Methods, devices, equipment, and storage media for calling flywheel arrays

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power grid frequency regulation technology, and discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for invoking a flywheel array. The method includes: acquiring health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; evaluating the health of the flywheels based on the health status parameters to obtain their health status; acquiring the required frequency regulation power of the power grid in response to a primary frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array; and selecting target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on their health status and required frequency regulation power. This invention can significantly improve frequency regulation accuracy and response speed, while also improving the operational economy and durability of the flywheel array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power grid frequency regulation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for calling a flywheel array. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power systems, frequency regulation is a key technology for ensuring stable grid operation. Flywheel array energy storage systems (hereinafter referred to as flywheel arrays), as an emerging energy storage technology, play an irreplaceable role in primary frequency regulation of the power grid due to their high power density and rapid response capabilities. A flywheel array integrates multiple flywheel energy storage systems (hereinafter referred to as flywheels) in an array configuration. The flywheel array primarily provides instantaneous active power support by rapidly adjusting grid frequency deviations, thereby maintaining grid frequency stability and reducing the negative impacts of response delays caused by traditional generator sets.

[0003] In related technologies, flywheel arrays typically employ a power allocation strategy based on the State of Charge (SOC) of the energy storage system when participating in primary frequency regulation. This strategy requires all flywheels to participate in frequency regulation synchronously and achieves an operational balance of "more discharging at high SOC and more charging at low SOC" by real-time monitoring and dynamic scheduling of the power (output or input) of each flywheel. However, this strategy has revealed several limitations in actual operation, especially the significant contradiction between rigid constraints and actual needs.

[0004] Specifically, firstly, this strategy requires all flywheels to participate in frequency modulation synchronously. This means that even if a single flywheel can meet the power requirements under low power demand conditions, all flywheels still need to be activated for adjustment, resulting in unnecessary energy consumption and mechanical wear, thus wasting resources and affecting frequency modulation accuracy.

[0005] Secondly, since each flywheel has different factory performance, service life, and real-time operating status, forcing all flywheels to maintain a consistent speed will exacerbate performance differences. Especially during frequent frequency tuning cycles, flywheels with poorer performance may fail, shortening the lifespan of the entire flywheel array and posing an operational risk of neglecting individual performance.

[0006] Furthermore, maintaining the uniform rotational speed of the flywheel array requires fine-tuning of each flywheel. This not only increases algorithm complexity and communication burden but may also lead to mechanical problems such as secondary vibrations due to frequent power fluctuations. This strategy of pursuing apparent uniformity of the flywheel array at the expense of the optimal operation of individual flywheels may affect the stability, economy, and efficiency of the flywheel array.

[0007] Therefore, the aforementioned defects of flywheel arrays in primary frequency regulation applications limit their performance in terms of frequency regulation accuracy, frequency regulation response speed, operating economy, and equipment durability in power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for calling a flywheel array, aiming to solve the technical problems of resource waste, operational risks of ignoring individual performance, and high maintenance costs in primary frequency modulation applications of flywheel arrays, which affect frequency modulation accuracy, frequency modulation response speed, operating economy, and equipment durability.

[0009] Firstly, a method for invoking a flywheel array is provided, including: Obtain the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health status of the flywheel is evaluated based on the health status parameters to obtain the health status of the flywheel. In response to a frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array, the required frequency regulation power of the power grid is obtained; Based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power, target flywheels are selected from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a device for calling a flywheel array, comprising: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health assessment module is used to assess the health of the flywheel based on the health status parameters, and obtain the health status of the flywheel. The power acquisition module is used to acquire the required frequency regulation power of the power grid in response to a primary frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array; The flywheel screening module is used to select target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power.

[0011] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer device, the computer device including a processor, a memory, a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, and a data bus for implementing communication between the processor and the memory, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the flywheel array calling method as described in the first aspect.

[0012] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium for computer-readable storage, wherein the storage medium stores one or more programs that can be executed by one or more processors to implement the flywheel array invocation method as described in the first aspect.

[0013] The aforementioned method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for invoking flywheel arrays involves: acquiring the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; evaluating the flywheel health based on these parameters to obtain its health level; responding to the primary frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array, acquiring the required frequency regulation power of the power grid; and selecting target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on their health level and required frequency regulation power. This approach, based on multi-dimensional health status parameters that accurately reflect the real-time health status of the flywheels, allows for a refined evaluation of the health level, reflecting the overall health of the flywheels. This enables a comprehensive and accurate quantification of the flywheels' individual performance, allowing for rapid assessment of flywheel health and the required frequency regulation power based on the power grid's primary frequency regulation request. From the perspective of actual frequency regulation needs and the flywheels' individual performance, the required number of target flywheels are rationally selected from the flywheel array and allocated appropriate power loads to participate in the current frequency regulation of the power grid. This satisfies the requirements for speed and accuracy in primary frequency regulation response, achieves economical operation of the flywheel array, ensures a balanced lifespan for the flywheel array, and improves its durability. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for invoking a flywheel array according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the health assessment architecture involved in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific implementation of step S40; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a flywheel array calling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of a flywheel array calling device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for invoking a flywheel array. The method involves: acquiring health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; evaluating the health of the flywheels based on the health status parameters to obtain their health status; acquiring the required frequency regulation power of the power grid in response to a primary frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array; and selecting target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on their health status and required frequency regulation power. In this way, based on multi-dimensional health status parameters that can accurately reflect the real-time health status of the flywheel, the health level reflecting the overall health level of the flywheel can be finely evaluated, and the personalized performance of the flywheel can be comprehensively and accurately quantified. In order to respond to the primary frequency regulation request of the power grid, the health status of the flywheel and the frequency regulation power demand based on the power grid can be quickly assessed. From the perspective of actual frequency regulation needs and personalized performance of the flywheel, the required number of target flywheels can be reasonably selected from the flywheel array and assigned appropriate power loads to participate in the current frequency regulation of the power grid. This not only meets the requirements of primary frequency regulation response speed and accuracy, but also realizes the economical operation of the flywheel array, while ensuring the balanced lifespan of the flywheel array and improving its durability.

