Skirt integrated vehicle-mounted atmosphere light cable

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of optical cable technology, and particularly relates to an integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable, comprising a polyurethane skirt, a cavity, multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers, and a composite cable sheath. The polyurethane skirt is located above the composite cable sheath, and a central opening in the polyurethane skirt forms a cavity. The cavity is a closed hollow structure, and the lower end of the polyurethane skirt bulges downward. A fiber-retaining cavity is formed between the composite cable sheath and the polyurethane skirt, and the ultra-fine diameter optical fibers are located within the fiber-retaining cavity. The polyurethane skirt and the composite cable sheath are integrally formed. This invention has the advantages of uniform corner brightness, high space utilization, lower assembly cost, excellent durability, and wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical cable technology, and in particular discloses an integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable. Background Technology

[0002] In the optical cable manufacturing industry, with the intelligent upgrading of automotive cabin interiors, in-vehicle ambient lighting is gradually developing towards full-area flowing light and multi-point linkage. High-core-count light-guiding ambient optical cables have become core components of interior lighting systems, widely used in interior ambient light strips, door sill lights, center console ambient lights, and marker lights. Existing conventional in-vehicle ambient optical cables generally have three major pain points: First, when the optical cable is laid in a bent manner (at door hinges, dashboard corners, etc.), the internal optical fibers are squeezed and shifted, resulting in fewer effective light-guiding fibers in some areas, which easily leads to brightness attenuation and light-dark discontinuity at bends; Second, the light uniformity of traditional sheath materials is poor, and light leakage and local whitening failure occur at damaged locations; Third, conventional circular bundled optical cables have loose fiber arrangement, low space utilization, and limited core count for the same outer diameter. During installation, additional clips, slots, and glue are required for fixation, making the assembly process cumbersome and the construction cost high.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing products, this invention proposes a high-core-count vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable with an integrated skirt. Through innovative combinations of dynamically adjustable core count arrangement, multi-layer gradient scattering cable sheath, integrated skirt structure, and quick-connect connectors that eliminate the need for optical coupling, the product performance is optimized from multiple dimensions, including optical performance, structural stability, and vehicle compatibility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to disclose an integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable, which is achieved using the following technical solution.

[0005] An integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable includes a polyurethane skirt, a cavity, multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers, and a composite cable sheath. The polyurethane skirt is located above the composite cable sheath. The central opening of the polyurethane skirt forms a cavity, which is a closed hollow structure. The lower end of the polyurethane skirt protrudes downward to limit and accommodate ultra-fine diameter optical fibers. The lateral movement of the ultra-fine diameter optical fibers is constrained by the polyurethane skirt body, thus structurally preventing the ultra-fine diameter optical fibers from clustering and overlapping. A fiber-accommodating cavity is formed between the composite cable sheath and the polyurethane skirt. The protruding part of the polyurethane skirt is located inside the fiber-accommodating cavity, and the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber is located inside the fiber-accommodating cavity.

[0006] The aforementioned integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable features a polyurethane skirt and a composite cable sheath integrally molded, with the cable sheath being integrally molded with the polyurethane skirt, thereby improving the overall sealing and structural strength of the cable body.

[0007] The aforementioned integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable has a three-layer composite cable sheath: an inner layer of nano-TiO2 / silicone resin high-reflectivity layer, a middle layer of polyurethane-urea self-healing elastic layer, and an outer layer of flexible TPE scattering layer doped with scattering particles.

[0008] The inner reflective layer narrows the optical path and reduces light leakage loss, the middle self-healing layer can automatically repair itself after minor scratches or bumps to the cable sheath, and the outer scattering layer performs uniform diffusion treatment on the outgoing light, further optimizing the uniformity of light output throughout the entire optical cable.

[0009] The aforementioned integrated vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable with a skirt uses a polyurethane skirt made of foamed modified polyurethane foam substrate, which has the characteristics of high toughness, low temperature resistance, and resistance to vehicle-mounted damp heat aging.

[0010] Polyurethane foam has the property of expanding under stress. During the assembly process, the polyurethane skirt is directly embedded into the groove of the vehicle body. After being embedded, the polyurethane skirt is slightly expanded by the pressure of the groove wall. It is fixed by interference locking with the inner wall of the groove due to the expansion tension. No auxiliary fixing materials such as glue, tape, and clips are needed throughout the process, which simplifies the wiring assembly process of the whole vehicle.

[0011] The aforementioned integrated automotive ambient optical cable with a polyurethane skirt has an outer contour that can precisely match and fix to the grooves in the automotive interior.

