Siphon type high slope highway sponge system and water storage method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a siphon-type high-slope highway sponge system and its water storage method. The system includes a pavement infiltration unit, a slope runoff unit, a siphon water regulation unit, and a sponge water storage unit. The pavement infiltration unit is located in the water-stabilized layer and includes a grid-like drainage channel. Four-way connectors at the intersections connect the pipes, allowing the collected rainwater to drain to the roadside. The slope runoff unit includes a variable-diameter siphon pipe, which creates negative pressure by discharging air through the diameter change, accelerating the slope runoff and quickly transporting rainwater from the top of the slope to the drainage ditch at the bottom. The siphon water regulation unit is located in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope and includes a receiving platform, a lifting device, and a soft plug. The receiving platform is placed over the drainage pipe, and the lifting device drives the soft plug to seal the receiving platform, creating negative pressure inside the platform and directing the collected rainwater into the drainage pipe. The sponge water storage unit includes a storage tank, a drainage pipe, and municipal pipelines. The drainage pipe collects rainwater into the storage tank, where it is filtered and then discharged into the municipal pipelines for recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drainage construction technology for highway engineering, and more specifically, relates to a siphon-type high slope highway sponge system and its water storage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion and construction of mountain highway networks, the number of highway projects involving high slopes is constantly increasing. The requirements for ensuring highway traffic flow, drainage efficiency, and slope ecological management are also gradually rising, especially in mountainous sections with abundant rainfall. Conventional high-slope highways typically have a limited drainage system. Rainwater from the slope naturally flows along the slope to the drainage ditches at the bottom, leading to a significant increase in drainage pressure. The road surface often uses a scattered drainage method. If the slope control during construction is flawed, localized water accumulation can easily occur, affecting vehicle safety and, in the long term, eroding the road structure and shortening its lifespan.

[0003] Current research on road drainage and sponge city storage technologies largely focuses on urban road scenarios, with a significant lack of specialized drainage technologies for mountainous and high-slope highways. The integration of technologies related to siphon drainage mechanisms, pavement surface infiltration structures, and automated drainage management is relatively low. While some existing solutions attempt to apply siphon principles or sponge city concepts to highway drainage, they generally suffer from complex structures and cumbersome construction procedures. Furthermore, they fail to adapt to the elevation differences of high slopes, making it difficult to quickly create siphon negative pressure to improve drainage efficiency. Simultaneously, most solutions rely on manual operation and maintenance, unable to dynamically start and stop siphon drainage based on water levels, and struggle to simultaneously achieve the dual goals of rainwater resource storage and slope protection.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need at present for a siphon-type sponge system for high slope highways, which can integrate the technical approaches of road surface infiltration and drainage, siphon-accelerated drainage and sponge water storage and circulation, to solve the common problems in the industry such as difficult drainage, large water accumulation hazards and high slope instability risks of high slope highways in mountainous areas, and realize unmanned management of highway drainage, controllable drainage height and recycling of rainwater resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of insufficient drainage efficiency, frequent water accumulation on the road surface, and structural collapse caused by slope runoff in existing technologies for mountainous high-slope highways, this invention provides a siphon-type high-slope highway sponge system and its water storage method to solve these problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a siphon-type high slope highway sponge system, comprising: a pavement infiltration unit located within a water-stabilized layer, including drainage channels, wherein multiple sets of drainage channels are crisscrossed to form a grid-like water collection network, and four-way connectors are provided at the intersections to connect the pipelines, thereby directionally transporting the infiltrated and collected rainwater to the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope; and a slope confluence unit, including a variable-diameter siphon pipe, which is longitudinally arranged along the slope surface of the high slope, with its two ends connected to the drainage ditch at the top of the slope and the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope, respectively; the diameter of the variable-diameter siphon pipe gradually transitions from a large diameter to a small diameter along the water flow direction, thereby quickly expelling air from the pipe to form negative pressure, accelerating the transport of water collected at the top of the slope. The system includes a drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope; a siphon water regulating unit installed in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope, which includes a water receiving platform, a lifting device, and a soft plug. The water receiving platform is covered on the drainage pipe. The lifting device drives the soft plug to move upward and block the air vent of the water receiving platform. This allows the water in the chamber of the water receiving platform to flow into the drainage pipe under the action of gravity and expel the air, quickly forming a negative pressure. Rainwater in the ditch is continuously drawn in through the surrounding water inlets and sent into the water storage unit through the drainage pipe. When the water level drops, the soft plug automatically resets and blocks the water inlet of the drainage pipe; and a sponge water storage unit, which includes a water storage tank and municipal pipelines. The drainage pipe collects rainwater into the water storage tank, and after filtration, it is discharged into the municipal pipelines for recycling.

[0007] Furthermore, the water receiving platform is provided with multiple sets along the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope. It is an inverted square cylindrical structure, which is completely covered above the water inlet end of the drainage pipe and its shape is adapted to the cross section of the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope. Its two sides are fixedly connected to the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope. The bottom of the water receiving platform has serrated water intake ports on the four sides, so that the water receiving platform and the water in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope are kept in communication.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting device is located on the upper part of the water receiving platform, and its output end is fixedly connected to the soft plug, which drives the soft plug to block the top water inlet of the drain pipe or block the air vent on the upper part of the water receiving platform.

