A vertical slot fishway composite structure adapted to dynamic water level conditions

Abstract

The application relates to a vertical-seam fishway composite structure suitable for dynamic water level conditions and belongs to the technical field of fishways. The fishway composite structure comprises a main flow channel and an overflow water supplement channel. The main flow channel and the overflow water supplement channel are arranged side by side, a shared wall is arranged between the main flow channel and the overflow water supplement channel, the main flow channel comprises an upstream side and a downstream side, an overflow port is arranged at the top of the upstream side of the shared wall, a water supplement bottom port is arranged at the bottom of the downstream side of the shared wall, an opening and closing gate is arranged at the upstream side port of the overflow water supplement channel, an energy dissipation plate is arranged on the side of the shared wall facing the overflow water supplement channel, the energy dissipation plate comprises a first part and a second part which are connected in sequence, the first part is connected to the shared wall, the first part and the second part are arranged in a bent mode, and the water supplement bottom port is arranged on the inner bending side of the energy dissipation plate. The internal hydraulic condition of the fishway can be kept relatively stable in the dynamically changing external environment, and the fishway fish passing success rate is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fishway technology, specifically relating to a vertical slit fishway composite structure that adapts to dynamic water level conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways are key engineering measures to mitigate the blocking effect of dams and restore the longitudinal connectivity of rivers. Vertical slotted fishways are widely used due to their simple structure and good energy dissipation effect. However, in actual operation, especially for fishways serving daily regulating power stations, the upstream and downstream water levels fluctuate frequently due to the operation and scheduling of reservoirs. Traditional vertical slotted fishways are designed based on constant water level, and their flow capacity and flow field structure are fixed. Under dynamic water level conditions, they show obvious deficiencies: (1) When the upstream water level rises, the head difference between the pool chambers increases, causing the flow velocity of the main vertical slot to far exceed the upper limit of fish tolerance, forming a "hydraulic barrier"; (2) When the number of power generation units of the power station increases, the downstream water level rises, the overall flow velocity in the river increases, the influence range of the fishway inlet and outlet decreases, and the fish-attracting effect decreases; (3) When the fishway responds to water level changes, it does not change uniformly, but the water level changes abruptly at the inlet and outlet sections, which easily causes the flow velocity to increase and the flow state to become turbulent.

[0003] While some existing technologies have attempted to improve water flow patterns within fishways by optimizing vertical slit dimensions or adding guide plates, these methods are mostly passive and static improvements, unable to respond to real-time changes in water level. For example, patent CN202510476854.5 proposes a composite baffle structure that uses a special shape to achieve vertical stratification of flow velocity to enhance adaptability, but its structural function is fixed and its control capabilities are limited. Therefore, developing a new fishway structure that can actively adapt to water level fluctuations and possess dynamic adjustment capabilities has become a key technological requirement for improving the ecological efficiency of fishways.

[0004] Furthermore, the inventors' developed technical solution involves an overflow outlet with an interception structure. During practical research, the inventors discovered that when the overflow outlet is applied to a branch of the spillway, the swirling water creates a slow-flow zone, making it easy for debris to accumulate and become stuck at the interception structure. Common debris includes floating objects such as dead branches and leaves, aquatic plants, and attached debris such as moss and spirulina. Especially during the flood season when water levels rise, the water carries a large amount of terrestrial debris, making the interception structure even more prone to accumulation, potentially leading to blockage and reduced overflow efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical slotted fishway composite structure that adapts to dynamic water level conditions. This fishway composite structure can adaptively adjust the internal hydraulic conditions of the fishway according to dynamic changes in water level.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This application provides a vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions, including a main flow channel and an overflow replenishment channel. The main flow channel and the overflow replenishment channel are arranged side-by-side, with a common wall between them. The main flow channel includes an upstream side and a downstream side. An overflow outlet is provided at the top of the common wall near the upstream side, and a replenishment outlet is provided at the bottom of the common wall near the downstream side. A switch gate is provided at the port of the overflow replenishment channel near the upstream side. An energy dissipation plate is provided on the side of the common wall facing the overflow replenishment channel. The energy dissipation plate includes a first part and a second part connected in sequence. The first part is connected to the common wall, and the first and second parts are bent. The replenishment outlet is located on the inner bend side of the energy dissipation plate.

