the reflective covering component is used to adjust the degree of solar radiation reflection on the roadbed surface, and the shading component is used to adjust the shading range of the roadbed surface. By deploying, retracting, or adjusting the coverage range of the above components, the surface heat input of the corresponding temperature control zone is reduced.

[0150] When the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the rubble layer ventilation and temperature control unit is used to adjust the ventilation opening and closing state and ventilation and heat exchange intensity of the rubble layer according to the ventilation and heat exchange direction of the rubble layer.

[0151] Specifically, the ventilation and temperature control unit for the rubble layer may include ventilation opening and closing components, air guiding components, or auxiliary ventilation components disposed on the air inlet or outlet side of the rubble layer. The ventilation and temperature control unit controls the opening and closing state of the rubble layer ventilation or the intensity of auxiliary ventilation based on the determination result of the ventilation heat exchange direction of the rubble layer; when the ventilation of the rubble layer is conducive to the heat dissipation of the roadbed, the ventilation heat exchange intensity of the rubble layer is increased; when the ventilation of the rubble layer causes external hot air to input heat into the roadbed, the ventilation channels of the rubble layer are reduced or closed.

[0152] When the target roadbed section is equipped with a ventilation roadbed duct, the ventilation roadbed temperature control unit is used to adjust the ventilation volume and heat exchange direction of the ventilation roadbed duct.

[0153] Furthermore, the temperature control execution network is configured with a mapping relationship between the temperature control execution nodes and the spatial units in the three-dimensional spatial grid. The mapping relationship is established based on the location, radius of action, cooling capacity, heat exchange capacity of the temperature control execution nodes, the thermophysical parameters of the roadbed material, and the heat transfer paths between the spatial units.

[0154] Specifically, the scope mapping relationship can include the temperature control execution node number, node spatial location, set of applicable spatial units, intensity of effect on each spatial unit, heat transfer path length, thermal resistance of the transmission path, and response delay time. The intensity of effect of the temperature control execution node on the spatial unit is determined based on the node's output capacity, spatial distance, thermophysical parameters of the roadbed material, and thermal resistance of the heat transfer path. This scope mapping relationship is used for zoned temperature control processing and serves as the basis for subsequent screening of candidate temperature control execution nodes and determining the suitability for targeted reinforcement.

[0155] Step 502: Perform coordinated temperature control.

[0156] In step 502, when the temperature control processing mode is the enhanced heat dissipation mode, the temperature control execution network increases the cooling intensity of the corresponding temperature control zone; when the corresponding temperature control zone is equipped with a rubble layer ventilation node or a duct temperature regulation node, the temperature control execution network increases the rubble layer ventilation heat exchange intensity or the ventilation volume of the ventilated roadbed duct, so as to reduce the predicted temperature rise rate of the corresponding temperature control zone. Optionally, the cooling node enhances the internal cooling capacity of the roadbed, increases the rubble layer ventilation heat exchange intensity when a rubble layer ventilation node is configured, and increases the ventilation volume of the ventilated roadbed duct when a duct temperature regulation node is configured.

[0157] When the temperature control processing mode is the heat intrusion suppression mode, if the corresponding temperature control zone is equipped with a rubble layer ventilation node, the temperature control execution network reduces or closes the rubble layer ventilation channel between the corresponding temperature control zone and the outside high-temperature air; if the corresponding temperature control zone is equipped with a duct temperature adjustment node, the temperature control execution network reduces or closes the ventilation roadbed duct between the corresponding temperature control zone and the outside high-temperature air, so as to suppress the input of heat from the outside hot air into the roadbed.

[0158] When the temperature control processing mode is heat input barrier mode, the temperature control execution network increases the insulation coverage, reflection coverage, and shading level of the corresponding temperature control zone to reduce the amount of surface heat input. Optionally, the insulation control node adjusts the insulation, reflection, and shading levels according to the surface heat input conditions.

[0159] Step 503: Perform targeted cooling synergistic processing.

[0160] In step 503, when the temperature control processing mode is the targeted cooling mode, the temperature control execution network increases the compensation cooling intensity of the corresponding temperature control zone and provides execution conditions for the active compensation cooling of the subsequent reinforcement area.

[0161] After step 60 determines the area to be reinforced, the temperature control execution network adjusts the cooling intensity and ventilation heat exchange intensity according to the heat transfer path of the area to be reinforced, so as to reduce the predicted melting and settling risk of the corresponding temperature control zone.

[0162] Optionally, the active cooling node provides active compensation cooling to the area to be reinforced, and the coordinated temperature control node improves the cooling path and reduces cooling loss. For example, the cooling node can adjust the cooling conditions inside the roadbed, the rubble layer ventilation node and the air duct temperature control node can adjust the ventilation and heat exchange state, and the insulation control node can reduce the surface heat input. The above-mentioned coordinated adjustment is used to make the active compensation cooling more concentrated on the area to be reinforced and reduce the ineffective cooling loss in the compensation cooling process. Among them, the targeted cooling coordinated processing in step 503 is used to provide execution conditions for subsequent targeted reinforcement control. The determination of the area to be reinforced, the calculation of the target compensation cooling, and the selection of the targeted reinforcement execution node are performed according to steps 60 to 80, respectively.

[0163] In one embodiment, steps 601 to 603 are described as follows.

[0164] Step 601: Establish freeze-thaw anomaly criteria.

[0165] In step 601, the targeted reinforcement control unit establishes freeze-thaw anomaly criteria for identifying abnormal spatial units. These criteria include temperature anomaly criteria, moisture content anomaly criteria, strain change criteria, settlement anomaly criteria, and thaw settlement risk criteria.

[0166] Optionally, the criteria for judging freeze-thaw anomalies do not rely on a single indicator, but rather combine temperature, moisture, deformation, settlement, and overall risk status. By combining multiple criteria, misjudgments caused by instantaneous fluctuations in individual monitoring data can be reduced, and the accuracy of identifying areas requiring reinforcement can be improved.

