A stress analysis and inspection method for a super-large hyperbolic unit type glass curtain wall

Abstract

The application discloses a stress analysis and inspection method for super-large hyperbolic unit glass curtain wall, and relates to the field of glass curtain wall inspection.The application establishes a temperature displacement calculation model based on the difference of material linear expansion coefficients, and combines the real structure deformation of the curtain wall components in the plane to form a complete glass gap deformation compatibility checking algorithm.Compared with the traditional checking method which depends on experience values or linear superposition, the application can simultaneously consider the most unfavorable combination of the temperature expansion difference between the glass and the metal components, the installation deviation, and the deformation amplification effect caused by the super-large plate size, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and engineering applicability of the calculation results.The method can quickly and intuitively judge the stress safety of the glass joints at different positions by using the ratio coefficient k as a unified judgment standard, realizes the unified checking logic of different positions and different components, and avoids the problems of data dispersion and inconsistent judgment in the traditional method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass curtain wall inspection, and in particular to a stress analysis and inspection method for ultra-large hyperbolic unit glass curtain walls. Background Technology

[0002] As modern architecture evolves towards large spans, towering heights, irregular shapes, and complex curved surfaces such as hyperboloids, ultra-large unitized glass curtain walls are widely used in public buildings, commercial complexes, and landmark buildings. These curtain walls are typically constructed from a combination of various metal materials and tempered glass. Their components have large spans, high deformation, and complex installation deviations. Furthermore, under the coupled effects of temperature changes, wind loads, and their own deformation, the gaps between glass units are prone to significant relative displacement. Traditional curtain wall designs often use linear displacement superposition or empirical verification methods to judge the stress compatibility of glass gaps. However, these methods often fail to fully consider the relative temperature displacement caused by the difference in the linear expansion coefficients between the glass and the frame metal materials. They also cannot accurately reflect the complex deformation patterns of different vertical and horizontal frame components in the plane of large hyperboloid unitized curtain walls. Especially under the conditions of ultra-large panel size and hyperboloid geometry, the length of structural components increases significantly, and the amount of temperature deformation increases sharply. At the same time, the installation deviation of unitized curtain walls is inconsistent on both sides, further increasing the uncertainty of glass gap displacement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a stress analysis and testing method for ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1 obtains the grid dimensions of the glass panels, the length of the frame components, the coefficient of linear expansion of the glass material, the coefficient of linear expansion of the frame metal material, and the temperature change of the frame components; S2 measures the in-plane structural deformation Gi at the glass joints of the edge vertical frame, middle vertical frame, and middle horizontal frame of a unitized glass curtain wall. S3 uses the following algorithm to calculate the displacement-compatible deformation Defi of each glass seam under temperature action: Defi = Mi + (αm - αg) ⋅ Δt ⋅ Li, where: Mi is the maximum value of the initial installation deviation or initial gap of the corresponding glass joint, αm is the linear expansion coefficient of the frame metal material, αg is the linear expansion coefficient of the glass material, Δt is the temperature change of the frame component, and Li is the grid width of the corresponding glass panel or the length of the frame component. S4 calculates the ratio coefficient k: k = Defi / Gi; S5 If each glass joint meets the judgment condition: k≤1, then the glass curtain wall unit joint is considered to meet the stress test requirements under the coupled action of temperature deformation and structural displacement. Preferably, the Defi calculation uses a temperature difference displacement model formed by the difference between glass expansion and metal expansion, and calculates the relative deformation under temperature action based on the difference in the linear expansion coefficients of the two materials.

[0005] Preferably, Mi is determined by taking the maximum value of the measured installation deviation on both or multiple sides of the corresponding glass seam, so as to ensure that the calculation process corresponds to the most unfavorable installation state.

[0006] Preferably, the planar structural deformation Gi is the maximum in-plane deformation of the curtain wall unit panel columns or beams under wind load, self-weight and other design loads.

[0007] Preferably, the criterion of k≤1 is used to judge the safety of the glass joint of the unitized glass curtain wall under the coupling conditions of temperature deformation and structural displacement, and when k>1, the joint design or component stiffness needs to be adjusted.

