Terminal and system for site reconnaissance of distribution line

Abstract

This invention provides a distribution network line field survey terminal and a distribution network line field survey system, belonging to the field of information acquisition. The terminal includes a high-precision positioning acquisition module for real-time acquisition of three-dimensional coordinate data; a lightweight CAD graphics engine for parsing and extracting graphic data from DWG files to generate CAD drawing scenes; a digital twin mapping module for establishing a three-layer mapping relationship between drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates; an interface display module for displaying and receiving interactive feedback information on the display interface; and a multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module for uploading field data, original GNSS coordinate data, and CAD drawing scenes to a cloud server in real time. Through the processing scheme of this application, real-time centimeter-level positioning dynamic mapping is achieved to realize augmented reality navigation where the drawing follows the user, and the field data captured on-site is automatically anchored and bound to specific graphic elements and precise coordinates on the drawing, forming a structured data package that is spatiotemporally homogeneous and integrates data and graphics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of information collection, and in particular to a distribution network line field survey terminal and a distribution network line field survey system. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of smart grid and digital grid construction, the digitalization of back-end operation and maintenance, dispatching, and other aspects of the power industry has matured considerably. However, front-end fieldwork, such as site surveys, still heavily relies on traditional manual methods. Currently, the main technical bottlenecks in distribution network line engineering site surveys are as follows: 1. Data disconnect between field and office: Field information collected in the field is isolated from CAD drawings and GIS platforms used in the office, forming information silos. Data flow relies on manual transmission and secondary entry, resulting in low collaborative efficiency.

[0003] 2. Moreover, the data collection methods are outdated: paper records, manual measurement and manual entry are still widely used, which has problems such as low efficiency, easy error and data lag.

[0004] 3. Inaccurate spatial information: On-site facility positioning mainly relies on manual judgment and manual input, lacking high-precision automated spatial benchmarks, resulting in inaccurate correspondence between drawings and on-site locations, making it difficult to meet the needs of refined management.

[0005] 4. Insufficient mobility and lightweight design: Some existing digital tools do not fully consider mobile field operation environments, or are highly dependent on professional CAD software, making it impossible to achieve convenient drawing viewing, editing, and data association on mobile devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, in order to overcome the systemic technical defects in the existing field survey business of power distribution line engineering, such as primitive data collection, rough spatial positioning, separation of internal and external processes, and difficulty in balancing mobility and professionalism, the power distribution line field survey terminal and power distribution line field survey system provided by the present invention achieve augmented reality navigation of the drawings by dynamically mapping and highlighting the real-time centimeter-level positioning of the power distribution line field survey terminal onto CAD drawings, thereby realizing the drawings following the user. Furthermore, the multimedia information such as photos taken on site, filled-in attributes, and recorded voice are automatically anchored and bound to specific graphic elements and precise coordinates on the drawings, forming a structured data package that is spatiotemporally consistent and integrates drawings and data.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a power distribution network line site survey terminal, used by field personnel to collect field data from power distribution network lines. The terminal includes: a high-precision positioning acquisition module for real-time acquisition of raw GNSS coordinate data (longitude, latitude, ellipsoidal height, and planar coordinates); a lightweight CAD graphics engine for parsing and extracting graphic data from DWG files and generating a CAD drawing scene based on the CAD drawings corresponding to the screen display coordinates; a digital twin mapping module for establishing a three-layer mapping relationship between drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates based on the acquired raw GNSS coordinate data, CAD drawing scene, and display interface information; an interface display module for displaying the CAD drawing scene of the current area corresponding to the raw GNSS coordinate data in real-time, receiving interactive feedback information, and collecting field data from the survey site in real-time; and a multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module for real-time adjustment of the drawing image and engineering geographic image corresponding to the screen display coordinates based on real-time acquired IMU data with timestamps and the field data carried by the interactive feedback information, and uploading the field data, the raw GNSS coordinate data, and the CAD drawing scene to a cloud server in real-time.

[0008] In one embodiment, the lightweight CAD graphics engine includes: a drawing parsing unit, which parses the DWG file corresponding to the current CAD drawing sent by the cloud server into a CAD drawing scene composed of multiple graphic elements; an indexing unit, which establishes a grid space index for all graphic elements in the CAD drawing scene; a drawing tile receiving unit, which receives multiple tile regions corresponding to the screen interface from the CAD drawing scene cut by the cloud server; and a rendering unit, which obtains the current tile region corresponding to the current display coordinates of the screen interface based on the original GNSS coordinate data, and renders and displays all graphic elements within the current tile region on the screen interface.

