BIM-based integrated layout of electromechanical pipelines and modular prefabrication and installation system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of building electromechanical installation technology, and discloses a BIM-based integrated layout and modular prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines. The system includes multi-disciplinary pipelines and integrated supports installed under the exterior building roof slab. The integrated supports include columns, combined steel beams, and pipe clamps. The pipe clamps are configured as variable-angle pipe clamp assemblies, comprising a variable-angle base connected to the combined steel beam and a clamp movably connected to the variable-angle base. The clamp has an adjustable degree of freedom to rotate relative to the horizontal direction within the vertical longitudinal section, so that the clamping axis of the clamp is aligned with the inclined axis of the inclined ramp section. This invention achieves zero-collision pre-assembly before construction, eliminates potential hazards from on-site demolition and alteration, precisely ensures the physical clearance height between driveways and parking spaces, and the modular prefabricated variable-angle damping pipe clamps passively adapt to and conform to the 45-degree inclined ramp path adjusted by BIM.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building electromechanical installation technology, and more specifically, to a BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and hanger prefabrication system for electromechanical pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building electromechanical installation, the density of multi-disciplinary pipelines in confined spaces such as underground parking garages is extremely high. Traditional construction methods mainly rely on two-dimensional CAD drawings for manual overlay and on-site experience for layout, severely lacking three-dimensional spatial verification methods. This results in the deep spatial collision hazards between multi-disciplinary integrated pipelines and building structures, as well as irregularly shaped integrated supports and hangers, being completely undetected before construction, leading to a large number of on-site demolition and rework, and making it difficult to accurately control the clearance requirements of driveways and parking spaces in underground spaces.

[0003] Meanwhile, existing basic BIM applications suffer from a data gap between the virtual model and the physical construction entity. Model data cannot be directly converted into prefabricated modular processing drawings in the factory, and the elevations and angles for pipeline space crossings and avoidances are too arbitrary (often using 90-degree right-angle bends). This results in low precision of on-site, piecemeal, manually processed supports and hangers, high safety risks associated with high-altitude hot work, and significant local fluid resistance losses. Furthermore, traditional fixed pipe clamps are all rigid orthogonal structures that cannot adapt to inclined pipe sections, and forced tightening introduces extremely high initial residual internal stress. When faced with high-frequency pulse water hammer or abnormal seismic vibrations, the lack of engineering quantitative assessment methods for the ultimate load-bearing safety of large-span, multi-layer heavy-duty support and hanger systems after on-site installation makes them highly susceptible to fatigue tearing at joints, seriously threatening the operational safety of the system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a brand-new BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and prefabrication system for electromechanical pipelines, in order to at least partially solve the problems existing in the current technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section.

[0006] To at least partially solve the above problems, this invention provides a BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and hanger prefabrication system for electromechanical pipelines, including multi-disciplinary pipelines and integrated supports and hangers installed under the roof of an external building. The integrated supports and hangers include columns, combined steel beams, and pipe clamps. The columns are vertically arranged with multiple mounting holes spaced apart. The combined steel beams are steel sections with rolled grooves at both ends, and both ends of the combined steel beams are adjustablely connected to the mounting holes of the columns via fasteners to form a modular support structure. The pipe clamps and fasteners are installed on the combined steel beams. The multi-disciplinary pipelines have a spatial intersection and avoidance orientation. The multi-disciplinary pipelines have a first suspension height section and a second suspension height section. The vertical hoisting height of the first suspension height section is greater than that of the second suspension height section. The multi-disciplinary pipelines also have oblique overpass sections with inclined turns at spatial intersection points. The pipe clamp fastener is configured as a variable angle pipe clamp assembly, which includes a variable angle base connected to the combined steel beam and a clamp movably connected to the variable angle base; the clamp has an adjustable degree of freedom to rotate relative to the horizontal direction in the vertical longitudinal section so that the clamping axis of the clamp is in contact with the inclined axis of the inclined overturning section.

[0007] Preferably, the multi-disciplinary pipeline includes air ducts, which are eccentrically offset in the horizontal direction within the first suspension height section, or the air duct has a variable diameter top-flat structure to reduce the vertical height occupied by the integrated multi-disciplinary pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-disciplinary pipeline includes cable trays and drainage pipes, and at the spatial intersection, the cable trays have a bend that crosses over the drainage pipes.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-disciplinary pipeline includes cable trays and sprinkler branch pipes, and at the spatial intersection, the sprinkler branch pipes have an underpass section that passes under the cable trays.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-disciplinary pipeline includes a water supply pipe and an air duct, and at the spatial intersection, the water supply pipe has a bend that crosses over the air duct.

