Agricultural product trade logistics traceability and quality monitoring integrated system

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics, comprising a multi-source sensing terminal module, an edge computing gateway module, a distributed data storage module, a blockchain evidence storage module, a batch evolution tracking module, a terminal interaction module, and a smart packaging layer module. This invention utilizes edge computing nodes to dynamically calculate the quality degradation of agricultural products in real time, and combines this with a blockchain evidence storage mechanism to ensure the immutability of trade documents and logistics trajectories. Through trade-quality collaborative control rules, when the remaining quality index falls below the contract acceptance threshold, rejection evidence storage and compensation calculations are automatically triggered. Furthermore, ownership transfer events can reversely correct the environmental baseline parameters of the quality degradation prediction model, forming a two-way closed-loop drive between quality monitoring and trade decision-making. Quality feedback signals can adaptively adjust the control parameters of the logistics environment, forming a proactive intervention in the storage and transportation stages, effectively extending the shelf life of agricultural products and reducing abnormal losses during the distribution process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural product logistics and quality and safety monitoring technology, specifically to an integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional agricultural product trade and logistics systems generally suffer from prominent problems such as information gaps and lagging quality control. Among the multiple circulation nodes such as production areas, transit warehouses, wholesalers, and retailers, basic information about agricultural products, certificates of origin, and quarantine certificates are mostly recorded in paper documents or independent electronic records. The data at each node is isolated from each other. Once a food safety issue occurs, it is difficult to complete the reverse tracking and responsibility determination of the entire chain from the retail end to the production end in a short period of time.

[0003] At the same time, existing logistics monitoring methods are mostly limited to single-point temperature and humidity records, failing to link logistics environment data with the biological characteristics and physicochemical indicators of agricultural products themselves to model the decay patterns. This results in quality monitoring heavily relying on manual sampling and end-point testing, which is not only inefficient but also unable to predict the real-time changes in quality during transit, easily leading to industry pain points such as misjudgment of freshness and high loss rates.

[0004] Furthermore, the complex operations involved in trade and distribution, such as batch splitting and consolidation, and shared transportation, further exacerbate the difficulty of achieving accurate traceability and quality assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides an integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics, which solves the problem that the existing technology relies heavily on manual sampling and end-point testing for quality monitoring. This is not only inefficient, but also unable to predict the real-time changes in quality during transit, which can easily lead to misjudgment of freshness and high loss rate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade and logistics includes:

[0008] The multi-source sensing terminal module is used to collect environmental parameters, physical impact parameters and location information in real time during the logistics process of agricultural products, and to timestamp and bind the collected data to node identifiers.

[0009] The edge computing gateway module is communicatively connected to the multi-source sensing terminal module and has a built-in quality decay collaborative calculation engine, which is used to calculate the dynamic quality decay rate of agricultural products under the current logistics environment based on the received environmental parameters and physical impact parameters, and generate real-time quality assessment results.

[0010] The distributed data storage module is used to receive and persistently store the sensing data, quality assessment results and early warning events uploaded by the edge computing gateway module, and organize the information index according to the trade batch primary key;

[0011] The blockchain evidence storage module, logically coupled with the distributed data storage module, is used to generate an immutable evidence storage block containing an event timestamp, the signature of the operating entity, and the hash of the associated environmental feature value for each subject change event or property transfer event in the agricultural product trade and circulation process.

[0012] The batch evolution tracking module is used to respond to batch splitting or batch merging commands, generate an association mapping table between sub-batch and parent batch, and recalculate the initial quality index of the merged batch based on quantity weights.

[0013] The terminal interaction module is connected to the distributed data storage module and the blockchain evidence storage module, respectively, and is used to provide a graphical interface for replaying logistics trajectories, displaying quality degradation curves, and querying real-time traceability information based on electronic tag scanning.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-source sensing terminal module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an ethylene gas sensor, and a triaxial accelerometer; the temperature and humidity sensor is used to capture ambient temperature and relative humidity; the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to monitor respiratory intensity parameters; the ethylene gas sensor is used to detect the concentration of maturation hormones; and the triaxial accelerometer is used to record impact and vibration events, tilt angle changes, and cumulative bump intensity during transportation.