[0009] In one embodiment, the digital twin mapping module includes: a coordinate transformation processor, which converts the original GNSS coordinate data into engineering coordinate data based on the transformation parameters between the coordinate system of the original GNSS coordinate data and the pixel coordinate system of the current CAD drawing; a spatial mapping processor, which maps the engineering coordinate data to the pixel coordinate system of the current CAD drawing, and establishes a three-layer mapping relationship of drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates based on the screen display coordinates corresponding to the display interface; and a visual feedback processor, which displays the CAD drawing scene corresponding to the current tile area in real time, and displays a dynamic cursor in the corresponding CAD drawing scene based on the current position of the field personnel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module includes: a drawing association unit that displays graphic elements within the tile area corresponding to the screen interface in real time for field personnel to select; a multimedia information acquisition unit that, based on the modal information input method selected by the field personnel, comprehensively records the actual scene corresponding to the selected graphic elements at the site survey, generating on-site field data; and an information encapsulation unit that, based on IMU data, encapsulates the field data, the original GNSS coordinate data, and the CAD drawing scene in real time, and uploads them to the cloud server accordingly.

[0011] In one embodiment, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module further includes a spatial attitude sensing unit, which includes a gyroscope and an accelerometer. The gyroscope collects 3-axis angular velocities in real time, and the accelerometer collects 3-axis linear accelerations in real time. The spatial attitude sensing unit generates continuous attitude information based on the real-time acquired 3-axis angular velocities and 3-axis linear accelerations, and generates IMU data by combining the timestamps.

[0012] In one embodiment, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module further includes a precision recording unit, which records the precision status of the real-time coordinate values ​​output by the high-precision positioning acquisition module and the corresponding CAD drawings when the field personnel trigger the acquisition operation.

[0013] In one embodiment, the distribution network line site survey terminal further includes an external antenna, which is a high-gain anti-multipath choke coil antenna or a microstrip antenna.

[0014] In one embodiment, the interface display module includes: a reconnaissance point selection unit, which, in response to the field personnel selecting the next reconnaissance point on the display page, displays a reconnaissance point selection interface for the field personnel to select a reconnaissance point; a positioning unit, which, in response to the field personnel completing the selection of a reconnaissance point, displays a reference list on the page, which includes a reconnaissance point editing button, and the field personnel click the reconnaissance point editing button to perform positioning; and a data acquisition unit, which, in response to the field personnel selecting graphic elements on the display page, displays a graphic element selection interface for the field personnel to select graphic elements; and, in response to the field personnel selecting a data acquisition method, displays a data acquisition method selection interface for the field personnel to select a data acquisition method; wherein, the positioning in response to the field personnel clicking the reconnaissance point editing button includes achieving reconnaissance point positioning by acquiring positioning information from an external RTK device or manually inputting positioning information.

[0015] A distribution network line field survey system includes: a distribution network line field survey terminal, which receives tasks and conducts field surveys on distribution network lines, and realizes real-time digital collection and reporting of field data; a cloud server, which receives field data sent by the distribution network line field survey terminal and converts the field data and surveying data from different sources to the same coordinate system; and a risk decision layer, which performs real-time calculations based on multi-source data in the same coordinate system, displays the real-time location of field personnel holding the distribution network line field survey terminal, and performs linkage early warning and control. The distribution network line field survey terminal is the aforementioned distribution network line field survey terminal.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: It achieves automatic acquisition of centimeter-level spatial coordinates of on-site facilities through a high-precision positioning acquisition module and a multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module, enabling structured one-click recording of multimedia reconnaissance information. This eliminates data errors at the source, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition and overcoming the problem of manual dependence. Furthermore, the digital twin mapping module accurately maps complex CAD drawings to the actual environment, dynamically mapping and highlighting the data on the CAD drawings using real-time centimeter-level positioning on the mobile device, achieving augmented reality navigation where the drawings move with the user. The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module automatically anchors and binds multimedia information such as on-site photos, filled-in attributes, and recorded voice recordings to specific graphic elements and precise coordinates on the drawings, forming a structured data package that is spatiotemporally consistent and integrates drawings and data. This breaks down the information barriers between drawings and the site, thereby constructing a real-time collaborative digital operation closed loop. The entire power distribution network field survey terminal establishes a data synchronization hub based on real-time communication technology, enabling bidirectional and instantaneous data flow between on-site mobile terminals and office computer terminals. This forms a highly efficient collaborative closed loop of on-site perception, real-time feedback, office decision-making, and immediate feedback, significantly shortening the project cycle. Furthermore, through a lightweight CAD graphics engine, high-fidelity rendering and interaction of complex DWG format drawings are achieved on mobile devices, meeting the professional needs of on-site viewing, positioning, and simple editing. Simultaneously, it ensures smooth operation and adaptability to complex field working environments, thereby ensuring that the data results after the entire process comply with industry standards and are compatible with mainstream design and management software, providing a safe and reliable foundational tool for the digital transformation of the power industry. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is a structural block diagram of the distribution network line field survey terminal in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that the following description covers various aspects of embodiments within the scope of protection of this invention. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using other structures and / or functionalities besides one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0022] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The drawings only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0023] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0024] like Figure 1This application provides a field survey terminal for power distribution lines, which is used by field personnel to collect field data on power distribution lines. The core of this field survey terminal lies in the deep integration of three key technologies: high-precision dynamic positioning, lightweight mobile CAD interaction, and real-time data synchronization, thereby reconstructing the data generation and collaboration process for field surveys of power distribution lines. The field survey terminal includes a high-precision positioning and acquisition module 101, a lightweight CAD graphics engine 102, a digital twin mapping module 103, an interface display module 104, and a multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module 105.