[0018] The flywheel array invocation method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or server, and can also be applied to a flywheel array controller. The terminal can be a vehicle-mounted terminal, a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, etc.; the server can be configured as an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms; the software can be an application implementing the flywheel array invocation method, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for invoking a flywheel array according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes steps S10 to S40.

[0020] S10: Obtain the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array.

[0021] The flywheel array calling method provided by this invention designs a more accurate, dynamic and intelligent innovative frequency modulation calling mechanism for flywheel arrays, forming a closed-loop calling logic of parameter acquisition-health assessment-dynamic screening, aiming to improve frequency modulation accuracy and frequency modulation response speed, while improving the operating economy and durability of flywheel arrays.

[0022] The following provides a detailed description of the method for calling the flywheel array provided in the embodiments of the present invention. In step S10, the health status parameters of each flywheel in the flywheel array can be obtained. The health status parameters can comprehensively and reliably reflect the real-time health status of the flywheel, thus providing very important data support for the dynamic power allocation of the flywheel array.

[0023] S20: The health status of the flywheel is evaluated based on the health status parameters to obtain the flywheel's health status.

[0024] For step S20, for each flywheel in the flywheel array, its health is reliably evaluated based on its health status parameters, thereby quantifying the health status parameters into health level. Health level can better represent the overall health level of the flywheel and reflect the personalized performance of the flywheel.

[0025] In step S20 of some embodiments, the health status parameters include the health status index of the main body system and the health status index of the core component. The basic health status of the flywheel can be calculated based on the health status index of the main body system to obtain the basic health status of the flywheel; the health status of the core component can be calculated based on the health status index of the core component to obtain the health status of the core component; and the basic health status and the health status of the core component can be weighted and summed to obtain the health status.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the health assessment architecture. Figure 2 In the illustration, the State of Health (SOH) assessment revolves around the flywheel's eight core subsystems (mainly including the ontology system and seven core components). It monitors representative key operating parameters of these subsystems to construct standardized health status indicators, thereby quantitatively assessing the flywheel's health based on these indicators. The health assessment involves a basic health assessment based on the ontology system's health status indicators, a core component health assessment based on the core component's health status indicators, and a weighted sum of the basic and core component health assessments.

[0027] (a) Basic health assessment: The health status indicators of the flywheel body system reflect the overall usage intensity and reliability of the flywheel body system in the flywheel array. They mainly include key operating parameters such as the total number of failures, cumulative running time, and cumulative number of revolutions of the flywheel body system.

[0028] For each flywheel in the flywheel array, its basic health level is calculated based on the health status index of the main system, denoted as . SOH 飞轮 In order to comprehensively assess their basic health status.

[0029] Specifically, considering that the key operational parameters included in the ontology system's health status indicators may have different dimensions, each key operational parameter in the ontology system's health status indicators can first be normalized to obtain a standard value for each key operational parameter. Then, a weighted summation calculation is performed on the standard values ​​of each key operational parameter; that is, for each key operational parameter, its standard value is multiplied by its preset weight to obtain its weight score. Finally, the weight scores of all key operational parameters included in the ontology system's health status indicators are summed to obtain the basic health level. The weight of each key operational parameter can be flexibly set based on practical experience, industry standards, or expert opinions (the sum of the weights of all key operational parameters is 1).

[0030] (II) Health assessment of core components: The core components mainly involve seven core subsystems of each flywheel in the flywheel array: bearing assembly, magnetic levitation assembly, auxiliary components, motor assembly, rotor assembly, housing assembly, and converter assembly. The health status indicators of the core components can be obtained in real time through sensors.

[0031] Specifically, bearing assemblies are the "joints" of rotating machinery. Abnormal temperature (too high) may lead to lubrication failure, and abnormal vibration (too high) may indicate wear or improper installation. Temperature and vibration status can serve as early warning signals of bearing assembly failure. Therefore, the health status indicators of bearing assemblies can include key operating parameters such as the operating temperature of the bearing assembly and vibration amplitude and frequency.