[0015] Preferably, the quality degradation collaborative calculation engine of the edge computing gateway module operates as follows: it retrieves the locally stored agricultural product quality benchmark parameter library, which includes the initial freshness index, critical ethylene threshold, and respiratory heat model coefficients; it calculates a first quality correction factor based on the current ambient temperature and relative humidity, a second quality correction factor based on the accumulated frequency and intensity of impact vibration events, and a third physiological correction factor based on the real-time ratio of carbon dioxide concentration to ethylene concentration; it then weights and fuses the first, second, and third quality correction factors with the quality residual index from the previous moment to output the dynamic quality degradation rate at the current moment.

[0016] Preferably, the edge computing gateway module compares the dynamic quality degradation rate with the three-level warning threshold in real time: if the dynamic quality degradation rate exceeds the second-level warning threshold but does not reach the third-level threshold, it automatically selects and issues instructions based on the actual equipment configuration of the current logistics vehicle: when connected to an on-board refrigeration unit controller, it issues a temperature control instruction including the target temperature correction value and the refrigeration compressor duty cycle adjustment; when connected to an atmosphere control equipment controller, it issues an atmosphere control instruction including the air exchange frequency increment value and the ethylene removal machine start / stop signal; when connected to two types of controllers simultaneously, it issues the temperature control instruction and the atmosphere control instruction in parallel; if the dynamic quality degradation rate reaches the third-level threshold, it is determined to be irreversible quality loss, and a quality anomaly evidence block is created in the blockchain evidence storage module. The quality anomaly evidence block automatically triggers a three-party warning notification to the shipper, carrier, and consignee; if the dynamic quality degradation rate falls back to below the first-level warning threshold within a preset response time after the adjustment instruction is issued, the adjustment event is recorded as an effective intervention and stored in the distributed data storage module.

[0017] Preferably, the distributed data storage module organizes the information index according to the following structure: each trade batch is associated with the origin information, harvesting time, processing and packaging records, electronic quarantine certificate, logistics carrier information, and transit node receipt records as a primary key; the distributed data storage module also maintains a parent-child batch association mapping table to record the correspondence between the source batch identifier and the target batch identifier and the operation time point in batch splitting or batch merging operations.

[0018] Preferably, when the batch evolution tracking module receives a batch splitting instruction, it generates several sub-batch numbers according to the splitting ratio. Each sub-batch number inherits the complete traceability information of the original trade batch primary key and establishes a one-way link between the sub-batch and the parent batch in the parent-child batch association mapping table. When the batch evolution tracking module receives a batch merging instruction, it aligns the quality decay curves of multiple source batches on the time axis based on the merging operation time point, calculates the weighted initial quality index of the new batch after merging based on the remaining quantity weight of agricultural products in each source batch, and generates a storage block for the new batch in the blockchain storage module. The block body of the storage block records the hash chain pointers of each source batch before merging.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a smart packaging layer module, which is attached to the smallest sales unit of agricultural products and consists of a flexible RFID tag, a time-temperature integral indicator strip, and an oxygen indicator point; the flexible RFID tag stores a globally unique item code and the corresponding trade batch key; the color-changing area of ​​the time-temperature integral indicator strip undergoes an irreversible color change reaction from the initial color to the final color as the cumulative heat load occurs; the terminal interaction module calculates a cross-validated freshness value independent of the dynamic quality decay rate by photographing the time-temperature integral indicator strip and combining it with a color recognition algorithm.