[0025] Raw GNSS coordinate data can contain the following key information: 1. Core positioning information, three-dimensional coordinates (longitude, latitude, ellipsoidal height, with the coordinate system referencing geodetic coordinate systems such as WGS-84); 2. Observation quality indicators, such as satellite status (number of visible satellites, number of satellites participating in the solution, signal-to-noise ratio of each satellite); 3. Solution status information, such as positioning mode (SPS, DGPS, RTK fixed solution / floating solution); 4. Motion status parameters, such as velocity information (eastward, northward, and celestial velocity components); 5. Raw observation data, such as carrier phase and other phase observation values.

[0026] The high-precision positioning acquisition module 101 acquires raw GNSS coordinate data in real time, including three-dimensional geodetic longitude, latitude, ellipsoidal height, and planar coordinates. The high-precision positioning acquisition module 101 can be a device that receives and processes signals from multiple satellite navigation systems, such as China's BeiDou and / or the US GPS. For example, the high-precision positioning acquisition module 101 can be a professional RTK receiver, which can increase the number of visible satellites in obstructed environments, laying the foundation for high-precision calculations. This high-precision positioning acquisition module 101 can continuously output the three-dimensional geodetic longitude, latitude, ellipsoidal height, and planar coordinates from the operator's handheld mobile terminal, converting them in real time through built-in parameters, such as the engineering coordinate system X, Y, H. Key performance indicators include static processing accuracy at the millimeter to centimeter level; real-time dynamic accuracy and horizontal accuracy can be controlled within ±(8mm+1ppm), and even centimeter-level positioning (e.g., 1-2 cm) can be achieved at typical operating distances; and elevation accuracy can be controlled within ±(15mm+1ppm), also reaching the centimeter level. In one embodiment, the high-precision positioning and acquisition module 101 transmits in real-time NMEA-0183 format statements (such as GGA, RMC, VTG) or a custom binary data stream containing location, precision factor, number of satellites, and IMU status to the survey application in the distribution network line field survey terminal via Bluetooth serial port. The survey application monitors the positioning status output by the unit in real time and uses UI elements such as color changes, icons, and vibration to alert field personnel whether the current positioning is reliable, guiding them to move to a more open location for key point acquisition.

[0027] The lightweight CAD graphics engine 102, digital twin mapping module 103, interface display module 104, and multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module 105 can be integrated into the reconnaissance application.

[0028] The lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 parses and extracts graphic data from DWG files and generates CAD drawing scenes based on the coordinates displayed on the screen. Power distribution network drawings may contain hundreds of thousands or even millions of graphic entities, placing a huge burden on the CPU, GPU, and memory of mobile devices. Furthermore, it needs to provide a touchscreen experience comparable to traditional mouse operations, such as precise selection and smooth zooming and panning. Therefore, when the power distribution network drawings are complex, it is difficult to achieve a fully functional CAD drawing viewing and interaction environment on mobile devices. In one embodiment, a tile-based strategy is adopted for ultra-large drawings. The cloud server pre-cuts the drawing into tile areas, and the terminal only loads and renders the tile areas within the current view range, achieving a smooth browsing experience similar to an infinite canvas. The lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 can directly read DWG files, decode their binary structure, and convert the extracted graphic data into a neutral, highly optimized CAD drawing scene. A CAD drawing scene is a structured data object describing all graphic elements and their hierarchical and attribute relationships. The lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 obtains the current tile area corresponding to the current display coordinates of the screen interface based on the original GNSS coordinate data, and renders and displays all primitives within the current tile area on the screen interface. It only performs LOD rendering based on the viewport (screen interface) and does not render primitives outside the current screen.

