A method, device and medium for detecting and severity assessment of mechanical defects of a GIL apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a method, equipment, and medium for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL (Gas-Insulated Line) equipment. It constructs a dynamic model of mechanical vibration defects in GIL equipment, analyzes the inherent vibration modes under normal conditions and the abnormal vibration characteristics under mechanical defects, acquires and compares the frequency band energy within each frequency band, determines the fault type based on the frequency band containing the maximum energy, calculates the defect severity coefficient, and thus assesses the severity of the equipment defect. This invention proposes to effectively distinguish different types of mechanical defects by using the difference in frequency band energy between the normal and mechanical defect states of GIL equipment, and achieves accurate quantification of defect severity, providing important technical support for condition monitoring and maintenance decisions of GIL equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrical equipment fault detection technology, specifically a method, equipment, and medium for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines (GILs) are widely used in ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage power transmission projects due to their compact structure, strong environmental compatibility, and convenient installation and maintenance. Operational statistics show that mechanical defects are a significant factor leading to GIL equipment failures, posing a serious threat and easily causing localized overheating, gas leakage, component ablation, and sudden insulation breakdown. In recent years, the phenomenon of mechanical noise and vibration defects in GIL equipment has been gradually increasing, such as loose busbar conductor rods, unbalanced casing connections, and fatigue loosening of components. Therefore, research on the mechanical vibration characteristics and mechanical defect detection methods of GIL equipment is of great significance for ensuring the safe operation of GIL equipment.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN115015691A, entitled "GIL Fault Location Method and System Based on Multi-Measuring-Point Vibration Characteristics," determines whether the equipment has mechanical defects by calculating the relative values ​​of the residuals of vibration characteristics at multiple measuring points on the GIL equipment casing. However, this application's solution cannot identify the type of mechanical defect. Chinese patent application CN119397245A, entitled "GIL Equipment Fault Detection and Location Method and System Based on Automatic Feature Learning," achieves fault warning and fault type identification by acquiring comprehensive features of mechanical defects. However, this solution cannot assess the severity of the mechanical defects and cannot effectively configure maintenance priorities in fault handling strategies, thus affecting the fault maintenance efficiency of GIL equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing methods for detecting GIL device faults lack differentiation of fault types and assessment of fault severity, which is not conducive to accurately judging the state of GIL device faults and how to configure appropriate handling methods.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step A: Construct a dynamic model of mechanical vibration defects in GIL equipment, and analyze the natural vibration modes under normal conditions and the abnormal vibration characteristics under mechanical defect conditions.

[0007] Step B: Utilize the frequency band energy differences between the normal and mechanical defect states of the GIL equipment to detect mechanical defects and identify defect types.

[0008] Step C: Construct a mechanical defect severity coefficient based on the ratio of the current maximum frequency band energy to the normal state frequency band energy, and assess the severity of the mechanical vibration defect.

[0009] Furthermore, the dynamic model of the mechanical vibration defect of the GIL equipment in step A is obtained by the following steps:

[0010] Step A1-1: Based on the overall structural characteristics and material properties of the GIL device, and the fact that the Lorentz electrodynamic force under alternating current is the key mechanical factor causing mechanical vibration in the GIS, construct the dynamic differential equations of the multi-degree-of-freedom system of the GIL device:

[0011] Formula 1

[0012] In Equation 1, , and These are the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices of the system structure, respectively. , and These are the time-varying acceleration, time-varying velocity, and time-varying displacement matrices of the system structural nodes, respectively. It is an external excitation array.

[0013] Step A1-2: For a GIL device in a vibrating state, the external excitation is the Lorentz electrodynamic force generated by the electromagnetic coupling between the conductor and the shell, and its expression is:

[0014] Formula 2

[0015] Formula 3

[0016] In the formula, , and The model number is 1. Lorentz stress matrix, current density, and magnetic flux density of each element; Unit volume;

[0017] Step A1-3: Obtain the system's natural frequency and damping ratio based on the dynamic differential equations:

[0018] Formula 4

[0019] In Equation 4, and They represent degrees of freedom. The system's natural frequency and damping ratio are given below. , and They represent degrees of freedom. The mass, damping, and stiffness of the components.