[0009] Furthermore, the siphon water regulation unit also includes a water level sensor and a solar power module; the water level sensor is located at a corresponding height within the water receiving platform to monitor the water level in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope in real time; the solar power module is electrically connected to the lifting device and the water level sensor, and is laid on the top of the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope or around the roadbed, using solar photovoltaic conversion to provide operating power for the siphon water regulation unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage trough is a square tube structure made of steel with pressure-bearing capacity, and its top is evenly and densely covered with seepage holes, the diameter of which is smaller than the aggregate size of the asphalt mixture.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the drainage channel is provided with a connector; the four-way connector has holes around its perimeter, and the connector at the end of the drainage channel is inserted into the corresponding hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the sponge water storage unit also includes a main connecting pipe, which is detachably installed in the water storage tank in the vertical direction, and its side wall is connected to the water outlet end of the drain pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the main connecting pipe is provided with multiple through holes and a filter layer on its outer periphery. When rainwater seeps out through the through holes in the pipe, it passes through the filter layer to complete the purification and finally flows into the water storage space of the reservoir.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the main connecting pipe is provided with a ventilation observation hole, through which maintenance personnel can observe the water level, water quality, and filter layer siltation in the pool; the municipal pipeline is connected to the upper end of the water storage tank, and after the water level in the water storage tank reaches the designed storage limit, the excess purified rainwater flows into the municipal pipeline.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for water storage of a siphon-type high slope highway sponge system is also provided, comprising the following steps: S1: Rainwater from the road surface infiltrates through the asphalt surface layer, and is collected through the grid-like drainage channels embedded in the water-stabilized layer and the four-way connector before entering the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope. S2: By using the gradual change in diameter of the variable-diameter siphon pipe from large to small, the air inside the pipe is quickly discharged. Combined with the natural elevation difference of the high slope, negative pressure is quickly formed to trigger the siphon, and the water collected at the top of the slope is quickly transported to the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope. S3: When the water level in the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope reaches the threshold of the water level sensor, the lifting device drives the soft plug to move upward to block the air vent of the water receiving platform. The water in the chamber flows into the drainage pipe under the action of gravity and the air is vented, which quickly forms a negative pressure. The rainwater in the ditch is continuously sucked in through the surrounding water inlets and sent into the water storage unit through the drainage pipe. When the water level drops, the soft plug automatically resets and blocks the water inlet of the drainage pipe. S4: The drainage pipe directs rainwater into the main connecting pipe, where it passes through the filter layer for purification before flowing into the water storage tank for fixed-amount storage; when the water level exceeds the storage limit, it automatically overflows and connects to the municipal pipeline for external discharge. S5: Purifies rainwater for irrigation and road maintenance; during operation and maintenance, the sediment at the bottom of the main connecting pipe can be cleaned through the ventilation observation hole.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention achieves accelerated discharge of slope runoff through the variable diameter siphon pipe of the slope runoff unit. The pipe adopts a structure with a large opening radially and a small opening gradually changing, which can quickly squeeze out the air inside the pipe when rainwater flows in, forming a stable negative pressure in a short time to trigger the siphon effect. Compared with traditional gravity drainage, it significantly improves the transport efficiency of water collected at the top of the slope. This design can quickly relieve the runoff pressure of the drainage ditch at the top of the slope, reduce the continuous scouring of the slope by rainwater, avoid structural instability of the slope due to long-term water accumulation, and effectively reduce the risk of water damage to high slopes.

[0017] 2. The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention adopts an embedded grid drainage structure for its pavement infiltration unit. The steel drainage channel with seepage holes is embedded in the water-stabilized layer, and a fully covered water collection network is formed through four-way connectors. It can quickly collect rainwater infiltrating under the asphalt surface layer and transport it in a directional manner to the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope. It does not require damage to the original main structure of the road, effectively solves the problem of local water accumulation on the road surface caused by the deviation of the construction slope, ensures the safety of vehicle passage, reduces the erosion of the pavement structure layer by water accumulation, and helps to extend the service life of the road.

[0018] 3. The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention, by being equipped with a siphon water regulation unit, can realize fully automatic unmanned control of drainage conditions; the water level sensor monitors the water level of the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope in real time, and when the water level reaches the preset threshold, it automatically triggers the lifting device to drive the soft plug to switch to the siphon accelerated drainage mode, and automatically resets to standby when the water level drops; the whole system is powered by a solar power module, without the need for an external municipal power supply, and is suitable for remote deployment scenarios on mountain roads, can accurately control the water level in the ditch, and avoid the ditch overflowing under heavy rainfall.

[0019] 4. The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention constructs a complete rainwater storage and reuse system. Rainwater transported by siphon enters the storage tank through the main connecting pipe, is purified step by step through the filter layer, and is stored. After the weather clears, it can be pumped out for slope greening irrigation, road surface maintenance, and other operations, realizing the core functions of sponge highways in terms of storage and utilization. At the same time, the unit is equipped with a municipal pipeline connected to the storage tank as an overflow channel. When the water level in the tank reaches the upper limit of storage, the excess rainwater automatically overflows and is discharged into the municipal pipe network, which not only avoids the overflow of the storage tank but also plays a role in peak shaving and regulation, alleviating the drainage pressure downstream.