[0020] Preferably, the distributed data storage module compares the cross-validated freshness value with the theoretical freshness value calculated based on the dynamic quality decay rate: if the absolute deviation between the two exceeds a preset tolerance threshold, a sensor calibration prompt or a package mismatch alarm is generated; if the deviation between the cross-validated freshness value and the theoretical freshness value is within the tolerance threshold, and the theoretical freshness value is lower than the minimum selling threshold, a limited-time promotion recommendation signal or a disposal confirmation signal is issued through the terminal interaction module.

[0021] Preferably, the terminal interaction module includes a handheld terminal application and a monitoring screen visualization interface; the handheld terminal application scans the electronic tag or QR code on the turnover box to retrieve and display in real time the complete logistics trajectory associated with the turnover box, the historical dynamic quality decay rate curve, and the three-level early warning trigger record; the monitoring screen visualization interface displays the real-time location, quality and health score, and estimated remaining shelf life of all batches in transit in the form of a geographic information system map, and after receiving the batch query command input by the user, it replays the process of environmental parameter changes and quality early warning nodes of the batch from the place of origin to the current location in a timeline manner.

[0022] Preferably, the monitoring screen visualization interface also provides a multi-batch comparative analysis view, which displays the quality degradation rate curve, ambient temperature curve, and vibration accumulation curve of at least two different trade batches in parallel under the same time coordinate system; the monitoring screen visualization interface receives user selection operations, sorts the average quality degradation rate of multiple batches within the selected time period, and highlights batches with abnormal degradation rates and their associated logistics carrier information and transit node records.

[0023] This invention offers the following advantages: It utilizes edge computing nodes to dynamically calculate the quality degradation of agricultural products in real time, and combines this with a blockchain-based evidence storage mechanism to ensure the immutability of trade documents and logistics trajectories. Through trade-quality collaborative control rules, when the remaining quality index falls below the contract acceptance threshold, rejection and compensation calculations are automatically triggered. Furthermore, the transfer of ownership events can reversely correct the environmental baseline parameters of the quality degradation prediction model, forming a two-way closed-loop drive between quality monitoring and trade decision-making. Quality feedback signals can adaptively adjust the control parameters of the logistics environment, enabling proactive intervention in storage and transportation, effectively extending the shelf life of agricultural products and reducing abnormal losses during distribution. This invention embeds trade flow logic into the quality monitoring core, solving the technical problem of the disconnect between information flow and material flow in existing systems, and providing reliable technical support for international agricultural trade and the high-end fresh produce supply chain. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are able to easily make conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc. of certain units (components).

[0025] Figure 1 A block diagram of the integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics provided in this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely for further explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Technical engineers in the field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above-described content. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 An integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade and logistics, including:

[0028] The multi-source sensing terminal module is used to collect environmental parameters, physical impact parameters and location information in real time during the logistics process of agricultural products, and to timestamp and bind the collected data to node identifiers.

[0029] The edge computing gateway module is communicatively connected to the multi-source sensing terminal module and has a built-in quality decay collaborative calculation engine, which is used to calculate the dynamic quality decay rate of agricultural products under the current logistics environment based on the received environmental parameters and physical impact parameters, and generate real-time quality assessment results.

[0030] The distributed data storage module is used to receive and persistently store the sensing data, quality assessment results and early warning events uploaded by the edge computing gateway module, and organize the information index according to the trade batch primary key;

[0031] The blockchain evidence storage module, logically coupled with the distributed data storage module, generates an immutable evidence block containing an event timestamp, the operator's signature, and a hash of associated environmental characteristics for each change of subject or transfer of ownership event in the agricultural product trade process. The connection between the blockchain evidence storage module and the distributed data storage module is as follows: after completing the writing or updating of each trade batch record, the distributed data storage module pushes an evidence storage event notification to the blockchain evidence storage module via a message queue middleware (such as RabbitMQ or Kafka). This notification includes the event type, the associated trade batch primary key, and the hash value of the data to be evidenced. The blockchain evidence storage module, acting as a message consumer, asynchronously performs block packaging, signing, and on-chain operations upon receiving the notification. Simultaneously, after successful evidence storage, the blockchain evidence storage module writes back the block height and transaction ID to the corresponding record field in the distributed data storage module for subsequent query and verification. The two modules do not share the same database instance, nor do they directly call each other's internal functions. Instead, they exchange data and coordinate processes through predefined interface protocols (RESTful API or gRPC) and message queues. This specification refers to this loosely coupled relationship based on interface protocols and message-driven processes as "logical coupling".