[0011] Preferably, the integrated support frame further includes a fully threaded rod and an inclined support member; the upper end of the fully threaded rod is connected to the external building roof slab, and the lower end is connected to the combined steel beam; the inclined support member is inclinedly arranged between the combined steel beam and the column.

[0012] Preferably, the variable angle base has an arc-shaped groove inside, and a ratchet tooth ring is formed on the inner side wall of the arc-shaped groove; an arc-shaped rotating seat is rotatably arranged inside the arc-shaped groove, the inner wall of the arc-shaped rotating seat is machined into a concave spherical seat surface, and the arc-shaped rotating seat is provided with a compression spring and a locking pawl that is tensioned outward by the compression spring. The locking pawl is locked in a one-way locking engagement with the ratchet tooth ring to restrict the rotational freedom of the arc-shaped rotating seat within the arc-shaped groove.

[0013] Preferably, a ball joint is nested inside the arc-shaped rotating seat. The ball joint is configured as a two-degree-of-freedom ball joint and mates with the concave ball seat surface. The upper end of the ball joint extends upward from the variable-angle base and connects to the lower end of the clamp. The two rotation axes of the ball joint are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the arc-shaped rotating seat. A limiting post is provided on the outer spherical surface of the ball joint, and a limiting groove that mates with the limiting post is provided on the corresponding concave ball seat surface. The dimension of the limiting groove in the direction of the two rotation axes is larger than the dimension of the limiting post, which is used to form a preset gap in the two rotation directions of the ball joint.

[0014] Preferably, the inner side of the clamp is provided with an elastic gasket, and the inner circumferential surface of the elastic gasket is integrally molded with continuously staggered transverse vibration isolation elastic ribs and grooves; after the elastic ribs are attached to the pipe wall, they together form multiple sets of buffer cavities, and each set of buffer cavities has a throttling microhole connected to the outside on its edge.

[0015] Preferably, a BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation method for electromechanical pipelines, applying the aforementioned BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines, includes the following steps: Obtain the three-dimensional coordinate data of the collision-free pipeline path generated after conflict adjustment of multi-professional pipelines in virtual space, and export the engineering component detail data of the integrated support and hanger based on the three-dimensional coordinate data; The detailed data of the engineering components are converted into prefabrication drawings, and the steel materials are cut and welded using CNC machining equipment according to the prefabrication drawings to prepare modular prefabricated support and hanger components. The prefabricated support and hanger components are pre-assembled and inspected for quality before leaving the factory. At the construction site, the prefabricated support and hanger components that have passed inspection are assembled into the integrated support and hanger. The multi-disciplinary pipelines are installed on the integrated support and hanger according to the collision-free pipeline route. The integrated support and hanger is then subjected to a safety overload deformation test by applying a load multiple of the rated load.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines, which has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention relies on the pre-calculation of the BIM model and 3D collision detection, and sets the clearance height and clearance distance as spatial topological constraints for pre-optimized layout, realizing zero-collision pre-assembly before construction, eliminating the hidden dangers of on-site dismantling and modification, and accurately ensuring the physical clearance height of lanes and parking spaces.

[0017] Precision material cutting and welding prefabrication in the factory significantly reduces the risks of on-site hot work and high-altitude operations, and significantly improves assembly and construction efficiency.

[0018] Modular prefabricated variable-angle damping pipe clamps passively adapt to and conform to the 45-degree oblique overpass path adjusted by BIM, eliminating assembly misalignment and initial residual internal stress caused by forced assembly. Combined with ball joint friction self-locking, clearance micro-motion follow-up, and labyrinth buffer cavity throttling energy dissipation, they efficiently dissipate the impact vibration during fluid reversal. Through physical overload dual-control tests, including 1.5 times static load physical overload and deflection dual-control tests, a physical quantitative acceptance standard for the structural safety of the modular support system was established, ensuring the long-term structural stability of the system.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and hanger prefabrication installation system for electromechanical pipelines of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for setting up a bypass section for multiple professional pipelines in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the pipe clamp fastener in this invention; Figure 4 In this invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the clamp in this invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and hanger prefabrication and installation method for electromechanical pipelines in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the analysis of drawing problems using BIM technology in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the analysis of drawing issues using BIM technology navigation in this invention; Figure 9 Create a BIM model of a pipeline.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Building roof slab; 2. Fully threaded hanger; 3. Column; 4. Composite steel beam; 5. Diagonal support; 6. Pipe clamp fastener; 7. Multi-disciplinary pipelines; 8. Diagonal overpass section; 21. Limiting post; 22. Limiting groove; 24. Variable angle base; 25. Clamp; 26. Ball joint; 27. Ratchet ring; 28. Locking pawl; 29. ​​Compression spring; 30. Elastic washer; 31. Elastic rib; 32. Groove; 33. Throttling micro-orifice; 36. Arc-shaped rotating seat. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0023] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0024] Example 1: As Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and hanger prefabrication system for electromechanical pipelines, including multi-disciplinary pipelines 7 and integrated supports and hangers installed under the external building roof slab 1.