[0008] Preferably, the calculation algorithm can be used to verify the stress safety of glass gaps in the vertical frame, middle vertical frame, middle horizontal frame, and any curtain wall unit component within the unit plane.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention establishes a temperature displacement calculation model based on the difference in the linear expansion coefficients of materials, and combines it with the actual structural deformation of curtain wall components in the plane to form a complete glass gap deformation compatibility verification algorithm. Compared with traditional verification methods that rely on empirical values ​​or linear superposition, this invention can simultaneously consider the temperature expansion difference between glass and metal components, the most unfavorable combination of installation deviations, and the deformation amplification effect caused by the size of ultra-large panels, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of calculation results and engineering applicability. By using the ratio coefficient k as a unified judgment standard, this method can quickly and intuitively judge the stress safety of glass gaps in various parts, realize a unified verification logic for different locations and different components, and avoid the problems of data dispersion and inconsistent judgments in traditional methods. This invention is not only applicable to conventional curtain walls, but also to the deformation safety analysis of irregular, hyperboloid, and ultra-large unitized curtain walls, effectively reducing the risk of glass cracking under pressure, sealing failure, and excessive stress concentration at nodes, and improving the safety, reliability, and long-term durability of curtain wall systems. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the glass seam analysis of the vertical frame of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stress on the glass seam of the vertical frame of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the glass seam analysis of the vertical frame 1 in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the force exerted on the glass seam of the vertical frame 1 in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the glass seam analysis of the vertical frame 2 in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stress on the glass seam of the vertical frame 2 in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the glass seam analysis of the vertical frame 3 in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stress on the glass seam of the vertical frame 3 in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-frame glass seam analysis in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the stress on the horizontal frame glass seam in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0012] This invention provides a method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls. The method involves obtaining the panel dimensions, frame member lengths, linear expansion coefficients of the glass and frame metal materials, and temperature changes of the frame members. It then measures the in-plane structural deformation Gi at the glass joints of the edge, middle, and middle horizontal frames of the unitized glass curtain wall. The method uses the algorithm Defi = Mi + (αm - αg)·Δt·Li to calculate the displacement-compatible deformation of each glass joint under temperature influence, where Mi is the maximum value of the initial installation deviation or initial gap for the corresponding glass joint, αm is the linear expansion coefficient of the frame metal material, αg is the linear expansion coefficient of the glass material, Δt is the temperature change of the frame member, and Li is the panel width of the corresponding glass panel or the length of the frame member. Finally, the ratio coefficient k is calculated based on k = Defi / Gi, and k ≤ 1 is used as the criterion for judging whether the deformation compatibility meets the stress requirements. The temperature difference deformation model of the method is based on the difference in the linear expansion coefficients of metal and glass materials to calculate the relative deformation under temperature. The initial installation deviation is the maximum value among the actual measured installation deviations of the corresponding glass joint to ensure that the verification is carried out under the most unfavorable condition. The structural deformation Gi is the maximum in-plane deformation of the curtain wall unit component under wind load, self-weight and other design loads. The method of this invention is applicable to the stress safety analysis of glass joints of side vertical frames, middle vertical frames, middle horizontal frames and other arbitrary curtain wall unit components. When k≤1, it is determined that the glass joint meets the safety condition under the coupling effect of temperature deformation and structural displacement. If k>1, the joint design or component stiffness needs to be adjusted.

[0013] Example 1 Based on the ultra-large hyperbolic unitized curtain wall project, the safety of the glass joints in the edge vertical frame is checked under the combined action of temperature deformation and structural deformation. Input parameters: Glass partition width: B1 = 1487 mm; Coefficient of linear expansion of glass: αg = 1 × 10⁻ 5 ; Coefficient of linear expansion of aluminum profiles: αal = 2.36 × 10⁻ 5 ; Temperature change of frame components: Δt = 35℃; In-plane structural deformation: G1 = 12.5 mm; Installation deviation: Take the maximum value between the measured values ​​of 2.3mm and 2.2mm, Mi=2.3mm; Calculation of relative displacement caused by temperature: Def1=Mi+(αal-αg)×Δt×B1, after calculation, Def1=3.01mm; k=Def1 / G1=0.24. Since k≤1, it can be determined that the glass joint of the side vertical frame meets the stress deformation requirements.

