Automatic fire assaying and gold separating device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic gold separation device and method for fire assay, relating to the field of fire assay technology. It includes a frame, on the upper side of which a rotary feeding mechanism, a container group, and a gold separation component are sequentially arranged along the Y-axis. The rotary feeding mechanism includes a rotatable material tray with a tray gripper above it. The tray gripper is connected to the lower side of a moving component, which provides Y-axis and Z-axis movement for the tray gripper. The gold separation component includes a layered lifting cover mechanism and a mixing mechanism, which are respectively mounted on the support frame via linear modules arranged along the X-axis. This invention features a compact overall structure, enabling precise connection of material trays and ensuring effective gold separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire assay technology, and in particular to an automatic fire assay gold separation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Fire assay is the core process for gold and silver content detection and separation. As a key device in this process, the degree of automation and operational stability of the gold separation equipment directly affect the separation efficiency and the purity of the gold and silver. Currently, various fire assay separation devices are available on the market for separating gold and silver granules. However, existing equipment still has some problems in practical applications. For example, an existing automatic gold separation system for fire assay is disclosed, including a moving component, a sequentially connected feeding unit, an acetic acid treatment unit, a granulation pressing unit, and a granulation dispensing unit. This equipment is arranged horizontally, occupying a large space; furthermore, the material transfer mechanism lacks a dedicated rotating tray, requiring manual positioning, which can easily lead to poor material transfer and handover. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic gold separation device and method for fire assay, which has a compact overall structure and can achieve precise connection of material trays to ensure the gold separation effect.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic gold separation device for fire testing, including a frame, wherein a rotating feeding mechanism, a container group and a gold separation component are sequentially arranged on the upper side of the frame along the Y direction; The rotary feeding mechanism includes a rotatable tray with a tray gripper above it. The tray gripper is connected to the lower side of a moving component, which provides Y-axis and Z-axis movement for the tray gripper. The gold-separating component includes a layered lifting cover mechanism and a mixing mechanism, which are respectively mounted on the bracket via linear modules arranged in the X direction.

[0005] As a further implementation, the moving component includes a first linear power source, a slider guide rail assembly, a second linear power source, and a lifting power source, wherein the slider guide rail assembly is connected between the first linear power source and the second linear power source. At least two lifting motors are installed on the lower side of the second linear power unit, and each lifting motor is connected to a set of pallet grippers.

[0006] As a further implementation, the pallet gripper includes a cantilever and a support block. One end of the cantilever is fixed to the lifting power end, and at least two support blocks are fixed to the other end of the cantilever. The support block is provided with a support groove.

[0007] As a further implementation, the rotary feeding mechanism also includes a heating device, which includes a heating module and a drive module. The drive module can drive the heating module to move closer to or away from the material tray.

[0008] As a further implementation, the lifting cover mechanism includes a first electric lifter and lifting components, wherein the first electric lifter is connected to at least two sets of lifting components.

[0009] As a further implementation, the lifting assembly includes a guide plate, a guide rod, and a lifting cover, wherein the guide rod passes through a guide sleeve on the guide plate and is connected to the lifting cover; The bottom of the pull-out cover is equipped with at least two pull rods.

[0010] As a further implementation, the mixing mechanism includes a second electric lift and a mixing assembly, wherein the second electric lift is connected to at least two mixing assemblies; The mixing component mixes materials based on the principle of vibration.

[0011] As a further implementation, the container group includes two sets of nitric acid containers and one set of cleaning containers, with the cleaning containers disposed between the two sets of nitric acid containers.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an automatic gold separation method for fire assays, employing the aforementioned automatic gold separation device, comprising: The material tray containing gold and silver granules is placed in the rotary feeding mechanism. After rotation and lifting, the rotary feeding mechanism transfers the material tray to the gold separation component. The gold-separating component injects nitric acid and distilled water into the nitric acid solution container according to the preset ratio and mixes them well. The driving material tray is then immersed in the nitric acid solution container in sequence to carry out the acid evaporation reaction, and then transferred to the cleaning container for cleaning. After cleaning, the material tray is returned to its initial position by a rotating feeding mechanism, dried by a heating device, and finally discharged.