[0025] The integrated support system includes columns 3, modular steel beams 4, and pipe clamp fasteners 6. Columns 3 are vertically arranged with multiple mounting holes spaced apart. The modular steel beams 4 are steel sections with rolled grooves at both ends. The ends of the modular steel beams 4 are adjustablely connected to the mounting holes of the columns 3 via fasteners to form a modular support structure. The fasteners may specifically include T-bolts with pre-embedded square heads, Dacromet anti-corrosion high-strength hexagonal bolts, or metal clips with anti-slip teeth. The pipe clamp fasteners 6 are installed on the modular steel beams 4.

[0026] The multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 has a spatial intersection and avoidance orientation. The multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 has a first suspension height section and a second suspension height section. The vertical lifting height of the first suspension height section is greater than the vertical lifting height of the second suspension height section. Furthermore, the multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 has an inclined turning and oblique overpass section 8 at the spatial intersection point.

[0027] The pipe clamp fastener 6 is a variable angle pipe clamp assembly, which includes a variable angle base 24 connected to the combined steel beam 4, and a clamp 25 connected through the variable angle base 24; the clamp 25 has an adjustable degree of freedom to rotate relative to the horizontal direction in the vertical longitudinal section, so that the clamping axis of the clamp 25 is in contact with the inclined axis of the inclined overturning section 8; the clamping inner edge of the clamp 25 is fastened to the outer wall of the inclined overturning section 8.

[0028] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This system uses a three-dimensional spatial hierarchy of height differences and oblique components at specific angles for wiring. In terms of static connection, the upper end of column 3 is anchored to the external building roof slab 1, and column 3 extends downwards vertically. The composite steel beam 4 is arranged horizontally, with its two ends fixed to two parallel columns 3 via fasteners passing through corresponding mounting holes, forming the main load-bearing frame. The pipeline is divided into a first suspension height section and a second suspension height section at different elevations. When the two pipeline sections intersect in spatial projection, their ends are physically connected via an oblique overpass section 8.

[0029] During installation, the inclined overpass section 8 is placed inside the variable angle pipe clamp assembly. Under the pressure and guidance of the gravity of the outer wall of the inclined overpass section 8, the clamping axis of the clamp 25 automatically rotates to a state parallel to the central axis of the inclined overpass section 8. The self-weight of the multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 and the normal and tangential forces generated by the internal fluid flow act on the inner edge of the clamp 25. The clamp 25 transfers the above load to the variable angle base 24, which applies downward normal pressure and torque to the combined steel beam 4. The combined steel beam 4 distributes the force to the columns 3 on both sides, and finally, the axial tensile force generated by the columns 3 is transferred to the external building roof slab 1 to complete the load transfer.

[0030] This embodiment effectively avoids the technical problem of insufficient usable clearance below due to planar intersections of multiple professional pipelines in a confined building space. By dividing the structure into a first suspension height segment and a second suspension height segment, and cooperating with the inclined overturning segment 8 to achieve staggered avoidance between upper and lower levels, the physical structure prevents physical interference between pipelines at the same elevation. The design of the inclined overturning segment 8 replaces the traditional vertical lifting configuration, and its larger bending radius reduces the local fluid resistance loss of the pipeline system at the intersection node. The variable angle pipe clamp assembly allows the fasteners to passively adapt to the inclination angle of the pipeline, effectively avoiding the assembly misalignment caused by forcibly locking inclined pipe sections with conventional vertical pipe clamps, and reducing crushing and initial residual internal stress caused by uneven stress on the pipe wall.

[0031] Example 2: Based on Example 1 above, the multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 includes various forms: The first type: the multi-professional pipeline 7 includes air ducts within the first suspension height section, with the air ducts eccentrically offset in the horizontal direction, or the air ducts having a variable diameter top-flat structure, in order to reduce the vertical height occupied by the integration of the multi-professional pipeline 7.

