A photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of data transmission technology and discloses a low-power wireless transmission detection system and method for photovoltaic current. The system includes a threshold trigger module, a power supply control module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data encapsulation module, a radio frequency modulation module, a protocol parsing module, and a time-series verification module. The system performs threshold comparison on the analog current signal to obtain a wake-up trigger pulse; controls the on / off state of the power supply switching switch to obtain an activation status indicator; performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal to obtain a digital current value; verifies the validity of the digital current value to obtain a valid data frame to be transmitted; performs spread spectrum modulation on the valid data frame to obtain an air radio frequency packet; performs protocol parsing on the air radio frequency packet and writes the data payload to a local storage medium to obtain a basic current record; and performs time-series verification on the digital current value to obtain a complete current monitoring log. This invention can improve the efficiency of low-power wireless transmission detection of photovoltaic current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data transmission technology, and in particular to a low-power wireless transmission detection system and method for photovoltaic current. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies for wireless transmission detection of photovoltaic current, the current detection of the photovoltaic string under test is always kept in a continuous power supply mode without a targeted wake-up trigger mechanism. This causes the detection system to maintain full load operation even when the current of the photovoltaic string is stable and without abnormalities, resulting in a large consumption of power resources. At the same time, continuous signal processing and transmission operations also increase the wear and tear on hardware equipment and reduce the overall lifespan of the detection system.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic current detection technologies lack a robust verification and completion mechanism in the data processing and transmission stages. They only perform basic processing on the conversion and encapsulation of current signals without rigorously verifying the validity of the data. Furthermore, the timing processing after data transmission does not consider the possibility of missing samples, resulting in data distortion and timing disorder in the final current records. Consequently, they cannot provide accurate and complete current data support for the analysis of the operating status of photovoltaic strings, and the overall reliability and completeness of the detection data are insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a low-power wireless transmission detection system and method for photovoltaic current to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a low-power wireless transmission detection system for photovoltaic current, characterized in that the system includes a threshold triggering module, a power supply control module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data encapsulation module, a radio frequency modulation module, a protocol parsing module, and a timing verification module, wherein: The threshold trigger module is used to compare the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test with a threshold. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, a wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is obtained. The power supply control module is used to control the power supply switching of the photovoltaic string under test based on the wake-up trigger pulse, and obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test. The analog-to-digital conversion module is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal based on the activation status flag, so as to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test; The data encapsulation module is used to verify the validity of the digital current value and associate the verified valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test. The radio frequency modulation module is used to spread spectrum modulate the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test; The protocol parsing module is used to parse the over-the-air radio frequency packets and write the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test. The timing verification module is used to perform time-series verification on the digital current values ​​in the basic current record based on the first timestamp in the basic current record, so as to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, when the threshold trigger module performs a threshold comparison on the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test, and obtains a wake-up trigger pulse for the photovoltaic string under test when the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test is sampled and held to obtain the sampled voltage value of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the reference voltage of the photovoltaic string under test, the amplitude of the sampled voltage value is compared. When the sampled voltage value reaches the reference voltage, a level flip signal is generated to obtain the trigger comparison result of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the trigger comparison results, pulse shaping is performed on the trigger comparison results to obtain the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, when the power supply control module executes on / off control of the power supply switching switch of the photovoltaic string under test based on a wake-up trigger pulse to obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Edge detection is performed on the wake-up trigger pulse to obtain the interrupt response flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the interrupt response flag, the low-power microcontroller block in the photovoltaic string under test is read to obtain the channel selection control word of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the channel selection control word, the enable pin of the low-power microcontroller block is level-driven to obtain the power supply switching completion flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the power supply switching completion flag, the flag bit is written into the status register of the low-power microcontroller block to obtain the activation status identifier of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, when the analog-to-digital conversion module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal based on the activation state flag to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the activation status identifier, the analog-to-digital conversion control register of the low-power microcontroller block of the photovoltaic string under test is written to obtain the analog-to-digital conversion start command of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the analog-to-digital conversion start command, a sample-and-hold operation is performed on the analog current signal to obtain the sample-and-hold voltage of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sample-and-hold voltage, the successive approximation register array is compared bit by bit to obtain the digital code of the photovoltaic string under test. The digital code is latched to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, when the data encapsulation module performs validity verification on the digital current value and associates the verified valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain a valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the digital current value, the data buffer of the low-power microcontroller block of the photovoltaic string under test is read to obtain the current value sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The current value sequence is sorted by sliding window, the maximum and minimum values ​​in the current value sequence are extracted, and the maximum and minimum values ​​are written into temporary registers respectively to obtain the sequence extreme value pairs of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sequence extremum pairs, the amplitude range of the digital current values ​​in the current value sequence is compared to obtain the candidate current values ​​of the photovoltaic string to be tested; The candidate current values ​​are filtered by mean to obtain the effective digital current values ​​of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the effective digital current value, address pointers are allocated to the data frame buffer of the low-power microcontroller block to obtain the load segment of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the timestamp of the low-power microcontroller block, the tail of the load segment is extended and written to obtain the complete load of the photovoltaic string under test. A frame header is added to the beginning of the complete payload, and the start and end addresses of the data frame buffer are written into the transmit descriptor to obtain the valid data frame to be transmitted for the photovoltaic string under test.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, when the radio frequency modulation module performs spread spectrum modulation on the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Perform a bitwise XOR operation on the valid data frames to be sent to obtain the scrambled data stream of the photovoltaic string under test; The scrambled data stream is spread sequentially to obtain the baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on a preset modulation mapping table, constellation points are mapped onto the baseband chip stream to obtain the baseband modulation symbol sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The baseband modulation symbol sequence is digitally up-converted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, when the protocol parsing module performs protocol parsing on the air radio frequency packets and writes the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the baseline current record of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test is despread and accumulated to obtain the baseband data frame of the photovoltaic string under test; Physical layer frame parsing is performed on the baseband data frame to obtain the effective payload data of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the preset load structure, the effective load data is divided into field boundaries to obtain the first timestamp of the photovoltaic string under test; The digital current value is associated with and spliced ​​with the first timestamp to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, when the timing verification module performs time-series verification on the digital current values ​​in the basic current record based on the first timestamp in the basic current record to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The basic current recording timing is stored into the ring buffer of the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the original recording stream of the photovoltaic string under test; The basic current records in the original record stream are timestamped and bubbled to obtain an ordered record sequence of the photovoltaic string under test; By performing a continuous audit on the ordered record sequence, the missing location identifiers of the photovoltaic string to be tested can be obtained; Based on the missing location identifier, two adjacent basic current records before and after the missing point are extracted from the ordered record sequence, and then accumulated, right-shifted, and averaged to obtain the digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the first timestamp and digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test, the ordered recording sequence is interpolated and stored to obtain the complete recording sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The complete record sequence is archived to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, when the timing verification module performs a continuity check on the ordered record sequence to obtain the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the ordered record sequence, the time interval of the first timestamp is parsed to obtain the actual sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test. The deviation between the actual sampling interval and the standard sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test is judged to obtain the sampling missing discrimination flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sampling missing discrimination flag, the missing gap index is marked on the ordered record sequence to obtain the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string to be tested.