[0020] Furthermore, the analysis of the inherent vibration modes under normal conditions and the abnormal noise vibration characteristics under mechanical defect conditions of the GIL equipment in step A is as follows:

[0021] Step A2-1: Perform a Laplace transform on the GIL device dynamic model with zero initial conditions to obtain the system frequency response function matrix. :

[0022] Formula 5

[0023] In Equation 5, n is the number of dynamic response modes of the structure within the frequency bandwidth; and These are modal shape vectors and are conjugates of each other; and For eigenvalues;

[0024] Step A2-2: When the GIL equipment is in a state of mechanical defects, such as loose busbar bolts or damaged post insulators, the vibration margin of the busbar and its base increases, which reduces the stiffness of the equipment, leading to a decrease in the system frequency and damping ratio, and further increasing the amplitude of the system frequency response function.

[0025] Furthermore, in step B, when a mechanical defect occurs in the GIL device, the formula for calculating its frequency band energy P is:

[0026] Formula 6

[0027] In Equation 6, z represents the number of data points within the frequency band to be determined; The amplitude of the frequency response function;

[0028] Furthermore, the methods for detecting mechanical defects in GIL equipment and identifying defect types in step B are as follows:

[0029] Step B2-1: The main frequency range of the mechanical defect vibration signal of the GIL equipment is 0~3000Hz. Dividing it into 500Hz bands, calculate the energy of the six bands and record them sequentially as follows: ;

[0030] Step B2-2: Compare the frequency band energy of each frequency band under normal and mechanical defect conditions. If there is a significant increase in the energy of a frequency band, it is determined that the equipment has a mechanical defect.

[0031] Step B2-3: Further analyze the characteristics of the frequency band energy distribution area. If the frequency band with the highest energy is 0~500Hz, that is... If it is at its maximum, the equipment is functioning normally; if If the maximum value is reached, the equipment has a defect of loose shielding; if If the maximum value is reached, the support insulator of the equipment will be damaged; if If the maximum value is reached, the busbar bolts of the equipment will become loose;

[0032] Furthermore, in step C, the mechanical defect degree coefficient The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] Formula 7.

[0034] Furthermore, the method for assessing the severity of mechanical vibration defects in step C is as follows:

[0035] like The equipment has a minor defect;

[0036] like Moderate equipment defects;

[0037] like The equipment has serious defects.

[0038] The present invention also provides an electronic device, the electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing at least one instruction or at least one program, the at least one instruction or at least one program being loaded and executed by the processor to realize the above-described method for detecting and assessing the mechanical defects of GIL equipment.

[0039] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one instruction or at least one program, wherein when the at least one instruction or at least one program is executed, the above-described method for detecting and assessing the mechanical defects of GIL equipment is implemented.

[0040] This invention proposes a method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL (Gas Inertia Equipment) equipment based on vibration characteristic analysis. First, a dynamic model of the mechanical vibration defects in the GIL equipment is constructed, and the natural vibration modes under normal conditions and the abnormal vibration characteristics under mechanical defect conditions are analyzed. Then, by utilizing the frequency band energy differences between the normal and defective states of the GIL equipment, the detection and severity assessment of different types of mechanical defects are achieved. This method has the following advantages:

[0041] 1. This invention proposes to detect mechanical abnormal vibration defects by analyzing the inherent vibration modes of the equipment under normal conditions and the abnormal vibration characteristics of the equipment under mechanical defect conditions. When mechanical defects exist, the amplitude of the vibration frequency response function of the GIL equipment changes significantly, and the inherent vibration frequency and damping ratio both decrease, thereby realizing the identification of the defect type.