[0029] The digital twin mapping module 103 establishes a three-layer mapping relationship based on the collected raw GNSS coordinate data, CAD drawing scene, and display interface information: drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates. The digital twin mapping module 103 analyzes the raw GNSS coordinate data collected by the high-precision positioning acquisition module 101 in real time, extracts effective centimeter-level coordinates, and drives the cursor position update on the drawing. Essentially, the digital twin mapping module 103 is a real-time spatial coordinate system transformation and dynamic visual mapping system. It establishes a precise, dynamic, and bidirectional spatial correspondence between the physical world and CAD digital drawings, realizing a collaborative perception integrating humans, machines, drawings, and the ground.

[0030] The interface display module 104 displays CAD drawing scenes of the current area that correspond in real time to the original GNSS coordinate data, receives interactive feedback information, and collects field data from the reconnaissance site in real time. The interface display module 104 listens for native touch events and encapsulates them into advanced operation commands. When field personnel tap the screen, it uses GPU pixel picking or ray intersection detection technology based on CPU spatial indexing to quickly and accurately determine which specific graphic element has been selected and highlights it accordingly. The interface display module 104 can also display interactive interfaces such as a layer management control panel, attribute viewer, and measurement tools.

[0031] The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module 105, based on real-time acquired IMU data with timestamps and field data carried by interactive feedback information, adjusts the corresponding drawing images and engineering geographic images on the screen display in real time, and uploads the field data to the cloud server in real time, corresponding to the original GNSS coordinate data and CAD drawing scenes. When field personnel trigger data acquisition, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module 105 can immediately obtain the positioning results such as coordinates and accuracy status from the unit, using them as an unalterable spatial tag for the record. The recorded time point is the instant when the field personnel trigger the acquisition step, which usually best matches the field personnel's observation of the site. The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module 105 is essentially an intelligent on-site information structured acquisition and encapsulation system to solve the pain points of data fragmentation and loss of correlation in traditional reconnaissance. Through automation technology, it transforms discrete on-site observations into digital engineering records with complete context, spatiotemporal correlation, and comprehensive elements.

[0032] The aforementioned distribution network line site survey terminal, through a high-precision positioning acquisition module and a multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module, achieves automatic acquisition of centimeter-level spatial coordinates of on-site facilities and one-click structured recording of multimedia survey information, eliminating data errors at the source, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition, and overcoming the problem of manual dependence. Furthermore, through a digital twin mapping module, complex CAD drawings are precisely mapped to the actual environment. Real-time centimeter-level positioning on the mobile device dynamically maps and highlights the data on the CAD drawings, achieving augmented reality navigation where the drawings move with the user. The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module automatically anchors and binds multimedia information such as on-site photos, filled-in attributes, and recorded voice with specific graphic elements and precise coordinates on the drawings, forming a structured data package that is spatiotemporally consistent and integrates drawings and data. This breaks down the information barriers between drawings and the site, thereby constructing a real-time collaborative digital operation closed loop. The entire power distribution network field survey terminal establishes a data synchronization hub based on real-time communication technology, enabling bidirectional and instantaneous data flow between on-site mobile terminals and office computer terminals. This forms a highly efficient collaborative closed loop of on-site perception, real-time feedback, office decision-making, and immediate feedback, significantly shortening the project cycle. Furthermore, through a lightweight CAD graphics engine, high-fidelity rendering and interaction of complex DWG format drawings are achieved on mobile devices, meeting the professional needs of on-site viewing, positioning, and simple editing. Simultaneously, it ensures smooth operation and adaptability to complex field working environments, thereby ensuring that the data results after the entire process comply with industry standards and are compatible with mainstream design and management software, providing a safe and reliable foundational tool for the digital transformation of the power industry.

[0033] In one embodiment, the lightweight CAD graphics engine includes a drawing parsing unit, an indexing unit, a drawing fragment receiving unit, and a rendering unit.