[0032] Maglev components rely on a vacuum environment to maintain contactless operation. Insufficient vacuum (vacuum level inside the maglev cavity) will increase resistance, abnormal temperature may affect the stability of the maglev, and displacement (i.e., position deviation) reflects the control precision of the maglev components. Vacuum, temperature and displacement together ensure the normal operation of the maglev components. Therefore, the health status indicators of the maglev components can include key operating parameters such as the vacuum level inside the maglev cavity, the operating temperature of the maglev components and displacement.

[0033] The chiller in the auxiliary components is used for heat dissipation. Changes in the chiller's power consumption (i.e., operating power) can reflect cooling efficiency (e.g., increased power consumption may be due to increased heat dissipation demand), indirectly related to the flywheel's thermal state. The flywheel rotor relies on a vacuum environment to maintain operation; insufficient vacuum in the flywheel cavity will increase rotor operating resistance. Therefore, the health status indicators of the auxiliary components can include key operating parameters such as chiller power consumption and the vacuum level in the flywheel cavity.

[0034] The motor in the motor assembly is the power source for the flywheel. Overheating or insulation aging can significantly affect the flywheel's stability and safety. Specifically, excessively high rotor and stator temperatures can lead to winding insulation aging (causing short circuits), while excessively high magnet temperatures can cause demagnetization (reducing motor efficiency). The motor's insulation resistance is a core indicator of electrical safety, directly related to the presence of leakage risks. Therefore, the health status indicators of the motor assembly can include key operating parameters such as rotor temperature, stator temperature, magnet temperature, and motor insulation resistance.

[0035] The rotor assembly directly affects the flywheel's ability to operate in a balanced manner and is a core guarantee for safe high-speed rotation. Therefore, the health status indicators of the electronic components can include the flywheel rotor's temperature, flaw detection (presence of mechanical damage), and shaft displacement, among other things.

[0036] The housing assembly is fundamental to ensuring the long-term stable operation of the flywheel. Therefore, the health status indicators of the housing assembly can include housing temperature (outer shell temperature), housing pressure, and housing sealing performance.

[0037] The converter assembly is mainly responsible for energy conversion and scheduling. The health status indicators of the converter assembly can include key operating parameters such as the operating status of the motor converter and the operating status of the power conversion system (PCS).

[0038] Thus, for each flywheel in the flywheel array, the health status of each core component can be calculated based on its health status index, and can be denoted as follows: SOH 轴承 , SOH 磁浮 , SOH 辅助 , SOH 电机 , SOH 转子 , SOH 壳体 and SOH 变流器 The calculation process can be referenced from the calculation process of basic health, and will not be repeated here.

[0039] (III) Flywheel health assessment: First, based on the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) method, assign weights to the impact of the eight subsystems of the flywheel on the flywheel health, denoted as . K i , ∑ Ki =1, as shown in the table below:

[0040] Understandably, the weighting effect can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0041] Next, a health measurement model is constructed. Using a weighted evaluation method, the basic health score and the health score of core components are weighted and summed to obtain the health score, denoted as . SOH The formula for the health measurement model is shown below: SOH = K 1× SOH 飞轮 + K 2× SOH 轴承 + K 3× SOH 磁浮 + K 4× SOH 辅助 + K 5× SOH 电机 + K 6× SOH 转子 + K 7× SOH 壳体 + K 8× SOH 变流器 The higher the health score, the higher the overall health status of the flywheel.

[0042] Thus, a unified and standardized health measurement mechanism was achieved by constructing a health measurement model.

[0043] One approach is to introduce a dynamic update mechanism for health assessment, which involves setting a preset interval (e.g., every minute) for periodic calculation. SOH Alternatively, it can be set to immediately trigger a reassessment in the event of a sudden change in a critical state parameter (such as a sudden temperature rise or sudden vibration). SOH To update SOH This ensures that the health status can always reflect the overall health level of the flywheel in real time.

[0044] In this way, by monitoring the key operating parameters of the flywheel in multiple dimensions, a comprehensive health status index can be constructed. Furthermore, by building a health quantification model, the health status index can be quantified into the flywheel's health level, providing a reliable and more valuable basis for prioritization and decision-making in subsequent dynamic power allocation.

[0045] S30: In response to a primary frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array, obtain the required frequency regulation power of the power grid.

[0046] For step S30, after monitoring the frequency deviation of the power grid connected to the flywheel array (denoted as...) f Exceeding the set primary frequency dead zone (referred to as...) f_ deadband In the event of a frequency regulation request, the required frequency regulation power of the power grid (denoted as ) is obtained. P PF This is to clarify the charging and discharging requirements of the primary frequency modulation.

[0047] Specifically, the required frequency modulation power can be calculated using a preset power calculation formula. P PF The preset power calculation formula is as follows: P PF = K f ×(Δ f sign(Δ f )×Δ f deadband ) in, K f The frequency modulation sensitivity coefficient (unit: MW / Hz) indicates how many MW of power adjustment is required per Hz deviation, which can be determined based on the actual frequency modulation capability of the flywheel array. Δ f Indicates the frequency deviation of the power grid; Δ f deadband This indicates the dead zone of a single frequency modulation.