[0007] In some embodiments, a baffle is provided in the main flow channel, the baffle including a first baffle and a second baffle, and a main flow vertical slit is formed between the first baffle and the second baffle.

[0008] In some embodiments, the switch is configured to be remotely controllable.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are multiple overflow outlets and water inlet outlets.

[0010] In some embodiments, the overflow outlet is an overflow weir.

[0011] In some embodiments, the overflow port is provided with an interception component.

[0012] In some embodiments, the interception assembly includes an interception fence and a cleaning structure. The interception fence includes a plurality of spaced-apart vertical bars, with a horizontal bar connecting adjacent vertical bars. The cleaning structure includes two sliding members, each comprising a buoyancy material, movably connected to the vertical bars, with each sliding member engaging with a different vertical bar, and a cleaning cable positioned between the two sliding members.

[0013] In some embodiments, the sliding component includes two opposing mating parts, with two limiting arms spaced apart between the mating parts. A vertical rod is disposed between the two limiting arms, and multiple strip grooves are spaced apart between the limiting arms. A mating part is inserted into each strip groove and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the strip groove. The rotation axis of the mating part is perpendicular to the extension direction of the vertical rod. An elastic element is disposed between the mating part and the mating part. The mating parts of the two opposing mating parts are arranged opposite each other. Between the two opposing mating parts, one of them is provided with a limiting part, and the other is provided with a positioning part. The positioning part is disposed between the limiting part and the mating part with the limiting part. The mating part is provided with a wire hole. A cleaning steel cable connects the two mating parts located on the same side of the interception fence and passes through the wire hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, receiving grooves are provided on opposite sides of the two mating parts on the same side of the interception fence, the receiving grooves are connected to the strip grooves, and the cleaning steel cable passes through the receiving grooves.

[0015] In some embodiments, the surface of the cleaning cable is provided with bristles.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Enhanced Adaptive Capability of Fishway to Dynamic Water Levels: Through a unique "dual-tank parallel" layout and "overflow-replenishment" loop design, active and bidirectional regulation of water level fluctuations is achieved. When the upstream water level rises, the flow is diverted to "shave the peak," and when the downstream water level rises, the flow is replenished to "stabilize the flow," ensuring that the hydraulic conditions (flow velocity, water depth) inside the fishway remain relatively stable in a dynamically changing external environment, solving the problem of traditional fishways "paying attention to one aspect while neglecting another."

[0018] 2. Improve the ecological passage efficiency of fishways: Provide fish with a more predictable and less volatile migration environment. On the one hand, it avoids the "hydraulic barrier" caused by high-speed water flow, and on the other hand, it prevents the failure of induction due to weak water flow, which is expected to improve the success rate of fish passage under different water level changes.

[0019] 3. High structural integration and strong engineering feasibility: Overflow and water replenishment functions are achieved through orifices on the shared sidewalls and independent overflow-water replenishment channels, which are tightly integrated with the main flow channel structure without significantly increasing the footprint. This solution is suitable for both new fishways and as a high-efficiency module for upgrading existing traditional fishways.

[0020] 4. This invention provides a continuous and stable water flow channel by setting up a flow channel with a fixed slope, allowing water to flow smoothly along the channel. This design helps to control the overall flow velocity distribution within the fishway, reduces the impact on fish caused by sudden changes in water flow, and ensures the overall operational stability of the fishway.

[0021] 5. By using the overflow outlet to release water, the main impact energy can be dispersed, reducing the risk of high-speed water flow erosion of the fishway sidewalls and bottom plate, and extending the service life of the fishway.