[0032] The specific implementation method of embedding the trade flow logic into the quality monitoring kernel of this system is as follows. First, the "trade flow logic" consists of a set of digital rules, which include: (a) the rules for the transfer of ownership, namely, the definition of the triggering conditions and effective time for the transfer of ownership of agricultural products from the shipper to the carrier and from the carrier to the consignee; (b) the rules for trade contract constraints, namely, the quality acceptance threshold, rejection conditions, price reduction settlement ratio and the division of compensation responsibilities between the trading parties; and (c) the rules for batch splitting and combining, namely, the inheritance relationship of ownership between sub-batch and parent batch and the attribution of quality responsibility when sorting, carpooling or merging multiple orders are carried out during the trade process.

[0033] Embeddedness is achieved through a two-way driving mechanism: First, quality monitoring results drive trade decisions. The dynamic quality decay rate calculated by the edge computing gateway module is synchronized in real time to the trade-quality collaborative control rule engine. When the remaining quality index is lower than the quality acceptance threshold agreed in the trade contract, the rule engine automatically sends an instruction to the blockchain notarization module to create a "quality anomaly notarization block." This notarization block includes a generated rejection notice or a price reduction settlement suggestion, which is then pushed to the operation interfaces of both trading parties via the terminal interaction module. Second, trade activities change the quality assessment benchmark. When a transfer of ownership occurs (e.g., shipment and receipt at the place of origin) or batch splitting and repackaging operations are completed, the rule engine reads the storage environment standards specified by the new owner or the equipment capability parameters of the new logistics carrier from the relational traceability database. These parameters are used as environmental benchmark correction values ​​in the calculation of the dynamic quality decay rate and written back to the quality benchmark parameter library of the edge computing gateway module, enabling the quality decay prediction model to adaptively adjust according to changes in the trade process.

[0034] Through the aforementioned two-way driving mechanism, the trade flow logic is no longer an external business process independent of quality monitoring, but rather a judgment condition that is executed within the system and deeply coupled with the quality decay calculation, realizing an integrated closed loop of "trade is monitoring, and monitoring is trade".

[0035] The batch evolution tracking module is used to respond to batch splitting or batch merging commands, generate an association mapping table between sub-batch and parent batch, and recalculate the initial quality index of the merged batch based on quantity weights.

[0036] The terminal interaction module is connected to the distributed data storage module and the blockchain evidence storage module, respectively, and is used to provide a graphical interface for replaying logistics trajectories, displaying quality degradation curves, and querying real-time traceability information based on electronic tag scanning.

[0037] This embodiment provides an integrated system for agricultural product trade logistics traceability and quality monitoring. In actual deployment, the system can be divided into a multi-source sensing terminal module, an edge computing gateway module, a distributed data storage module, a blockchain evidence storage module, a batch evolution tracking module, a terminal interaction module, and an intelligent packaging layer module.

[0038] The multi-source sensing terminal module comprises multiple distributed data acquisition nodes. Each node is fixed within an agricultural product turnover box, refrigerated truck compartment, or controlled atmosphere storage facility. Specifically, each node integrates a temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an ethylene gas sensor, and a triaxial accelerometer. The temperature and humidity sensor captures ambient temperature and relative humidity; the carbon dioxide concentration sensor monitors respiration intensity parameters; the ethylene gas sensor detects the concentration of ripening hormones; and the triaxial accelerometer records impact and vibration events, tilt angle changes, and cumulative bump intensity during transportation. All sensors are synchronously triggered according to a preset sampling period, which is dynamically set based on the type of agricultural product—for example, once every 30 seconds for leafy vegetables and once every 5 minutes for root vegetables. The collected raw data is converted from analog to digital and then appended with a unique identifier for the data acquisition node and a GPS positioning timestamp to form a structured sensing data packet.