[0034] The drawing parsing unit parses the DWG file corresponding to the current CAD drawing sent from the cloud server into a CAD drawing scene composed of multiple graphic elements. The unit directly reads the DWG file, decodes its binary structure, and accurately extracts all graphic entities such as lines, polylines, arcs, text, block references, non-graphical entity layers, line types, annotation styles, and extended data. The lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 converts the extracted graphic data into a neutral, highly optimized CAD drawing scene. A CAD drawing scene is a structured data object describing all graphic elements and their hierarchical and attribute relationships. When parsing a CAD drawing, the drawing parsing unit automatically reads the coordinate system information from the drawing metadata and matches the optimal transformation parameters from the cloud server's parameter library. If the drawing lacks a clear coordinate system or the parameters are inaccurate, the drawing parsing unit can use a three-point calibration method to parse the current CAD drawing into a CAD drawing scene composed of multiple graphic elements.

[0035] The indexing unit creates a mesh space index for all primitives in the CAD drawing scene. It receives the internal CAD drawing scene, preprocesses it, and creates a mesh space index for all primitives, thus laying the foundation for fast viewport-based clipping and point picking. The indexing unit adaptively segments and discretizes complex curves such as spline curves, converting them into triangular meshes or polyline sequences suitable for GPU rendering. The indexing unit can merge a large number of simple primitives with the same attributes into a single rendering batch, thereby greatly reducing GPU rendering calls.

[0036] The drawing segment receiving unit receives multiple tile areas corresponding to the screen interface, which are cut from the CAD drawing scene by the cloud server.

[0037] The rendering unit acquires the current tile region corresponding to the current display coordinates on the screen interface based on the raw GNSS coordinate data, and renders and displays all primitives within the current tile region on the screen interface. The rendering unit can be implemented using WebGPU, which provides GPU control closer to native performance and more efficient parallel computing capabilities. The rendering unit can also implement anti-aliasing rendering of vector graphics, real-time generation of complex line types, and texture caching and rendering of text through shaders (such as GLSL shaders). The rendering unit only performs LOD rendering based on the viewport (screen interface). Primitives outside the current screen are not rendered. In one embodiment, the rendering unit can also use simplified model rendering for distant, small primitives to ensure smooth frame rates.

[0038] The aforementioned distribution network line site survey terminal can achieve high-fidelity rendering and interaction of complex DWG format drawings on mobile devices, meeting the professional needs of on-site viewing, positioning, and simple editing, while ensuring smooth operation and adaptability to complex field operation environments.

[0039] In one embodiment, the rendering unit can also combine IMU data and motion models to predict the possible next position of field personnel and pre-calculate the mapping, thereby reducing perception latency. The rendering unit can also cache frequently used coordinate transformation results and mapping matrices to avoid redundant calculations. Real-time performance is ensured by pipelined execution of coordinate transformation, mapping calculation, and visual rendering in different threads.

[0040] In one embodiment, the digital twin mapping module includes a coordinate transformation processor, a spatial mapping processor, and a visual feedback processor.

[0041] The coordinate transformation processor converts the original GNSS coordinate data into engineering coordinate data based on the transformation parameters between the coordinate system of the original GNSS coordinate data and the pixel coordinate system of the current CAD drawing. The processor transforms the original GNSS coordinates to a spatial reference system consistent with the CAD drawing. The input coordinates for the processor may come from WGS-84, CGCS2000, local independent coordinate systems, etc., and it has an internal coordinate system knowledge base that can store the definitions and transformation parameters of hundreds of commonly used coordinate systems.

[0042] The spatial mapping processor maps engineering coordinate data to the pixel coordinate system of the current CAD drawing and establishes a three-layer mapping relationship between the drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates based on the screen display coordinates corresponding to the display interface. When each CAD drawing is loaded, the spatial mapping processor automatically analyzes its model space and layout space, and identifies reference control points from the drawing metadata or annotations by field personnel to establish a three-layer mapping relationship between the drawing pixel coordinates (Px, Py), engineering geographic coordinates (X, Y), and screen display coordinates (Sx, Sy).

[0043] The visual feedback processor displays the CAD drawing scene corresponding to the current tile area in real time, and dynamically displays a cursor based on the field worker's current position within that scene. The processor transforms the calculated screen position into intuitive visual feedback and provides interactive guidance. It can also dynamically display the field worker's current position using a cursor; for example, the main cursor is a prominent crosshair or arrow indicating the current position in real time, while the accuracy indicator ring is a circle with a dynamically changing radius based on the positioning accuracy. A solid green circle indicates a fixed RTK solution accuracy of less than 2cm, a yellow ring indicates a floating RTK solution accuracy of 2 to 10cm, and a red dashed ring indicates a single-point solution accuracy greater than 1m. When the field worker moves to the next reconnaissance point, the visual feedback processor automatically displays a direction arrow and distance reading on the screen.