[0022] 6. The energy dissipation plate dissipates the energy of the water flow entering the main flow channel, allowing the water to flow smoothly into the main flow channel, reducing turbulence, eddies, and water jumps, and lowering the risk of fish being swept away or injured by turbulent currents. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical slotted fishway composite structure adapted to dynamic water level conditions according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2This is a side view of the vertical slotted fishway composite structure adapted to dynamic water level conditions according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 The diagram shows the flow field distribution in the pool chamber under operating conditions 1 and 2 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a cloud map showing the difference in water depth along the path between the fishway of this application embodiment and the traditional vertical slot fishway in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cloud map comparing the inlet and outlet water flow of the fishway in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and a traditional vertical slotted fishway.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the average flow velocity distribution along the main flow vertical joint in operating conditions 1 and 2 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interception component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the interception component (with bristles removed) of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point B;

[0033] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point C;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the interception component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged view of point D.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1-Main flow channel, 2-Overflow water supply channel, 3-Overflow outlet, 4-First part, 5-Second part, 6-Energy dissipation plate, 7-First partition, 8-Second partition, 9-Partition, 10-Main flow vertical joint, 11-Common wall, 12-Overflow weir, 13-Water supply bottom outlet, 14-Fishway inlet, 15-Fishway outlet, 16-Horizontal bar, 17-Vertical bar, 18-Interception fence, 19-Sliding component, 20-Cleaning steel cable, 21-Brush bristles, 22-Matching part, 23-Strip channel, 24-Receiving channel, 25-Matching part, 26-Limiting arm, 27-Limiting part, 28-Positioning part, 29-Wire hole. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0039] This application provides a vertical slotted fishway composite structure adapted to dynamic water level conditions, including a main flow channel 1 and an overflow replenishment channel 2. The main flow channel 1 and the overflow replenishment channel 2 are arranged side by side, and a common wall 11 is provided between the main flow channel 1 and the overflow replenishment channel 2. The main flow channel 1 includes an upstream side and a downstream side. An overflow outlet 3 is provided at the top of the common wall 11 near the upstream side, and a replenishment bottom outlet 13 is provided at the bottom of the common wall 11 near the downstream side. A switch gate is provided at the port of the overflow replenishment channel 2 near the upstream side. An energy dissipation plate 6 is provided on the side of the common wall 11 facing the overflow replenishment channel 2. The energy dissipation plate 6 includes a first part 4 and a second part 5 connected in sequence. The first part 4 is connected to the common wall 11, and the first part 4 and the second part 5 are bent. The replenishment bottom outlet 13 is provided on the inner bent side of the energy dissipation plate 6.

[0040] The main flow channel 1 serves as the primary channel for fish migration, allowing migrating fish to travel from downstream to upstream.

[0041] The main flow channel 1 and the overflow water supply channel 2 can be separated by an inner side wall, which forms a common wall 11. Of course, the main flow channel 1 and the overflow water distribution channel can also be provided with outer side walls on both sides, so that the two can form a channel structure.

[0042] The overflow replenishment tank 2 is used to divert water from the main flow channel 1 when the water flow in the main flow channel 1 is large, and to replenish water to the main flow channel 1 when the water flow in the main flow channel 1 is small. Specifically, when the water flow in the main flow channel 1 is large, overflow can be allowed through the overflow port 3 to divert water from the main flow channel 1. When the water flow in the main flow channel 1 is small, water can be replenished to the main flow channel 1 through the replenishment bottom port 13. The downstream port of the overflow replenishment tank 2 can be in an open state.

[0043] The water flow velocity at overflow outlet 3 is relatively high, which greatly disturbs the surface water flow in the main flow channel 1, but has less disturbance to the water flow below overflow outlet 3. The water flow remains relatively regular in shape and has a clear mainstream area.

[0044] The water flow at the bottom water inlet 13 has a disturbing effect on the bottom water flow of the overflow channel.

[0045] The section of the main flow channel 1 with the overflow outlet 3 can be the overflow section, and the section with the water replenishment outlet 13 can be the water replenishment section. The overflow-water replenishment structure formed by the overflow and water replenishment channels 2 only affects the flow pattern and flow field distribution in the pool chambers of the main flow channel 1 in the overflow section and the water replenishment section. The closer to the downstream side (fishway inlet) and the upstream side (fishway outlet 15) of the main flow channel 1, the more obvious the influence of the water replenishment outlet 13 and the overflow outlet 3 on the flow pattern. The water flow in the pool chamber in the middle is stable, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption of fish migration, improve the success rate of upstream migration, and ensure the safe passage of different fish species, thus significantly improving the overall operating efficiency and ecological benefits of the fishway.