[0032] The second type: multi-professional pipeline 7 includes cable trays and drainage pipes, and at the spatial intersection, the cable trays have a bend that crosses over the drainage pipes.

[0033] The third type: Multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 includes cable trays and sprinkler branch pipes. At spatial intersections, the sprinkler branch pipes have an underpass section that passes beneath the cable trays. Multi-disciplinary pipeline 7 includes water supply pipes and air ducts. At spatial intersections, the water supply pipes have a bend that crosses over the air ducts.

[0034] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This embodiment provides a specific spatial relative position arrangement structure for pipeline networks with different fluid media and cables.

[0035] The drainage pipe is rigidly suspended from the lower edge of the combined steel beam 4 using U-shaped clamps; the main body of the cable tray is cut off 500mm before the intersection and four 45-degree upward bend fittings are connected in series by mechanical hinge to form an upward convex inverted U-shaped bend section that physically crosses directly above the drainage pipe.

[0036] At the intersection of the cable tray and the sprinkler branch pipe, the cable tray maintains its original horizontal elevation, while the sprinkler branch pipe is offset downwards through the connecting fittings, forming a cross section that runs horizontally under the gap at the bottom of the cable tray.

[0037] At the intersection of the water supply pipe and the air duct, the air duct remains horizontal and straight, while the water supply pipe uses its internal liquid static pressure to overcome gravity and climbs along the set upward bending pipe fitting. A set distance is maintained between its lower outer wall and the top wall of the air duct, and this distance is filled with a flame-retardant insulation layer, thus constructing a three-dimensional non-contact crossing structure on the Z-axis projection.

[0038] When ducts are laid on the same rack as other pipelines, the ducts are horizontally eccentrically fixed to the left or right end of the composite steel beam 4 within the first suspension height section, leaving space for arrangement in the central area of ​​the beam. As an alternative structure, the duct changes its aspect ratio within this height section, that is, while keeping the distance between the top outer wall and the building roof slab 1 unchanged, the horizontal width is increased and the vertical height is decreased, forming a variable diameter top-flat structure. All the above multi-disciplinary pipelines 7 are fixed to the corresponding positions of the composite steel beam 4 with their own independent pipe clamps and fasteners.

[0039] The aforementioned targeted avoidance structures resolve the physical interference issues between different systems in multi-pipeline mixed corridors. The horizontal eccentricity of the ductwork or the variable-diameter, flat-top structure frees up vertical clearance beneath the integrated support brackets, allowing for the compact arrangement of other smaller-diameter pipelines. The arrangement of cable trays crossing over drainage pipes creates a spatial isolation layer between electricity and water; if leakage or condensation occurs in the drainage pipes during operation, the liquid will settle to the external ground due to gravity, isolating the droplets from physical contact with the cable tray's inner groove. The structure of sprinkler branch pipes passing beneath the cable trays ensures that the working face of the fire sprinklers is outside the bottom envelope of the cable tray, guaranteeing that the downward-spraying water mist trajectory is not blocked by the cable tray's base plate.

[0040] Example 3: Based on Example 1 above, the integrated support frame also includes a fully threaded rod 2 and an inclined support 5; the upper end of the fully threaded rod 2 is connected to the external building roof slab 1, and the lower end is connected to the combined steel beam 4; the inclined support 5 is inclinedly arranged between the combined steel beam 4 and the column 3.

[0041] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: In this embodiment, tension and support nodes are added within the main frame. The number of fully threaded hangers 2 is set to one or more according to the span of the crossbeam. Their upper ends are fixed to the external building roof slab 1 by drilling and inserting expansion anchors, and their lower ends penetrate through pre-drilled holes on the surface of the composite steel crossbeam 4, and are clamped and fixed by nuts that screw together. The diagonal support 5 is cut from channel steel or angle steel. Its upper end is fixed to the bottom surface of the composite steel crossbeam 4 by bolts, and its lower end is fastened to the inner wall of the column 3 by connectors. When the composite steel crossbeam 4 bears the downward heavy load of the pipeline, the fully threaded hangers 2 undergo tensile deformation in the vertical direction, providing upward tension to the middle section of the crossbeam.

[0042] The combination of the fully threaded hanger 2 and the diagonal support 5 enhances the load-bearing limit of the integrated support system. The fully threaded hanger 2 shortens the effective load-bearing span of the composite steel beam 4, reduces the bending moment at the mid-span of the beam, and controls the beam's deformation. The triangular support system constructed by the diagonal support 5 improves the stiffness of the support system against vibration deformation and limits the sway amplitude of the suspension system.