[0013] As a further implementation, the acid evaporation reaction includes at least two processes, with each acid evaporation followed by a corresponding cleaning.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The frame of this invention is arranged in sequence along the Y direction with a rotary feeding mechanism, a container group, and a gold-separating component, and the layout of each mechanism is compact. By setting a rotatable material tray, and cooperating with a moving component and a tray gripper that can realize Y-axis and Z-axis movement, a dedicated rotary feeding mechanism is formed. No manual positioning is required, realizing the automated rotation, lifting and Y-axis transfer of material trays, solving the problems of poor transfer connection and reliance on manual labor in existing equipment, and improving the efficiency and stability of gold separation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic gold separating device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the automatic gold-separating device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the rotary feeding mechanism, container group and gold separating components according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the rotary feeding mechanism (excluding the turntable frame), container group and gold separating components according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pallet gripper and the moving component according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the heating device structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the container group and gold-separating component structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gold-separating component structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] The components include: 1. Frame; 2. Protective cover; 3. Ventilation hood; 4. Rotary feeding mechanism; 5. Separating component; 6. Container group; 7. Heating device; 8. Turntable frame; 9. Material tray; 10. Material pallet; 11. PTFE filter; 12. Linear electric cylinder; 13. Slider guide rail assembly; 14. Rodless cylinder; 15. Lifting cylinder; 16. Pallet gripper; 17. Rotary motor; 18. Cantilever; 19. Support block; 20. Support groove; 21. Telescopic cylinder; 22. Slider; 23. Slide rail; 24. Linkage mechanism; 25. Heating element. Module; 26, bracket; 27, first linear module; 28, second linear module; 29, third linear module; 30, first electric lifter; 31, guide plate; 32, guide sleeve; 33, guide rod; 34, lifting cover; 35, lifting rod; 36, second electric lifter; 37, mixing assembly; 38, first nitric acid solution container; 39, second nitric acid solution container; 40, third nitric acid solution container; 41, fourth nitric acid solution container; 42, first cleaning container; 43, second cleaning container; 44, distilled water pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] Example 1: This embodiment provides an automatic gold separation device for fire testing, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the assembly includes a frame 1, a protective cover 2, a rotary feeding mechanism 4, a metal separating component 5, a container, and a heating device 7. The rotary feeding mechanism 4, the metal separating component 5, the container assembly 6, and the heating device 7 are all mounted on the frame 1. The protective cover 2 is mounted on the outside of the frame 1, and a ventilation hood 3 is mounted on the top of the protective cover 2. The rotary feeding mechanism 4, the heating device 7, and the container are located on the same side of the metal separating component 5, resulting in a compact spatial arrangement.

[0020] This embodiment employs a rotary feeding method, completing the feeding and handover process through 180° rotation, lifting, and horizontal conveying actions. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the rotary feeding mechanism 4 includes a turntable frame 8 and a rotating component, a lifting component, and a moving component mounted on the turntable frame 8. The lifting component is connected to the lower side of the moving component, and the rotating component is located below the lifting component. The rotating component rotates the material pallet 10 180° into the internal area of ​​the turntable frame 8. The lifting component can clamp the material pallet 10 and lift it to the corresponding height. The moving component realizes the horizontal transfer of the material pallet 10 for the handover of the material pallet 10.

[0021] In this embodiment, the rotating assembly includes a rotary motor 17 and a material tray 9. The rotary motor 17 is connected to the bottom of the material tray 9, and the axis of the rotary motor 17 is perpendicular to the material tray 9. The rotary motor 17 is also eccentrically positioned to rotate the material tray 9 180° from the outside to the inside. The material tray 10 is equipped with a PTFE filter 11. After the flattened gold and silver granules are placed in the PTFE filter 11, the material tray 10 is placed on the material tray 9. The material tray 9 is provided with a placement slot for placing the material tray 10.

[0022] It is understood that in other embodiments, other rotational power methods may also be used, such as a motor connected to the tray 9 via a transmission mechanism.

[0023] like Figure 5As shown, the moving component includes a first linear power source, a slider guide rail assembly 13, a second linear power source, and a lifting power source. The first linear power source is mounted on the upper side of the support plate, and the second linear power source is connected to the lower side of the support plate via the slider guide rail assembly 13. The driving directions of the second linear power source and the first linear power source are parallel to each other. One end of the second linear power source is connected to the lifting power source via a connecting plate. The lifting power source is driven vertically, and a pallet gripper 16 is mounted at the end of the lifting power source, which grips the material pallet 10. In this embodiment, two lifting power sources are mounted on the connecting plate, enabling the simultaneous lifting of two material pallets 10. It is understood that in other embodiments, the number of lifting power sources can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

[0024] The first linear force drives the pallet gripper 16 to move towards the side closer to the material pallet 10; after the pallet gripper 16 grips the material pallet 10 under the action of the lifting force, the second linear force drives the material pallet 10 to move towards the gold-separating component 5. Therefore, the first and second linear forces work together to realize the bidirectional movement of the material pallet 10 in the Y direction.