[0039] The edge computing gateway module is deployed on logistics vehicles or transit stations. The edge computing gateway receives sensor data packets from multi-source sensing terminal modules and has a built-in quality attenuation collaborative calculation engine. Upon receiving temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and vibration data, this engine executes the following steps:

[0040] The first step is to retrieve the locally stored agricultural product quality benchmark parameter library, which includes the initial freshness index, critical ethylene threshold, and respiration heat model coefficient for specific varieties.

[0041] The second step is to calculate the first quality correction factor based on the current ambient temperature and relative humidity; the second quality correction factor based on the accumulated frequency and intensity of impact and vibration events; and the third physiological correction factor based on the real-time ratio of carbon dioxide concentration to ethylene concentration.

[0042] The third step is to weight and fuse the first quality correction factor, the second quality correction factor, and the third physiological correction factor with the quality residual index of the previous moment to output the dynamic quality decay rate at the current moment.

[0043] Weighted fusion can be calculated using the following linear weighting formula:

[0044] Let the remaining quality index at the previous moment be Qt-1 (ranging from 0 to 1, where 1 represents the best quality immediately after harvest and 0 represents complete loss of commercial value), and the initial quality index be Q0 (usually set to 1). Define the first quality correction factor as fT (calculated from temperature and humidity, dimensionless, ranging from 0 to 1, with larger values ​​indicating less favorable conditions for preservation), the second quality correction factor as fV (calculated from cumulative impact vibration, dimensionless, ranging from 0 to 1), and the third physiological correction factor as fG (calculated from the ratio of carbon dioxide to ethylene concentration, dimensionless, ranging from 0 to 1). Then, the formula for calculating the dynamic quality decay rate Rt at the current moment is:

[0045] Rt=wT×fT+wV×fV+wG×fG

[0046] Here, wT, wV, and wG are preset weighting coefficients that satisfy wT + wV + wG = 1. The specific values ​​are determined experimentally based on the agricultural product category. For example, for climacteric fruits, wG can be set to a higher value (e.g., 0.5), wT to 0.3, and wV to 0.2; for leafy vegetables, wT can be set to 0.6, wV to 0.3, and wG to 0.1.

[0047] After obtaining the dynamic quality decay rate Rt, the remaining quality index Qt at the current moment can be further updated by the following formula:

[0048] Qt = Qt-1 × (1 - Rt × Δt)

[0049] In the formula, tΔt is the time interval between two adjacent samples (in hours). If Qt is lower than the preset minimum salable threshold (e.g., 0.3), the corresponding warning level is triggered.

[0050] The edge computing gateway module compares the dynamic quality degradation rate with the set three-level warning threshold in real time. If any threshold is exceeded, a local warning signal is generated, and the warning event and associated sensing data packets are uploaded to the subsequent modules.

[0051] The distributed data storage module consists of a distributed message queue and a relational traceability database. The distributed message queue is responsible for receiving and caching uploaded sensing data packets and early warning events. The relational traceability database is organized according to the primary key of the trade batch. Each trade batch primary key is associated with the place of origin information, harvesting time, processing and packaging records, electronic version of quarantine certificate, logistics carrier information, and transit node receipt records. The distributed data storage module also maintains a parent-child batch association mapping table to record the correspondence between the source batch identifier and the target batch identifier and the operation time point in batch splitting or batch merging operations.

