A cutting piece stretch appearance detection and grading device
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BADER AUTOMOTIVE LEATHER DALIAN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
这种方式耗时费力，需要消耗大量的人力劳动，最主要的是操作者在长时间操作后，由于体力的消耗，难以充分拉伸皮片，进而影响外观检测的准确性
本种结构形式的裁片拉伸外观检测及分档装置，其结构简单，设计巧妙，布局合理。它针对传统的拉伸检测以及裁片分档两步操作时所存在的问题，设计出一种特殊的结构，它利用两侧的夹紧机构固定裁片，然后控制拉伸机构中的顶升治具上行，对裁片进行拉伸、并使其变形；由于顶升治具的特殊形状（顶端面为圆弧面），因此能够充分对裁片进行拉伸，便于操作者直观、快捷地观察裁片表面的瑕疵；并且它能够将检测过程中的各项参数进行统一化、标准化，如裁片两侧拉伸的力和距离，以及顶升治具的顶升高度等，都能够严格按照设定的数值实现，进而做到科学的、量化的分档操作，降低对于操作者自身经验的依赖，同时还能够保证分档筛选的质量。同时它能够在一个工位、一次操作中完成两个不同的操作步骤（外观瑕疵检测和分档操作），有效提高了工作效率。同时这种装置的制作工艺简单，制造成本低廉，因此可以说它具备了多种优点，特别适合于在本领域中推广应用，其市场前景十分广阔。
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Figure CN122505682A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of product quality inspection of leather products, and in particular to a device for inspecting and grading the tensile appearance of cut pieces. Background Technology
[0002] Car steering wheels need to be covered with leather. Because the leather needs to be fully stretched when covered, imperfections that are difficult to observe under normal conditions become clearly visible after covering. Therefore, when manufacturing the leather for car steering wheels, it is necessary to inspect its appearance for defects under stretching. The traditional method involves using a clamp to hold one side of the leather, while an operator pulls the other side to stretch and extend it, observing the appearance of the leather in this state and visually inspecting for defects. This method is time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring a significant amount of manual labor. Most importantly, after prolonged operation, the operator's physical exertion makes it difficult to fully stretch the leather, thus affecting the accuracy of the appearance inspection.
[0003] At the same time, different leather pieces have different degrees of stretchability. Traditionally, different leather pieces are graded according to their stretchability. However, this stretchability is often non-quantitative, meaning that the grading is judged by the staff based on their experience. This has a significant subjective influence and is highly dependent on the operator's experience. This makes it difficult to promote on a large scale in factories and severely limits work efficiency.
[0004] Therefore, a method or apparatus is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention addresses the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a device that is simple in structure, ingenious in design, and reasonable in layout, capable of efficiently and conveniently stretching cut pieces while ensuring uniform stretching conditions, and capable of grading cut pieces based on the stretching results.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a device for inspecting and classifying the appearance of cut pieces by stretching, including a frame, a worktable is provided on the top of the frame, characterized in that: a stretching mechanism is provided on the worktable, a clamping mechanism is provided on each side of the stretching mechanism, and the two clamping mechanisms are symmetrically distributed, and a bracket is also provided on the frame located below the worktable. The tensioning mechanism includes a servo ball screw lifting mechanism mounted on a bracket. The servo ball screw lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw, the top end of which is rotatably connected to the bottom end face of the lifting frame. The lifting frame is slidably connected to the bracket via a longitudinal slide rail. A pressure sensor is installed inside the lifting frame. The tensioning mechanism also includes a lifting fixture. A support column is installed in the middle of the bottom end face of the lifting fixture. The support column is movably connected to the top plate of the lifting frame, and the bottom end of the support column can contact the pressure sensor. The top end face of the lifting fixture is an arc surface. The clamping mechanism includes an adjusting motor fixedly supported on a bracket. The output end of the adjusting motor is connected to a screw rotatably supported on the bracket. The screw is threadedly connected to a nut block located on the bottom surface of the slide. The slide is slidably connected to the bracket via a horizontal slide rail. A clamping cylinder is longitudinally distributed on the top surface of the slide. The working end of the clamping cylinder is rotatably connected to one end of a pressure rod. A pressure block is located at the other end of the pressure rod. The middle part of the pressure rod is hinged to the top of a support swing rod via a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the support swing rod is rotatably supported on the cylinder portion of the clamping cylinder. A lower clamp is also provided on the slide, and the pressure block corresponds to the position of the lower clamp.
[0007] The workbench is also equipped with lighting fixtures corresponding to the position of the stretching mechanism.
[0008] A pair of grating sensors are installed on the workbench. When the operator operates the clamping mechanism, the signal between the two grating sensors will be blocked.