[0020] 5. The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of this invention features seamless integration and strong adaptability among its functional units. Construction does not require damage to the original main structure of the road and slope, and the procedures are simple and easy to operate, significantly reducing construction complexity and costs compared to existing similar solutions. Simultaneously, the system is convenient and efficient to operate and maintain. Drainage channel inspection and filter layer dredging can be completed by partially removing asphalt or through ventilation observation holes, eliminating the need for large-scale structural excavation. While solving common problems in the drainage industry for high slope highways in mountainous areas, it also considers safety, ecological, and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the slope confluence unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the siphon-controlled drainage unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operating status of the siphon-controlled drainage unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the road surface infiltration unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a connection structure diagram of the drainage channel and the four-way connector in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-Road infiltration unit, including: 11-drainage channel, 111-water infiltration hole, 112-insertion pipe, 12-four-way connector, 121-insertion hole; 2-Slope drainage unit, including: 21-Slope top drainage ditch, 22-Slope bottom drainage ditch, 23-Reducing diameter siphon pipe; 3-Siphon water regulating unit, including: 31-Water receiving platform, 32-Lifting device, 33-Soft plug, 34-Water level sensor, 35-Water intake port, 36-Solar power supply module; 4-Sponge water storage unit, including: 41-Water storage tank, 42-Main connecting pipe, 43-Drainage pipe, 44-Filter layer, 45-Ventilation observation hole, 46-Municipal pipeline; 5-Asphalt surface layer; 6-Water-stabilized layer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1-7As shown, this invention discloses a siphon-type high-slope highway sponge system, including a pavement infiltration unit 1, a slope runoff collection unit 2, a siphon water regulation unit 3, and a sponge water storage unit 4. The pavement infiltration unit 1 is located within a water-stabilized layer 6 and includes multiple sets of drainage channels 11. These channels crisscross to form a grid-like water collection network, with four-way connectors 12 connecting the pipes at the intersections to discharge the collected rainwater into the roadside. The slope runoff collection unit 2 includes a slope top drainage ditch 21, a slope bottom drainage ditch 22, and a variable-diameter siphon pipe 23. The variable-diameter siphon pipe 23 uses its diameter change to quickly expel air and create negative pressure, accelerating slope runoff and transporting rainwater from the slope top drainage ditch 21 to the slope bottom drainage ditch 22. The siphon water regulation unit 3 is located within the slope... The bottom drainage ditch 22 includes a water receiving platform 31, a lifting device 32, and a soft plug 33. The water receiving platform 31 is fitted over the drainage pipe 43. The lifting device 32 on the platform drives the soft plug 33 to seal the water receiving platform 31, allowing the drainage pipe 43 to conduct drainage. A negative pressure is formed inside the water receiving platform 31, which inputs the rainwater collected from the top of the slope and the infiltrated rainwater collected in the bottom drainage ditch 22 into the drainage pipe 43. The sponge water storage unit 4 includes a water storage tank 41, a drainage pipe 43, and a municipal pipeline 46. The drainage pipe 43 collects rainwater into the water storage tank 41, and after filtration, it is directly discharged into the municipal pipeline for recycling. The sponge structure of this invention can achieve the coordinated operation of the entire process of infiltration, storage, and drainage without damaging the original structure of the road and slope, realizing unmanned management of highway drainage, controllable drainage height, and recycling of rainwater resources.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 6-7 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the road surface infiltration unit 1 is installed inside the road water-stabilized layer 6. It can quickly collect rainwater infiltrating from the asphalt surface layer 5 and transport it to the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope without damaging the original road structure, thus eliminating the risk of road surface water accumulation at the source. The road surface infiltration unit 1 includes a drainage channel 11 and a four-way connector 12.

[0026] The drainage trough 11 is a square tubular structure made of pressure-bearing steel, capable of withstanding the loads of road structure layer paving and vehicle traffic, and adaptable to the stress requirements of highway construction and operation. Furthermore, the top of the drainage trough 11 is evenly and densely covered with seepage holes 111, the diameter of which is smaller than the aggregate size of the asphalt mixture. This ensures that rainwater can smoothly seep into the trough while preventing asphalt particles, road sand, gravel, and debris from entering the trough and causing blockage. Furthermore, the end of the drainage trough 11 is provided with a plug pipe 112, which is a standardized plug-in interface for quick assembly with the four-way connector 12, and can also drain rainwater from the drainage trough 11.

[0027] When constructing and laying out the drainage ditch 11, multiple sets of drainage ditch 11 are arranged in a staggered manner along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the road to form a fully covered grid-like water collection network. The entire ditch is embedded into the uppermost water-stabilized layer 6 according to the road design paving slope. After the ditch is installed and positioned and the node connection is completed, the upper asphalt surface layer 5 is paved to make the infiltration unit and the road structure layer form an integrated structure.