[0048] It should be noted that, P PF The positive and negative signs represent the direction of discharge and charge, that is... P PF A value greater than 0 indicates a primary frequency modulation discharge requirement (meaning the flywheel array needs to output power when participating in primary frequency modulation). P PFIf the value is less than 0, it indicates that there is a charging requirement for primary frequency regulation (meaning that the flywheel array needs to input power when participating in primary frequency regulation).

[0049] S40: Based on health status and required frequency regulation power, select target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.

[0050] For step S40, based on the required frequency regulation power and the health of each flywheel in the flywheel array, the target flywheel is selected from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid with an appropriate power load, thereby improving the frequency regulation accuracy and frequency regulation response speed.

[0051] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 Step S40 may include, but is not limited to, the following steps: S41: Determine the required number of flywheels to participate in primary frequency modulation based on health status and required frequency modulation power; S42: Select the target number of flywheels that meet the requirements from the flywheel array based on their health status; S43: Based on the health status and required frequency modulation power of the target flywheel, perform power allocation processing on the target flywheel to obtain the target power that the target flywheel needs to bear; S44: Controls the target flywheel to charge or discharge according to the target power to regulate the frequency of the power grid.

[0052] For step S41, based on the required frequency modulation power and the health status of each flywheel in the flywheel array, determine the required number of flywheels participating in one frequency modulation, denoted as . K .

[0053] In step S41 of some embodiments, the minimum required number of flywheels participating in a single frequency modulation can be determined based on the required frequency modulation power and the preset maximum power of the flywheel; the maximum number of flywheels that can be called up in the flywheel array can be determined based on the health status and the preset minimum redundant flywheel number; and the required number can be determined based on the minimum required number, the minimum redundant flywheel number, and the maximum flywheel number.

[0054] In step S41, the required number of flywheels participating in this frequency modulation is calculated. K The process includes calculating the minimum required number of flywheels, calculating the maximum number of flywheels that can be used in the flywheel array, and dynamically determining the required number of flywheels. K : (a) Calculate the minimum required number of flywheels: Based on the required frequency modulation power and the preset maximum power of a single flywheel in the flywheel array, and combined with the preset formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels, the minimum required number of flywheels to participate in a single frequency modulation is calculated, denoted as . K_min .

[0055] Specifically, the preset maximum power includes the maximum dischargeable power (denoted as...). P_usD ) and maximum rechargeable power (denoted as P_usC ).

[0056] The formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels includes the formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels under discharge demand and the formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels under charging demand.

[0057] The formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels under discharge requirements is as follows: K _ min = ceil ( P PF / P_usD ) The formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels under charging requirements is as follows: K_min = ceil ( P PF / P_usC ) In other words, in terms of demand frequency modulation power P PF If it is positive, the required frequency modulation power will be... P PF The preset maximum discharge power of a single flywheel in the flywheel array P_usD Substituting the formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels under the discharge requirement, the minimum required number is obtained. K_min .

[0058] In demand frequency modulation power P PF When it is negative, the required frequency modulation power will be... P PF The preset maximum discharge power of a single flywheel in the flywheel array P_usD Substituting the formula for calculating the theoretical minimum number of flywheels under the discharge requirement, the minimum required number is obtained. K_min .

[0059] (ii) Calculate the maximum number of flywheels that can be called up: Combining the health status of each flywheel in the flywheel array with the preset minimum redundant flywheel count, calculate the maximum number of flywheels that can be utilized in the flywheel array, denoted as . K_max .

[0060] Specifically, the minimum number of redundant flywheels (denoted as...) K redundancy This refers to the number of redundant flywheels (such as 1 or 2) that need to be retained to ensure the reliability of the flywheel array. Redundant flywheels can provide backup to meet the power dispatching needs when a single flywheel fails.

[0061] First, we can iterate through the flywheel array, based on the health status of each flywheel. SOH i Compared with the preset health threshold SOH threshold Count the number of available flywheels (denoted as ). K available ):

[0062] in, N This indicates the total number of flywheels in the flywheel array.

[0063] In other words, the flywheel array is traversed, and the health status of each flywheel is compared with a preset health status threshold. Flywheels in the flywheel array with a health status lower than the preset health status threshold are determined to be unusable in this frequency tuning, while flywheels in the flywheel array with a health status greater than or equal to the preset health status threshold are determined to be usable in this frequency tuning. In this way, usable flywheels are selected and the number of usable flywheels is counted.

[0064] Then, based on the number of available flywheels K available and minimum number of redundant flywheels K redundancy The maximum number of flywheels that can be called is calculated. K_max : K _ max = K available K redundancy in, K_max≤N .

[0065] exist K_max A negative value means that the number of available flywheels in the flywheel array is insufficient to meet the redundancy requirements, and the flywheels can be... K_max Set to 0 to ensure K_max Non-negative.

[0066] (iii) Dynamically determine the required number of flywheels K : K = min( max( K_min , K redundancy ), K_max ) Where, max( K_min , K redundancy () indicates selection K_min and K redundancyThe larger one is chosen to meet the theoretical minimum requirement for the number of flywheels for a single frequency modulation while satisfying redundancy requirements.

[0067] min( …, K_max This indicates that the min function is used to subtract the max( from the above). K_min , K redundancy The results of ) K_max The comparison is made to ensure that the number of flywheels selected for this frequency modulation does not exceed the maximum number of flywheels that can be called up in the flywheel array.