[0025] In this embodiment, the first linear power source is a linear electric cylinder 12, the second linear power source is a rodless cylinder 14, and the lifting power source is a lifting cylinder 15; the above power sources can also be replaced with other driving methods.

[0026] Because the material pallet 10 has T-shaped support rods, and the pallet grippers 16 are provided with support grooves 20, the T-shaped support rods of the material pallet 10 are supported by the support grooves 20. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the pallet gripper 16 includes a cantilever 18 and support blocks 19. One end of the cantilever 18 is fixed to the end of the lifting power unit, and the other end of the cantilever 18 has a V-shaped opening to avoid the vertical section of the T-shaped support rod. Two support blocks 19 are installed on the top of the V-shaped opening, and the support blocks 19 have support grooves 20. Of course, the number of support blocks 19 can be adjusted, as long as it can provide stable support for the material pallet 10.

[0027] In this embodiment, the support groove 20 is located at the end of the support block 19 away from the lifting power, and a protrusion is formed on the outside of the support groove 20, that is, one side of the top surface of the support groove 20 is higher than the other side, which plays a limiting role for the T-shaped support rod.

[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a heating device 7 is provided on one side of the material tray 9. The heating device 7 is used to dry excess moisture in the material tray 10 after washing. The heating device 7 includes a heating module 25 and a driving module for the heating module 25. In this embodiment, the driving module includes a telescopic cylinder 21, a slide rail 23, a slider 22, and a linkage mechanism 24. The slide rail 23 is fixed on the frame 1, and its setting direction is perpendicular to the movement direction of the tray gripper 16, i.e., along the X direction. The slider 22 cooperates with the slide rail 23, and the top of the slider 22 is connected to the heating module 25 through the linkage mechanism 24. At the same time, the slider 22 is connected to the telescopic cylinder 21. When the slider 22 moves along the slide rail 23 under the push of the telescopic cylinder 21, the linkage mechanism 24 drives the heating module 25 to move closer to or away from the material tray 10 along the X direction. When the heating module 25 contacts the material tray 10, it can dry excess moisture. In this embodiment, the heating module 25 can be electrically heated.

[0029] Multiple containers are arranged between the rotary feeding mechanism 4 and the gold separating component 5, such as... Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment sets up two sets of nitric acid solution containers, each set having two containers: a first nitric acid solution container 38, a second nitric acid solution container 39, a third nitric acid solution container 40, and a fourth nitric acid solution container 41. The first nitric acid solution container 38 and the second nitric acid solution container 39 are used to prepare a solution ratio of 1 ml of nitric acid (hot acid) and 7 ml of distilled water in 20 ml of water. The third nitric acid solution container 40 and the fourth nitric acid solution container 41 are used to prepare a solution ratio of 1 ml of nitric acid (hot acid) and 2 ml of distilled water in 20 ml of water.

[0030] This embodiment also includes two cleaning containers, namely a first cleaning container 42 and a second cleaning container 43, both of which are filled with distilled water. In this embodiment, a first nitric acid solution container 38 and a second nitric acid solution container 39 are located on one side of the two cleaning containers, while a third nitric acid solution container 40 and a fourth nitric acid solution container 41 are located on the other side of the two cleaning containers.

[0031] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the gold-separating component 5 includes a bracket 26. A lifting cover mechanism, a mixing mechanism, and a feeding pipe are installed on the bracket 26 in layers. In this embodiment, the lifting cover mechanism is installed on the top of the bracket 26. The lifting cover mechanism is connected to the bracket 26 through a first linear module 27. The extension direction of the first linear module 27 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the tray gripper 16, that is, it is set along the X direction.

[0032] In this embodiment, the lifting cover mechanism includes a first electric lifter 30 and a lifting assembly. The first electric lifter 30 can drive the lifting assembly to extract the material tray 10, thereby transferring the material tray 10 from the tray gripper 16 to the lifting assembly. The first electric lifter 30 is mounted on the first linear module 27 and can move relative to the bracket 26 in the X direction. The lifting assembly includes a guide plate 31, a guide rod 33, and a lifting cover 34. The number of lifting covers 34 is the same as the number of tray grippers 16. Each lifting cover 34 engages with a guide sleeve 32 on the upper side of the guide plate 31 via its top guide rod 33. The guide rod 33 passes through the guide sleeve 32 and extends a certain length to the upper side of the guide plate 31. Two lifting rods 35 are spaced apart at the bottom of the lifting cover 34. The lifting rods 35 have hook heads at their ends, which support the T-shaped support rods of the material tray 10.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first electric lifter 30 adopts the winch principle and uses a wire rope to drive the lifting cover 34 to rise and fall.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, the mixing mechanism is installed on the second layer of the support 26 and connected to the support 26 via the second linear module 28. The mixing mechanism includes a second electric lift 36 and a mixing component. The second electric lift 36 is connected to the mixing component via a mounting plate. Under the action of the second electric lift 36, the mixing component can be lowered into the container. After the batching is completed, the second electric lift 36 raises the mixing component 37. In this embodiment, two sets of mixing components are installed on the lower side of the mounting plate to simultaneously correspond to two containers.