[0028] The four-way connector 12 is located at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse drainage channels 11 to achieve continuous connection of the multi-directional drainage channels 11. The four-way connector 12 has insertion holes 121 around its perimeter. The insertion pipe 112 at the end of the drainage channel 11 is directly inserted into the corresponding insertion hole 121, achieving rapid assembly through a plug-in connection. This eliminates the need for complex welding or anchoring processes, making construction, installation, and subsequent replacement and maintenance simple and efficient. Through the node connection of the four-way connector 12, all independent drainage channels 11 form a complete and continuous grid-like infiltration channel, which can uniformly collect rainwater infiltrating from different areas of the road and directionally transport it along the designed slope to the slope bottom drainage ditch 22 on the side of the road, where it merges with the rainwater flowing from the slope and flows into the subsequent siphon water regulation system.

[0029] Under rainfall conditions, rainwater falling on the asphalt surface layer 5 seeps downwards through the surface layer pores and enters the drainage channel 11 through the seepage holes 111 on the top surface of the drainage channel 11. The rainwater entering the drainage channel 11 flows along the road slope, and after being collected and regulated in the grid channel through the four-way connector 12, it is discharged uniformly to the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope, completing the entire process of rainwater infiltration and transfer on the road surface. This unit can quickly drain water from the road surface, avoiding local water accumulation problems caused by construction slope deviations, while not damaging the original road structure system. Later maintenance only requires removing the corresponding asphalt surface layer to carry out channel inspection and unblocking operations.

[0030] like Figure 1-3 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the slope confluence unit 2 utilizes the natural elevation difference of the high slope in the mountainous area to quickly transport the rainwater collected at the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, effectively mitigating the scouring force of rainwater on the slope surface, reducing the risk of structural instability caused by waterlogging of the slope, and providing a stable water source for the downstream siphon water regulation unit 3; the slope confluence unit 2 includes a slope top drainage ditch 21, a slope bottom drainage ditch 22, and a variable diameter siphon pipe 23.

[0031] The slope top drainage ditch 21 is located at the top of the high slope and serves as the front-end water collection structure for the slope confluence. It is mainly used to collect the natural runoff from the top of the slope and the runoff rainwater from above the slope surface, thus concentrating and collecting the scattered rainwater from the slope surface. This provides a stable water source for the variable diameter siphon pipe 23 and at the same time prevents rainwater from directly scouring the slope surface, thus playing a preliminary interception and protection role.

[0032] The slope bottom drainage ditch 22 is located at the toe of the high slope and is a centralized collection node for slope runoff and road surface infiltration. On the one hand, it receives the rainwater runoff from the top of the slope transported by the variable diameter siphon pipe 23, and on the other hand, it receives the road surface infiltration rainwater discharged by the road surface infiltration unit 1. After the two types of rainwater are collected here, they enter the downstream siphon water regulation unit 3 for subsequent regulation, drainage and sponge storage.

[0033] The variable diameter siphon pipe 23 is laid longitudinally along the slope surface of the high slope, and its two ends are connected to the top drainage ditch 21 and the bottom drainage ditch 22 respectively. The variable diameter siphon pipe 23 adopts a variable diameter structure, and the pipe diameter gradually transitions from a large diameter to a small diameter in the direction of water flow. This structure can quickly squeeze out the residual air in the pipe when rainwater flows into the pipe body by means of the pipe diameter contraction. With the cooperation of the elevation difference of the high slope, a negative pressure is quickly formed in the pipe, which quickly triggers the siphon effect.

[0034] Under rainfall conditions, when the water level in the slope top drainage ditch 21 rises and rainwater enters the variable-diameter siphon pipe 23, the flow velocity increases as the water passes through the variable-diameter section, and the air inside the pipe is quickly expelled, forming a stable siphon negative pressure in a short time. Under the combined effect of negative pressure suction and gravity difference, rainwater in the slope top drainage ditch 21 can be continuously and rapidly transported to the slope bottom drainage ditch 22, significantly improving the drainage efficiency of the slope confluence and preventing slope top overflow and slope collapse or structural instability caused by prolonged rainwater erosion when rainfall is excessive. In the operation of the overall structure, the slope confluence unit 2 does not require additional power drive; it can achieve accelerated siphon drainage simply by cooperating with the variable-diameter structure and terrain elevation difference. Without damaging the original slope structure, it significantly improves the confluence and discharge capacity of high mountain slopes, reducing the risk of slope damage from the source.

[0035] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4-5 As shown, the siphon water regulating unit 3 can dynamically trigger the siphon drainage operation according to the water level in the ditch, which can greatly improve the drainage rate during heavy rainfall without the need for manual operation, and accurately control the water level of the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope; the siphon water regulating unit 3 includes a water receiving platform 31, a lifting device 32, a soft plug 33, a water level sensor 34, a water intake 35, and a solar power module 36.

[0036] The water receiving platform 31 is provided in multiple sets along the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope. It is an inverted square cylindrical structure, which is completely covered above the water inlet end of the drainage pipe 43 and its shape is adapted to the cross-section of the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope. Its two sides are fixedly connected to the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope. Furthermore, the bottom of the water receiving platform 31 has serrated water inlets 35 on its four sides, so that the water receiving platform 31 and the water in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope are kept in communication. Under normal circumstances, rainwater in the ditch can freely enter and exit the interior of the water receiving platform 31, so that the water level in the chamber is consistent with the water level in the ditch. Siphon operation mode The lower chamber can form a closed space, providing a sealed condition for the generation of negative pressure. After the siphon negative pressure is formed, the rainwater in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope can be quickly drawn into the chamber through the surrounding water inlets 35 and then flow into the drainage pipe 43. At the same time, the opening size of the water inlets 35 can intercept large-diameter debris in the rainwater, reducing the risk of blockage in subsequent pipelines and water storage tanks, and reducing the difficulty of dredging and maintenance. Furthermore, a vent is opened at the center of the top of the water receiving platform 31, which, together with the soft plug 33, makes the internal chamber of the water receiving platform 31 form a sealed space.