[0068] For example, suppose K_min =3, K redundancy =2, K_max =5, then max( K_min , K redundancy ) = max(3, 2) = 3, finally K =min(3,5)=3.

[0069] In this way, by taking into account the theoretical minimum requirement, redundancy requirements, and real-time differences in overall health levels, a reasonable and safe quantity of demand can be determined. K .

[0070] For step S42, based on the health status of each flywheel in the flywheel array, select from the flywheel array... K One target flywheel participates in this frequency modulation. The remaining flywheels in the flywheel array ( NK The flywheels will not participate in this frequency tuning and will remain in their original state.

[0071] In step S42 of some embodiments, the flywheels can be sorted in descending order according to their health status to obtain a flywheel sequence; and the target flywheels that meet the required number can be selected from the flywheel sequence in a forward-backward order.

[0072] In step S42, the flywheels can be sorted in descending order according to the health status of each flywheel in the flywheel array to generate a flywheel sequence. Then, the first flywheel in the candidate sequence is selected from the previous flywheel in a forward order. K Select one flywheel as the target flywheel, that is, choose the one with the highest health level (highest health). K A target flywheel.

[0073] For step S43, based on the frequency regulation power required by the power grid for this frequency regulation and the health status of each target flywheel, power allocation is performed on the target flywheels to obtain the target power that each target flywheel needs to bear.

[0074] In step S43 of some embodiments, the target flywheel can be initially allocated power based on its health status and required frequency modulation power, combined with its current state of charge or current rotational speed, to obtain the initial allocated power of the target flywheel; the power of the flywheels whose initial allocated power is greater than a preset limit power is redistributed, so that the preset maximum power of the flywheels is used as the target power of the flywheels; the difference in power of the flywheels is allocated to the remaining flywheels in the target flywheel to obtain the target power of the remaining flywheels, wherein the cumulative value of the target power of the flywheels and the target power of the remaining flywheels satisfies the required frequency modulation power.

[0075] In step S41, the power allocation process includes initial power allocation and power redistribution.

[0076] (a) Initial allocation: For the selected K Each target flywheel can be used to determine its health level, combined with its... Fine-grained power allocation is performed based on the current State of Charge (SOC) or current rotational speed. For example, appropriate weights are assigned to health status and current SOC, or vice versa. Then, a weighted sum of the health status and current SOC of each target flywheel, or vice versa, is performed to obtain the power-carrying capacity of each target flywheel. Finally, the initial power allocation to each target flywheel is determined according to the ratio of its power-carrying capacity to the total power-carrying capacity of all target flywheels. K Each target flywheel shares the required frequency modulation power.

[0077] (ii) Redistribution: For the portion of the target flywheel whose initial power distribution exceeds the preset chargeable / dischargeable limit power, power redistribution is performed. The preset maximum chargeable / dischargeable power of this portion of the flywheel is used as the target power of the flywheel, thereby achieving individual power protection for the target flywheel and preventing overload or damage to the target flywheel.

[0078] The preset chargeable / dischargeable power limit refers to the power value that a single flywheel can safely charge and discharge under specific operating conditions. This is a dynamic value that varies with the actual operating state of the flywheel, environmental conditions, and other factors. The preset maximum chargeable / dischargeable power refers to the maximum charge and discharge power value that can be achieved based on the material, structure, and design standards of a single flywheel. This is a fixed value.

[0079] Next, a second power compensation is performed, which means that the difference in power of a portion of the flywheels is allocated to the remaining flywheels in the target flywheel to obtain the target power of the remaining flywheels, until the cumulative value of the target power of the portion of the flywheels and the target power of the remaining flywheels fully meets the required frequency modulation power.

[0080] This can be understood as, in terms of demand for frequency modulation power P PF When the value is greater than 0, the target power belongs to the target output power, and the required frequency modulation power is... P PF When the value is less than 0, the target power is considered the target input power.

[0081] In this way, through initial allocation and redistribution, the power allocation is ensured to meet both frequency regulation requirements and the safe operation of the target flywheel.

[0082] Ultimately, control K Each target flywheel charges or discharges according to its corresponding target power, while a tracking and monitoring mechanism is activated to ensure that the deviation between the actual output power or actual input power of the target flywheel and the target power is controlled within a small range (e.g., ±1%) of the rated power.

[0083] Thus, through a hierarchical dynamic power allocation mechanism, the requirements of primary frequency regulation for response speed and accuracy are met, while also taking into account the economical operation and lifespan of the flywheel array, providing key technical support for the large-scale application of flywheel arrays in power grid ancillary services.

[0084] In some embodiments, when the power grid is not in a frequency regulation period, the standby speed of the flywheel can be optimized based on its health status; and the flywheel can be balanced based on its state of charge deviation.

[0085] During the idle period of the power grid frequency regulation, the overall energy efficiency and reliability of the flywheel array can be improved through two methods: standby speed optimization and active power balancing operation.