[0167] Furthermore, the first to eighth anomaly thresholds, the anomaly risk level, and the preset judgment time are all determined by historical freeze-thaw damage data and on-site calibration data of the target roadbed section. See steps 6011 to 6014 for details.

[0168] Step 602: Identify anomalous spatial units.

[0169] In step 602, when any temperature control zone has a number of spatial units that meet the freeze-thaw anomaly criteria within a preset determination time that reach a preset trigger number, the targeted reinforcement control unit will treat the spatial unit as an abnormal spatial unit.

[0170] Optionally, a preset trigger number is used to indicate that a spatial unit is only identified as an abnormal spatial unit when it simultaneously meets multiple freeze-thaw anomaly criteria, thereby reducing misjudgments caused by instantaneous fluctuations in a single indicator. For example, if the temperature is only briefly close to the phase transition range but the moisture content, sedimentation, and risk level are not abnormal, it may not be immediately identified as an abnormal spatial unit; when multiple criteria such as abnormal temperature, abnormal moisture content, and abnormal freeze-thaw risk are met simultaneously, the judgment result can better reflect the true freeze-thaw risk.

[0171] Furthermore, anomalous spatial units can be located within the same temperature control zone, or distributed across different temperature control zones within the same target roadbed section. For anomalous spatial units within different temperature control zones, clustering and determination of the areas to be reinforced can be performed separately.

[0172] Step 603: Cluster the abnormal spatial units and determine the areas to be reinforced.

[0173] In step 603, the targeted reinforcement control unit clusters the abnormal spatial units according to their spatial adjacency relationship, and determines the clustered abnormal spatial unit set as the area to be reinforced.

[0174] The spatial adjacency relationship can be determined based on whether spatial units in the three-dimensional spatial mesh share boundary surfaces or boundary lines. To improve the stability of identifying the area to be reinforced, spatial units that share boundary surfaces or boundary lines can be preferentially used as the basis for adjacency judgment.

[0175] Furthermore, when multiple discontinuous abnormal spatial units exist within the same temperature control zone, they can be identified as multiple areas to be reinforced, and target compensation cooling capacity and targeted reinforcement control can be performed separately for each. Each area to be reinforced corresponds to an independent area range, freezeable water content, current temperature, and target consolidation temperature.

[0176] In one embodiment, steps 6011 to 6014 are described as follows.

[0177] Step 6011: Establish temperature anomaly criteria and moisture content anomaly criteria.

[0178] In step 6011, the targeted reinforcement control unit establishes temperature anomaly criteria and moisture content anomaly criteria.

[0179] Optionally, the temperature anomaly criteria include the duration for which the space cell temperature remains within a preset phase transition range exceeding a first anomaly threshold, and the temperature rise rate exceeding a second anomaly threshold. The first anomaly threshold is used to limit the duration for which the space cell temperature remains within the preset phase transition range, and the second anomaly threshold is used to limit the temperature rise rate of the space cell.

[0180] Furthermore, the criteria for determining anomalies in water content include water content exceeding a third anomaly threshold and a water content growth rate exceeding a fourth anomaly threshold. The third anomaly threshold is used to define the water content level of a space unit, and the fourth anomaly threshold is used to define the rate of water content growth. When a space unit simultaneously exhibits a temperature approaching the phase transition range and a water content increasing trend, it indicates that the space unit may have high freeze-thaw sensitivity.

[0181] Step 6012: Establish the strain change criterion and the settlement anomaly criterion.

[0182] In step 6012, the targeted reinforcement control unit establishes strain change criteria and settlement anomaly criteria.

[0183] Optionally, the strain change criterion includes the strain change rate exceeding a fifth anomaly threshold. The fifth anomaly threshold is used to limit the strain change rate of a spatial unit or its corresponding subgrade structural region. When the strain change rate exceeds the fifth anomaly threshold, it indicates that the corresponding spatial unit may experience frost heave, thaw settlement, or deformation anomalies under load.

[0184] Furthermore, the criteria for determining settlement anomalies include cumulative settlement exceeding the sixth anomaly threshold and settlement rate exceeding the seventh anomaly threshold. The sixth anomaly threshold limits the cumulative settlement, and the seventh anomaly threshold limits the settlement rate. When both cumulative settlement and settlement rate reach anomaly conditions simultaneously, it indicates a potential risk of continued melting and subsidence development in the area.

[0185] Step 6013: Establish criteria for assessing the risk of financial collapse.

[0186] In step 6013, the targeted reinforcement control unit establishes a melting and sinking risk criterion.

[0187] Optionally, the criterion for thaw risk includes the space unit's freeze-thaw risk index exceeding the eighth anomaly threshold, and the predicted thaw risk level of the temperature-controlled zone where the space unit is located reaching an abnormal risk level. The eighth anomaly threshold is used to limit the freeze-thaw risk index level of the space unit, and the abnormal risk level is used to limit the overall thaw risk level of the temperature-controlled zone where the space unit is located.

[0188] Furthermore, the thaw risk criterion takes into account both the freeze-thaw risk index of a single spatial unit and the predicted thaw risk level of the temperature control zone in which it is located, so that the anomaly judgment not only focuses on the risk status of the local spatial unit, but also on the overall development trend of the risk area in which it is located.

[0189] Step 6014: Determine the usage of the abnormal threshold and abnormal criteria.

[0190] In step 6014, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines the first to eighth anomaly thresholds, the anomaly risk level, and the preset judgment time based on historical freeze-thaw damage data, field calibration data, monitoring accuracy, and roadbed service safety requirements of the target roadbed section. The first to eighth anomaly thresholds are used to define the judgment boundaries for continuous temperature anomalies, abnormal temperature rise rate anomalies, abnormal moisture content anomalies, abnormal moisture content growth anomalies, abnormal strain changes, abnormal cumulative settlement anomalies, abnormal settlement rate anomalies, and abnormal freeze-thaw risk index anomalies, respectively. The anomaly risk level is used to define whether the temperature control zone where the spatial unit is located has reached the overall risk level that requires triggering targeted reinforcement judgment. The preset judgment time is used to define the time window within which the number of statistical spatial units meets the freeze-thaw anomaly criteria.