[0012] The aforementioned integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable, when the optical cable is laid to the corner of the laying groove, the cavity undergoes compression deformation. The sidewall of the cavity can then exert lateral support thrust on the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber on the lower side, pushing the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber to slide and converge towards the outside of the optical cable bend.

[0013] The cavity is the core structure for dynamically adjusting the number of optical fibers at the corner of the cable. When the optical cable is laid to the corner of the laying groove, the cavity undergoes compression deformation under the bending force because the polyurethane skirt is already fixed inside the groove of the vehicle body. The side wall of the cavity forms a lateral support thrust on the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber below, pushing the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber to slide and converge towards the outside of the cable bend (in the direction of the corner arc surface). This passively increases the number of ultra-fine diameter optical fibers effectively arranged at the corner and improves the local density of ultra-fine diameter optical fibers. By dynamically changing the actual number of working fibers at the corner, the bending loss of the optical path is compensated, ensuring that the light output brightness in the corner area is basically consistent with that of the straight section. The hollow structure of the cavity has sufficient deformation margin to adapt to different bending curvatures of vehicle wiring conditions. The cavity aperture can be adjusted as needed according to the overall specifications of the optical cable.

[0014] The aforementioned integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable has an inner diameter of 1.6mm for its composite cable sheath.

[0015] The aforementioned integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable uses ultra-fine diameter optical fibers with an ultra-fine specification design. The outer diameter of a single ultra-fine diameter optical fiber is tiny, and more than 800 ultra-fine diameter optical fibers can be deployed in the fiber cavity.

[0016] The aforementioned integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable, with its high-density arrangement and composite cable sheath with uniform light scattering structure, has a normal output brightness of 380–420 nits.

[0017] The aforementioned integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable is characterized in that its manufacturing method includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare materials: According to the design requirements, prepare raw materials, including polyurethane skirt, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber, composite cable sheath, and select foamed modified polyurethane, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber, nano TiO2 modified TPE particles, and polyurethane-urea self-healing raw materials. Step 2: Processing and manufacturing: Extruded polyurethane skirt. The outline of the polyurethane skirt is shaped according to the standard dimensions of the groove in the automotive interior. A through hole is reserved in the center of the polyurethane skirt to form cavity 2. At the same time, three layers of composite cable sheath modification materials are prepared, namely materials for reflective layer, self-healing layer and scattering layer. The dimensional accuracy is strictly controlled during the processing to ensure that the dimensions of each component meet the design requirements. Step 3: Fiber optic pre-installation: Arrange multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers neatly on the underside of the polyurethane skirt, and lay more than 800 ultra-fine diameter optical fibers in a 1.6mm annular inner diameter space. The number of optical fibers can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the brightness requirements of the vehicle headlights. The finished optical cable has a conventional output brightness of 380 to 420 nits. Step 4: Integrated extrusion molding: The multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers and the polyurethane skirt are fed into the extrusion equipment together. The three-layer composite cable sheath is co-extruded over the multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers to achieve integrated molding of polyurethane skirt, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber and composite cable sheath, ensuring the integrity of the structure. Step 5: Post-molding shaping treatment: The extruded optical cable is water-cooled and shaped, and the polyurethane foam skirt naturally forms an elastic foam structure with the characteristics of expansion under pressure. At the same time, it ensures that the central cavity of the polyurethane skirt maintains a hollow shape and reserves the allowance for bending deformation. Step 6: Performance sampling inspection: Randomly select finished product samples to carry out bending and optical tests, repeatedly simulate the bending conditions of the car body corner, test the effect of cavity deformation driving the optical fiber to gather to the outside of the bend and dynamically increase the density of the optical fiber at the corner, verify the brightness at the bend position and the uniformity of the straight section, and test the self-repair capability after the cable sheath is slightly scratched. Step 7: Cutting and Matching: Cut the optical cable according to the required length of the vehicle wiring, select quick-connect connectors as needed at the ends, and complete the finished product packaging.

[0018] The aforementioned integrated skirt-type vehicle ambient optical cable is characterized by the following usage method: During the vehicle assembly stage, the polyurethane skirt is directly inserted into the pre-fabricated installation groove in the vehicle interior. The polyurethane skirt expands under the pressure of the groove wall to achieve interference self-locking fixation, without the need for glue, tape, or clips. During use, the optical cable's luminous status and sheath integrity are inspected periodically.