[0086] The triggering mechanism for these two methods can be triggered when the frequency deviation of the power grid does not exceed the frequency regulation dead zone. The triggering methods include periodic triggering and conditional triggering. Periodic triggering is triggered every preset time (such as every few seconds), and conditional triggering is triggered when the deviation between the current SOC of a flywheel and its target SOC exceeds a preset threshold.

[0087] (i) Standby speed optimization: Using a health-based differentiated standby speed control strategy, a suitable ideal standby speed (defined as the target standby speed) is matched for each flywheel in the flywheel array to ensure that each flywheel in the flywheel array operates in a better state.

[0088] To facilitate differentiation and matching, a mapping relationship between health level and standby speed can be pre-established (e.g., for every 0.1 point decrease in health level, the standby speed decreases by 10%). Higher health level results in a faster standby speed, shortening the frequency modulation response time; conversely, lower health level results in a slower standby speed, reducing unnecessary losses. Based on this mapping relationship, a target standby speed can be matched to each flywheel. For example, for a flywheel with SOH=0.8, the target standby speed is matched to 7500 rpm; for a flywheel with SOH=0.6, the target standby speed is matched to 6500 rpm, and so on. Through differentiated speed management, health level and standby speed are dynamically matched, ensuring each flywheel operates under suitable conditions. This helps flywheels with high health levels maintain rapid response capabilities while reducing mechanical losses in flywheels with low health levels, thereby improving the overall operating efficiency of the flywheel array.

[0089] (ii) Active power balancing operation: The flywheel array is balanced one by one using a rotating adjustment method, which effectively avoids the performance degradation of specific flywheels due to long-term idleness, while ensuring that all flywheels are in functional standby state.

[0090] Active power balancing follows a strategy of "rotating balancing and sequential dispatching," focusing on avoiding simultaneous charging and discharging of multiple flywheels, which could lead to excessive fluctuations in grid-connected power. It also prevents individual flywheels from having excessively small charging and discharging amplitudes under low power balancing conditions, resulting in low charging and discharging control accuracy and affecting the balancing effect. The specific strategies are as follows: (1) Ranking of state of charge deviation: Calculate the state-of-charge deviation of each flywheel in the flywheel array. SOC i = SOC i - SOC i-target ,in, SOC i Indicates the current state of charge. SOC i-target Indicates the preset target state of charge; for SOC i For a positive flywheel, according to SOC i The flywheels are sorted in descending order of their positive deviation to ensure that the flywheels with the larger positive deviations are discharged first. for SOC i A flywheel with a negative charge, according to SOC iThe flywheels are sorted in ascending order from smallest to largest to obtain an ascending list of negative deviations, ensuring that the flywheels with larger negative deviations are charged first. In | SOC i ∣< δ In this case, all flywheels remain in standby mode and do not charge or discharge. δ SOC i-target The small dead zone.

[0091] (2) One-by-one call: Each time, only the flywheel at the top of the positive deviation descending sequence list or the negative deviation ascending sequence list is selected to perform the power balancing operation, ensuring that no more than two flywheels are charged and discharged (at most one charge and one discharge), so that it can be balanced. SOC i Approaching SOC i-target This avoids grid disturbances caused by simultaneous adjustment of multiple flywheels, ensures that the balanced power of a single flywheel is within an effective range, and facilitates precise control.

[0092] (3) Power limit: The charging and discharging power of a single flywheel is set to a low value, such as 10%-50% of the rated power, in order to minimize the disturbance to the power grid and its own losses.

[0093] (4) Completion and Switching: In the flywheel SOC i near SOC i-target (Enter SOC i-target ± δ If the current power balancing operation is terminated within the specified range, or if the set maximum balancing time (e.g., 5 seconds) is reached, the current power balancing operation is terminated to prevent frequent balancing operations and excessive time. Then, the power balancing operation is switched to the next highest flywheel in the positive deviation descending sequence or negative deviation ascending sequence.

[0094] In this way, during the frequency regulation idle period of the power grid, on the one hand, personalized standby parameters are matched to each flywheel in the flywheel array according to its health status, which can improve the energy efficiency and fast response capability of the flywheel array; on the other hand, through active power balancing, the energy loss caused by long-term operation of each flywheel is corrected. SOC This deviation can prevent individual flywheels from experiencing lifespan degradation due to deep charging and discharging, thus improving the overall lifespan and reliability of the flywheel array. This allows for maintenance and pre-regulation of the flywheel array during the grid's frequency regulation idle periods.

[0095] As can be seen, the above solution realizes a closed-loop process of "health management - dynamic scheduling - standby optimization - preventive operation and maintenance", which enables the flywheel array to have the technical advantages of high efficiency, long life and high reliability in primary frequency regulation applications, and provides a better energy storage technology option for power grid frequency regulation services.

[0096] In summary, the flywheel array calling method provided in this embodiment of the invention can bring the following beneficial effects: On the one hand, it avoids energy loss and improves frequency regulation response speed and accuracy: Addressing the energy waste caused by the synchronous participation of all flywheels in frequency regulation in related technologies, this invention employs a dynamic intelligent dispatch mechanism to achieve precise matching between the required frequency regulation power and the required number and power load of flywheels. In low-power frequency regulation scenarios, only 1-2 flywheel units need to be activated to meet the grid frequency regulation requirements. This not only avoids energy loss caused by the synchronous operation of the entire flywheel array but also meets the requirements for response speed and accuracy in a single frequency regulation.