[0042] 2. This invention proposes the frequency band energy difference between the normal state and the mechanical defect state of GIL equipment, effectively distinguishes different types of mechanical defects, and achieves accurate quantification of the severity of defects, providing important technical support for the condition monitoring and operation and maintenance decision-making of GIL equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment based on vibration characteristic analysis. The proposed method is to construct a dynamic model of mechanical vibration defects in GIL equipment and use the difference in frequency band energy between the normal state and the mechanical defect state to realize the detection of different types of mechanical defects and the assessment of the severity of defects.

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0046] Step 1: Based on the overall structural characteristics and material properties of the GIL device, and considering that the Lorentz electrodynamic force under alternating current is the key mechanical factor causing mechanical vibration in GIS, the dynamic differential equations of the multi-degree-of-freedom system of the GIL device can be constructed:

[0047] Formula 1

[0048] In Equation 1, , and These are the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices of the system structure, respectively. , and These are the time-varying acceleration, time-varying velocity, and time-varying displacement matrices of the system structural nodes, respectively. External excitation array;

[0049] Step 2: For GIL equipment under vibration, the external excitation is mainly the Lorentz electrodynamic force generated by the electromagnetic coupling between the conductor and the shell, and its expression is:

[0050] Formula 2

[0051] Formula 3

[0052] In the formula, , and The model number is 1. Lorentz stress matrix, current density, and magnetic flux density of each element; Unit volume;

[0053] Step 3: Obtain the system's natural frequency and damping ratio based on the dynamic differential equations:

[0054] Formula 4

[0055] In Equation 4, and They represent degrees of freedom. The system's natural frequency and damping ratio are given below. , and They represent degrees of freedom. The mass, damping, and stiffness of the components;

[0056] Step 4: Perform a Laplace transform on the GIL device dynamics model with zero initial conditions to obtain the system frequency response function matrix. :

[0057] Formula 5

[0058] In Equation 5, n is the number of dynamic response modes of the structure within the frequency bandwidth; and These are modal shape vectors and are conjugates of each other; and For eigenvalues;

[0059] Step 5: When the GIL equipment is in a state of mechanical defects, such as loose busbar bolts or damaged post insulators, the vibration margin of the busbar and its base increases, which reduces the stiffness of the equipment, leading to a decrease in system frequency and damping ratio, and further increasing the amplitude of the system frequency response function.

[0060] Step 6: When a GIL device experiences a mechanical defect, its frequency band energy P is calculated using the following formula:

[0061] Formula 6

[0062] In Equation 6, z represents the number of data points within the frequency band to be determined; The amplitude of the frequency response function;

[0063] Step 7: The main frequency range of the mechanical defect vibration signal of the GIL equipment is 0~3000Hz. Divide the frequency into 500Hz bands and calculate the energy of the six bands, recording them sequentially as follows: ;

[0064] Step 8: Compare the frequency band energy of each frequency band under normal and mechanical defect conditions. If there is a significant increase in the energy of a frequency band, it is determined that the equipment has a mechanical defect.

[0065] Step 9: Further analyze the characteristics of the frequency band energy distribution area. If the frequency band with the highest energy is 0~500Hz, that is... If it is at its maximum, the equipment is functioning normally; if If the maximum value is reached, the equipment has a defect of loose shielding; if If the maximum value is reached, the support insulator of the equipment will be damaged; if If the maximum value is reached, the busbar bolts of the equipment will become loose;

[0066] Step j: Calculate the mechanical defect severity coefficient :

[0067] Formula 7

[0068] Step 10: Assess the severity of mechanical defects in the equipment:

[0069] like The equipment has a minor defect;

[0070] like Moderate equipment defects;

[0071] like The equipment has serious defects.