[0014] Example 2 Inspection of the glass seam in the central vertical frame 1; Input parameters: Glass panel width: B2 = 1995 mm; Coefficient of linear expansion of glass: αg = 1 × 10⁻ 5 ; Coefficient of linear expansion of steel: αst = 1.2 × 10⁻ 5 ; Temperature change of frame components: Δt = 35℃; In-plane structural deformation: G2 = 8 mm; Initial deviation: Mi = max(3.26mm, 3.15mm) = 3.26mm; Calculation of relative displacement caused by temperature: Def2 = 3.26 + (αst - αg)Δt × B2, resulting in Def2 = 3.40 mm; k = 3.40 / 8 = 0.42 ≤ 1, verification passed.

[0015] Example 3 Inspection of the glass seams in the middle vertical frame 2; Input parameters: Component length: H2 = 1460 mm; In-plane structural deformation: G3 = 8mm; Deviation: Mi = max(1.64mm, 1.60mm) = 1.64mm; αst = 1.2 × 10⁻ 5 αg=1×10⁻ 5 ; Δt = 35℃; Calculate: Def3 = 1.64 + (αst - αg)Δt × H2, then Def3 = 1.74 mm; k = 1.74 / 8 = 0.22 ≤ 1, which meets the requirement.

[0016] Example 4 Inspection of the glass seams in the middle vertical frame Input parameters: Component length: H1 = 4793 mm; In-plane structural deformation: G4 = 7.5 mm; Deviation: Mi = 0.06 mm; Calculate: Def4 = 0.06 + (αst - αg)Δt × H1, Def4 = 0.40 mm; k = 0.40 / 7.5 = 0.05 ≤ 1, verification passed.

[0017] Example 5 Inspection of the glass seams in the middle horizontal frame Input parameters: Component length: H2 = 1460 mm; In-plane structural deformation: G5 = 12mm; Deviation: Mi = max(2.83mm, 2.83mm) = 2.83mm; Calculate: Def5 = 2.83 + (αst - αg)Δt × H2, then Def5 = 3.07 mm; k = 3.07 / 12 = 0.26 ≤ 1, verification passed.

[0018] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the curtain wall glass joint deformation inspection method proposed in this invention can quickly check the glass joints of any unit curtain wall through a unified temperature difference displacement calculation model + structural displacement compatible algorithm + k coefficient judgment standard. This invention does not depend on specific dimensions and is applicable to complex curtain wall systems such as ultra-large, irregular, and hyperboloid surfaces, and has wide engineering applicability.

[0019] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1 obtains the grid dimensions of the glass panels, the length of the frame components, the coefficient of linear expansion of the glass material, the coefficient of linear expansion of the frame metal material, and the temperature change of the frame components; S2 measures the in-plane structural deformation Gi at the glass joints of the edge vertical frame, middle vertical frame, and middle horizontal frame of a unitized glass curtain wall. S3 uses the following algorithm to calculate the displacement-compatible deformation Defi of each glass seam under temperature action: Defi = Mi + (αm - αg) ⋅ Δt ⋅ Li, where: Mi is the maximum value of the initial installation deviation or initial gap of the corresponding glass joint, αm is the linear expansion coefficient of the frame metal material, αg is the linear expansion coefficient of the glass material, Δt is the temperature change of the frame component, and Li is the grid width of the corresponding glass panel or the length of the frame component. S4 calculates the ratio coefficient k: k = Defi / Gi; S5 If each glass joint meets the judgment condition: k≤1, then the glass curtain wall unit joint is considered to meet the stress test requirements under the coupled action of temperature deformation and structural displacement.

2. The method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Defi calculation uses a temperature difference displacement model formed by the difference between glass expansion and metal expansion, and calculates the relative deformation under temperature based on the difference in the linear expansion coefficients of the two materials.

3. The method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mi is determined by taking the maximum value of the actual installation deviation measured on both or multiple sides of the corresponding glass seam, so as to ensure that the calculation process corresponds to the most unfavorable installation state.

4. The method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The in-plane structural deformation Gi is the maximum in-plane deformation of the curtain wall unit panel columns or beams under wind load, self-weight and other design loads.

5. The method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The criterion of k≤1 is used to judge the safety of glass joints in unitized glass curtain walls under the coupling conditions of temperature deformation and structural displacement, and when k>1, the joint design or component stiffness needs to be adjusted.

6. The method for stress analysis and testing of ultra-large hyperbolic unitized glass curtain walls according to claim 1, characterized in that: This calculation algorithm can be used to verify the stress safety of glass gaps in the vertical frame, middle vertical frame, middle horizontal frame, and any curtain wall unit component within the unit plane.

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