[0097] On the other hand, it reduces maintenance costs: Compared to related technologies that generally ignore flywheel performance differences, leading to frequent start-stop cycles of poorly performing flywheels and accelerated aging, this invention innovatively introduces a health-driven scheduling strategy. By quantitatively evaluating the health status parameters of each flywheel in real time, the health status of each flywheel is obtained, thus prioritizing the scheduling of flywheels with higher health status to participate in frequency modulation, reducing the number of start-stop cycles of low-health flywheels. This strategy extends the expected lifespan of low-health flywheels, significantly reducing flywheel array maintenance costs and replacement frequency.

[0098] On the other hand, it improves the stability of frequency modulation response: In the non-frequency modulation range, the embodiment of the present invention adopts differentiated standby speed design and active power balancing, which realizes maintenance and pre-regulation of the flywheel array, which is conducive to improving the frequency modulation response speed and stability.

[0099] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0100] In one embodiment, a call system for a flywheel array is provided. See also... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a flywheel array calling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the flywheel array's calling system mainly includes a flywheel health assessment layer, a dynamic power allocation layer, a power active balancing layer, and a flywheel control layer. The flywheel health assessment layer is used to monitor key operating parameters of the flywheel in multiple dimensions to build comprehensive health status indicators and construct a standardized health measurement model to quantify the health status indicators into flywheel health, providing a priority ranking basis for power allocation.

[0101] The dynamic power allocation layer is used to execute the core calling logic. Based on the health of the flywheel, it adaptively calls an appropriate number of target flywheels to participate in the frequency modulation response and achieves optimized resource allocation through dynamic power allocation. The active power balancing layer is used to adaptively adjust personalized standby parameters based on the flywheel's health during non-frequency tuning ranges, and eliminates the power consumption caused by long-term flywheel operation through a timed charging and discharging strategy. SOC This reduces deviations and prevents individual flywheels from experiencing lifespan degradation due to deep charging and discharging, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency and reliability of the flywheel array.

[0102] The flywheel control layer is used to perform power output or input.

[0103] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of calling the flywheel array described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the aforementioned flywheel array calling method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a flywheel array calling device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, the flywheel array calling device 100 includes: Parameter acquisition module 110 is used to acquire the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health assessment module 120 is used to assess the health of the flywheel based on the health status parameters to obtain the health status of the flywheel. The power acquisition module 130 is used to acquire the required frequency regulation power of the power grid in response to a primary frequency regulation request of the power grid connected to the flywheel array; The flywheel screening module 140 is used to screen target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power.

[0106] In some embodiments, the flywheel screening module 140 is specifically used for: The required number of flywheels to participate in the first frequency modulation is determined based on the health status and the required frequency modulation power. Based on the health status, select the target number of flywheels from the flywheel array that meet the required quantity; Based on the health status of the target flywheel and the required frequency modulation power, power allocation processing is performed on the target flywheel to obtain the target power that the target flywheel needs to bear; The target flywheel is controlled to charge or discharge according to the target power to adjust the frequency of the power grid.

[0107] In some embodiments, the flywheel screening module 140 is further configured to: Based on the required frequency modulation power and the preset maximum power of the flywheel, determine the minimum required number of flywheels to participate in the first frequency modulation. Based on the health status and the preset minimum number of redundant flywheels, determine the maximum number of flywheels that can be called in the flywheel array; The required quantity is determined based on the minimum required quantity, the minimum redundant flywheel quantity, and the maximum flywheel quantity.

[0108] In some embodiments, the flywheel screening module 140 is further configured to: The flywheels are sorted in descending order according to their health status to obtain a flywheel sequence. The target flywheels that meet the required number are selected from the flywheel sequence in a forward-to-back order.

[0109] In some embodiments, the flywheel screening module 140 is further configured to: Based on the health status of the target flywheel and the required frequency modulation power, combined with the current state of charge or current speed of the target flywheel, the initial power allocation of the target flywheel is performed to obtain the initial allocated power of the target flywheel. Power redistribution is performed on the portion of the target flywheel whose initial power allocation is greater than the preset limit power, so that the preset maximum power of the portion of the flywheel is used as the target power of the portion of the flywheel; The differential power of the partial flywheels is allocated to the remaining flywheels in the target flywheel to obtain the target power of the remaining flywheels, wherein the cumulative value of the target power of the partial flywheels and the target power of the remaining flywheels satisfies the required frequency modulation power.

[0110] In some embodiments, the health status parameters include health status indicators of the ontology system and health status indicators of core components. The health assessment module 120 is specifically used for: Based on the health status indicators of the main body system, the basic health of the flywheel is calculated to obtain the basic health of the flywheel. Based on the health status indicators of the core components, the health of the core components is calculated and processed to obtain the health status of the core components. The health score is obtained by performing a weighted summation calculation on the base health score and the health score of the core component.

[0111] In some embodiments, the flywheel array calling device further includes a standby optimization module, which is used for: When the power grid is in a non-frequency regulation period, the standby speed of the flywheel is optimized based on the health status. The flywheel is charged and balanced according to the state of charge deviation.