[0046] The net width of the main overflow channel 1 can be set to 3 meters and the slope can be set to 3%. The net width of the overflow water supply channel 2 can be set to 0.7 meters and the slope can be the same as that of the main overflow channel 1.

[0047] When the reservoir is filled with water, the gate is closed, the upstream water level rises, and the port of the overflow replenishment channel 2 near the upstream side is closed, with water flowing only into the main flow channel 1. At this time, the water flow in the main flow channel 1 increases, the upstream water level rises, and the water can be diverted from the overflow outlet 3, making the water flow in the main flow channel 1 smoother. The average flow velocity on the downstream side of the main flow channel 1 (fishway inlet 14 side) decreases, avoiding the risk of fish being unable to enter the fishway due to excessive flow velocity. After the overflow water enters the overflow replenishment channel 2, most of it is discharged from the overflow replenishment channel 2, while a small portion can be refilled into the main flow channel 1 through the bottom replenishment hole, smoothing out local head differences and avoiding the risk of excessive fluctuations in upstream and downstream water levels, reducing the occurrence of turbulence, eddies, and hydrostatic jumps.

[0048] Furthermore, the overflow outlet 3 can disperse the mainstream impact energy, reduce the risk of high-speed water flow erosion of the fishway sidewalls and bottom plate, and extend the service life of the fishway.

[0049] When reservoir discharge or increased tailwater causes downstream water levels to rise, the overall flow velocity in the river channel increases. At this time, the fishway inlet in the main flow channel 1 may be submerged, and the outflow influence range on the downstream side of the main flow channel 1 (fishway inlet 14 side) decreases, weakening the velocity advantage of the attracting water flow. When the gate is opened, reservoir water flows into the overflow replenishment channel 2, and then replenishes the downstream side of the main flow channel 1 (fishway inlet 14 side) through the replenishment bottom outlet 13. At this time, the average flow velocity at the fishway inlet 14 side increases, increasing the outflow influence range, and the resulting induced flow helps attract fish into the main flow channel 1.

[0050] The first section 4 and the second section 5 are bent to allow the energy dissipation plate 6 to dissipate energy from the water flow. That is, when the water flows into the inner bend formed by the first section 4 and the second section 5, it will first collide with the first section 4 and the second section 5 to slow down, and then enter the water inlet 13. This can reduce the water flow velocity entering the main flow channel 1 from being too fast, which would cause the water flow at the fishway inlet 14 to be too fast, disturb the flow pattern of the main flow channel, impact the main flow area of ​​the fishway, and affect the fish's upstream movement.

[0051] For example, the first part 4 and the second part 5 can be arranged vertically to form an L-shaped structure.

[0052] In some embodiments, a baffle 9 is provided in the main flow channel 1. The baffle 9 includes a first baffle 7 and a second baffle 8, and a main flow vertical slit 10 is formed between the first baffle 7 and the second baffle 8.

[0053] The first baffle 7 and the second baffle 8 can be staggered along the length of the main flow channel 1. The two adjacent baffles 9 together with the side wall form a classic vertical slit pool structure, providing fish with rest and sprint units for swimming upstream in stages.

[0054] In this embodiment, the height of the baffle 9 can be adapted to the depth of the main flow channel 1. For example, in this embodiment, the depth of the main flow channel 1 can be 3.5 meters, so the height of the baffle 9 can also be 3.5 meters. The longitudinal slope of the main flow channel 1 can be 3%, the net width of the main flow channel 1 can be 3 meters, and the net width of the overflow water supply channel 2 can be 0.7 meters, with the same slope as the main flow channel 1.

[0055] The width of the main flow vertical slit 10 can be designed to be 0.5 meters, the distance between two adjacent first partitions 7 can be 2.7 meters, and similarly, the distance between two adjacent second partitions 8 is also 2.7 meters.