[0037] The lifting device 32 is located on the upper part of the water receiving platform 31, and there are 3 sets in total. The lower end is fixedly connected to the soft plug 33. It can receive control commands to drive the soft plug 33 to move vertically up and down. By changing the sealing position of the soft plug 33, the flow and siphon working modes can be switched.

[0038] The soft plug 33 is fixedly installed at the output end of the lifting device 32 and has good sealing adaptability. Under normal closed conditions, the soft plug 33 is in a low position, blocking the top inlet of the drain pipe 43 and isolating the connection between the chamber of the water receiving platform 31 and the drain pipe 43; when a siphon start command is received, the soft plug 33 moves upward with the lifting device 32 and switches to blocking the vent at the top of the water receiving platform 31, disconnecting the connection between the chamber and the outside atmosphere, so that a sealed space is formed inside the water receiving platform 31.

[0039] The water level sensor 34 is installed at a corresponding height within the water receiving platform 31 to monitor the water level in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope in real time. When rainfall increases and the water level in the ditch rises to a preset threshold, the water level sensor 34 triggers a control signal to issue an action command to the lifting device 32, thereby automatically starting the siphon operation. When the water level falls back to a low level, a reset signal is triggered simultaneously, and the control unit exits the siphon mode.

[0040] The solar power module 36 is electrically connected to the lifting device 32 and the water level sensor 34. It is laid on the top of the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope or around the roadbed. It uses solar photovoltaic power to provide operating power for the siphon water regulating unit 3. It does not require an external municipal power supply, is suitable for remote deployment scenarios on mountain roads, and ensures the stable operation of the siphon water regulating unit 3 under long-term unattended operation.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, when the rainfall is low, the water level in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope of the siphon water regulating unit 3 is lower than the trigger threshold of the water level sensor 34. The soft plug 33 is in a low position to block the drainage pipe 43, and the rainwater in the ditch can be naturally discharged through the conventional channels around the water receiving platform 31. The unit is in a standby flow state. When the water level rises to the set height of the water level sensor 34 during heavy rainfall, the water level sensor 34 sends a signal, and the lifting device 32 drives the soft plug 33 to move upward to block the upper vent of the water receiving platform 31, forming a sealed space in the chamber. The water in the chamber of the water receiving platform 31 flows into the drainage pipe 43 under the action of gravity. The internal air is expelled, creating a rapid negative pressure within the chamber. Under the siphon effect, rainwater in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope is continuously and rapidly drawn into the chamber through the surrounding suction inlets 35, and then transported to the downstream sponge water storage unit 4 via the drainage pipe 43, achieving high-flow-rate accelerated drainage. When the rainfall weakens and the water level in the ditch drops to a low level, air is introduced into the water receiving platform 31 to restore the air pressure balance, and the siphon effect automatically terminates. The water level sensor 34 triggers a reset command, and the lifting device 32 drives the soft plug 33 to descend and fall back, resealing the drainage pipe 43. The unit returns to its normal standby state, waiting for the next water level trigger. The siphon water regulating unit 3 achieves fully automatic unmanned control of siphon drainage through the combination of intelligent sensing and mechanical execution. At the same time, the negative pressure suction significantly improves the discharge efficiency of water collected at the bottom of the slope, effectively avoiding the risk of slope instability caused by overflowing drainage ditches and waterlogging at the foot of the slope during heavy rainfall.

[0042] The sponge water storage unit 4 is used to realize rainwater storage and purification, overflow regulation and resource reuse. It includes a water storage tank 41, a main connecting pipe 42, a drainage pipe 43, a filter layer 44, a ventilation observation hole 45 and a municipal pipeline 46.

[0043] The reservoir 41 is a closed underground water storage structure used to collect rainwater that is accelerated and discharged by the siphon water regulation unit 3, forming a stable rainwater collection space. It provides water reserves for subsequent rainwater irrigation, road maintenance and other resource utilization, while buffering the instantaneous runoff peak under heavy rainfall and reducing the discharge pressure on the downstream drainage network.

[0044] The main connecting pipe 42 is detachably installed vertically within the water storage tank 41. Its sidewall is connected to the outlet end of the drain pipe 43. The lower end of the pipe has multiple through holes and a filter layer 44 on its outer periphery. Rainwater seeps out through the through holes and is purified by the filter layer 44 before finally flowing into the water storage space of the water storage tank 41. The silt and debris intercepted by the filter layer 44 mainly settle at the bottom of the main connecting pipe 42, allowing for centralized cleaning during maintenance without requiring extensive tank cleaning.