[0191] Optionally, the first to eighth anomaly thresholds can be determined based on historical monitoring data of freeze-thaw damage in the target roadbed section before the occurrence of damage, status data at the time of damage occurrence, and recovery data after damage stabilization. The anomaly risk level can be determined based on the historical thaw settlement development of the temperature control zone, road grade, and operational safety requirements. The preset judgment time can be determined based on the daily variation cycle of the plateau freeze-thaw environment, the monitoring data sampling cycle, the response time of the temperature control execution network, and the development speed of roadbed damage.

[0192] Furthermore, the targeted reinforcement control unit counts the number of times each spatial unit meets the freeze-thaw anomaly criteria within a preset judgment time. When the number of freeze-thaw anomaly criteria met by a spatial unit reaches a preset trigger number, the spatial unit meets the anomaly spatial unit judgment condition. This judgment method ensures that the identification of the area to be reinforced does not rely on a single anomaly indicator, but is triggered by multiple freeze-thaw anomaly signals.

[0193] In one embodiment, steps 701 to 703 are described as follows.

[0194] Step 701: Determine the foundation parameters of the area to be reinforced.

[0195] In step 701, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines the region range of the area to be reinforced based on the set of abnormal spatial units. Optionally, the region range of the area to be reinforced includes the number of spatial units, their spatial distribution location, length range, width range, and depth range. This region range is used to determine the volume of the area to be reinforced and is subsequently used to determine the latent heat and sensible heat of phase change.

[0196] Furthermore, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines the freezeable water content within the area to be reinforced based on moisture content data, moisture field, and soil parameters. The freezeable water content is determined by the moisture content of the area to be reinforced, the soil pore state, the freezing temperature range, and the moisture state.

[0197] Furthermore, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines the current temperature of the area to be reinforced based on the temperature field and temperature monitoring node data, and determines the target consolidation temperature based on a preset phase transition range. The target consolidation temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the preset phase transition range, and is used to characterize the target temperature conditions required for the area to be reinforced to reach a frozen consolidation state.

[0198] Step 702: Determine the latent heat of phase change, sensible heat, and cold transfer loss.

[0199] In step 702, the targeted hardening control unit determines the latent heat of phase change required for the freezeable water in the area to be hardened, the sensible heat required for the area to be hardened to decrease from the current temperature to the target consolidation temperature, and the amount of cold energy transfer loss during the process of the active cooling node transferring cold energy to the area to be hardened.

[0200] Optionally, the latent heat of phase change is determined based on the volume of the area to be reinforced, its moisture content, the proportion of freezeable water, and the latent heat parameters of water ice phase change. The sensible heat is determined based on the volume of the area to be reinforced, the equivalent density of the soil, the equivalent specific heat capacity of the soil, and the temperature difference between the current temperature and the target consolidation temperature. The cold energy transfer loss is determined based on the thermal resistance of the candidate transfer path, the candidate transfer distance, the surrounding soil temperature, and the expected cooling duration between the area to be reinforced and the candidate active cooling nodes with a range mapping relationship.

[0201] Furthermore, after determining the targeted reinforcement execution node in step 80, the feedback correction unit can correct the amount of cold energy transmission loss based on the actual transmission path thermal resistance, actual transmission distance, actual cooling duration, and temperature response of the area to be reinforced between the targeted reinforcement execution node and the area to be reinforced.

[0202] Furthermore, the aforementioned parameters are derived from data collected by the multi-source sensing unit, spatial unit parameters in the freeze-thaw digital twin model, soil test parameters, the mapping relationship of the effective range, and the operating parameters of the temperature control execution network. By incorporating the latent heat of phase change, sensible heat, and cold energy transfer loss into the calculation, the target compensation cooling capacity can simultaneously reflect the freezing demand, cooling demand, and cold energy transfer loss of the area to be reinforced.

[0203] Step 703: Determine the target compensation cooling capacity.

[0204] In step 703, the target compensation cooling capacity is determined by the latent heat of phase change required for the freezing of the freezeable water in the area to be reinforced, the sensible heat required for the area to be reinforced to decrease from the current temperature to the target consolidation temperature, and the cumulative amount of cooling loss.

[0205] In one embodiment, the target compensation cooling capacity is determined by the following formula:

[0206]

[0207] in, To compensate for the cooling capacity to the target; The latent heat of phase change required for the freezing of freezeable water in the area to be reinforced; The sensible heat required to reduce the temperature of the area to be reinforced from its current temperature to the target consolidation temperature; This represents the amount of cold energy transfer loss.

[0208] The parameters are determined based on the volume, moisture content, proportion of freezeable water, and latent heat of water-ice phase change of the area to be reinforced. The temperature is determined based on the volume of the area to be reinforced, the equivalent density of the soil, the equivalent specific heat capacity of the soil, and the temperature difference between the current temperature and the target consolidation temperature. In step 70, the thermal resistance of the candidate transmission path, the candidate transmission distance, the temperature of the surrounding soil, and the expected cooling duration between the area to be reinforced and the candidate active cooling node are determined. After the targeted reinforcement execution node is determined in step 80, it is corrected according to the actual transmission path and the actual cooling process.

[0209] Among them, the volume of the area to be reinforced is derived from the clustering results of abnormal spatial units; the moisture content is derived from the moisture content monitoring node and the moisture field; the current temperature is derived from the temperature monitoring node and the temperature field; the target consolidation temperature is determined according to the preset phase transition range; the thermal resistance of the candidate transmission path, the candidate transmission distance, the thermal resistance of the actual transmission path, and the actual transmission distance are derived from the mapping relationship of the effective range between the temperature control execution node and the spatial unit.

[0210] Calculated target compensation cooling capacity It is used for subsequent screening of targeted reinforcement execution nodes, allocation parameters for compensation cooling capacity, and determination of whether the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity has reached the target requirements.

[0211] In one embodiment, steps 801 to 803 are described as follows.

[0212] Step 801: Filter candidate temperature control execution nodes and determine the effective cooling path.