[0056] In some embodiments, the switch is configured to be remotely controllable.

[0057] For example, water level sensors can be installed upstream and downstream of the reservoir to detect water level changes, and then a processor can control the operation of the gate. That is, when the water level rises (i.e., water is being stored), the gate is closed; when the water level drops (i.e., water is being discharged) or the wake increases, the gate is opened.

[0058] This allows the fishway composite structure of this embodiment to be adaptively adjusted, so that the hydraulic conditions (flow velocity, water depth) inside the main flow channel 1 remain relatively stable in the dynamically changing external environment, solving the problem of traditional fishways "at the expense of one thing".

[0059] In this embodiment, the gate can be a technologically mature product selected from existing technologies. It should be noted that the specific working principle of how the processor controls the gate via the water level sensor is well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] In this embodiment, the overflow outlet 3 and the bottom water inlet 13 can be configured as flow-adjustable types. Combined with the gate control system, different control strategies, ranging from completely passive response to intelligent active regulation, can be implemented to meet the needs of various engineering applications, from simple to complex. For example, a weir or gate can be installed at the overflow outlet 3 to allow for active and precise control of the overflow flow rate based on real-time water level or flow velocity monitoring data. This enhances the fishway's adaptability to different water level changes and ensures the efficient operation of the ecological channel.

[0061] In some embodiments, the overflow port 3 and the water inlet 13 are configured as multiple.

[0062] Setting up multiple overflow outlets 3 and water inlet 13 allows for more precise adjustment of the water level in the main flow channel 1, avoiding large fluctuations in water level and improving the stability of the hydraulic conditions in the main flow channel 1.

[0063] In some embodiments, overflow outlet 3 is overflow weir outlet 12.

[0064] The overflow weir 12 can make the water flowing into the overflow replenishment tank 2 flow smoothly, with uniform flow velocity and small water level fluctuations.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] There are four overflow outlets 3 and four water inlets 13. The overflow outlets 3 are located in the four pool chambers near the fish passage outlet 15, that is, the four pool chambers are the overflow section. The water inlets 13 are located in the four pool chambers near the fish passage inlet 14, that is, the four pool chambers are the water inlet section.

[0067] Assuming that the water depth at both the fishway inlet and outlet is 2 meters, this is considered a normal operating condition. The operating conditions of rising water levels on both the upstream and downstream sides are simulated, with other environmental conditions remaining unchanged. The water level changes are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1. Numerical Simulation Calculation Operating Conditions

[0069] 1 1.8 2 3 The upstream water level rose by 1 meter, and the sluice gate was closed. 2 1.48 3 2 The downstream water level rose by 1 meter, and the sluice gate was in the open position.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, the flow field in the middle chamber of the fishway in both operating conditions 1 and 2 is stable, while the flow field in the lower and middle layers of the overflow section and the upper and middle layers of the water replenishment section is relatively stable.

[0071] In Condition 1, the upstream water level rises, the gate is closed, and the water flow in the main overflow channel 1 is diverted from the overflow section to the overflow replenishment channel 2. The water flow in the four chambers of the overflow section overflows into the overflow replenishment channel 2 at average velocities of 1.678 m / s, 1.267 m / s, 0.906 m / s, and 0.983 m / s, respectively. The average flow velocities at the bottom inlet 13 are 1.076 m / s, 0.379 m / s, 0.210 m / s, and 0.182 m / s, respectively. In Condition 1, the water flow in the middle chamber is stable, exhibiting the flow field pattern of a traditional vertical slotted fishway. Furthermore, compared to a non-diverted flow, the average flow velocity at the downstream side (fishway inlet 14) is reduced, avoiding the risk of fish being unable to enter the fishway due to excessive flow velocity.

[0072] In condition 2, the downstream water level rises, the switch gate is in the open state, and water flows into the overflow replenishment tank 2. The water flows from the four replenishment holes of the replenishment section to replenish the main flow channel 1 at average speeds of 1.131 m / s, 0.082 m / s, 0.079 m / s, and 0.039 m / s, respectively.