[0045] The drainage pipe 43 is the main water supply pipe between the upstream siphon water regulating unit 3 and this unit. Its upper end is connected to the bottom chamber of the water receiving platform 31, and its lower end extends into the water storage tank 41 and connects to the side wall of the main connecting pipe 42. Under siphon operation, rainwater in the slope bottom drainage ditch 22 enters the chamber of the water receiving platform 31 through the water inlet 35, and is then transported at high speed to the main connecting pipe 42 through the drainage pipe 43 under the continuous suction of the siphon negative pressure.

[0046] The filter layer 44 is arranged around the lower end of the main connecting pipe 42. It is a purification component composed of multi-stage filter media, which can filter rainwater flowing in through the drainage pipe 43 step by step, intercepting silt, fine suspended solids, and road debris carried in the rainwater, effectively purifying the water quality of the stored rainwater, and ensuring that the rainwater reused later meets the requirements for greening irrigation and road maintenance. The intercepted impurities are mainly deposited in the bottom area of ​​the main connecting pipe 42. During the operation and maintenance phase, tools can be inserted through the ventilation observation hole 45 for manual cleaning to maintain the long-term stable filtration efficiency of the filter layer.

[0047] The ventilation observation hole 45 is located at the top of the main connecting pipe 42, communicating with the outside atmosphere. It serves three functions: pressure balance, operational condition observation, and maintenance. Regarding pressure balance, this hole maintains the internal pressure of the water storage tank 41 and the main connecting pipe 42 consistent with the external atmospheric pressure, providing the necessary pressure conditions for the formation of the siphon and continuous negative pressure suction of the upstream siphon water regulating unit 3. This prevents the formation of a closed space within the tank, which could lead to siphon interruption and ensures a stable and continuous siphon effect. For operational condition observation, maintenance personnel can directly observe the water level, water quality, and filter layer siltation through this hole, allowing them to monitor the unit's operating status without excavation. For maintenance, after a sunny day, tools can be inserted through this hole to clean impurities deposited at the bottom of the main connecting pipe 42 and to carry out tank maintenance work, significantly reducing maintenance difficulty and costs.

[0048] The municipal pipeline 46 serves as the overflow discharge channel for the water storage tank 41. It is connected to the upper end of the water storage tank 41. When heavy rainfall continues and the water level in the water storage tank 41 reaches the designed storage limit, the excess purified rainwater flows into the municipal pipeline 46 and is included in the unified discharge and scheduling of the municipal rainwater pipe network system. This not only avoids the risk of backflow caused by the overflow of the water storage tank, but also allows the surplus rainwater to be included in the urban rainwater resource planning system.

[0049] The high slope highway sponge system of the present invention performs rainwater storage operations. During rainfall, the drainage trough 11 embedded in the water-stabilized layer 6 of the road surface infiltration unit 1 collects the road surface rainwater infiltrating from the asphalt surface layer 5 through the top surface infiltration holes 111. After being collected through the grid channel composed of four-way connectors 12, it is transported to the slope bottom drainage ditch 22. At the same time, the slope top drainage ditch 21 of the slope collection unit 2 collects the rainwater collected on the slope surface. Through the variable diameter siphon pipe 23 arranged along the slope surface, the pipe diameter shrinks and the terrain elevation difference is quickly utilized. The rapid discharge of air from the pipe creates a siphonic negative pressure, accelerating the transport of rainwater from the top of the slope to the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope for centralized collection. When the water level in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope rises to the threshold set by the water level sensor 34, the lifting device 32 of the siphon water regulating unit 3 moves the soft plug 33 upward to block the air vent at the top of the water receiving platform 31, creating a sealed space inside the water receiving platform 31. Under the action of gravity, the water inside the space falls along the drainage pipe 43 and discharges the air in the chamber, forming a stable siphonic negative pressure. Rainwater collected inside is continuously and rapidly drawn into the chamber through the suction inlets 35 around the side wall of the water receiving platform 31, and then transported to the main connecting pipe 42 of the sponge water storage unit 4 via the drainage pipe 43. The rainwater flowing into the main connecting pipe 42 seeps out through the perforations at the lower end of the pipe, passes through the filter layer 44 to complete the interception and purification of silt and suspended solids, and then flows into the water storage tank 41 to complete the quota storage. When heavy rainfall causes the water level of the water storage tank 41 to reach the design storage limit, the excess purified rainwater flows into the upper overflow channel. The municipal pipeline 46 discharges and regulates the entire process. The air pressure balance between the pool and the outside is maintained by the ventilation observation hole 45 at the top of the main connecting pipe 42, ensuring the stable and continuous operation of the upstream siphon. During sunny and rainless periods, the purified rainwater stored in the reservoir 41 can be extracted for slope greening irrigation, road surface maintenance, and other operations to achieve rainwater resource recycling. Maintenance personnel can use the ventilation observation hole 45 to insert tools to clean the trapped impurities deposited at the bottom of the main connecting pipe 42, completing system maintenance and function reset.