[0009] The workbench is equipped with two symmetrically distributed start buttons, which are located at opposite ends of the workbench.
[0010] Two symmetrically distributed guide plates are provided on the bottom end surface of the lifting fixture, and the guide plates are movably connected to the top plate of the lifting frame.
[0011] An initial height sensor is installed on the workbench. When the lifting fixture is inserted into place, the bottom edge of the side of the lifting fixture can trigger the initial height sensor.
[0012] The workbench is also equipped with a touch screen control panel, while the power distribution box is installed on the rack below the workbench.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This type of fabric piece stretching appearance inspection and grading device features a simple structure, ingenious design, and reasonable layout. Addressing the problems of traditional two-step operations involving stretching inspection and fabric piece grading, it employs a unique structure. It uses clamping mechanisms on both sides to fix the fabric pieces, then controls the upward movement of the lifting fixture in the stretching mechanism to stretch and deform the fabric pieces. Due to the special shape of the lifting fixture (a curved top surface), it can fully stretch the fabric pieces, allowing the operator to visually and quickly observe surface defects. Furthermore, it standardizes and unifies various parameters during the inspection process, such as the stretching force and distance on both sides of the fabric piece, and the lifting height of the lifting fixture, all strictly adhering to set values. This enables scientific and quantitative grading operations, reducing reliance on operator experience while ensuring the quality of grading and screening. Simultaneously, it can complete two different operation steps (appearance defect inspection and grading) in one workstation and one operation, effectively improving work efficiency. At the same time, this device has a simple manufacturing process and low manufacturing cost, so it can be said that it has many advantages and is particularly suitable for promotion and application in this field, with a very broad market prospect. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] Figure 3 This is a partial rear view of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] Frame 1, Workbench 2, Bracket 3, Servo ball screw lifting mechanism 4, Lifting screw 5, Lifting frame 6, Slide rail 7, Pressure sensor 8, Lifting fixture 9, Support column 10, Adjusting motor 11, Screw 12, Slide table 13, Horizontal slide rail 14, Clamping cylinder 15, Pressure rod 16, Pressure block 17, Support swing arm 18, Lower clamp 19, Lighting fixture 20, Grating sensor 21, Start button 22, Guide plate 23, Initial height sensor 24, Touch screen control panel 25, Power distribution box 26. Detailed Implementation
[0018] Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 3 As shown: A fabric stretching appearance inspection and grading device includes a frame 1 as a base, a worktable 2 is provided on the top of the frame 1, a stretching mechanism is provided on the worktable 2, a clamping mechanism is provided on both sides of the stretching mechanism, and the two clamping mechanisms are symmetrically distributed. A bracket 3 is also provided on the frame 1 located below the worktable 2. The stretching mechanism includes a servo ball screw lifting mechanism 4 mounted on the bracket 3. The servo ball screw lifting mechanism 4 includes a lifting screw 5. The top end of the lifting screw 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom end face of the lifting frame 6. The lifting frame 6 is slidably connected to the bracket 3 via a longitudinal slide rail 7. A pressure sensor 8 is installed inside the lifting frame 6. The stretching mechanism also includes a lifting fixture 9. A support column 10 is installed in the middle of the bottom end face of the lifting fixture 9. The support column 10 is movably connected to the top plate of the lifting frame 6, and the bottom end of the support column 10 can contact the pressure sensor 8. The top end face of the lifting fixture 9 is an arc surface. The clamping mechanism includes an adjusting motor 11 fixedly supported on the bracket 3. The output end of the adjusting motor 11 is connected to a screw 12 rotatably supported on the bracket 3. The screw 12 is threadedly connected to a nut block provided on the bottom surface of the slide table 13. The slide table 13 is slidably connected to the bracket 3 via a horizontal slide rail 14. A clamping cylinder 15 is provided on the top surface of the slide table 13 in a longitudinal direction. The working end of the clamping cylinder 15 is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure rod 16. A pressure block 17 is provided on the other end of the pressure rod 16. The middle part of the pressure rod 16 is hinged to the top end of the support swing rod 18 via a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the support swing rod 18 is rotatably supported on the cylinder part of the clamping cylinder 15. A lower clamp 19 is also provided on the slide table 13. The positions of the pressure block 17 and the lower clamp 19 are corresponding.
[0019] The workbench 2 is also equipped with a lighting fixture 20 corresponding to the position of the stretching mechanism.
[0020] The workbench 2 is equipped with a pair of grating sensors 21. When the operator operates the clamping mechanism, the signal between the two grating sensors 21 will be blocked.