[0213] In step 801, the targeted hardening control unit filters candidate temperature control execution nodes from the temperature control execution network. The candidate temperature control execution nodes are those that have a range mapping relationship with the area to be hardened, belong to active cooling nodes, have remaining active cooling capacity, and can form an effective cooling path with the area to be hardened.

[0214] Furthermore, an effective cooling path is a heat transfer path from the candidate temperature control execution node to the area to be reinforced whose thermal resistance is lower than the cooling path threshold. The cooling path threshold is determined by the thermophysical properties of the subgrade material in the target subgrade section and field calibration data.

[0215] Optionally, if an active cooling node has remaining active cooling capacity, but the thermal resistance of its transmission path to the area to be hardened does not meet the cold conduction path threshold requirement, then that node will not be used as a targeted hardening execution node. This screening method can reduce the likelihood of situations where cooling capacity cannot effectively reach the area to be hardened.

[0216] Step 802: Determine the target reinforcement fit.

[0217] In step 802, the targeted hardening control unit determines the suitability of the targeted hardening based on the distance between the candidate temperature control execution node and the area to be hardened, the thermal resistance of the transmission path, the remaining active cooling capacity, the current workload, and the maximum output cooling capacity.

[0218] Specifically, before determining the suitability for targeted hardening, the targeted hardening control unit first sorts the candidate temperature control execution nodes in multiple levels according to the following order: thermal resistance of the transmission path from smallest to largest; distance to the area to be hardened from nearest to farthest; remaining active cooling capacity from largest to smallest; and current workload from lowest to highest. The results of the multi-level sorting are used to reflect the comprehensive priority of the candidate temperature control execution nodes in terms of cold conduction path, spatial distance, cooling capacity, and workload.

[0219] In one embodiment, the targeted reinforcement fit is determined by the following formula:

[0220]

[0221] in, For the first Targeted hardening and adaptation of candidate temperature control execution nodes; For the first Normalized value of the remaining active cooling capacity of each candidate temperature control execution node; For the first The normalized value of the maximum output cooling capacity of each candidate temperature control execution node; For the first Normalized values ​​of the distance from each candidate temperature control execution node to the area to be reinforced; For the first Normalized thermal resistance values ​​of the transmission path from each candidate temperature control execution node to the area to be reinforced; For the first Normalized values ​​of the current workload of each candidate temperature control execution node; to This is the fitness weighting coefficient.

[0222] , and Data originates from the operational status of the active cooling nodes in the temperature control execution network; and It originates from the mapping relationship of the scope of action between the temperature control execution node and the spatial unit in the three-dimensional spatial grid; to The determination is based on historical reinforcement data, on-site calibration data, and feedback correction results for the target roadbed section.

[0223] In this formula, the higher the remaining active cooling capacity and the maximum output cooling capacity, the greater the targeted hardening fit; the higher the distance to the area to be hardened, the thermal resistance of the transmission path, and the current workload, the smaller the targeted hardening fit. The calculated targeted hardening fit... Used to select targeted hardened execution nodes from candidate temperature control execution nodes, and to determine the order and proportion of compensation cooling capacity allocation for each targeted hardened execution node.

[0224] Step 803: Select the target reinforcement execution node and determine the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters.

[0225] In step 803, the targeted hardening control unit selects a targeted hardening execution node from the candidate temperature control execution nodes based on the targeted hardening adaptability. Optionally, active cooling nodes with high targeted hardening adaptability, which have not reached their maximum output cooling capacity and have an effective cooling path with the area to be hardened are preferentially selected as targeted hardening execution nodes.

[0226] Furthermore, the compensation cooling capacity is allocated in descending order of targeted hardening adaptability, under the constraint of maximum output cooling capacity. When any targeted hardening execution node reaches its maximum output cooling capacity, that node will no longer participate in the allocation of the remaining compensation cooling capacity; the targeted hardening control unit will reallocate the unallocated compensation cooling capacity to the remaining targeted hardening execution nodes that have not reached their maximum output cooling capacity, and ensure that the output of each node after allocation does not exceed its maximum output cooling capacity.

[0227] In one embodiment, steps 901 to 903 are described as follows.

[0228] Step 901: Output the compensated cooling capacity and determine the cumulative effective compensated cooling capacity.

[0229] In step 901, the targeted hardening control unit controls the targeted hardening execution node to provide the corresponding allocated compensating cooling capacity to the area to be hardened. Optionally, the compensating cooling capacity is output by the active cooling node and transferred to the area to be hardened via an effective cooling path. The coordinated temperature control node can adjust the cooling intensity and ventilation heat exchange status to reduce losses during the cooling process.

[0230] Furthermore, the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity is the cooling capacity applied to the area to be reinforced after deducting the cooling capacity transmission loss from the compensation cooling capacity output by the targeted reinforcement execution node.

[0231] In one embodiment, the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity is determined by the following formula:

[0232]

[0233] in, To accumulate effective cooling capacity; For the first The efficiency of cold energy transfer from each targeted reinforcement execution node to the area to be reinforced; For the first Compensation cooling output intensity of each targeted hardened execution node; For the first The output duration of each targeted hardening execution node.

[0234] According to the The thermal resistance of the transmission path, the transmission distance, and the thermal properties of the surrounding soil from each targeted reinforcement execution node to the area to be reinforced are determined. This is derived from the actual cooling output status of the targeted hardening execution node; The duration of control over the node by the targeted hardening control unit.

[0235] when Reaching or exceeding the target compensation cooling capacity When the system indicates that the area to be reinforced has received effective compensation cooling capacity that meets the target requirements, the system continues to determine the preset freezing and consolidation criteria; when Not achieved At this time, the targeted hardening control unit continues to control the output of the compensation cooling capacity of the targeted hardening execution node, or the feedback correction unit adjusts the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters.

[0236] Step 902: Determine the preset freezing and consolidation criteria.

[0237] In step 902, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines whether the area to be reinforced meets the preset freezing and consolidation criteria. The preset freezing and consolidation criteria include that the temperature of the area to be reinforced is not higher than the target consolidation temperature, the duration reaches the preset consolidation time, the rate of change of moisture content is lower than the consolidation stability threshold, and the settlement rate is lower than the settlement stability threshold.

