Tunnel micro-step excavation combined bench

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel micro-step excavation combined rack and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined rack comprises a base rack, a driving assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base rack, an active rack assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the base rack, a lateral support is fixedly connected to the side of the active rack assembly, and an anti-falling assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the active rack assembly. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined rack has the advantages that the spikes on the spike wheel can be clamped on the tunnel rock wall, the movable arm can form a support effect similar to an arch bridge, the support effect of the rack is increased, the limiting wheel cannot rotate through the clamping of the brake plate, the top platform can be limited to move in the tunnel, the top platform is further fixed, the stability of the rack during construction is improved, the high layer of the rack is quickly fixed by using the side wall of the tunnel, and the convenience of construction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel bench excavation involves dividing the tunnel cross-section into upper and lower benches for step-by-step excavation. The overall stability of the surrounding rock is maintained by controlling the bench length and the distance between the tunnel faces. This construction method can adapt to various surrounding rock geological conditions, ensuring the safety of tunnel excavation, effectively improving excavation efficiency, and reducing disturbance to the surrounding strata. Citing Chinese patent application number 201910894650.8, a combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation includes an upper platform and a lower platform, which are movably connected. The lower platform is provided with a tiltable platform for drilling operations at the middle position. The tiltable platform has a horizontal distribution state and a vertical distribution state. When the tiltable platform is in the vertical distribution state, it forms a vehicle passage in the lower platform. Existing tunnel excavation scaffolds require reinforcement at their base to ensure stable support when a higher platform needs to be built inside the tunnel. As the tunnel is excavated, the scaffolds need to be moved along with the construction, requiring constant re-fixing of the newly moved scaffolds, which is very inconvenient in construction applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation, including a base frame, a driving component fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame, a movable frame component fixedly connected to the top of the base frame, a lateral support member fixedly connected to the side of the movable frame component, and a fall protection component fixedly connected to the top of the movable frame component. The mobile shelving components include: A multi-layered platform, which is fixedly connected to the top of the base frame; A positioning guide rail is installed on the top of the multi-layer platform; A top-level platform, which is located on top of the multi-layer platform.

[0005] Preferably, an inner guide is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top platform, and the inner guide is movably connected to the positioning guide rail.

[0006] Preferably, the top of the positioning guide rail is provided with multiple openings, the inner guide is provided with an opening that cooperates with the positioning guide rail, and the positioning guide rail is provided with a positioning pin inside, which can be inserted into the openings on the positioning guide rail and the inner guide.

[0007] Preferably, the lateral support includes an integrated plate, which is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the multi-layer platform and the top platform, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, several movable arms are movably connected to the outer side of the integrated plate, and a chuck wheel is movably connected to the outer end of each movable arm.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting wheel is fixedly connected to the top of the movable arm, a brake plate is provided on the top of the integrated plate inside the limiting wheel, a connecting rod is movably connected to the inner side of the brake plate, the other end of the connecting rod movably connected to the brake plate is rotatably connected to the top of the integrated plate, a limiting block is provided on the front of the brake plate, an L-shaped rod is movably connected to the inner side of the limiting block, and a limiting protrusion is fixedly connected to the top of the integrated plate at the corresponding position of the L-shaped rod.

[0010] Preferably, a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable arm, and a connecting bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the integrated plate, with the connecting bracket being fixedly connected to the corresponding torsion spring.

[0011] Preferably, the fall arrestor includes a directional base, which is disposed on the top of the top platform. A positioning guide rail is fixedly connected to the top of the top platform, and the directional base is movably connected to the positioning guide rail. The directional base has an opening that mates with the positioning guide rail. A positioning pin is movably connected to the opening of the directional base. A rocking plate is movably connected to the top of the directional base. A spring is fixedly connected to the top of the rocking plate. A top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the spring. Several scratching points are provided on the top of the top plate.

[0012] Preferably, a lever wall is movably connected to the bottom of the swaying plate, a support frame is movably connected to the outer wall of the lever wall, and the support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the top platform.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the top platform is fixedly connected to side guide grooves on both the left and right sides of the top plate, and the front of each side guide groove is fixedly connected to a bottom pipe.

[0014] This invention provides a combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform uses spikes on the chaff wheel to engage with the tunnel wall, creating an arch-like support effect on the movable arm, thus increasing the platform's support capacity. Simultaneously, a brake plate locks the limiting wheel, preventing its rotation and restricting the movement of the top platform within the tunnel, further securing it and improving the platform's stability during construction. This allows for rapid fixation of the platform's upper levels using the tunnel sidewalls, enhancing construction convenience.