[0073] In operating condition 2, water is replenished to the main flow channel 1 through the overflow water supply channel 2. The average flow velocity at the side section of the fish passage inlet 14 increases, thereby increasing the outflow influence range. The resulting induced flow helps attract fish into the main flow channel 1.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The diagrams show a comparison of the water depth distribution along the flow path between a traditional vertical slotted fishway (i.e., a traditional fishway structure with identical parameters except for the absence of an overflow replenishment tank 2) and the composite fishway structure in this embodiment, under operating conditions 1 and 2. In this embodiment, the composite fishway structure exhibits significant water level changes in the overflow section, with a maximum depth variation of 0.31m between adjacent chambers. The water depth in the middle and outlet sections of the fishway is relatively gentle, with a maximum depth variation of 0.12m between adjacent chambers. The traditional vertical slotted fishway shows a downward trend in the overall water surface. Therefore, the composite fishway structure in this embodiment can automatically reduce excess flow under operating condition 1, resulting in a gentler flow path within the fishway compared to the traditional vertical slotted fishway.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The cloud map shows a comparison of the inlet and outlet water flow in Case 2 of Example 1 with that of a traditional vertical slot fishway. In Case 2, the downstream water level rises, and the average flow velocity at the inlet section of the fishway increases accordingly. The average flow velocities at the inlet sections of the fishway of the present invention and the traditional vertical slot fishway are 0.986 m / s and 0.426 m / s, respectively. The flow velocity at the inlet of the fishway of the present invention is greater, and the fishway designed in this way has a larger outflow influence width and length than the traditional vertical slot fishway, resulting in a larger flow velocity and influence range for the attracted water flow.

[0076] In some embodiments, the overflow port 3 is provided with an interception component.

[0077] The interception component is used to isolate fish and prevent them from entering the overflow distribution tank from the overflow outlet 3.

[0078] The interception components may include an interception fence 18 or an interception net. Of course, the water inlet 13 may also be equipped with an interception component.

[0079] In some embodiments, the interception assembly includes an interception fence 18 and a cleaning structure. The interception fence 18 includes a plurality of spaced-apart vertical bars 17, with a horizontal bar 16 connecting adjacent vertical bars 17. The cleaning structure includes two sliding members 19, each comprising a buoyancy material, movably connected to the vertical bars 17, with each sliding member 19 engaging with a different vertical bar 17, and a cleaning cable 20 positioned between the two sliding members 19.

[0080] As in the background art, in the technical solution of this application, when the overflow port 3 is a branch of the discharge, the water flow is slow, the water force is small, and debris is very easy to accumulate.

[0081] The interception structure formed by the vertical bar 17 and the horizontal bar 16 can not only intercept fish, but also reduce the risk of debris accumulation to a certain extent.

[0082] The cleaning structure is used to clean the interception fence 18 to further reduce the risk of debris accumulation.

[0083] The cleaning cable 20 may be provided with a cleaning structure, such as bristles 21, so that when the cleaning cable 20 moves along the interception fence 18, it can be brushed. The bristles 21 may be formed of steel wire, and the specific way the steel wire is connected to the cleaning cable 20 may refer to the prior art. For example, the steel wire may be connected to the cleaning cable 20 by bundling.

[0084] The two sliding members 19 each engage with different vertical bars 17, creating a gap between the sliding members 19 for accommodating the cleaning cable 20. For example, the two sliding members 19 may engage with two vertical bars 17 at either end.

[0085] Because the sliding component 19 is made of a buoyant material, it can float up and down following changes in the water level of the fishway. The specific material of the sliding component 19 can be selected from existing technologies; for example, it can be a hollow plastic material.

[0086] When the sliding component 19 floats up and down, the cleaning cable 20 moves up and down along the vertical bar 17 to clean the interception fence 18, reducing the risk of debris accumulation and thus reducing the overflow effect of the overflow port 3.