[0052] The blockchain evidence storage module is logically coupled with the distributed data storage module, generating an immutable evidence block for each critical event involving changes in the subject or transfer of ownership. These critical events include origin-based shipment, warehousing inspection, secondary sorting, outbound verification, and terminal receipt. Each evidence block contains the event occurrence time, event type, digital signature of the operating entity, associated trade batch primary key, and aggregated environmental feature hashes for 30 minutes before and after the event. When the edge computing gateway module determines that the dynamic quality degradation rate reaches the third-level threshold, the blockchain evidence storage module creates a quality anomaly evidence block, which automatically triggers a three-party warning notification to the shipper, carrier, and consignee.

[0053] The batch evolution tracking module works in conjunction with the distributed data storage module and the blockchain evidence storage module. Upon receiving a batch splitting instruction, the batch evolution tracking module generates several sub-batch numbers based on the splitting ratio. Each sub-batch number inherits complete traceability information from the original trade batch's primary key, and a one-way link between the sub-batch and the parent batch is established in the parent-child batch association mapping table of the distributed data storage module. After splitting, each sub-batch independently collects new logistics environment data and quality monitoring data. Upon receiving a batch merging instruction, the batch evolution tracking module aligns the quality decay curves of multiple source batches along the timeline, using the merging operation time point as the benchmark. It calculates the weighted initial quality index of the merged new batch based on the remaining quantity weight of agricultural products in each source batch, and simultaneously instructs the blockchain evidence storage module to generate an evidence block for the new batch. This evidence block records the hash chain pointers of each source batch before merging, ensuring that the quality assessment after merging does not lose the historical characteristics of any source batch.

[0054] The terminal interaction module includes a handheld terminal application and a monitoring screen visualization interface. The handheld terminal application is used by logistics operators or quality inspectors. By scanning electronic tags or QR codes on the turnover boxes, they can retrieve in real-time the complete logistics trajectory associated with that turnover box, historical dynamic quality degradation rate curves, and three-level early warning trigger records from the distributed data storage module. The monitoring screen visualization interface is for traders, distribution management platforms, and inspection and quarantine agencies. It displays the real-time location, quality and health scores, and estimated remaining shelf life of all batches in transit in the form of a geographic information system map. After receiving a batch query command from the user, the monitoring screen visualization interface replays the complete environmental parameter change process of the batch from its place of origin to its current location in a timeline format, as well as the occurrence points and handling results of each quality warning. The monitoring screen visualization interface also provides a multi-batch comparative analysis view, displaying the quality degradation rate curves, environmental temperature curves, and vibration accumulation curves of at least two different trade batches in parallel on the same time coordinate system. It also accepts user selection operations, sorting the average quality degradation rate of multiple batches within the selected time period, highlighting batches with abnormal degradation rates and their associated logistics carrier information and transit node records.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the system further implements quality feedback-driven closed-loop environmental regulation. When the edge computing gateway module calculates that the dynamic quality degradation rate exceeds the second-level warning threshold but does not reach the third-level threshold, it automatically selects and issues commands based on the actual equipment configuration of the current logistics vehicle: when connected to an on-board refrigeration unit controller, it issues a temperature control command including a target temperature correction value and a refrigeration compressor duty cycle adjustment; when connected to a controlled atmosphere device controller, it issues a controlled atmosphere command including an air exchange frequency increment and an ethylene removal machine start / stop signal; when both types of controllers are connected simultaneously, the temperature control command and the controlled atmosphere command are issued in parallel. After receiving the corresponding command, the controller adjusts the refrigeration compressor duty cycle or the air intake of the controlled atmosphere membrane module in real time and continuously monitors the changes in environmental parameters after adjustment. If the dynamic quality degradation rate falls back below the first-level warning threshold within a preset response time, the adjustment event is recorded as an effective intervention and stored in the distributed data storage module; if the degradation rate continues to rise and reaches the third-level threshold, it is determined to be irreversible quality loss, and the blockchain evidence storage module is triggered to create a quality anomaly evidence block.