[0015] 2. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform allows the top platform to be moved independently by pulling out the corresponding positioning pins from the positioning guide rails. The top platform can then be fixed by inserting the positioning pins back into the corresponding openings. This layered movement is used to cooperate with the micro-step construction scheme for excavation, effectively improving construction efficiency and avoiding falling objects, thus improving the convenience of construction.

[0016] 3. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform, by pushing the swaying plate back and forth, causes the scraping point to push the tunnel top back and forth, thereby actively dislodging materials that are prone to falling off the tunnel arch, thus avoiding accidental falling and hitting construction personnel and equipment. The dislodged materials are also allowed to roll into the bottom pipe through the inclined surface of the side guide channel and be concentrated at the bottom of the tunnel for easy centralized cleaning, thereby improving the convenience of construction.

[0017] 4. In this tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform, when the foundation frame is moved inside the tunnel, the spiked wheel will collide with the protruding rocks, causing the corresponding integrated plate to shake. This, in turn, causes the top platform of the connected integrated plate to shake, further causing the side guide channel and the bottom pipe to vibrate and transport, thus preventing the crushed stone from getting stuck inside and affecting its transportation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front-view stereoscopic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention viewed from below; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of cross-section structure; Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section C; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of section E in the middle.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base frame; 2. Drive assembly; 3. Movable frame assembly; 31. Multi-layer platform; 32. Positioning guide rail; 33. Positioning pin; 34. Inner guide; 35. Top platform; 4. Lateral support; 41. Integrated plate; 42. Movable arm; 43. Spike wheel; 44. Limiting wheel; 45. Brake plate; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Limiting block; 48. L-shaped rod; 49. Limiting protrusion; 410. Torsion spring; 411. Connecting bracket; 5. Fall protection assembly; 51. Oriented bottom; 52. Shaking plate; 53. Spring; 54. Top plate; 55. Scratching point; 56. Lever wall; 57. Support frame; 58. Side guide groove; 59. Bottom tube. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0022] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation, including a base frame 1, a drive component 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame 1, a movable frame component 3 fixedly connected to the top of the base frame 1, a lateral support component 4 fixedly connected to the side of the movable frame component 3, and a fall protection component 5 fixedly connected to the top of the movable frame component 3. A drive motor is provided on the outside of the drive assembly 2, which can drive the track drive base frame 1 on the drive assembly 2 to move in the tunnel.

[0023] The mobile shelf component 3 includes: Multi-layer platform 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the base frame 1; Positioning guide rail 32 is installed on the top of the multi-layer platform 31; Top platform 35 is located on top of the multi-layer platform 31.

[0024] The bottom of the top platform 35 is fixedly connected to an inner guide 34, and the inner guide 34 is movably connected to the positioning guide rail 32.

[0025] The top of the positioning guide rail 32 is provided with multiple openings, and the inner guide 34 is provided with an opening that cooperates with the positioning guide rail 32. The positioning guide rail 32 is provided with a positioning pin 33 inside, and the positioning pin 33 can be inserted into the openings on the positioning guide rail 32 and the inner guide 34.

[0026] Inside the tunnel, the motor on the drive assembly 2 drives the tracks at its bottom, moving the base frame 1 within the tunnel, thus moving the entire platform within the tunnel. By pulling out the corresponding positioning pin 33 from the positioning guide rail 32, the top platform 35 can be moved independently. After moving the top platform 35, the positioning pin 33 can be reinserted into the corresponding opening, allowing it to pass through the opening in the positioning guide rail 32 and the inner guide 34, fixing the position of the inner guide 34 and the positioning guide rail 32, thereby fixing the top platform 35. This layered staggered movement is used to cooperate with the micro-step construction scheme for excavation and fixation. The layered staggered movement allows the upper and lower tunnel processes to be carried out in parallel, effectively improving construction efficiency. At the same time, the staggered positioning of the upper and lower platforms can avoid cross-falling objects, and with the addition of protective measures, it can greatly improve operational safety.

[0027] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1-7 Based on Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: The lateral support 4 includes an integrated plate 41, which is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the multi-layer platform 31 and the top platform 35, respectively.

[0028] Several movable arms 42 are movably connected to the outer side of the integrated plate 41. Each movable arm 42 is movably connected to a jack wheel 43 at its outer end. The outer wall of the jack wheel 43 is provided with multiple downward-pointing spikes.