[0019] This application has the advantages of uniform corner brightness, high space utilization, lower assembly cost, excellent durability and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is the front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure, the corresponding figures are: 1. Polyurethane skirt, 2. Cavity, 3. Multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers, 4. Composite cable sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example: Figure 1 An integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable includes a polyurethane skirt 1, a cavity 2, multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3, and a composite cable sheath 4. The polyurethane skirt 1 is located above the composite cable sheath 4. The polyurethane skirt 1 and the composite cable sheath 4 are integrally molded. The polyurethane skirt 1 is made of foamed modified polyurethane foam substrate, which has the characteristics of high toughness, low temperature resistance, and resistance to vehicle damp heat aging. The outer contour of the polyurethane skirt 1 can be precisely matched and fixed with the interior wiring groove of the car. The central opening of the polyurethane skirt 1 forms a cavity 2. The lower end of the polyurethane skirt 1 protrudes downward to limit and accommodate the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3. The lateral movement of the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 is constrained by the polyurethane skirt 1 body, which structurally avoids the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 from clustering and overlapping. The foamed polyurethane has the characteristic of expanding under pressure. During the assembly operation, the polyurethane skirt 1 is directly embedded into the wiring groove of the car body. After being embedded, the polyurethane skirt 1 is slightly expanded by the pressure of the groove wall. It is fixed by interference fit with the inner wall of the groove due to the expansion tension. No glue, tape, clips or other auxiliary fixing materials are required throughout the process, which simplifies the whole vehicle wiring assembly process.

[0023] Cavity 2 is a closed hollow structure and is the core structure for realizing dynamic core number adjustment at the corner of the optical cable. When the optical cable is laid to the corner of the laying groove, since the polyurethane skirt 1 is already fixed inside the groove of the vehicle body, the cavity 2 undergoes compression deformation under the bending force. The side wall of the cavity 2 forms a lateral support thrust on the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 on the lower side, pushing the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 to slide and converge towards the outside of the optical cable bend (in the direction of the corner arc surface). This passively increases the number of ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3 effectively arranged at the corner and improves the local arrangement density of ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3. By dynamically changing the actual working core number at the corner, the bending loss of the optical path is compensated, and the light output brightness in the corner area is basically consistent with that of the straight section. The hollow structure of cavity 2 has sufficient deformation margin to adapt to the vehicle wiring conditions with different bending curvatures. The aperture of cavity 2 can be adjusted as needed according to the overall specifications of the optical cable.

[0024] The composite cable sheath 4 is a three-layer structure co-extruded from the inside out. The inner layer is a nano-TiO2 / silicone resin high-reflectivity layer, the middle layer is a polyurethane-urea self-healing elastic layer, and the outer layer is a flexible TPE scattering layer doped with scattering particles. The inner reflective layer narrows the light path and reduces light leakage loss. The middle self-healing layer can automatically repair itself after minor scratches or bumps to the cable sheath. The outer scattering layer performs homogenization and diffusion treatment on the outgoing light, further optimizing the light output uniformity of the entire optical cable. The composite cable sheath 4 is integrally formed with the polyurethane skirt 1, improving the overall sealing and structural strength of the cable body.

[0025] A fiber-receiving cavity is formed between the composite cable sheath 4 and the polyurethane skirt 1. The protrusion of the polyurethane skirt 1 is located within the fiber-receiving cavity, and the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 is located within the fiber-receiving cavity. The inner diameter of the composite cable sheath 4 is 1.6mm. The ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 adopts an ultra-fine specification design, with a tiny outer diameter of a single ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3. Over 800 optical fibers can be densely arranged within the fiber-receiving cavity. The high-density arrangement, combined with the uniform light scattering structure of the composite cable sheath 4, allows the finished ambient optical cable to achieve a normal output brightness of 380–420 nits, meeting the high-brightness requirements of the vehicle interior ambient lighting. The total number of optical fibers can be flexibly selected according to the power requirements of the vehicle lighting.

[0026] The specific preparation of this application can be divided into 8 sequential steps, as follows.

[0027] 1. Material preparation: According to the design requirements, prepare the necessary raw materials such as polyurethane skirt 1, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3, and composite cable sheath 4. Select foamed modified polyurethane, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 2, nano TiO2 modified TPE particles, and polyurethane-urea self-healing raw materials. The physical properties of each raw material are matched with the vehicle high and low temperature and aging resistance standards.