[0056] In another preferred embodiment, the system further includes a smart packaging layer module. This module, attached to the smallest sales unit of the agricultural product, consists of a flexible RFID tag, a time-temperature integral indicator strip, and an oxygen indicator point. The flexible RFID tag stores a globally unique item code for the smallest sales unit and its corresponding trade batch key. The color-changing area of ​​the time-temperature integral indicator strip undergoes an irreversible color change from initial green to final red as the cumulative heat load increases. A handheld terminal application, by photographing the indicator strip and combining it with a color recognition algorithm, calculates a cross-validated freshness value independent of the sensing data link. A distributed data storage module compares the cross-validated freshness value with a theoretical freshness value calculated by an edge computing gateway module based on a dynamic quality decay rate. If the deviation exceeds a preset tolerance threshold, a sensor calibration prompt or a package mismatch alarm is generated, thereby achieving dual-mode mutual verification of the electronic sensing path and the chemical indicator path. If the deviation between the cross-validated freshness value and the theoretical freshness value is within the tolerance threshold, and the theoretical freshness value is lower than the minimum selling threshold, a limited-time promotion recommendation signal or a disposal confirmation signal is issued through the terminal interaction module.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics, characterized in that: include: The multi-source sensing terminal module is used to collect environmental parameters, physical impact parameters and location information in real time during the logistics process of agricultural products, and to timestamp and bind the collected data to node identifiers. The edge computing gateway module has a built-in quality decay collaborative calculation engine, which is used to calculate the dynamic quality decay rate of agricultural products under the current logistics environment based on the received environmental parameters and physical impact parameters, and generate real-time quality assessment results. The distributed data storage module is used to receive and persistently store the sensing data, quality assessment results and early warning events uploaded by the edge computing gateway module, and organize the information index according to the trade batch primary key; The blockchain evidence storage module is used to generate an immutable evidence storage block containing an event timestamp, the signature of the operating entity, and the hash of the associated environmental feature value for each event of change of subject or transfer of property rights in the process of agricultural product trade and circulation. The batch evolution tracking module is used to respond to batch splitting or batch merging commands, generate an association mapping table between sub-batch and parent batch, and recalculate the initial quality index of the merged batch based on quantity weights. The terminal interaction module is used to provide a graphical interface for replaying logistics trajectories, displaying quality degradation curves, and querying real-time traceability information based on electronic tag scanning.

2. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source sensing terminal module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an ethylene gas sensor, and a triaxial accelerometer. The temperature and humidity sensor is used to capture ambient temperature and relative humidity. The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to monitor respiratory intensity parameters. The ethylene gas sensor is used to detect the concentration of maturation hormones. The triaxial accelerometer is used to record impact and vibration events, tilt angle changes, and cumulative bump intensity during transportation.

3. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quality degradation collaborative calculation engine of the edge computing gateway module operates as follows: it retrieves the locally stored agricultural product quality benchmark parameter library, which includes the initial freshness index, critical ethylene threshold, and respiratory heat model coefficient; it calculates the first quality correction factor based on the current ambient temperature and relative humidity; it calculates the second quality correction factor based on the accumulated frequency and intensity of impact vibration events; and it calculates the third physiological correction factor based on the real-time ratio of carbon dioxide concentration to ethylene concentration. The first quality correction factor, the second quality correction factor, and the third physiological correction factor are weighted and fused with the quality residual index of the previous time step to output the dynamic quality decay rate at the current time step.

4. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 3, characterized in that, The edge computing gateway module compares the dynamic quality degradation rate with the three-level warning threshold in real time: if the dynamic quality degradation rate exceeds the second-level warning threshold but does not reach the third-level threshold, it automatically selects and issues commands based on the actual equipment configuration of the current logistics vehicle: when connected to an on-board refrigeration unit controller, it issues a temperature control command including the target temperature correction value and the refrigeration compressor duty cycle adjustment; when connected to an atmosphere control equipment controller, it issues an atmosphere control command including the air exchange frequency increment value and the ethylene removal machine start / stop signal; when both types of controllers are connected simultaneously, the temperature control command and the atmosphere control command are issued in parallel. If the dynamic quality decay rate reaches the third threshold, it is determined to be irreversible quality loss, and a quality anomaly evidence block is created in the blockchain evidence storage module. The quality anomaly evidence block automatically triggers a three-party early warning notification to the shipper, carrier and consignee. If the dynamic quality degradation rate falls below the first-level warning threshold within the preset response time after the adjustment command is issued, the adjustment event will be recorded as an effective intervention and stored in the distributed data storage module.

5. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed data storage module organizes the information index according to the following structure: each trade batch is associated with the origin information, harvest time, processing and packaging records, electronic quarantine certificate, logistics carrier information, and transit node receipt records as a primary key; the distributed data storage module also maintains a parent-child batch association mapping table to record the correspondence between the source batch identifier and the target batch identifier and the operation time point in batch splitting or batch merging operations.

6. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the batch evolution tracking module receives a batch splitting instruction, it generates several sub-batch numbers according to the splitting ratio. Each sub-batch number inherits the complete traceability information of the original trade batch primary key and establishes a one-way link between the sub-batch and the parent batch in the parent-child batch association mapping table. When the batch evolution tracking module receives a batch merging instruction, it aligns the quality decay curves of multiple source batches on the time axis based on the merging operation time point, calculates the weighted initial quality index of the new batch after merging based on the remaining quantity weight of agricultural products in each source batch, and generates a storage block for the new batch in the blockchain storage module. The block body of the storage block records the hash chain pointers of each source batch before merging.

7. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a smart packaging layer module, which is attached to the smallest sales unit of agricultural products and consists of a flexible RFID tag, a time-temperature integral indicator strip, and an oxygen indicator point. The flexible RFID tag stores a globally unique item code and the corresponding trade batch key. The color-changing area of ​​the time-temperature integral indicator strip undergoes an irreversible color change reaction from the initial color to the final color as the cumulative heat load increases. The terminal interaction module calculates a cross-validated freshness value independent of the dynamic quality decay rate by photographing the time-temperature integral indicator strip and combining it with a color recognition algorithm.

8. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distributed data storage module compares the cross-validated freshness value with the theoretical freshness value calculated based on the dynamic quality decay rate. If the absolute deviation between the two exceeds a preset tolerance threshold, a sensor calibration prompt or a package mismatch alarm is generated. If the deviation between the cross-validated freshness value and the theoretical freshness value is within the tolerance threshold, and the theoretical freshness value is lower than the minimum selling threshold, a limited-time promotion recommendation signal or a disposal confirmation signal is issued through the terminal interaction module.

9. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal interaction module includes a handheld terminal application and a monitoring screen visualization interface. The handheld terminal application can scan the electronic tag or QR code on the turnover box to retrieve and display the complete logistics trajectory associated with the turnover box, the historical dynamic quality decay rate curve, and the three-level early warning trigger record in real time. The monitoring screen visualization interface displays the real-time location, quality and health score, and estimated remaining shelf life of all batches in transit in the form of a geographic information system map. After receiving the batch query command input by the user, it can replay the process of environmental parameter changes and quality early warning nodes of the batch from the place of origin to the current location in a timeline manner.

10. The integrated system for traceability and quality monitoring of agricultural product trade logistics according to claim 9, characterized in that, The monitoring screen visualization interface also provides a multi-batch comparative analysis view, which displays the quality degradation rate curve, ambient temperature curve, and vibration accumulation curve of at least two different trade batches in parallel under the same time coordinate system; the monitoring screen visualization interface receives user selection operations, sorts the average quality degradation rate of multiple batches within the selected time period, and highlights batches with abnormal degradation rates and their associated logistics carrier information and transit node records.

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