[0029] A limiting wheel 44 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable arm 42. A brake plate 45 is provided on the top of the integrated plate 41 inside the limiting wheel 44. A connecting rod 46 is movably connected to the inner side of the brake plate 45. The other end of the connecting rod 46 is rotatably connected to the top of the integrated plate 41. A limiting block 47 is provided on the front of the brake plate 45. An L-shaped rod 48 is movably connected to the inner side of the limiting block 47. A limiting protrusion 49 is fixedly connected to the top of the integrated plate 41 at the corresponding position of the L-shaped rod 48.

[0030] A torsion spring 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable arm 42, and a connecting bracket 411 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the integrated plate 41, with the connecting bracket 411 being fixedly connected to the corresponding torsion spring 410.

[0031] When the drive component 2 moves the base frame 1, the movable arm 42 on the outer wall of the integrated plate 41 will gradually enter the tunnel. When the integrated plate 41 moves into the tunnel, if the distance between the two spike wheels 43 is greater than the width of the tunnel, the tunnel will push the movable arm 42, causing the movable arm 42 to rotate around its connection with the integrated plate 41, and causing the torsion spring 410 to be twisted. Under the elastic force of the torsion spring 410, the spike wheels 43 can be made to stick to the tunnel wall, and the spikes on the spike wheels 43 will be stuck to the tunnel rock wall. When there is a heavy object on the multi-layer platform 31, the gravity will be distributed to the movable arm 42. Through the support effect of the spike wheels 43 on the rock wall, the movable arm 42 can form a support effect similar to an arch bridge, thereby increasing the support effect of the platform and making the platform more stable during construction in the tunnel.

[0032] Furthermore, when the limiting block 47 is pushed outward by the L-shaped rod 48, the limiting block 47 will push the brake plate 45 upward along its inclined surface, and the bent part of the L-shaped rod 48 will be stuck on the outside of the limiting protrusion 49. The limiting protrusion 49 can restrict the L-shaped rod 48 from moving inward. At this time, the brake plate 45 will move to the left under the action of the connecting rod 46, so that one side of the brake plate 45 contacts the limiting wheel 44 and jams the limiting wheel 44, so that the limiting wheel 44 cannot rotate, thereby fixing the rotation angle of the movable arm 42. Since the rock wall in the tunnel is uneven in the initial construction stage, the chuck wheels 43 at the outer end of the movable arm 42 are not at the same level. At this time, the top platform 35 can be restricted from moving in the tunnel, further fixing the top platform 35, thereby improving the stability of the platform construction.

[0033] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1-9 Based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: The fall arrestor 5 includes a directional base 51, which is located on the top of the top platform 35. A positioning guide rail 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the top platform 35, and the directional base 51 is movably connected to the positioning guide rail 32. The directional base 51 has an opening that mates with the positioning guide rail 32. A positioning pin 33 is movably connected inside the opening of the directional base 51. A rocking plate 52 is movably connected to the top of the directional base 51. A spring 53 is fixedly connected to the top of the rocking plate 52. A top plate 54 is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 53. The top of the top plate 54 has several scraping points 55. The scraping points 55 are sharp protrusions that can scrape away rocks that are easy to fall off the rock wall. At the same time, a gap is formed between the top plate 54 and the tunnel top rock wall, which facilitates the discharge of small rocks to both sides of the top plate 54. A guide rail that mates with the bottom of the rocking plate 52 is located on the top of the directional base 51. The rocking plate 52 is movably connected to the directional base 51 through a corresponding guide rail structure.

[0034] The bottom of the rocking plate 52 is movably connected to a lever wall 56, and the outer wall of the lever wall 56 is movably connected to a support frame 57, which is fixedly connected to the top of the top platform 35.

[0035] The top of the top platform 35 is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the top plate 54, and the front of the side guide groove 58 is fixedly connected to the bottom pipe 59.

[0036] After blasting or mechanical excavation, loose small stones and rock fragments frequently fall from the tunnel arch. The roof support plate 54 can block these falling debris, preventing them from directly impacting construction. Simultaneously, by pushing the bottom of the lever wall 56 in the front-back direction, the outer wall of the lever wall 56, supported by the support frame 57, forms a force-saving lever, making it easier to push the rocking plate 52. The spring 53 at the top of the rocking plate 52, under its own elastic force, will push the roof support plate 54 against the tunnel arch. When the swaying plate 52 is pushed back and forth, it will pull the top plate 54 to sway through the spring 53. This will cause the scraping point 55 on the top of the top plate 54 to push the tunnel top back and forth, pushing the material that is easy to fall off the tunnel arch to detach itself, thus avoiding accidental fall and injury to construction workers and equipment. The material that falls off the arch will fall along the slope of the top plate 54 into the side guide groove 58, and then roll into the bottom pipe 59 through the slope of the side guide groove 58, and accumulate at the bottom of the tunnel for easy centralized cleaning.