[0238] Optionally, the preset consolidation time, consolidation stability threshold, and settlement stability threshold are determined based on historical reinforcement data, field calibration data, soil type, moisture content, target consolidation temperature, and roadbed service safety requirements for the target subgrade section. The preset consolidation time is used to limit the duration for which the area to be reinforced remains no higher than the target consolidation temperature; the consolidation stability threshold is used to limit whether the moisture content change in the area to be reinforced tends to stabilize; and the settlement stability threshold is used to limit whether the settlement development in the area to be reinforced is suppressed.

[0239] Furthermore, temperature conditions are used to determine whether the area to be reinforced has reached the target freezing state, duration is used to determine whether the freezing state is stable, moisture content change rate is used to determine whether moisture migration tends to stabilize, and settlement rate is used to determine whether deformation development has been suppressed.

[0240] Step 903: Determine if a frozen consolidation zone has formed.

[0241] In step 903, when the area to be reinforced meets the preset freezing and consolidation criteria, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines that the area to be reinforced has formed a freezing and consolidation zone.

[0242] Optionally, after the frozen consolidation zone is formed, the freezeable water in the area to be reinforced freezes, improving the local soil stability and reducing the migration capacity of liquid water, thereby helping to inhibit the continued development of melt settlement. If the area to be reinforced does not meet the preset frozen consolidation criteria, the feedback correction unit can correct the target compensation cooling capacity and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters according to the actual state changes of the area to be reinforced.

[0243] In one embodiment, steps 1001 to 1003 are described as follows.

[0244] Step 1001: Obtain state changes and determine model bias.

[0245] In step 1001, the feedback correction unit obtains the temperature changes, moisture content changes, strain changes, settlement changes, and cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity during the partitioned temperature control processing and targeted reinforcement process from the multi-source sensing unit.

[0246] Optionally, temperature changes are used to determine the cooling effect, moisture content changes are used to determine moisture migration and freezing stability, strain and settlement changes are used to determine whether the roadbed deformation tends to stabilize, and cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity is used to determine whether the actual cooling input meets the target compensation cooling capacity requirements.

[0247] Furthermore, the feedback correction unit compares the measured state changes with the prediction results of the freeze-thaw digital twin model to obtain the model deviation. If the temperature prediction deviation is large, the thermophysical parameters are corrected; if the moisture content change prediction deviation is large, the moisture migration parameters are corrected; if the settlement or strain prediction deviation is large, the deformation response parameters are corrected; if the ventilation heat transfer state prediction deviation is large, the ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters are corrected.

[0248] Step 1002: Correct the parameters of the freeze-thaw digital twin model and the temperature control processing mode.

[0249] In step 1002, the feedback correction unit corrects the thermophysical parameters, moisture migration parameters, deformation response parameters, and ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters in the freeze-thaw digital twin model based on the model deviation obtained in step 1001.

[0250] Furthermore, when a temperature-controlled zone fails to achieve the expected temperature control effect under the current temperature control processing mode, the feedback correction unit adjusts the mode trigger threshold, execution intensity, duration, or exit condition for that temperature-controlled zone. For example, when the temperature drop rate is lower than the predicted value under enhanced heat dissipation mode, the cooling intensity or ventilation heat transfer intensity can be increased; when external heat input still exists under the heat intrusion suppression mode, the ventilation heat transfer boundary field parameters can be adjusted; when the reduction effect of surface heat input is insufficient under the heat input blocking mode, the degree of heat insulation, reflection, or shading can be adjusted.

[0251] Step 1003: Correct the target compensation cooling capacity and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters.

[0252] In step 1003, when the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity of the area to be reinforced does not reach the target compensation cooling capacity, or the actual temperature drop rate is lower than the predicted value, or the moisture content change rate, strain recovery rate, and settlement change amount do not meet the feedback correction requirements, the feedback correction unit corrects the target compensation cooling capacity.

[0253] Among them, strain recovery rate refers to the degree of recovery of the strain abnormal state of the area to be reinforced during the targeted reinforcement process relative to the strain abnormal state before reinforcement; settlement change refers to the change in the cumulative settlement or settlement rate of the area to be reinforced during the targeted reinforcement process relative to the state before reinforcement.

[0254] Optionally, when the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity fails to reach the target compensation cooling capacity, the feedback correction unit increases the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameter or extends the cooling duration; when the actual temperature drop rate is lower than the predicted value, the feedback correction unit increases the cold energy transfer loss or extends the cooling duration; when the moisture content change rate, strain recovery rate, or sedimentation change does not meet the feedback correction requirements, the feedback correction unit corrects the parameters corresponding to the latent heat of phase change, sensible heat, or cold energy transfer loss, thereby updating the target compensation cooling capacity.

[0255] Furthermore, the feedback correction unit corrects the target compensation cooling capacity and the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters of each targeted reinforcement execution node based on the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity, temperature drop rate, moisture content change rate, strain recovery rate, and settlement change of the area to be reinforced.

[0256] Furthermore, the feedback correction unit adjusts the targeted reinforcement suitability ranking results and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters based on the actual output capacity of each targeted reinforcement execution node, changes in transmission path thermal resistance, current workload changes, and the response of the area to be reinforced. The corrected parameters are used for freeze-thaw risk prediction, temperature control, and targeted reinforcement control within the next preset time window.