[0043] Example 4: Based on Example 1 above, the variable angle base 24 has an arc-shaped groove inside, and a ratchet tooth ring 27 is formed on the inner side wall of the arc-shaped groove; an arc-shaped rotating seat 36 is rotatably arranged inside the arc-shaped groove, the inner wall of the arc-shaped rotating seat 36 is processed into a concave spherical seat surface, and a compression spring 29 and a locking pawl 28 tensioned outward by the compression spring 29 are provided on the arc-shaped rotating seat 36. The locking pawl 28 and the ratchet tooth ring 27 are locked in one direction to limit the rotational freedom of the arc-shaped rotating seat 36 in the arc-shaped groove.

[0044] A ball joint 26 is nested within the arc-shaped rotating seat 36. The ball joint 26 is configured as a two-degree-of-freedom ball joint and mates with the concave ball seat surface. A limiting post 21 is provided on the outer spherical surface of the ball joint 26, and a limiting groove 22 is provided on the corresponding concave ball seat surface to mate with the limiting post 21. The dimension of the limiting groove 22 in the direction of the two rotation axes is larger than the dimension of the limiting post 21, so as to form a preset gap in the two rotation directions of the ball joint 26.

[0045] The upper end of the ball joint 26 extends upward to the variable angle base 24 and connects to the lower end of the clamp 25; fasteners are provided on both sides of the clamp 25. When the clamp 25 is tightened by the fasteners to clamp the multi-professional pipeline 7, the clamp 25 applies a downward clamping force to the ball joint 26, forcing the outer spherical surface of the ball joint 26 to interfere and compress with the concave ball seat surface and form a frictional self-locking, so as to restrict the macroscopic rotational freedom of the ball joint 26; the two rotation axes of the ball joint 26 are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the arc-shaped rotating seat 36.

[0046] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: In the initial relaxed state, the ball joint 26 is placed in the concave ball seat surface of the arc-shaped rotating seat 36. The limiting post 21 is engaged in the limiting groove 22, and the physical boundary of the limiting groove 22 restricts the maximum free swing angle of the ball joint 26, preventing the clamp 25 from excessively deflecting or overturning before the pipeline is inserted. Figure 3 The swinging direction shown is in the forward and backward direction and the axis direction of the limiting post 21, but it will not swing along the direction of the arc-shaped rail groove.

[0047] When the inclined, tilted section 8 is inserted into the clamp 25, the clamp 25 causes the ball joint 26 connected at its lower end to rotate spherically, guiding the arc-shaped rotating seat 36 to slide within the arc-shaped rail groove to conform to the pipeline's posture. During the sliding process, the locking pawl 28 overcomes the thrust of the compression spring 29, unidirectionally crossing the adjacent tooth peaks of the ratchet tooth ring 27 on the side wall of the rail groove. After the posture is aligned, the bolts on both sides of the clamp 25 are tightened. The inner diameter of the clamp decreases, clamping the multi-functional pipeline 7, while the bottom of the clamp 25 generates a downward vertical thrust. This thrust is transmitted to the ball joint 26 below, causing the spherical surface of the ball joint 26 to press into the concave ball seat surface. The metal normal pressure at the contact interface increases sharply, causing the static friction torque between the two spherical surfaces to exceed the external interference torque during normal pipeline operation, restricting the degree of freedom of the ball joint 26 and forming a friction self-locking mechanism. In order for the variable angle damping pipe clamp assembly to passively adapt to the inclined overturning section 8 that is tilted in either the forward or reverse direction, the variable angle base 24 adopts a reversible symmetrical installation design on the combined steel beam 4.

[0048] When facing a reverse-inclined pipe section, the variable angle base 24 is rotated in place on the horizontal plane along its vertical central axis and then fixed to the combined steel beam 4. At this time, the one-way locking direction of the internal arc-shaped rail groove and the ratchet tooth ring 27 is reversed in space, so that the locking pawl 28 can adapt to the insertion posture of the reverse-inclined pipe section and perform one-way crossing and reverse locking.

[0049] As another optional implementation, the variable angle base 24 provides two mirror-symmetrical structural specifications: a left-facing base and a right-facing base, which are used to adaptively adapt to the forward and reverse tilting of the oblique overturning segment 8, respectively.