[0044] The aforementioned distribution network line site survey terminal uses real-time centimeter-level positioning on mobile devices to dynamically map and highlight the data on CAD drawings, enabling augmented reality navigation where the drawings move with the user. It also automatically anchors and binds multimedia information such as photos taken on-site, attributes entered, and recorded voice recordings to specific graphic elements and precise coordinates on the drawings, forming a structured data package that is both temporally and spatially consistent and integrates graphics and data.

[0045] In one embodiment, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module includes a drawing association unit, a multimedia information acquisition unit, and an information encapsulation unit.

[0046] The drawing association unit displays the elements within the corresponding tile area on the screen interface in real time for field personnel to select. The drawing association unit unambiguously determines the location of the recording target on the drawing. Field personnel can directly click on elements on the drawing (such as a block representing a telephone pole) on the screen interface, or perform a bounding box selection operation for continuous targets or areas without clearly defined elements. When a field personnel clicks, the lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 quickly returns the unique identifier of the selected element, i.e., the Handle within the DWG, such as LINE_0x8A3F, through GPU picking or spatial indexing ray detection technology. If it is a bounding box selection or free drawing, the lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 calculates the boundary coordinates of the area covered by the operation. The lightweight CAD graphics engine 102 automatically captures a thumbnail of the selected target and its surrounding area in the current view as the visualization context of the data object. The drawing association unit will associate the graphic elements selected by the field personnel with their corresponding drawing information (which includes at least graphic element parameter information and coordinate information of three types: drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates).

[0047] The multimedia information acquisition unit, based on the modal information input method selected by the field personnel, comprehensively records the actual scene of the reconnaissance site and the selected graphic elements, generating on-site field data. Modal information input methods can include at least one of photos, videos, and audio. When the acquired data is photos, the acquisition unit automatically calls the camera, supporting continuous shooting and annotation for information acquisition. The acquisition unit uses HEIF and WebP formats for lossy compression, ensuring clarity while keeping the size of a single photo between 200 and 500KB. The EXIF ​​information of the photo automatically includes the current rough coordinates as an auxiliary reference. When the acquired data is video, the acquisition unit automatically calls the camera and audio recorder to capture the scene at the reconnaissance point. When the acquired data is audio, the acquisition unit provides a recording button and supports noise reduction processing. Using the device's local or cloud-based speech recognition API, the recording is converted into text in real time, forming a preliminary description for field personnel to edit and confirm.

[0048] The information encapsulation unit, based on IMU data, encapsulates field data, raw GNSS coordinate data, and CAD drawing scenes in real time and uploads them to the cloud server. The unit can dynamically pop up a pre-made attribute form based on the type of selected graphic element, such as a utility pole, transformer, or a problem template defined by field personnel. The form fields can include dropdown selections, numerical inputs, ratings, and custom text. The unit encapsulates the information entered by field personnel, along with the field data, raw GNSS coordinate data, and CAD drawing scenes, in real time and uploads them to the cloud server. The unit uses a high-precision system clock to generate a UTC timestamp with millisecond-level accuracy. In one embodiment, the unit can also generate a digital hash value for key information such as coordinates and timestamps, storing it along with the data object for subsequent data integrity verification. The information encapsulation unit packages IMU data, field data, raw GNSS coordinate data, and CAD drawing scenes into a spatiotemporally anchored data object following a strict pattern; the specific data format can be JSON.

[0049] The aforementioned distribution network line site survey terminals ensure that the data results after the entire process of processing comply with industry standards and are compatible with mainstream design and management software, providing a safe and reliable basic tool for the digital transformation of the power industry.

[0050] In one embodiment, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module further includes a spatial attitude sensing unit. The spatial attitude sensing unit is used to provide continuous attitude and position estimation via inertial navigation technology during short-term GNSS signal interruptions, and generates IMU data by combining timestamps. This spatial attitude sensing unit includes a gyroscope and an accelerometer.

[0051] The gyroscope can collect 3-axis angular velocity in real time and detect tilt, vibration, impact, and motion trajectory.

[0052] Accelerometers can be used to collect three-axis linear acceleration in real time, and detect rotation, changes in direction, and attitude stability.

[0053] The spatial attitude sensing unit generates continuous attitude information based on real-time acquired 3-axis angular velocity and 3-axis linear acceleration, and generates IMU data by combining the timestamps.