[0050] The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention achieves accelerated discharge of slope runoff through the variable diameter siphon pipe 23 of the slope runoff unit 2. The pipe adopts a structure with a large opening radially and a small opening gradually changing, which can quickly squeeze out the air inside the pipe when rainwater flows in, forming a stable negative pressure in a short time to trigger the siphon effect. Compared with traditional gravity drainage, it significantly improves the transport efficiency of water collected at the top of the slope. This design can quickly relieve the runoff pressure of the drainage ditch 21 at the top of the slope, reduce the continuous scouring of the slope by rainwater, avoid structural instability of the slope due to long-term water accumulation, and effectively reduce the risk of water damage to high slopes.

[0051] The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention has an embedded grid drainage structure in its pavement infiltration unit 1. The steel drainage channel 11 with seepage holes 111 is embedded in the water-stabilized layer 6, and a fully covered water collection network is formed by the four-way connector 12. It can quickly collect rainwater infiltrating from the asphalt surface layer 5 and transport it to the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope. It does not require damage to the original main structure of the road, effectively solves the problem of local water accumulation on the road surface caused by the deviation of the construction slope, ensures the safety of vehicle passage, reduces the erosion of the pavement structure layer by water accumulation, and helps to extend the service life of the road.

[0052] The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system of the present invention, by means of a siphon water regulation unit 3, can realize fully automatic unmanned control of drainage conditions; the water level sensor 34 monitors the water level of the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope in real time, and when the water level reaches the preset threshold, it automatically triggers the lifting device 32 to drive the soft plug 33 to switch to the siphon accelerated drainage mode, and automatically resets to standby when the water level drops; the whole system is powered by a solar power module 36, without the need for an external municipal power supply, and is suitable for remote deployment scenarios on mountain roads, can accurately control the water level in the ditch, and avoid the ditch overflowing under heavy rainfall.

[0053] The siphon-type high-slope highway sponge system of this invention constructs a complete rainwater storage and reuse system. Rainwater transported by siphon enters the storage tank 41 through the main connecting pipe 42, and is stored after being purified step by step through the filter layer 44. After the weather clears, it can be pumped out for slope greening irrigation, road surface maintenance, and other operations, realizing the core functions of sponge highways in terms of storage and utilization. At the same time, the unit is equipped with a municipal pipeline 46 connected to the storage tank 41 as an overflow channel. When the water level in the tank reaches the upper limit of storage, the excess rainwater automatically overflows and is discharged into the municipal pipe network, which not only avoids the overflow of the storage tank but also plays a role in peak shaving and regulation, alleviating the drainage pressure downstream.

[0054] The siphon-type high-slope highway sponge system of this invention features seamless integration and strong adaptability among its functional units. Construction requires no damage to the original main structure of the road and slope, and the process is simple and easy to operate, significantly reducing construction complexity and costs compared to existing similar solutions. Simultaneously, the system is convenient and efficient to operate and maintain. Inspection of the drainage channel 11 and dredging of the filter layer 44 can be completed by partially removing the asphalt or the ventilation observation hole 45, eliminating the need for large-scale structural excavation. While solving common problems in the drainage industry for high-slope highways in mountainous areas, it also considers safety, ecological, and economic benefits.

[0055] This invention also provides a water storage method for a siphon-type high slope highway sponge system, comprising the following steps: S1: Rainwater from the road surface infiltrates through the asphalt surface layer 5, and is collected through the grid-like drainage channel 11 embedded in the water-stabilized layer 6 and the four-way connector 12 before entering the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope. S2: With the help of the gradual change in diameter of the variable siphon pipe 23, the air inside the pipe is quickly discharged. Combined with the natural elevation difference of the high slope, negative pressure is quickly formed to trigger the siphon, and the water collected at the top of the slope is quickly transported to the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope. S3: When the water level in the drainage ditch 22 at the bottom of the slope reaches the threshold of the water level sensor 34, the lifting device 32 drives the soft plug 33 to move upward to block the air vent of the water receiving platform 31. The water in the chamber flows into the drainage pipe 43 under the action of gravity and the air is vented, quickly forming a negative pressure. The rainwater in the ditch is continuously sucked in through the surrounding water inlets 35 and sent into the water storage unit through the drainage pipe 43. When the water level drops, the soft plug 33 automatically resets and blocks the water inlet of the drainage pipe 43. S4: Drainage pipe 43 guides rainwater into main connecting pipe 42, and after passing through filter layer 44 for purification, it flows into water storage tank 41 for fixed storage; when the water level exceeds the storage limit, it automatically overflows and connects to municipal pipeline 46 for external discharge. S5: Purifies rainwater for irrigation and road maintenance; during operation and maintenance, the sediment at the bottom of the main connecting pipe 42 can be cleaned through the ventilation observation hole 45.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A siphon type high slope highway sponge system, characterized in that, include: The road surface infiltration unit (1) located in the water-stabilized layer (6) includes a drainage ditch (11). Multiple drainage ditches (11) are interwoven to form a grid-like water collection network. Four-way connectors (12) are provided at the intersection points to connect the pipelines and transport the rainwater collected by infiltration to the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope. The slope confluence unit (2) includes a variable diameter siphon (23), which is laid longitudinally along the slope surface of the high slope and connected to the top drainage ditch (21) and the bottom drainage ditch (22) respectively at both ends. The diameter of the variable diameter siphon (23) gradually transitions from a large diameter to a small diameter along the water flow direction, thereby quickly discharging the air in the pipe to form a negative pressure, accelerating the transport of the water collected at the top of the slope to the bottom drainage ditch (22). The siphon water regulating unit (3) located in the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope includes a water receiving platform (31), a lifting device (32) and a soft plug (33). The water receiving platform (31) is covered on the drainage pipe (43). The lifting device (32) drives the soft plug (33) to move upward to block the air vent of the water receiving platform (31), so that the water in the chamber of the water receiving platform (31) flows into the drainage pipe (43) under the action of gravity and the air is vented, and a negative pressure is quickly formed. The rainwater in the ditch is continuously sucked through the surrounding water inlets (35) and sent into the water storage unit through the drainage pipe (43). When the water level drops, the soft plug (33) automatically resets and blocks the water inlet of the drainage pipe (43). And a sponge water storage unit (4), which includes a water storage tank (41) and a municipal pipeline (46). The drain pipe (43) collects rainwater into the water storage tank (41), and after filtration, it is discharged into the municipal pipeline (46) for recycling.