[0087] In some embodiments, the sliding component 19 includes two opposing mating portions 22, with two spaced-apart limiting arms 26 on each mating portion 22. A vertical rod 17 is disposed between the two limiting arms 26. Multiple slots 23 are spaced-apart on each limiting arm 26. A mating portion 25 is inserted into each slot 23 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slot 23. The rotation axis of the mating portion 25 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the vertical rod 17. An elastic element is provided between the mating portion 25 and the mating portion 22. The mating parts 25 of the two mating parts 22 are arranged opposite each other. Between the two mating parts 25, one of them is provided with a limiting part 27 and the other is provided with a positioning part 28. The positioning part 28 is provided between the limiting part 27 and the mating part 25 where the limiting part 27 is provided. The mating part 25 is provided with a wire hole 29. The cleaning steel cable 20 connects the two mating parts 22 located on the same side of the interception fence 18. The cleaning steel cable 20 passes through the wire hole 29.

[0088] The limiting arms 26 of the two mating parts 22 form a channel structure, which allows the sliding part 19 to move along the vertical rod 17.

[0089] The groove 23 is used to limit the rotation direction of the mating part 25.

[0090] When the vertical rod 17 extends vertically, the rotation axis of the mating part 25 can be parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0091] The elastic element can be a spring. Under the action of the elastic element, the mating portions 25 of the two mating portions 22 can remain in a relatively opposite state. At this time, the strip groove 23 also serves to prevent water flow from impacting the mating portions 25 and causing the mating portions 25 to rotate.

[0092] When the two mating parts 25 are positioned opposite each other, the positioning part 28 and the limiting part 27 cooperate to prevent the two mating parts 22 from disengaging in the horizontal direction.

[0093] Because of the horizontal bar 16, the sliding component 19 cannot be fitted onto the vertical bar 17 by means of a sleeve, making it difficult for the sliding component 19 to move across the horizontal bar 16 and along the vertical bar 17. Of course, a slide rail could be installed at the overflow port 3, allowing the sliding component 19 to slide along the vertical bar 17. However, this would increase the length of the cleaning cable 20. The longer the cleaning cable 20, the greater the distance its middle section can move away from the interception fence 18, and the lower the cleaning effect of the cleaning cable 20.

[0094] In this embodiment, multiple mating parts 25 form multiple limiting positions along the extending direction of the vertical rod 17, so that the two mating parts 22 can remain in a mating state, and the sliding member 19 can move along the vertical rod 17.

[0095] When the sliding member 19 passes the crossbar 16, the two mating parts 25 closest to the crossbar 16 of the two mating parts 22 impact the crossbar 16, causing the two mating parts 25 to rotate and allowing them to pass over the crossbar 16. Meanwhile, the other mating parts 25 remain in a relatively opposite position, preventing the mating parts 22 from separating. This allows the sliding member 19 to slide along the vertical bar 17 while simultaneously passing over the crossbar 16.

[0096] Furthermore, when the mating part 25 passes the crossbar 16, the sliding member 19 can be reset. That is, since the sliding member 19 is sleeved on the vertical bar 17, the sliding member 19 is at risk of rotating relative to the vertical bar 17. However, when the mating part 25 passes the crossbar 16, the force exerted by the crossbar 16 on the mating part 25 can reset the sliding member 19.

[0097] The number of cleaning cables 20 can be set to correspond to the number of mating parts 25.

[0098] The axial direction of the thread hole 29 of the mating part 25 can extend horizontally. Separated by the rotation axis of the mating part 25, the thread holes 29 of two opposite mating parts 25 are provided on opposite sides of the two mating parts 25.

[0099] The cleaning cable 20 passes through the threaded hole 29 and is then connected to the mating part 22. This arrangement has several advantages: First, when the mating part 25 passes the crossbar 16, it can move the cleaning cable 20 closer to the intercepting fence 18, increasing its cleaning effect. Second, after the mating part 25 passes the crossbar 16, the cleaning cable 20 can assist the mating part 25 in quickly resetting. Furthermore, when the mating part 25 has not passed the crossbar 16, the cleaning cable 20 reduces the risk of the mating part 25 being significantly rotated by the water flow, causing misalignment of the positioning part 28 and the limiting part 27.