[0028] 2. Processing and manufacturing: Extruded polyurethane skirt 1. The outline of polyurethane skirt 1 is shaped according to the standard dimensions of the groove for automotive interior trim. A through hole is reserved in the center of polyurethane skirt 1 to form a cavity 2. At the same time, three layers of composite cable sheath 4 modified raw materials are prepared, namely the materials for the reflective layer, the self-healing layer and the scattering layer. The dimensional accuracy is strictly controlled during the processing to ensure that the dimensions of each component meet the design requirements.

[0029] 3. Fiber optic cable pre-installation: Multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3 are neatly arranged on the underside of the polyurethane skirt 1. This solution can lay more than 800 ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3 in a 1.6mm annular inner diameter space. The number of optical fibers can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the brightness requirements of vehicle headlights. The conventional output brightness of the finished optical cable can reach 380 to 420 nits.

[0030] 4. Integrated extrusion molding: The multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3 arranged together with the polyurethane skirt 1 are fed into the extrusion equipment. The multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3 are co-extruded and covered with three layers of composite cable sheath 4, realizing the integrated molding of polyurethane skirt 1, ultra-fine diameter optical fibers 3 and composite cable sheath 4, ensuring the integrity of the structure.

[0031] 5. Post-molding shaping treatment: The extruded optical cable is water-cooled and shaped, and the polyurethane foam skirt 1 naturally forms an elastic foam structure with the characteristics of expansion under pressure. At the same time, it ensures that the central cavity of the polyurethane skirt 1 maintains a hollow shape and reserves the allowance for bending deformation.

[0032] 6. Performance sampling inspection: Randomly select finished product samples to conduct bending and optical tests, repeatedly simulate the bending conditions of the car body corner, and verify the effect of cavity deformation driving the optical fiber to gather to the outside of the bend and dynamically increase the density of optical fiber at the corner. Verify the brightness and uniformity of the straight section at the bend position, and at the same time test the self-repair capability after the cable sheath is slightly scratched.

[0033] 7. Cutting and Matching: Cut the optical cable according to the required length of the vehicle wiring, select quick-connect connectors as needed at the ends, and complete the finished product packaging.

[0034] 8. Put into use: During the vehicle assembly stage, the polyurethane skirt 1 is directly inserted into the pre-fabricated groove of the vehicle body interior. The polyurethane skirt 1 is squeezed and expanded by the groove wall to achieve interference self-locking fixation, without the need for glue, tape, clips and other auxiliary materials. During use, the luminous status of the optical cable and the integrity of the sheath are inspected regularly.

[0035] Compared to existing conventional ambient optical cables, the integrated skirt-type vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable of this invention has the following technical advantages: 1. Uniform brightness at corners: By dynamically adjusting the effective number of light-guiding cores through cavity deformation, the optical fibers in the optical cable converge towards the outer arc of the bend at the corner of the vehicle body, and the local optical fiber density is automatically increased, completely avoiding the problems of dim light and brightness discontinuity at corners, and ensuring good light emission consistency throughout the entire optical cable.

[0036] 2. High space utilization: The high-density arrangement of ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 allows more than 800 cores of ultra-fine diameter optical fiber 3 to be accommodated in a small space, achieving higher light output brightness under the same outer diameter, and is suitable for the narrow interior wiring space of automobiles.

[0037] 3. Lower assembly costs: The polyurethane foam skirt 1 is fixed by expansion and self-locking, eliminating the need for grooving, gluing, and adding buckles, which greatly reduces the assembly time and auxiliary material costs of the whole vehicle.

[0038] 4. Excellent durability: The composite cable sheath 4 has a built-in polyurethane-urea self-healing layer, which can repair itself from minor bumps and scratches, reducing the scrap rate due to collisions during loading; the inner high-reflection layer reduces light loss, and the scattering layer optimizes the softness of the light output.

[0039] 5. Wide range of applications: It can be adapted to various scenarios such as interior ambient lighting strips, pedal lights, and central control flowing lights in sedans, SUVs, and new energy vehicles, and has strong industrial versatility.