[0050] When the pipeline is subjected to abnormal multi-directional vibrations caused by high-frequency pulsed water hammer or seismic waves, the vibration torque instantly exceeds the static friction torque. The limiting post 21 of the ball joint 26 undergoes a slight follow-up deflection within the preset gap range of the limiting groove 22. The vibration energy is dissipated through the sliding friction of the spherical surface, and when it follows to the boundary of the limiting groove 22, it is rigidly blocked, thus preventing the pipeline from undergoing destructive large-scale torsion.

[0051] This embodiment employs a composite structure of limiting anti-torsion and friction self-locking to avoid the attitude loss problem of obliquely fixed pipe clamps under vibration conditions. The design of the limiting groove 22 and limiting post 21 provides alignment guidance in the early stage of installation and avoids disorderly sagging of the universal joint. When encountering extreme dynamic loads, the reserved clearance between the limiting groove 22 and the limiting post 21 allows the pipe clamp to generate a micro-movement follow-up effect to absorb impact stress and block the extreme retraction and excessive torsion path of multi-disciplinary pipelines 7, ensuring the structural integrity of complex stress nodes.

[0052] Example 5: Based on Example 4 above, an elastic gasket 30 is provided on the inner side of the clamp 25. The inner circumferential surface of the elastic gasket 30 is integrally molded with continuously staggered transverse vibration-damping elastic ribs 31 and grooves 32. After the elastic ribs 31 are attached to the pipe wall, they together form multiple sets of buffer cavities. Each set of buffer cavities has a throttling micropore 33 connected to the outside at its edge. The elastic gasket 30 can be made of materials with both resilience and sealing properties, such as nitrile rubber, polyurethane elastomer, or high-foaming silicone.

[0053] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the clamp tightens the pipeline, the top surface of the transverse vibration-damping elastic rib 31 protruding inside the elastic gasket 30 is compressed and adheres to the surface of the metal pipe wall. The adhered pipe wall, the surface of the groove 32, and the two adjacent transverse vibration-damping elastic ribs 31 together form a buffer cavity. If the internal fluid experiences a sudden pressure change, the pipe wall expands radially outward, applying mechanical pressure to the transverse vibration-damping elastic ribs 31, causing them to deform. During this deformation, the internal volume of the buffer cavity is forced to shrink, resulting in an increase in air pressure. The high-pressure air inside the cavity is forced to be discharged to the outside through the throttling micro-orifice 33. When the air passes through the extremely narrow channel, high-velocity turbulent friction and fluid viscosity dissipation are generated, converting the mechanical energy of the pipe wall vibration into heat energy for dissipation. When the pipe wall amplitude drops, the cavity volume expands again to form a negative pressure, and the external air is drawn into the cavity again through the throttling micro-orifice 33.

[0054] In this embodiment, the deformation of the transverse vibration isolation elastic rib 31, the variability of the buffer cavity volume, and the throttling micropores 33 work synergistically. Upon impact, the elastic rib 31 first absorbs the initial wave peak, triggering rapid compression of the cavity, ultimately forcing air to dissipate through the micropores. This synergistic mechanism converts, delays, and smoothly releases the instantaneous high-frequency pulse shear force, resulting in dynamic vibration isolation efficiency superior to solid rubber components that rely solely on material deformation, thus extending the fatigue tear life of the connection nodes.

[0055] Example 6: Based on Example 1 above, a BIM-based method for integrated layout of electromechanical pipelines and prefabrication and installation of modular supports and hangers is provided. The method utilizes the aforementioned system and includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain CAD drawings from various disciplines to create a 3D integrated model. Set hard constraints for spatial dimensions in the system backend: set the target clearance height for the lane area to be no less than 2.4 meters and the target clearance height for the parking space area to be no less than 2.3 meters. Run the collision detection algorithm and adjust the pipeline spatial coordinates according to the following set avoidance and spacing rules: The duct is moved to avoid the main lane and laid above the parking space. If it crosses the lane, the width-to-thickness ratio is changed and a variable diameter top flat structure is adopted. A 1.0 meter gap is maintained between the outer wall of the duct and the structural beam and wall to reserve space for pipeline crossing.

[0056] Cross-crossing levels are implemented as follows: when a cable tray crosses a drainage pipe, the cable tray crosses over from above; when a cable tray crosses a sprinkler branch pipe, the sprinkler branch pipe crosses over from below; when a water supply pipe crosses an air duct, the cable tray crosses over from above; the spatial elevation transformation of the above pipelines utilizes 45-degree bends to generate inclined crossing sections 8.