[0054] In one embodiment, the spatial attitude sensing unit includes a gyroscope, an accelerometer, and a magnetometer. The magnetometer can acquire 3-axis magnetic field strength in real time, providing an absolute heading reference.

[0055] In one embodiment, the multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module further includes a precision recording unit, which records the real-time coordinate values ​​output by the high-precision positioning acquisition module and the precision status corresponding to the CAD drawings when the field personnel trigger the acquisition operation.

[0056] In one embodiment, the distribution network line site survey terminal also includes an external antenna, which is a high-gain anti-multipath choke coil antenna or a microstrip antenna. The external antenna effectively suppresses multipath errors caused by ground and building reflections, improving the quality of the original observations. At the hardware level, the distribution network line site survey terminal suppresses out-of-band interference through antenna design; at the software level, the firmware of the distribution network line site survey terminal uses advanced signal processing algorithms, such as signal-to-noise ratio weighting, multipath error modeling and elimination, to analyze the signals collected by the antenna, thereby significantly reducing errors caused by reflections from urban buildings and scattering from tree foliage, in order to cope with complex environments.

[0057] In one embodiment, the interface display module includes: The reconnaissance point selection unit responds to the field personnel's operation of selecting the next reconnaissance point on the display page. The page pops up the reconnaissance point selection interface for the field personnel to select reconnaissance points. The positioning unit responds to the field personnel's selection of reconnaissance points. A reference list pops up on the page, which includes a reconnaissance point editing button. The field personnel click the reconnaissance point editing button to perform positioning.

[0058] As an alternative approach, in response to field personnel completing data collection in the current area, the page jumps to the next reconnaissance point. The interface display module can automatically calculate the straight-line distance and azimuth from the current point to the target, displaying directional arrows and distance readings on the screen, and automatically providing alerts based on route deviations. For reconnaissance along the designated route, the system can display whether field personnel are deviating from the designed path and provide prompts.

[0059] The data acquisition unit responds to field personnel's selection of graphic elements on the display page, prompting a graphic element selection interface to be displayed for field personnel to choose graphic elements; it also responds to field personnel's selection of data acquisition methods, prompting a data acquisition method selection interface to be displayed for field personnel to choose data acquisition methods; among these, it responds to field personnel clicking the reconnaissance point editing button to locate the reconnaissance point, including locating the reconnaissance point by obtaining positioning information from an external RTK device or manually entering positioning information.

[0060] Furthermore, the interface display module also includes a signature entry unit. In response to field personnel clicking the "Confirm Next Survey Point" button to complete the selection of the survey point, the page redirects to the registration information interface. This interface displays the field user information involved in the field survey task for field personnel to confirm. Upon confirmation, a signature box pops up for the corresponding signature. After signing, the field personnel click the "Submit Task" button, completing the field survey task. The field user information includes the user's name, password, real name, contact information, and group.

[0061] In one embodiment, this application also provides a distribution network line field survey system, including a distribution network line field survey terminal, a cloud server, and a risk decision layer.

[0062] The distribution network line field survey terminal receives tasks and conducts field surveys of the distribution network lines, enabling real-time digital collection and reporting of field data.

[0063] The cloud server receives field data sent from the distribution network line site survey terminal and converts the field data and surveying data from different sources to the same coordinate system. The cloud server can perform in-depth processing on raw, heterogeneous, and multi-source spatiotemporal data from the field data of the distribution network line site survey terminal, the office platform, and even third-party systems, transforming them into unified, clean, and directly usable structured information for analysis and decision-making.

[0064] The risk decision-making layer performs real-time calculations based on multi-source data within the same coordinate system, displays the real-time location of field personnel holding distribution network line site survey terminals, and provides coordinated early warnings and control. The risk decision-making layer transforms multi-source spatiotemporal data processed by the cloud server into intuitive, actionable, and decision-supporting insights, empowering efficient cross-functional collaboration. The risk decision-making layer can be provided in a web-based format, using HTML5 and CSS3-based display technologies. Project and task information issued by the risk decision-making layer is synchronized in real-time to the distribution network line site survey terminals of relevant technical personnel.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A field survey terminal for power distribution lines, used by field personnel to collect field data on power distribution lines, characterized in that, include: The high-precision positioning and acquisition module collects raw GNSS coordinate data in real time, including three-dimensional geodetic coordinates (longitude, latitude, ellipsoidal height, and planar coordinates). A lightweight CAD graphics engine that parses and extracts graphic data from DWG files and generates CAD drawing scenes based on the CAD drawing coordinates displayed on the screen. The digital twin mapping module establishes a three-layer mapping relationship between drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates based on the collected raw GNSS coordinate data, CAD drawing scene, and display interface information. The interface display module displays CAD drawing scenes of the current area that correspond in real time to the original GNSS coordinate data, receives interactive feedback information, and collects field data from the reconnaissance site in real time. The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module, based on real-time acquired IMU data with timestamps and the field data carried by the interactive feedback information, adjusts the drawing images and engineering geographic images corresponding to the screen display coordinates in real time, and uploads the field data, the original GNSS coordinate data, and the CAD drawing scene to the cloud server in real time.

2. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lightweight CAD graphics engine includes: The drawing parsing unit parses the DWG file corresponding to the current CAD drawing sent by the cloud server into a CAD drawing scene composed of multiple graphic elements; The indexing unit establishes a grid space index for all elements in the CAD drawing scene; The drawing segmentation receiving unit receives multiple tile areas corresponding to the screen interface, which are cut from the CAD drawing scene by the cloud server. The rendering unit obtains the current tile region corresponding to the current display coordinates of the screen interface based on the original GNSS coordinate data, and renders and displays all primitives within the current tile region on the screen interface.

3. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital twin mapping module includes: The coordinate transformation processor converts the original GNSS coordinate data into engineering coordinate data based on the transformation parameters between the coordinate system of the original GNSS coordinate data and the pixel coordinate system of the current CAD drawing. The spatial mapping processor maps the engineering coordinate data to the pixel coordinate system of the current CAD drawing, and establishes a three-layer mapping relationship between the drawing pixel coordinates, engineering geographic coordinates, and screen display coordinates based on the screen display coordinates corresponding to the display interface. The visual feedback processor displays the CAD drawing scene corresponding to the current tile area in real time, and dynamically displays the cursor in the corresponding CAD drawing scene based on the current position of the field personnel.

4. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module includes: The drawing association unit displays the graphic elements within the corresponding tile area on the screen interface in real time so that field personnel can select them; The multimedia information acquisition unit, based on the modal information input method selected by the field personnel, comprehensively records the actual scene corresponding to the selected graphic elements at the site survey, and generates on-site field data. The information encapsulation unit, based on IMU data, encapsulates the field data, the original GNSS coordinate data, and the CAD drawing scene in real time, and uploads them to the cloud server accordingly.

5. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module also includes a spatial attitude sensing unit, which comprises a gyroscope and an accelerometer. Real-time acquisition of 3-axis angular velocity using a gyroscope Real-time acquisition of three-axis linear acceleration using accelerometers The spatial attitude sensing unit generates continuous attitude information based on real-time acquired 3-axis angular velocity and 3-axis linear acceleration, and generates IMU data by combining the timestamps.

6. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multimodal data spatiotemporal anchoring module also includes a precision recording unit, which records the real-time coordinate values ​​output by the high-precision positioning acquisition module and the precision status corresponding to the CAD drawings when the field personnel trigger the acquisition operation.

7. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution network line site survey terminal also includes an external antenna. The external antenna is a high-gain anti-multipath choke coil antenna or a microstrip antenna.

8. The distribution network line field survey terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface display module includes: The reconnaissance point selection unit responds to the field personnel's operation of selecting the next reconnaissance point on the display page. The page pops up the reconnaissance point selection interface for the field personnel to select reconnaissance points. The positioning unit responds to the field personnel completing the selection of reconnaissance points. A reference list pops up on the page, which includes a reconnaissance point editing button. The field personnel click the reconnaissance point editing button to perform positioning. The data acquisition unit responds to the field personnel's selection of graphic elements on the display page. The page then pops up a graphic element selection interface for the field personnel to select graphic elements. In response to the field personnel's selection of the data collection method, a data collection method selection interface pops up on the page, allowing the field personnel to choose the data collection method. Among them, the location can be determined by the field personnel clicking the reconnaissance point editing button, including by obtaining the location information of the external RTK device or manually entering the location information.

9. A field survey system for power distribution lines, characterized in that, include: The distribution network line field survey terminal receives tasks and conducts field surveys of distribution network lines, enabling real-time digital collection and reporting of field data. The cloud server receives field data sent by the on-site survey terminal of the power distribution line and converts the field data and survey data from different sources into the same coordinate system; The risk decision-making layer performs real-time calculations based on multi-source data in the same coordinate system, displays the real-time location of field personnel holding the on-site survey terminal for the power distribution network lines, and performs coordinated early warning and control. The distribution network line site survey terminal is the distribution network line site survey terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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