[0072] This invention can be implemented based on a computer program. Based on this, the invention also provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory. The memory stores at least one instruction or at least one program segment, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the aforementioned method for detecting and assessing the mechanical defects of GIL (Gas Injection Limiting) equipment. A computer-readable storage medium is also provided, storing at least one instruction or at least one program segment. When executed, the at least one instruction or program segment implements the aforementioned method for detecting and assessing the mechanical defects of GIL (Gas Injection Limiting) equipment. The instructions or program code used to implement the method of this invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The instructions or program code can be executed entirely on a data processor, partially on a processor, partially on a remote device as a standalone software package, or entirely on a remote device or server.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment, characterized in that, The steps include the following: Step A: Construct a dynamic model of mechanical vibration defects in GIL equipment, and analyze the natural vibration modes under normal conditions and the abnormal vibration characteristics under mechanical defect conditions. Step B: Utilize the frequency band energy differences between the normal and mechanical defect states of the GIL equipment to detect mechanical defects and identify defect types. Step C: Construct a mechanical defect severity coefficient based on the ratio of the current maximum frequency band energy to the normal state frequency band energy, and assess the severity of the mechanical vibration defect.

2. The method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic model of the mechanical vibration defect of the GIL equipment in step A is obtained by the following steps: Step A1-1: Construct the dynamic differential equations of the GIL device's multi-degree-of-freedom system: Formula 1 In Equation 1, , and These are the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices of the system structure, respectively. , and These are the time-varying acceleration, time-varying velocity, and time-varying displacement matrices of the system structural nodes, respectively. External excitation array; Step A1-2: For a GIL device in a vibrating state, the external excitation is the Lorentz electrodynamic force generated by the electromagnetic coupling between the conductor and the shell, and its expression is: Formula 2 Formula 3 In the formula, , and The model number is 1. Lorentz stress matrix, current density, and magnetic flux density of each element; Unit volume; Step A1-3: Obtain the system's natural frequency and damping ratio based on the dynamic differential equations: Formula 4 In Equation 4, and They represent degrees of freedom. The system's natural frequency and damping ratio are given below. , and They represent degrees of freedom. The mass, damping, and stiffness of the components.

3. The method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The following is an analysis of the natural vibration modes under normal conditions and the abnormal vibration characteristics under mechanical defect conditions of the GIL equipment in step A: Step A2-1: Perform a Laplace transform on the GIL device dynamic model with zero initial conditions to obtain the system frequency response function matrix. : Formula 5 In Equation 5, n is the number of dynamic response modes of the structure within the frequency bandwidth; and These are modal shape vectors and are conjugates of each other; and For eigenvalues; Step A2-2: When the GIL equipment is in a mechanical defect state, the vibration margin of the busbar and its base increases, which reduces the stiffness of the equipment, resulting in a decrease in the system frequency and damping ratio, and further increases the amplitude of the system frequency response function.

4. The method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a mechanical defect occurs in the GIL device in step B, the formula for calculating its frequency band energy P is: Formula 6 In Equation 6, z represents the number of data points within the frequency band to be determined; denoted as the amplitude of the frequency response function.

5. The method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for detecting mechanical defects in GIL equipment and identifying defect types in step B are as follows: Step B2-1: The frequency range of the mechanical defect vibration signal of the GIL equipment is 0~3000Hz. Divide the frequency into 500Hz bands and calculate the energy of the six bands, recording them sequentially as follows: ; Step B2-2: Compare the frequency band energy of each frequency band under normal and mechanical defect conditions. If there is a significant increase in the energy of a frequency band, it is determined that the equipment has a mechanical defect. Step B2-3: Analyze the characteristics of the frequency band energy distribution area. If the frequency band with the highest energy is 0~500Hz, that is... If it is at its maximum, the equipment is functioning normally; if If the maximum value is reached, the equipment has a defect of loose shielding; if If the maximum value is reached, the support insulator of the equipment will be damaged; if If the maximum value is reached, the busbar bolts of the equipment will become loose.

6. The method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, Mechanical defect degree coefficient in step C The calculation formula is as follows: Formula 7.

7. The method for detecting and assessing the severity of mechanical defects in GIL equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for assessing the severity of mechanical vibration defects in step C is as follows: like The equipment has a minor defect; like Moderate equipment defects; like The equipment has serious defects.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction or at least one program, and the at least one instruction or at least one program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the GIL device mechanical defect detection and severity assessment method according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that... The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction or at least one program, which, when executed, implements the GIL equipment mechanical defect detection and severity assessment method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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