[0057] Implement pipeline clearance control: When cable trays are arranged parallel to conventional process pipelines, the clearance should be no less than 400mm; when they cross, the clearance should be no less than 300mm. When pipelines transport corrosive liquids, the parallel clearance should be no less than 500mm, and the crossing clearance should be no less than 500mm. At the crossing points, a corrosion-resistant partition with a length no less than the pipeline's outer diameter plus 2000mm should be used for physical isolation. When parallel to insulated thermal pipelines, the clearance should be no less than 500mm; when there is no insulation, the clearance should be no less than 1000mm. After completing the above avoidance procedures, extract the 3D coordinate data of the collision-free pipeline paths and export the detailed engineering component data of the integrated support and hanger system, as well as the BIM walkthrough visualization handover documents.

[0058] Step S2: Convert the parameters in the engineering component detail data into machine control instructions. In the prefabrication plant, CNC cutting machines are used to cut the steel sections to length, with dimensional deviations controlled within ±1mm. After completing the welding of the base plate of column 3 and the combined steel beam 4, zinc-rich primer is sprayed onto the weld heat-affected zone for corrosion protection. The treated components are classified and packaged into prefabricated support and hanger assemblies, and samples are randomly selected in the factory inspection area for pre-assembly verification of bolt hole dimensions.

[0059] Step S3: Construction personnel perform on-site modular assembly based on the BIM walkthrough visualization briefing documents. Anchor bolts are used to fix column 3 to the concrete floor slab, and an anchor bolt pull-out test is performed to record its pull-out force. The combined steel beam 4 is assembled and connected to column 3 using T-bolts. Following the set collision-free pipeline route, air ducts, water supply pipes, and cable trays are hoisted into place sequentially; the anti-corrosion partitions are fixed and suspended above the corresponding intersection nodes using non-metallic cable ties or anti-corrosion U-shaped clips. Subsequently, the variable angle pipe clamp assembly is adjusted to cover the outer wall of the inclined overpass section 8 and the fasteners are tightened.

[0060] After pipeline installation, a physical overload test was performed: a static load equivalent to 1.5 times the design rated load was suspended on the integrated support. After maintaining this load for 24 hours, the maximum downward deflection of the combined steel beam 4 was measured using a dial indicator, and the deformation was verified to be less than 1 / 200 of the support span L. At the same time, all connecting fasteners were inspected on site to confirm that they were not loose, and the structural safety acceptance was completed.

[0061] The 3D integrated modeling and collision detection algorithm described in this embodiment can be directly implemented by relying on existing mature commercial BIM software platforms and supporting electromechanical pipeline integration modules. Its underlying algorithm logic is the conventional geometric interference matrix calculation in this field, which is not the focus of the improvement of this invention, and will not be elaborated here.

[0062] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The distance parameters and avoidance rules set in this method constitute the mandatory boundary conditions of the spatial topology algorithm, driving the pipeline network to achieve the tightest physical stacking within the confined space. During the on-site dual-control safety verification phase, an excessive physical counterweight was introduced, forcing the stress transmission chain within the support system to reach its limit. The pull-out test of the anchor bolts and the deflection displacement of the crossbeams provided static judgment criteria.

[0063] This implementation method effectively avoids clearance encroachment caused by disorderly intersections of multiple professional pipelines, and ensures a minimum physical space of 2.4 meters for lanes and 2.3 meters for parking spaces based on specific parameters. Clearly defined parallel and intersecting clearance parameters, combined with anti-corrosion partitions, eliminate contact paths that could lead to short circuits or corrosion in electrical systems due to liquid leakage. The full use of 45-degree elbows reduces kinetic energy loss when fluids deflect in the pipeline network. Pre-processing in the CNC factory reduces the risks of high-altitude cutting on-site and minimizes steel waste. Physical verification under 1.5 times static load abandons the selection model relying solely on theoretical calculations, providing objective engineering handover basis for the deformation resistance and node connection stiffness of the large-span electromechanical pipeline system during long-term operation.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Other modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A BIM-based integrated layout and modular support and hanger prefabrication system for electromechanical pipelines, comprising multi-disciplinary pipelines (7) and integrated supports and hangers installed under the external building roof slab (1), characterized in that, The integrated support frame includes columns (3), combined steel beams (4), and pipe clamp fasteners (6); the columns (3) are vertically arranged and have multiple mounting holes spaced apart; the combined steel beams (4) are steel sections with rolled grooves at both ends, and the two ends of the combined steel beams (4) are adjustablely connected to the mounting holes of the columns (3) through connecting fasteners to form a modular support structure; the pipe clamp fasteners (6) are installed on the combined steel beams (4); The multi-professional pipeline (7) has a spatial intersection and avoidance direction. The multi-professional pipeline (7) has a first suspension height section and a second suspension height section. The vertical hoisting height of the first suspension height section is greater than the vertical hoisting height of the second suspension height section. The multi-professional pipeline (7) has a slanted overpass section (8) with an inclined turn at the spatial intersection point. The pipe clamp fastener (6) is configured as a variable angle pipe clamp assembly, which includes a variable angle base (24) connected to the combined steel beam (4) and a clamp (25) movably connected to the variable angle base (24); the clamp (25) has an adjustable degree of freedom to rotate relative to the horizontal direction in the vertical longitudinal section so that the clamping axis of the clamp (25) is in contact with the inclined axis of the inclined overturning section (8).

2. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-professional pipeline (7) includes a duct. Within the first suspension height section, the duct is eccentrically shifted in the horizontal direction, or the duct has a variable diameter top-flat structure to reduce the vertical occupancy height of the integrated multi-professional pipeline (7).

3. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-disciplinary pipeline (7) includes a cable tray and a drainage pipe, wherein at the spatial intersection, the cable tray has a bend that crosses over the drainage pipe.

4. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-disciplinary pipeline (7) includes a cable tray and a sprinkler branch pipe, wherein at the spatial intersection, the sprinkler branch pipe has an underpass section that passes under the cable tray.

5. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-disciplinary pipeline (7) includes a water supply pipe and an air duct, wherein at the spatial intersection, the water supply pipe has a bend that crosses over the air duct.

6. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated support frame also includes a fully threaded rod (2) and an inclined support (5); the upper end of the fully threaded rod (2) is connected to the external building roof plate (1), and the lower end is connected to the combined steel beam (4); the inclined support (5) is inclinedly arranged between the combined steel beam (4) and the column (3).

7. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable angle base (24) has an arc-shaped rail groove inside, and a ratchet tooth ring (27) is formed on the inner side wall of the arc-shaped rail groove; an arc-shaped rotating seat (36) is rotatably arranged inside the arc-shaped rail groove, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped rotating seat (36) is processed into a concave spherical seat surface. A compression spring (29) and a locking pawl (28) that is tensioned outward by the compression spring (29) are provided on the arc-shaped rotating seat (36). The locking pawl (28) and the ratchet tooth ring (27) are locked in a one-way manner to limit the rotational freedom of the arc-shaped rotating seat (36) in the arc-shaped rail groove.

8. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 7, characterized in that, The arc-shaped rotating seat (36) is nested with a ball joint (26), which is a two-degree-of-freedom ball joint that mates with the concave ball seat surface. The upper end of the ball joint (26) extends upward from the variable angle base (24) and connects to the lower end of the clamp (25). The two rotation axes of the ball joint (26) are perpendicular to the rotation axis of the arc-shaped rotating seat (36). The outer spherical surface of the ball joint (26) is provided with a limiting post (21), and the corresponding concave ball seat surface is provided with a limiting groove (22) that mates with the limiting post (21). The dimension of the limiting groove (22) in the direction of the two rotation axes is larger than the dimension of the limiting post (21), which is used to form a preset gap in the two rotation directions of the ball joint (26).

9. The BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner side of the clamp (25) is provided with an elastic pad (30). The inner circumferential surface of the elastic pad (30) is integrally molded with continuously staggered transverse vibration isolation elastic ribs (31) and grooves (32). After the elastic ribs (31) are attached to the pipe wall, they together form multiple sets of buffer cavities. Each set of buffer cavities has a throttling microhole (33) connected to the outside at its edge.

10. A BIM-based method for integrated layout of electromechanical pipelines and prefabrication and installation of modular supports and hangers, characterized in that, The application of the BIM-based integrated layout and modular support prefabrication and installation system for electromechanical pipelines as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the three-dimensional coordinate data of the collision-free pipeline path generated in the virtual space after conflict adjustment of multi-professional pipelines, and export the engineering component detail data of the integrated support and hanger based on the three-dimensional coordinate data; Step S2: Convert the detailed data of the engineering components into prefabrication drawings, and use CNC machining equipment to cut and weld the steel materials according to the prefabrication drawings to prepare modular prefabricated support and hanger components, and conduct pre-assembly quality inspection of the prefabricated support and hanger components before leaving the factory. Step S3: At the construction site, assemble the prefabricated support and hanger components that have passed inspection into the integrated support and hanger. Install the multi-professional pipelines (7) onto the integrated support and hanger according to the collision-free pipeline path. Apply a load multiple of the rated load to the integrated support and hanger to verify its safety overload deformation.

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