2. The siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to claim 1, wherein, The water receiving platform (31) is provided in multiple sets along the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope. It is an inverted square cylindrical structure, which is completely covered above the water inlet end of the drainage pipe (43). Its shape is adapted to the cross section of the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope. Its two sides are fixedly connected to the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope. The bottom of the water receiving platform (31) has sawtooth-shaped water inlets (35) on the four sides, so that the water receiving platform (31) and the water in the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope are kept in communication.

3. The siphonic high embankment highway sponge system according to claim 2, wherein, The lifting device (32) is located on the upper part of the water receiving platform (31), and its output end is fixedly connected to the soft plug (33), which drives the soft plug (33) to block the top water inlet of the drain pipe (43) or block the air vent on the upper part of the water receiving platform (31).

4. The siphonic high embankment highway sponge system according to claim 2, wherein, The siphon water regulating unit (3) also includes a water level sensor (34) and a solar power module (36); the water level sensor (34) is located at a corresponding height in the water receiving platform (31) and is used to monitor the water level in the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope in real time; the solar power module (36) is electrically connected to the lifting device (32) and the water level sensor (34), and is laid on the top of the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope or around the roadbed, and provides operating power to the siphon water regulating unit (3) through solar photovoltaic conversion.

5. A siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The drainage channel (11) is a square tube structure made of steel with pressure bearing capacity. Its top is evenly and densely covered with water seepage holes (111). The diameter of the water seepage holes (111) is smaller than the aggregate size of the asphalt mixture.

6. A siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The end of the drainage channel (11) is provided with a plug pipe (112); the four-way connector (12) is provided with a plug hole (121) around its perimeter, and the plug pipe (112) at the end of the drainage channel (11) is inserted into the corresponding plug hole (121).

7. A siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The sponge water storage unit (4) also includes a main connecting pipe (42), which is detachably installed in the water storage tank (41) in the vertical direction, and its side wall is connected to the water outlet of the drain pipe (43).

8. A siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower end of the main connecting pipe (42) is provided with multiple through holes and a filter layer (44) is provided on the outer periphery. When rainwater seeps out through the through holes of the pipe, it passes through the filter layer (44) to complete the purification and finally flows into the water storage space of the water storage tank (41).

9. A siphon-type high slope highway sponge system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main connecting pipe (42) is provided with a ventilation observation hole (45) at the top. The maintenance personnel can observe the water level, water quality and filter layer siltation in the pool through the ventilation observation hole (45). The municipal pipeline (46) is connected to the upper end of the water storage tank (41). After the water level in the water storage tank (41) reaches the designed storage limit, the excess purified rainwater flows into the municipal pipeline (46).

10. A water storage method for a siphon-type high-slope highway sponge system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Rainwater from the road surface infiltrates through the asphalt surface layer (5), and is collected by the grid-like drainage channel (11) embedded in the water-stabilized layer (6) and the four-way connector (12) before entering the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope. S2: By using the variable diameter siphon (23) with a gradual structure from large to small pipe diameter, the air inside the pipe is quickly discharged. Combined with the natural elevation difference of the high slope, negative pressure is quickly formed to trigger the siphon, and the water collected at the top of the slope is quickly transported to the drainage ditch at the bottom of the slope (22). S3: When the water level in the drainage ditch (22) at the bottom of the slope reaches the threshold of the water level sensor (34), the lifter (32) drives the soft plug (33) to move upward to block the air inlet of the water receiving platform (31). The water in the chamber flows into the drain pipe (43) under the action of gravity and empties the air, quickly forming a negative pressure. The rainwater in the ditch is continuously sucked through the surrounding water inlets (35) and sent into the water storage unit through the drain pipe (43). When the water level drops, the soft plug (33) automatically resets and blocks the water inlet of the drain pipe (43). S4: The drain pipe (43) guides rainwater into the main connecting pipe (42), and after passing through the filter layer (44) to complete the purification, it flows into the water storage tank (41) for fixed storage; when the water level exceeds the storage limit, it automatically overflows and connects to the municipal pipeline (46) for external discharge; S5: Purify rainwater and extract it for greening irrigation and road maintenance; during operation and maintenance, the impurities deposited at the bottom of the main connecting pipe (42) can be cleaned through the ventilation observation hole (45).

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