[0035] The mixing component includes multiple mixing discs 9 spaced vertically. The mixing principle in this embodiment is based on vibration. The second electric lift 36 operates on the same principle as the first electric lift 3.

[0036] The lowest layer of the bracket 26 is equipped with a distilled water pipe 44 via a third linear module 29. Under the action of the third linear module 29, the position of the distilled water pipe 44 can be moved to add distilled water to different containers.

[0037] In this embodiment, the rotary feeding mechanism 4, heating device 7, and container group 6 are all arranged on the same side of the gold separating component 5, with layered and partitioned arrangement in the X / Y direction, resulting in a compact overall structure. A dedicated pallet gripper 16 and lifting component are designed for the T-shaped support rod of the material pallet 10 to ensure the stability of the transfer process.

[0038] In this embodiment, the rotary motor 17 drives the material tray 9 to rotate 180°, sending the material tray 10 into the internal material picking area, providing space for the grippers to pick up the material; the lifting cylinder 15 drives the tray grippers 16 to rise and fall, cooperating with the support groove 20 and the V-shaped opening to accurately lift the T-shaped support rod; the first linear electric cylinder 12 and the rodless cylinder 14 are linked to realize double-stroke transfer in the Y direction, realizing the continuous handover of loading → picking → conveying to the gold separation component 5. The lifting cover mechanism can move in the X direction, which can sequentially send the material tray 10 into different nitric acid solution containers and cleaning containers, realizing the sequential switching of the gold separation and cleaning processes.

[0039] In this embodiment, the gold separation component 5 is arranged in layers, each equipped with an X-axis moving module, ensuring no interference between them. They can operate synchronously or sequentially according to the process sequence, resulting in a compact and efficient process. Furthermore, four nitric acid solution containers are arranged in zones according to two different ratios, while two cleaning containers are centrally located, forming a complete process path of acid pickling and gold separation followed by water washing and acid removal. The lifting cap mechanism immerses the tray into different containers in a preset sequence, achieving gradient acid pickling and thorough cleaning to guarantee the gold separation effect.

[0040] Example 2: This embodiment provides an automatic gold separation method for fire assay, based on the automatic gold separation device for fire assay described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps: Step 1: Place the flattened gold and silver granules into the PTFE filter 11, and then place the material tray 10 into the material tray 9.

[0041] Step 2: The rotary motor 17 in the rotary feeding mechanism 4 rotates 180° clockwise. After the linear electric cylinder 12 extends to a certain position, the lifting cylinder 15 extends, causing the pallet gripper 16 to descend. When the pallet gripper 16 descends to the lower side of the T-shaped support rod of the material pallet 10 to be clamped, the lifting cylinder 15 stops extending, and the linear cylinder continues to extend until the pallet gripper 16 reaches directly below the material pallet 10. At this time, the lifting cylinder 15 retracts, and the pallet gripper 16 lifts the material pallet 10.

[0042] Step 3: The rodless cylinder 14 extends, moving the material tray 10 towards the gold-separating component 5. The lifting cover mechanism is already in the middle position, waiting. When the material tray 10 reaches the position above the lifting rod 35, the lifting cylinder 15 in the rotating feeding mechanism 4 extends, completing the handover of the material tray 10. The rodless cylinder 14 retracts to its initial position. At this time, the second addition of the material tray 10 can be performed.

[0043] Step 4: Prepare a solution ratio of 1 ml of nitric acid (hot acid) and 7 ml of distilled water in the first nitric acid solution container 38 and the second nitric acid solution container 39 in advance. Prepare a solution ratio of 1 ml of nitric acid (hot acid) and 2 ml of distilled water in the third nitric acid solution container 40 and the fourth nitric acid solution container in advance. Pour distilled water into the first cleaning container 42 and the second cleaning container 43.

[0044] Distilled water is injected through distilled water pipe 44, and nitric acid solution is injected through glass tube at the bottom of nitric acid solution container. During the mixing process of nitric acid and distilled water, the mixing mechanism is driven by the second linear module 28 to reach the container, and the second electric lifter 36 lowers the mixing component. After reaching the corresponding height in the container, it is fully stirred under vibration.