[0257] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. All modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas, characterized in that, include: Multi-source sensing units are used to collect freeze-thaw status data of the target roadbed section; The freeze-thaw state prediction unit, connected to the multi-source sensing unit, is used to map the freeze-thaw state data to a three-dimensional spatial grid of the target roadbed section, construct and update a freeze-thaw digital twin model including temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field and ventilation heat transfer boundary field, and generate a freeze-thaw risk distribution within a preset time window based on the freeze-thaw digital twin model, including the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit. The preset time window is set according to the daily variation cycle of the plateau freeze-thaw environment and the response time of the temperature control execution network. The temperature control zoning decision unit is connected to the freeze-thaw state prediction unit and is used to divide the target roadbed section into multiple temperature control zones according to the freeze-thaw risk distribution, and determine the temperature control processing mode corresponding to each temperature control zone. A temperature control execution network, connected to the temperature control zone decision unit, includes multiple temperature control execution nodes, including active cooling nodes and collaborative temperature adjustment nodes. The temperature control execution network is configured with a mapping relationship between the temperature control execution nodes and the spatial units in the three-dimensional spatial grid. It is used to execute temperature control adjustment actions determined by the temperature control processing mode on the corresponding temperature control zone according to the temperature control processing mode. The temperature control adjustment actions include cold conduction adjustment, ventilation heat exchange adjustment, compensating cooling adjustment, and surface insulation adjustment. The targeted reinforcement control unit is connected to the multi-source sensing unit, the freeze-thaw state prediction unit, and the temperature control execution network. It is used to determine the area to be reinforced based on the temperature anomaly criteria, moisture content anomaly criteria, strain change criteria, settlement anomaly criteria, and thaw settlement risk criteria, and to determine the target compensation cooling capacity of the area to be reinforced. The criteria for freeze-thaw anomalies include temperature anomaly criteria, moisture content anomaly criteria, strain change criteria, settlement anomaly criteria, and thaw settlement risk criteria. The preset judgment time is a time window for the number of freeze-thaw anomaly criteria satisfied by the statistical spatial unit. When any temperature control zone has a spatial unit that meets the preset trigger number of freeze-thaw anomaly criteria within the preset judgment time, the targeted reinforcement control unit regards the spatial unit as an abnormal spatial unit and clusters the abnormal spatial units according to the spatial adjacency relationship. The clustered abnormal spatial unit set is determined as the area to be reinforced. The preset trigger quantity is a threshold number used to determine whether the number of freeze-thaw anomaly criteria satisfied by the space unit has reached the anomaly trigger condition. The target compensation cooling capacity is determined by the latent heat of phase change required for the freezing of freezeable water in the area to be reinforced, the sensible heat required for the area to be reinforced to decrease from the current temperature to the target consolidation temperature, and the cumulative amount of cold energy transfer loss. The target consolidation temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the preset phase change range. The preset phase transition interval is determined based on the soil type, moisture content, and salinity of the target roadbed section. Candidate temperature control execution nodes are those that have a range mapping relationship with the area to be reinforced, belong to active cooling nodes, have residual active cooling capacity, and can form an effective cooling path with the area to be reinforced. The effective cooling path is a heat transfer path from the candidate temperature control execution node to the area to be reinforced where the thermal resistance is lower than the cooling path threshold. Targeted reinforcement execution nodes are selected from the candidate temperature control execution nodes, the compensation cooling capacity of each targeted reinforcement execution node is determined, and the targeted reinforcement execution nodes are controlled to provide the corresponding compensation cooling capacity to the area to be reinforced. The preset freezing and consolidation criteria include the temperature of the area to be reinforced not being higher than the target consolidation temperature, the duration reaching the preset consolidation time, the rate of change of moisture content being lower than the consolidation stability threshold, and the settlement rate being lower than the settlement stability threshold; when the area to be reinforced meets the preset freezing and consolidation criteria, the targeted reinforcement control unit determines that the area to be reinforced has formed a frozen and consolidated zone. The feedback correction unit, connected to the multi-source sensing unit, freeze-thaw state prediction unit, temperature control zoning decision unit, temperature control execution network, and targeted reinforcement control unit, is used to correct the freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters, temperature control processing mode parameters, target compensation cooling capacity, and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters based on the state changes during zoning temperature control processing and targeted reinforcement.

2. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source sensing unit includes temperature monitoring nodes, moisture content monitoring nodes, strain monitoring nodes, and settlement monitoring nodes deployed in the longitudinal, lateral, and depth directions of the target roadbed section, as well as external meteorological monitoring nodes set outside the target roadbed section. When the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the multi-source sensing unit includes a rubble layer ventilation monitoring node installed in the rubble layer; When the target roadbed section is equipped with a ventilation roadbed duct, the multi-source sensing unit includes a ventilation roadbed duct monitoring node installed in the ventilation roadbed duct. The temperature data collected by the temperature monitoring node is used to update the temperature field; The moisture content data collected by the moisture content monitoring node is used to update the moisture field; The strain and settlement data collected by the strain monitoring nodes and settlement monitoring nodes are used to update the deformation response field; When the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the wind speed, wind temperature and pressure difference data collected by the rubble layer ventilation monitoring node are used to update the ventilation heat exchange boundary field; when the target roadbed section is provided with a ventilation roadbed duct, the wind speed, wind temperature, damper opening and ventilation volume data collected by the ventilation roadbed duct monitoring node are used to update the ventilation heat exchange boundary field. The external meteorological monitoring nodes collect data on external air temperature, surface temperature, solar radiation intensity, external wind speed, and precipitation to determine surface heat input conditions and external air heat input conditions. When a rubble layer is provided in the target roadbed section, the data collected by the external meteorological monitoring nodes and the data collected by the rubble layer ventilation monitoring nodes are used together to determine the ventilation and heat exchange direction of the rubble layer. When a ventilation roadbed duct is provided in the target roadbed section, the data collected by the external meteorological monitoring nodes and the data collected by the ventilation roadbed duct monitoring nodes are used together to determine the heat exchange direction of the ventilation roadbed duct.

3. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The freeze-thaw state prediction unit maps the freeze-thaw state data to the three-dimensional spatial grid and time series nodes according to the spatial location, burial depth and acquisition time, forming a spatiotemporal state matrix corresponding to the target roadbed section; The freeze-thaw state prediction unit iteratively corrects the thermophysical parameters, moisture migration parameters, deformation response parameters, and ventilation heat transfer boundary parameters in the freeze-thaw digital twin model based on the spatiotemporal state matrix. The iterative correction is based on the measured deviations of the temperature field, moisture field, and deformation response field, as well as the boundary state deviation of the ventilation and heat transfer boundary field. When the measured deviation and boundary state deviation are both lower than the corresponding synchronization error threshold after a preset number of consecutive iterations, it is determined that the preset iteration stability condition has been met, and the iteration correction ends. The synchronization error threshold is the maximum allowable deviation between the predicted values ​​and the corresponding measured values ​​of the temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field, and ventilation heat transfer boundary field; the preset number of iterations and the synchronization error threshold are determined by the historical freeze-thaw monitoring data of the target roadbed section and the model accuracy requirements.

4. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The freeze-thaw state prediction unit determines the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit based on the temperature phase transition proximity, water content change, water content growth rate, strain change rate, settlement development, and temperature rise rate within a preset time window. The temperature phase transition proximity is determined based on the distance between the current temperature of the space unit and the preset phase transition range; The freeze-thaw risk index is determined by normalizing and weighting the temperature phase transition proximity, moisture content change, moisture content growth rate, strain change rate, settlement development, and temperature rise rate within a preset time window. The weights in the weighted summation are calibrated by historical freeze-thaw damage data and dynamically corrected by the feedback correction unit. The temperature control zoning decision unit divides spatial units with a freeze-thaw risk index higher than the risk zoning threshold and spatial adjacency into the same temperature control zone. Spatial adjacency means that spatial units share a boundary surface or boundary line. The risk zoning threshold is determined based on historical freeze-thaw damage data and field calibration data of the target roadbed section. The temperature control zoning decision unit determines the predicted thaw risk level of the temperature control zone based on the maximum value of the freeze-thaw risk index, the average value of the freeze-thaw risk index, the number of continuous spatial units, the continuous length, the continuous area, and the continuous volume within the same temperature control zone.

5. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature control processing modes include enhanced heat dissipation mode, heat intrusion suppression mode, heat input blocking mode, and targeted cooling mode. When the external temperature is lower than the average temperature at a preset depth within the corresponding temperature control zone, and the maximum value of the freeze-thaw risk index within the temperature control zone is higher than the heat dissipation trigger threshold, the temperature control zone decision unit triggers an enhanced heat dissipation mode. The preset depth is determined by the upper limit of permafrost depth in the target roadbed section and on-site calibration data; When the external temperature is higher than the average temperature at a preset depth within the corresponding temperature control zone, and the ventilation and heat exchange status of the rubble layer or ventilation roadbed duct indicates that the heat input direction is from the outside to the inside of the roadbed, the temperature control zone decision unit triggers the heat intrusion suppression mode. When the solar radiation intensity is higher than the solar radiation trigger threshold, the surface temperature is higher than the surface temperature trigger threshold, and the surface heat input determined by the solar radiation intensity, surface temperature and external wind speed is higher than the surface heat input trigger threshold, the temperature control zoning decision unit triggers the heat input blocking mode. When the predicted melt-settling risk level of the corresponding temperature control zone reaches the cooling trigger level, and the number of spatial units in the temperature control zone that meet the freeze-thaw anomaly criteria reaches the preset trigger number, the temperature control zone decision unit triggers the targeted cooling mode. The heat dissipation trigger threshold, solar radiation trigger threshold, surface temperature trigger threshold, surface heat input trigger threshold, cooling trigger level, and preset trigger quantity are determined by historical freeze-thaw damage data and on-site calibration data of the target roadbed section. When the same temperature control zone simultaneously meets the triggering conditions of multiple temperature control processing modes, the temperature control zone decision unit determines the final temperature control processing mode to be executed by the temperature control zone according to the priority order of targeted cooling mode, enhanced heat dissipation mode, heat intrusion suppression mode, and heat input blocking mode.

6. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature control execution network includes a heat pipe cooling unit, an auxiliary cooling unit, and a surface insulation control unit; when the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the temperature control execution network includes a rubble layer ventilation and temperature regulation unit; when the target roadbed section is provided with a ventilation roadbed duct, the temperature control execution network includes a ventilation roadbed temperature regulation unit. The plurality of temperature control execution nodes include an active cooling node formed by the auxiliary cooling unit, a cold conduction node formed by the heat pipe cold conduction unit, and a heat insulation control node formed by the surface heat insulation control unit; when the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the plurality of temperature control execution nodes include a rubble layer ventilation node formed by the rubble layer ventilation and temperature control unit; when the target roadbed section is provided with a ventilated roadbed air duct, the plurality of temperature control execution nodes include an air duct temperature control node formed by the ventilated roadbed temperature control unit; the cold conduction node, the heat insulation control node, and the rubble layer ventilation node and air duct temperature control node provided in the corresponding roadbed structure are all collaborative temperature control nodes; The heat pipe cooling unit is used to adjust the cooling intensity inside the roadbed; the auxiliary cooling unit is used to provide active compensation cooling capacity to the inside of the roadbed; the surface insulation control unit is used to adjust the insulation, reflection and shading degree of the roadbed surface; when the target roadbed section is provided with a rubble layer, the rubble layer ventilation temperature control unit is used to adjust the ventilation opening and closing state and ventilation heat exchange intensity of the rubble layer according to the ventilation heat exchange direction of the rubble layer; when the target roadbed section is provided with a ventilation roadbed duct, the ventilation roadbed temperature control unit is used to adjust the ventilation volume and heat exchange direction of the ventilation roadbed duct.

7. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the enhanced heat dissipation mode, the temperature control execution network increases the heat conduction intensity of the corresponding temperature control zone; when the corresponding temperature control zone is equipped with a slab layer ventilation node, it increases the ventilation heat exchange intensity of the slab layer; when the corresponding temperature control zone is equipped with a duct temperature adjustment node, it increases the ventilation volume of the ventilation roadbed duct to reduce the predicted temperature rise rate of the corresponding temperature control zone. In the heat intrusion suppression mode, when the corresponding temperature control zone is equipped with a rubble layer ventilation node or a duct temperature regulation node, the temperature control execution network reduces or closes the rubble layer ventilation channel or ventilation roadbed duct between the corresponding temperature control zone and the outside high-temperature air, so as to suppress the input of heat from the outside hot air into the roadbed. In the heat input blocking mode, the temperature control execution network increases the heat insulation coverage, reflective coverage, and shading degree of the corresponding temperature control zone to reduce the amount of heat input to the ground surface. In the targeted cooling mode, the temperature control execution network increases the compensatory cooling intensity of the corresponding temperature control zone and provides execution conditions for the active compensatory cooling of the subsequent reinforcement area.