[0040] In summary, this invention, through the synergistic structural design of a polyurethane skirt 1, a hollow cavity 2, and a multi-layered composite cable sheath 4, solves the industry pain points of traditional ambient light cables, such as uneven brightness at bends, cumbersome installation, and easy damage and scrapping. It boasts advantages such as uniform light output, convenient assembly, and high cost-effectiveness, and has broad prospects for application in the field of automotive ambient lighting. Contents not detailed in this specification are conventional technologies known in the field; raw materials and molding equipment can be purchased commercially, and component connections utilize conventional extrusion and cutting processes.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A skirt-integrated vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable, characterized in that, It includes a polyurethane skirt (1), a cavity (2), multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers (3), and a composite cable sheath (4); The polyurethane skirt (1) is located above the composite cable sheath (4). The central opening of the polyurethane skirt (1) forms a cavity (2). The cavity (2) is a closed hollow structure. The lower end of the polyurethane skirt (1) protrudes downward. A fiber-retaining cavity is formed between the composite cable sheath (4) and the polyurethane skirt (1). The protruding part of the polyurethane skirt (1) is located inside the fiber-retaining cavity. The ultra-fine diameter optical fiber (3) is located inside the fiber-retaining cavity. The polyurethane skirt (1) and the composite cable sheath (4) are integrally formed.

2. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite cable sheath (4) has a three-layer structure: the inner layer is a nano-TiO2 / silicone resin high-reflection layer, the middle layer is a polyurethane-urea self-healing elastic layer, and the outer layer is a flexible TPE scattering layer doped with scattering particles.

3. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polyurethane skirt (1) is made of foamed modified polyurethane foam substrate.

4. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer contour of the polyurethane skirt (1) can be precisely matched and fixed to the groove of the automotive interior.

5. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the optical cable is laid to the corner of the laying groove, the cavity (2) undergoes compression deformation. The side wall of the cavity (2) can form a lateral support thrust on the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber (3) on the lower side, pushing the ultra-fine diameter optical fiber (3) to slide and converge to the outside of the optical cable bend.

6. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the composite cable sheath (4) is 1.6 mm.

7. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 6, characterized in that, More than 800 ultra-fine diameter optical fibers can be laid in the fiber cavity (3).

8. The integrated skirted vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 7, characterized in that, The normal output brightness is 380–420 nits.

9. A skirted integrated vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 8, characterized in that, The manufacturing method includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare materials: According to the design requirements, prepare raw materials, including polyurethane skirt, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber, composite cable sheath, and select foamed modified polyurethane, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber, nano TiO2 modified TPE particles, and polyurethane-urea self-healing raw materials. Step 2: Processing and manufacturing: Extruded polyurethane skirt. The outline of the polyurethane skirt is shaped according to the standard dimensions of the groove in the automotive interior. A through hole is reserved in the center of the polyurethane skirt to form cavity 2. At the same time, three layers of composite cable sheath modification materials are prepared, namely materials for reflective layer, self-healing layer and scattering layer. The dimensional accuracy is strictly controlled during the processing to ensure that the dimensions of each component meet the design requirements. Step 3: Fiber optic pre-installation: Arrange multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers neatly on the underside of the polyurethane skirt, and lay more than 800 ultra-fine diameter optical fibers in a 1.6mm annular inner diameter space. The number of optical fibers can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the brightness requirements of the vehicle headlights. The finished optical cable has a conventional output brightness of 380 to 420 nits. Step 4: Integrated extrusion molding: The multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers and the polyurethane skirt are fed into the extrusion equipment together. The three-layer composite cable sheath is co-extruded over the multiple ultra-fine diameter optical fibers to achieve integrated molding of polyurethane skirt, ultra-fine diameter optical fiber and composite cable sheath, ensuring the integrity of the structure. Step 5: Post-molding shaping treatment: The extruded optical cable is water-cooled and shaped, and the polyurethane foam skirt naturally forms an elastic foam structure with the characteristics of expansion under pressure. At the same time, it ensures that the central cavity of the polyurethane skirt maintains a hollow shape and reserves the allowance for bending deformation. Step 6: Performance sampling inspection: Randomly select finished product samples to carry out bending and optical tests, repeatedly simulate the bending conditions of the car body corner, test the effect of cavity deformation driving the optical fiber to gather to the outside of the bend and dynamically increase the density of the optical fiber at the corner, verify the brightness at the bend position and the uniformity of the straight section, and test the self-repair capability after the cable sheath is slightly scratched. Step 7: Cutting and Matching: Cut the optical cable according to the required length of the vehicle wiring, select quick-connect connectors as needed at the ends, and complete the finished product packaging.

10. A skirted integrated vehicle-mounted ambient optical cable according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method of use is as follows: During the vehicle assembly stage, the polyurethane skirt is directly inserted into the pre-fabricated groove of the vehicle body interior. The polyurethane skirt is squeezed and expanded by the groove wall to achieve interference self-locking fixation. No glue, tape, or clips are required. During use, the luminous status of the optical cable and the integrity of the sheath are inspected regularly.

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