[0100] Furthermore, the cleaning cable 20 and the mating part 25 work together to protect the sliding component 19. When a large object is lodged in the barrier fence 18, the cleaning cable 20 cannot pass over the object when the sliding component 19 moves. When the cleaning cable 20 comes into contact with the object, the force exerted by the object on the cleaning cable 20 is applied to the mating part 25, which acts as a buffer, reducing the risk of the cleaning cable 20 breaking. Simultaneously, this restricts the rotation of the mating part 25. When the crossbar 16 comes into contact with the crossbar 16, the crossbar 16 cannot rotate, thus limiting the sliding component 19 and reducing the risk of it directly colliding with the large object.

[0101] In some embodiments, receiving grooves 24 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the two mating portions 22 on the same side of the interception fence 18. The receiving grooves 24 are connected to the strip grooves 23, and the cleaning steel cable 20 passes through the receiving grooves 24.

[0102] The receiving groove 24 allows the cleaning cable 20 to extend into the strip groove 23, so that the cleaning cable 20 can cooperate with the mating part 25.

[0103] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, alterations, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions, characterized in that, include: Main flow channel (1); An overflow water supply tank (2) is provided. The main flow channel (1) and the overflow water supply tank (2) are arranged side by side. A common wall (11) is provided between the main flow channel (1) and the overflow water supply tank (2). The main flow channel (1) includes an upstream side and a downstream side. An overflow port (3) is provided at the top of the common wall (11) near the upstream side. A water supply bottom port (13) is provided at the bottom of the common wall (11) near the downstream side. A switch is provided at the port of the overflow water supply tank (2) near the upstream side. An energy dissipation plate (6) is provided on the side of the common wall (11) facing the overflow water supply tank (2). The energy dissipation plate (6) includes a first part (4) and a second part (5) connected in sequence. The first part (4) is connected to the common wall (11). The first part (4) and the second part (5) are bent. The water supply bottom port (13) is provided on the inner bent side of the energy dissipation plate (6).

2. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main flow channel (1) is provided with a baffle (9), which includes a first baffle (7) and a second baffle (8), and a main flow vertical slit (10) is formed between the first baffle (7) and the second baffle (8).

3. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch is configured to be remotely controlled.

4. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow port (3) and the water supply port (13) are configured as multiple.

5. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow outlet (3) is an overflow weir (12).

6. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow port (3) is equipped with an interception component.

7. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The interception component includes: The interception fence (18) includes a plurality of spaced vertical bars (17), and a horizontal bar (16) connects two adjacent vertical bars (17). The cleaning structure includes two sliding components (19), each of which includes a floating material. The sliding components (19) are movably connected to the vertical rod (17). The two sliding components (19) are respectively engaged with different vertical rods (17). A cleaning cable (20) is provided between the two sliding components (19).

8. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sliding component (19) includes two opposing mating parts (22). Two limiting arms (26) are spaced apart on each mating part (22). A vertical rod (17) is positioned between the two limiting arms (26). Multiple strip grooves (23) are spaced apart on each limiting arm (26). A mating part (25) is inserted into each strip groove (23). The mating part (25) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the strip groove (23). The rotation axis of the mating part (25) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the vertical rod (17). An elastic element is provided between the mating part (25) and the mating parts (22). The two opposing mating parts... The mating parts (25) of (22) are arranged opposite each other. Between the two mating parts (25), one of them is provided with a limiting part (27) and the other is provided with a positioning part (28). The positioning part (28) is provided between the limiting part (27) and the mating part (25) where the limiting part (27) is provided. The mating part (25) is provided with a wire hole (29). The cleaning cable (20) is connected to the two mating parts (22) located on the same side of the interception fence (18). The cleaning cable (20) is passed through the wire hole (29).

9. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that, Two receiving slots (24) are respectively provided on opposite sides of the two mating parts (22) on the same side of the interception fence (18). The receiving slots (24) are connected to the strip groove (23), and the cleaning steel cable (20) passes through the receiving slots (24).

10. The vertical slotted fishway composite structure adaptable to dynamic water level conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The surface of the cleaning cable (20) is provided with bristles (21).

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