8. The roadbed temperature control system for coping with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature anomaly criteria include the duration of the space unit's temperature being within a preset phase transition range exceeding a first anomaly threshold, and the rate of temperature increase exceeding a second anomaly threshold; the moisture content anomaly criteria include the moisture content exceeding a third anomaly threshold, and the rate of increase in moisture content exceeding a fourth anomaly threshold; the strain change criteria include the strain change rate exceeding a fifth anomaly threshold; the settlement anomaly criteria include the cumulative settlement exceeding a sixth anomaly threshold, and the settlement rate exceeding a seventh anomaly threshold; the thaw settlement risk criteria include the freeze-thaw risk index of the space unit exceeding an eighth anomaly threshold, and the predicted thaw settlement risk level of the temperature control zone where the space unit is located reaching an abnormal risk level. The targeted hardening control unit determines the targeted hardening adaptability of each candidate temperature control execution node, selects a targeted hardening execution node from the candidate temperature control execution nodes based on the targeted hardening adaptability, and determines the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters based on the targeted hardening adaptability and the maximum output cooling capacity, so that the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity received by the area to be hardened reaches the target compensation cooling capacity.

9. A method for roadbed temperature control and reinforcement to cope with the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas, characterized in that, The steps include the following: S1, collect freeze-thaw status data at different longitudinal, lateral and depth positions of the target roadbed section; S2, map the freeze-thaw state data to the three-dimensional spatial grid of the target roadbed section, construct and update the freeze-thaw digital twin model, the freeze-thaw digital twin model includes temperature field, moisture field, deformation response field and ventilation heat transfer boundary field; S3, Calculate the freeze-thaw risk index of each spatial unit within a preset time window based on the freeze-thaw digital twin model, and generate the freeze-thaw risk distribution; S4. Spatial units with a freeze-thaw risk index higher than the risk zone threshold and which are spatially adjacent and continuous are divided into the same temperature control zone. The spatially adjacent and continuous means that the spatial units share a boundary surface or boundary line. The predicted thaw risk level of the corresponding temperature control zone is determined according to the freeze-thaw risk index of the spatial units in each temperature control zone, and the temperature control treatment mode is determined according to the predicted thaw risk level, external meteorological conditions and ventilation and heat exchange status. S5, according to the temperature control processing mode, control the temperature control execution network including multiple temperature control execution nodes to perform partition temperature control processing on the corresponding temperature control partition; S6, based on whether the spatial units in each temperature control zone meet the preset temperature anomaly criteria, moisture content anomaly criteria, strain change criteria, settlement anomaly criteria, and melting settlement risk criteria, determine whether there are areas that need to be reinforced; S7, when there is an area to be reinforced, determine the target compensation cooling capacity based on the area range of the area to be reinforced, the content of freezeable water, the current temperature and the target consolidation temperature; S8. Determine candidate temperature control execution nodes from the temperature control execution network. The candidate temperature control execution nodes are temperature control execution nodes that belong to active cooling nodes, have active compensation cooling capabilities, and can form an effective cooling path with the area to be reinforced. Based on the distance between the candidate temperature control execution node and the area to be reinforced, the thermal resistance of the transmission path, the remaining active cooling capacity, the current workload, and the maximum output cooling capacity, the targeted reinforcement suitability is determined, and the targeted reinforcement execution node and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters are selected based on the targeted reinforcement suitability. In step S8, the candidate temperature control execution nodes are sorted in multiple levels according to the following order: thermal resistance of transmission path from small to large, distance to the area to be reinforced from near to far, remaining active cooling capacity from large to small, and current workload from low to high. The target reinforcement adaptability of each candidate temperature control execution node is determined based on the results of the multiple levels of sorting. The target compensation cooling capacity is allocated to each target reinforcement execution node in descending order of target reinforcement adaptability, and under the constraint of maximum output cooling capacity. When any targeted hardening execution node reaches its maximum output cooling capacity, the unallocated compensation cooling capacity will be redistributed according to the targeted hardening adaptation of the targeted hardening execution node that has not reached its maximum output cooling capacity. S9, control the targeted reinforcement execution node to provide the corresponding allocated compensation cooling capacity to the area to be reinforced, so that the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity received by the area to be reinforced reaches the target compensation cooling capacity, and the temperature of the area to be reinforced is not higher than the target consolidation temperature, the duration reaches the preset consolidation time, the rate of change of moisture content is lower than the consolidation stability threshold, and the settlement rate is lower than the settlement stability threshold, so as to form a frozen consolidation zone; wherein, the cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity is the compensation cooling capacity output by the targeted reinforcement execution node minus the cooling capacity transmission loss and the cooling capacity applied to the area to be reinforced; S10, based on the temperature changes, moisture content changes, strain changes, settlement changes and cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity during the zoned temperature control treatment and targeted reinforcement process, feedback corrections are made to the freeze-thaw digital twin model, freeze-thaw risk index calculation parameters, temperature control treatment mode parameters, target compensation cooling capacity and compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters. In step S10, the target compensation cooling capacity and the compensation cooling capacity allocation parameters of each targeted reinforcement execution node are corrected based on the temperature drop rate, moisture content change rate, strain recovery rate, settlement change, and cumulative effective compensation cooling capacity of the area to be reinforced.

10. The method for roadbed temperature control and reinforcement in response to the freeze-thaw environment of high-altitude areas according to claim 9, characterized in that, During the system initialization phase, based on the location, radius of action, cooling capacity, heat exchange capacity, thermal properties of the roadbed material, and heat transfer paths between spatial units, a mapping relationship of the effective range between the temperature control execution node and the spatial units in the three-dimensional spatial grid is established.

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