[0021] The workbench 2 is provided with two symmetrically distributed start buttons 22, and these two start buttons 22 are located at opposite ends of the workbench 2.
[0022] Two symmetrically distributed guide plates 23 are provided on the bottom surface of the lifting fixture 9, and the guide plates 23 are movably connected to the top plate of the lifting frame 6.
[0023] The workbench 2 is equipped with an initial height sensor 24. When the lifting fixture 9 is inserted into place, the bottom edge of the side of the lifting fixture 9 can trigger the initial height sensor 24.
[0024] The workbench 2 is also equipped with a touch screen control panel 25, while the rack 1 below the workbench 2 is equipped with a power distribution box 26.
[0025] The working process of the fabric stretching appearance inspection and grading device in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: When it is necessary to perform appearance defect inspection and grading on a certain fabric piece, first take the fabric piece, and use two clamping mechanisms to clamp its two opposite sides respectively. Then, send a command through the touch screen control panel 25 to control the two clamping mechanisms to move simultaneously in a direction away from each other, so that the fabric piece is stretched to a straight state. It should be noted that before performing stretching and grading operations, the distance between the two clamping mechanisms should be set in advance according to the specific size specifications of the cut pieces being operated. For example, if this device needs to operate on cut pieces of specification 1, specification 2... specification n, it is determined in advance through experiments that when processing cut pieces of specification 1, the distance between the two clamping mechanisms should be kept at H1 to keep the cut pieces in a taut state ready for stretching; when processing cut pieces of specification 2, the distance between the two clamping mechanisms should be kept at H2... and when processing cut pieces of specification n, the distance between the two clamping mechanisms should be kept at Hn. After the cut piece is stretched to a straight state, the touch screen control panel 25 issues a command to control the stretching mechanism. The lifting fixture 9 in the stretching mechanism lifts the cut piece upward. The cut piece will deform and stretch under the action of the lifting fixture 9. The operator can find possible defects on the cut piece by observation, thus completing the appearance inspection of the target cut piece. During the above-mentioned actions, since the transmission ratios of each transmission mechanism in the stretching mechanism are known, the lifting height of the lifting fixture 9 can be precisely controlled by the output revolutions of the servo ball screw lifting mechanism 4. At the same time, the force applied to the lifting fixture 9 due to the elastic deformation of the cut piece can be measured by the pressure sensor 8. Based on the above parameters, the degree of deformation of the cut piece under the condition of unit lifting height can be calculated, and then the elongation rate of the target cut piece can be calculated. The cut pieces are then graded according to the elongation rate. The device will directly display the calculated elongation rate result on the display part of the touch screen control panel 25. The operator will put the cut pieces removed from the clamping mechanism into the cut piece collection container of the corresponding grade according to the result. The working process of the stretching mechanism is as follows: When the stretching mechanism needs to be activated, the control system sends a signal to the servo ball screw lifting mechanism 4, which then operates. The lifting screw 5 moves upward, causing the lifting frame 6 connected to its top to rise relative to the worktable 2. This, in turn, causes the lifting fixture 9 to rise, lifting the cut piece upward. The cut piece undergoes a certain degree of elastic deformation. Due to this elastic deformation, the lifting fixture 9 bears the pressure from the cut piece and transmits this pressure to the pressure sensor 8 (which has been reset to zero before operation). Because the transmission ratio of the ball screw transmission pair in the servo ball screw lifting mechanism 4 is already... Therefore, the lifting distance of the lifting screw 5 can be precisely controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the servo motor. In other words, the stretching mechanism can lift the lifting fixture 9 a specific distance to stretch and deform the cut piece, and measure the pressure applied by the cut piece to the lifting fixture 9 under the current stretching state. After obtaining the above data (the pressure sensor 8 can send the detected data to the control system), the control system of this device automatically calculates the elongation rate of the cut piece, compares the obtained elongation rate data with the grading standards in the database, determines which grade it should be classified into, and finally displays the relevant results on the display part of the touch screen control panel 25. It should be noted that when the lifting fixture 9 is inserted into the lifting frame 6, when the lifting fixture 9 is inserted into place (that is, when the support column 10 contacts the pressure sensor 8, causing the lifting fixture 9 to be unable to continue to descend), the initial height sensor 24 is triggered by the bottom edge of the side of the lifting fixture 9, indicating that the lifting fixture 9 is ready and located at the 0 point position in the height direction. The working process of the clamping mechanism is as follows: When it is necessary to use the clamping mechanism to clamp the edge of the cut piece, the control system sends a signal to the clamping cylinder 15, the clamping cylinder 15 is activated, and the end of the pressure rod 16 moves upward. Since the middle part of the pressure rod 16 is supported by the rotation of the support swing rod 18, the above action will drive the pressure block 17 at the other end of the pressure rod 16 to move downward. The pressure block 17 and the lower clamp 19 below it together clamp and fix the edge of the cut piece. When the pressure blocks 17 on both sides have completed the clamping action, the control system sends a command to the two adjusting motors 11. The adjusting motors 11 drive the screw 12 to rotate, and then drive the slide table 13 to move horizontally relative to the bracket 3 through the horizontal slide rail 14 to change the distance between the two clamping mechanisms, so that the cut piece being tested is kept taut. At the same time, this adjustable distance structure can also adapt to cut pieces of different specifications. During operation, the lighting fixture 20 provides sufficient light for observing defects. When the operator performs operations such as clamping the cut pieces, the signal between the two grating sensors 21 will inevitably be blocked. When the control system detects that the signal between the grating sensors 21 is blocked, the device cannot operate, which can effectively ensure the safety of the operator. After the operator finishes the relevant operations, press the start button 22 with both hands at the same time. The control system will detect the signals sent by the two start buttons 22 and detect that the two grating sensors 21 are in a normal signal transmission state before sending signals to each actuator in the device, and the device will start working. It should be noted that there can be multiple types of lifting fixture 9. When operating on cut pieces of different specifications, the lifting fixture 9 of the corresponding size can be replaced.