[0037] Furthermore, when the base frame 1 is driven by the drive component 2 to move within the tunnel, the spike wheel 43 will be pushed by the torsion spring 410 as it moves from the protruding rock to the concave rock. Subsequently, when the spike wheel 43 encounters the protruding rock, it will collide with the protruding rock, causing the corresponding integrated plate 41 to shake. This, in turn, causes the top platform 35 of the connected integrated plate 41 to shake as well, further causing the side guide groove 58 and the bottom pipe 59 to vibrate and transport, thereby preventing the crushed stone from getting stuck inside and affecting its transportation efficiency.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation, comprising a foundation frame (1), characterized in that: The base frame (1) is fixedly connected to a drive assembly (2) at the bottom, the base frame (1) is fixedly connected to a movable frame assembly (3) at the top, the movable frame assembly (3) is fixedly connected to a lateral support (4) on the side, and the movable frame assembly (3) is fixedly connected to a fall protection assembly (5) at the top. The movable rack component (3) includes: A multi-layer platform (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the base frame (1); Positioning guide rail (32), the positioning guide rail (32) is set on the top of the multi-layer platform (31); A top-level platform (35) is located on top of a multi-layer platform (31); The lateral support (4) includes an integrated plate (41), and several movable arms (42) are movably connected to the outer side of the integrated plate (41).

2. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the top platform (35) is fixedly connected to an inner guide (34), and the inner guide (34) is movably connected to the positioning guide rail (32).

3. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the positioning guide rail (32) is provided with multiple openings, and the inner guide (34) is provided with an opening that cooperates with the positioning guide rail (32). The positioning guide rail (32) is provided with a positioning pin (33), and the positioning pin (33) can be inserted into the openings on the positioning guide rail (32) and the inner guide (34).

4. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated plate (41) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the multi-layer platform (31) and the integrated plate (41) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the top layer platform (35).

5. The tunnel micro-step excavation combined platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the movable arms (42) is movably connected to a spike wheel (43), and the outer wall of the spike wheel (43) is provided with multiple downward-pointing spikes.

6. The combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the movable arm (42) is fixedly connected to a limiting wheel (44). The top of the integrated plate (41) is provided with a brake plate (45) located inside the limiting wheel (44). The inner side of the brake plate (45) is movably connected to a connecting rod (46). The other end of the connecting rod (46) and the brake plate (45) is rotatably connected to the top of the integrated plate (41). The front of the brake plate (45) is provided with a limiting block (47). The inner side of the limiting block (47) is movably connected to an L-shaped rod (48). The top of the integrated plate (41) is fixedly connected with a limiting protrusion (49) at the corresponding position of the L-shaped rod (48).

7. A combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the movable arm (42) is fixedly connected to a torsion spring (410), and the bottom of the integrated plate (41) is fixedly connected to a connecting bracket (411), and the connecting bracket (411) is fixedly connected to the corresponding torsion spring (410).

8. The combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fall arrestor assembly (5) includes a directional base (51), which is set on the top of the top platform (35). A positioning guide rail (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the top platform (35), and the directional base (51) is movably connected to the positioning guide rail (32). The directional base (51) is provided with an opening that cooperates with the positioning guide rail (32). A positioning pin (33) is movably connected in the opening of the directional base (51). A swaying plate (52) is movably connected to the top of the directional base (51). A spring (53) is fixedly connected to the top of the swaying plate (52). A top plate (54) is fixedly connected to the top of the spring (53). Several scratch points (55) are provided on the top of the top plate (54).

9. A combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the rocking plate (52) is movably connected to a lever wall (56), and the outer wall of the lever wall (56) is movably connected to a support frame (57). The support frame (57) is fixedly connected to the top of the top platform (35).

10. A combined platform for tunnel micro-step excavation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the top platform (35) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the top plate (54) with side guide grooves (58), and the front of the side guide grooves (58) is fixedly connected to the bottom pipes (59).

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