[0112] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the flywheel array calling device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the aforementioned flywheel array calling method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0114] like Figure 6 As shown, the computer device 200 includes a processor 201 and a memory 202, which are connected via a bus 203, such as an I2C (Inter-integrated Circuit) bus. Specifically, the processor 101 provides computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the entire computer device. The processor 101 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0115] Specifically, the memory 102 can be a Flash chip, a read-only memory (ROM) disk, an optical disk, a USB flash drive, or a portable hard drive, etc.

[0116] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the computer devices on which the embodiments of the present invention are applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0117] The processor 101 is used to run a computer program stored in the memory 102, and when executing the computer program, implements any of the flywheel array calling methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0118] In one embodiment, the processor 101 performs the following steps when executing a computer program: Obtain the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health status of the flywheel is evaluated based on the health status parameters to obtain the health status of the flywheel. In response to a frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array, the required frequency regulation power of the power grid is obtained; Based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power, target flywheels are selected from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.

[0119] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps: Obtain the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health status of the flywheel is evaluated based on the health status parameters to obtain the health status of the flywheel. In response to a frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array, the required frequency regulation power of the power grid is obtained; Based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power, target flywheels are selected from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.

[0120] It should be noted that the functions or steps that can be implemented by the computer-readable storage medium or computer device described above can be referred to the relevant descriptions on the computer device side in the foregoing method embodiments. To avoid repetition, they will not be described one by one here.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided by this invention can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0123] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of invoking a flywheel array, the method comprising: include: Obtain the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health status of the flywheel is evaluated based on the health status parameters to obtain the health status of the flywheel. In response to a frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array, the required frequency regulation power of the power grid is obtained; Based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power, target flywheels are selected from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid.

2. The flywheel array invocation method of claim 1, wherein, The step of selecting target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power includes: The required number of flywheels to participate in the first frequency modulation is determined based on the health status and the required frequency modulation power. Based on the health status, select the target number of flywheels from the flywheel array that meet the required quantity; Based on the health status of the target flywheel and the required frequency modulation power, power allocation processing is performed on the target flywheel to obtain the target power that the target flywheel needs to bear; The target flywheel is controlled to charge or discharge according to the target power to adjust the frequency of the power grid.

3. The flywheel array invocation method of claim 2, wherein, The step of determining the required number of flywheels to participate in the first frequency modulation based on the health status and the required frequency modulation power includes: Based on the required frequency modulation power and the preset maximum power of the flywheel, determine the minimum required number of flywheels to participate in the first frequency modulation. Based on the health status and the preset minimum number of redundant flywheels, determine the maximum number of flywheels that can be called in the flywheel array; The required quantity is determined based on the minimum required quantity, the minimum redundant flywheel quantity, and the maximum flywheel quantity.

4. The flywheel array invocation method of claim 2, wherein, The step of selecting the target flywheels from the flywheel array based on the health status to meet the required number includes: The flywheels are sorted in descending order according to their health status to obtain a flywheel sequence. The target flywheels that meet the required number are selected from the flywheel sequence in a forward-to-back order.

5. The method for invoking the flywheel array as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of performing power allocation processing on the target flywheel based on the health status of the target flywheel and the required frequency modulation power to obtain the target power that the target flywheel needs to bear includes: Based on the health status of the target flywheel and the required frequency modulation power, combined with the current state of charge or current speed of the target flywheel, the initial power allocation of the target flywheel is performed to obtain the initial allocated power of the target flywheel. Power redistribution is performed on the portion of the target flywheel whose initial power allocation is greater than the preset limit power, so that the preset maximum power of the portion of the flywheel is used as the target power of the portion of the flywheel; The differential power of the partial flywheels is allocated to the remaining flywheels in the target flywheel to obtain the target power of the remaining flywheels, wherein the cumulative value of the target power of the partial flywheels and the target power of the remaining flywheels satisfies the required frequency modulation power.

6. The method for invoking the flywheel array as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The health status parameters include health status indicators of the main system and health status indicators of core components. The process of evaluating the health of the flywheel based on these health status parameters to obtain the flywheel's health status includes: Based on the health status indicators of the main body system, the basic health of the flywheel is calculated to obtain the basic health of the flywheel. Based on the health status indicators of the core components, the health of the core components is calculated and processed to obtain the health status of the core components. The health score is obtained by performing a weighted summation calculation on the base health score and the health score of the core component.

7. The method for invoking the flywheel array as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the power grid is in a non-frequency regulation period, the standby speed of the flywheel is optimized based on the health status. The flywheel is charged and balanced according to the state of charge deviation.

8. A device for calling a flywheel array, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the health status parameters of the flywheels in the flywheel array; The health assessment module is used to assess the health of the flywheel based on the health status parameters, and obtain the health status of the flywheel. The power acquisition module is used to acquire the required frequency regulation power of the power grid in response to a primary frequency regulation request from the power grid connected to the flywheel array; The flywheel screening module is used to select target flywheels from the flywheel array to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid based on the health status and the required frequency regulation power.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for invoking the flywheel array as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the invocation method for the flywheel array as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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