[0045] Step 5: After the lifting lid mechanism picks up the material tray 10, it proceeds with the gold-separating process. First, under the action of the first linear module 27, the material tray 10 is transferred above the first nitric acid solution container 38 and the second nitric acid solution container 39. The first electric lifter 30 then places the material tray 10 into the corresponding nitric acid solution container, with the lifting lid 34 covering the top of the container. After boiling at 100°C for 30 minutes, the waste liquid generated in the first nitric acid solution container 38 and the second nitric acid solution container 39 is discharged through the lower pipe.

[0046] The first electric lifter 30 lifts the material tray 10 and transfers it to the first cleaning container 42 and the second cleaning container 43 for cleaning. After cleaning twice, the material tray 10 is transferred to the third nitric acid solution container 40 and the fourth nitric acid solution container 41 for secondary acid evaporation. Similarly, after boiling at 100°C for 30 minutes, it is transferred to the first cleaning container 42 and the second cleaning container 43 for cleaning.

[0047] Step 6: After cleaning, the rodless cylinder 14 extends a certain length, and the lifting cylinder 15 retracts to complete the transfer of the material tray 10. Then, the rodless cylinder 14 retracts and the lifting cylinder 15 extends, placing the material back into the initial tray 9 position. The rotary motor 17 drives the tray 9 to rotate 90° clockwise, and the telescopic cylinder 21 of the heating device 7 extends, bringing the heating module 25 into contact with the material tray 10 until excess moisture is dried. After drying is complete, the telescopic cylinder 21 retracts to stop heating, and the rotary motor 17 drives the tray 9 to rotate 90° clockwise again. At this point, the material tray 10 can be removed.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic gold-separating device for fire assaying, characterized in that, The frame includes a rotating feeding mechanism, a container group, and a gold-separating component, which are sequentially arranged along the Y direction on the upper side of the frame. The rotary feeding mechanism includes a rotatable tray with a tray gripper above it. The tray gripper is connected to the lower side of a moving component, which provides Y-axis and Z-axis movement for the tray gripper. The gold-separating component includes a layered lifting cover mechanism and a mixing mechanism, which are respectively mounted on the bracket via linear modules arranged in the X direction.

2. The automatic gold-separating device for fire testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving component includes a first linear power source, a slider guide rail assembly, a second linear power source, and a lifting power source, with the slider guide rail assembly connecting the first linear power source and the second linear power source. At least two lifting motors are installed on the lower side of the second linear power unit, and each lifting motor is connected to a set of pallet grippers.

3. An automatic gold-separating device for fire testing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pallet gripper includes a cantilever and a support block. One end of the cantilever is fixed to the end of the lifting power unit, and at least two support blocks are fixed to the other end of the cantilever. The support block is provided with a support groove.

4. The automatic gold separation device for fire testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary feeding mechanism also includes a heating device, which includes a heating module and a drive module. The drive module can drive the heating module to move closer to or away from the material tray.

5. The automatic gold separation device for fire testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting cover mechanism includes a first electric lifter and lifting components, wherein the first electric lifter is connected to at least two sets of lifting components.

6. The automatic gold-separating device for fire testing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a guide plate, a guide rod, and a lifting cover. The guide rod passes through a guide sleeve on the guide plate and is connected to the lifting cover. The bottom of the pull-out cover is equipped with at least two pull rods.

7. The automatic gold separation device for fire testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism includes a second electric lift and a mixing component, wherein the second electric lift is connected to at least two mixing components; The mixing component mixes materials based on the principle of vibration.

8. The automatic gold-separating device for fire testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container group includes two sets of nitric acid containers and one set of cleaning containers, with the cleaning containers positioned between the two sets of nitric acid containers.

9. An automatic gold separation method for fire assaying, characterized in that, The automatic gold-separating device as described in any one of claims 1-8 comprises: The material tray containing gold and silver granules is placed in the rotary feeding mechanism. After rotation and lifting, the rotary feeding mechanism transfers the material tray to the gold separation component. The gold-separating component injects nitric acid and distilled water into the nitric acid solution container according to the preset ratio and mixes them well. The driving material tray is then immersed in the nitric acid solution container in sequence to carry out the acid evaporation reaction, and then transferred to the cleaning container for cleaning. After cleaning, the material tray is returned to its initial position by a rotating feeding mechanism, dried by a heating device, and finally discharged.

10. The automatic gold separation method for fire assaying according to claim 9, characterized in that, The acid evaporation reaction includes at least two processes, and each acid evaporation is followed by a cleaning process.

Images