Claims
1. A device for inspecting and grading the appearance of cut pieces under stretching conditions, comprising a frame (1), wherein a worktable (2) is provided on the top of the frame (1), characterized in that: The workbench (2) is provided with a stretching mechanism, and a clamping mechanism is provided on each side of the stretching mechanism. The two clamping mechanisms are symmetrically distributed. A bracket (3) located below the workbench (2) is also provided on the frame (1). The stretching mechanism includes a servo ball screw lifting mechanism (4) set on the bracket (3), the servo ball screw lifting mechanism (4) includes a lifting screw (5), the top end of the lifting screw (5) is rotatably connected to the bottom end face of the lifting frame (6), the lifting frame (6) is slidably connected to the bracket (3) through the longitudinal slide rail (7), a pressure sensor (8) is set inside the lifting frame (6), the stretching mechanism also includes a lifting fixture (9), a support column (10) is set in the middle of the bottom end face of the lifting fixture (9), the support column (10) is movably connected to the top plate of the lifting frame (6), and the bottom end of the support column (10) can contact the pressure sensor (8), the top end face of the lifting fixture (9) is an arc surface; The clamping mechanism includes an adjusting motor (11) fixedly supported on the bracket (3). The output end of the adjusting motor (11) is connected to a screw (12) rotatably supported on the bracket (3). The screw (12) is threadedly connected to a nut block set on the bottom surface of the slide (13). The slide (13) is slidably connected to the bracket (3) via a horizontal slide rail (14). A clamping cylinder (15) is longitudinally distributed on the top surface of the slide (13). The working end of the clamping cylinder (15) is rotatably connected to one end of the pressure rod (16), and the other end of the pressure rod (16) is provided with a pressure block (17). The middle part of the pressure rod (16) is hinged to the top of the support swing rod (18) through a rotating shaft, and the bottom end of the support swing rod (18) is rotatably supported on the cylinder part of the clamping cylinder (15). A lower clamp (19) is also provided on the slide table (13), and the pressure block (17) and the lower clamp (19) are positioned corresponding to each other.
2. The device for inspecting and grading the stretched appearance of cut pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (2) is also equipped with a lighting fixture (20) corresponding to the position of the stretching mechanism.
3. The device for inspecting and grading the stretch appearance of cut pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of grating sensors (21) are provided on the workbench (2). When the operator operates the clamping mechanism, the signal between the two grating sensors (21) will be blocked.
4. The device for inspecting and grading the stretch appearance of cut pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (2) is provided with two symmetrically distributed start buttons (22), and these two start buttons (22) are located at both ends of the workbench (2).
5. The device for inspecting and grading the stretch appearance of cut pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two symmetrically distributed guide plates (23) are provided on the bottom end surface of the lifting fixture (9), and the guide plates (23) are movably connected to the top plate of the lifting frame (6).
6. The device for inspecting and grading the stretch appearance of cut pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: An initial height sensor (24) is provided on the workbench (2). When the lifting fixture (9) is inserted into place, the bottom edge of the side of the lifting fixture (9) can trigger the initial height sensor (24).
7. The device for inspecting and grading the stretch appearance of cut pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (2) is also equipped with a touch screen control panel (25), while the rack (1) below the workbench (2) is equipped with a power distribution box (26).