[0014] To address the above problems, the present invention also provides a method for detecting low-power wireless transmission of photovoltaic current, the method comprising: S1. Perform threshold comparison on the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is obtained. S2. Based on the wake-up trigger pulse, control the power supply switching of the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test. S3. Based on the activation status flag, perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test; S4. Verify the validity of the digital current value, and associate and encapsulate the valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test. S5. Spread spectrum modulation is performed on the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test; S6. Perform protocol parsing on the air radio frequency packet and write the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test. S7. Based on the first timestamp in the basic current record, perform time series verification on the digital current value in the basic current record to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves on-demand wake-up and power supply switching for photovoltaic current detection by setting a linkage mechanism between threshold triggering and power supply control. The entire system detection process is initiated only when the analog current signal reaches the wake-up threshold, significantly reducing power consumption during detection and minimizing unnecessary continuous operation losses of hardware equipment, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency and lifespan of the detection system. Each stage of the detection process incorporates refined signal and data processing procedures, from sampling and comparing analog current signals to verifying the validity of digital current values, ensuring the accuracy and validity of the detection data through layer-by-layer control of data generation quality.

[0016] 2. This invention establishes a comprehensive processing and verification system in the data transmission and subsequent processing stages. By using spread spectrum modulation, it enhances the anti-interference capability of data during wireless transmission, ensuring stable transmission of radio frequency packets over the air. Simultaneously, relying on time series verification, it completes the time-series rearrangement, missing data completion, and log archiving of data, achieving full-process integrity assurance of detection data from acquisition to storage. The resulting complete current monitoring log can provide continuous, accurate, and comprehensive data support for the analysis of photovoltaic string operation status, significantly improving the overall data quality and reference value of photovoltaic current wireless transmission detection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A system architecture diagram of a low-power wireless transmission detection system for photovoltaic current is provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a low-power wireless transmission detection method for photovoltaic current provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments belong to some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “said” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0021] Depending on the context, the word "if" or "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0022] Furthermore, the timing of the steps in the following method embodiments is merely an example and not a strict limitation.

[0023] In practice, the server-side equipment deployed in a photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system may consist of one or more devices. This photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system can be implemented as a service instance, a virtual machine, or hardware devices. For example, it can be implemented as a service instance deployed on one or more devices in a cloud node. Simply put, it can be understood as software deployed on a cloud node, providing a photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system to various user terminals. Alternatively, it can be implemented as a virtual machine deployed on one or more devices in a cloud node, with application software installed to manage each user terminal. Or, it can also be implemented as a server composed of numerous identical or different types of hardware devices, with one or more hardware devices configured to provide a photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system to each user terminal.

[0024] In terms of implementation, the photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system and the user terminal are mutually compatible. That is, if the photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system is implemented as an application installed on a cloud service platform, the user terminal acts as a client that establishes a communication connection with the application; or if the photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system is implemented as a website, the user terminal acts as a webpage; or if the photovoltaic low-power wireless transmission detection system is implemented as a cloud service platform, the user terminal acts as a mini-program in an instant messaging application.

[0025] like Figure 1 The figure shown is a system architecture diagram of a low-power wireless transmission detection system for photovoltaic current provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system 100 described in this invention can be installed on a cloud server. In terms of implementation, it can function as one or more service devices, or as an application installed on the cloud (e.g., a mobile service operator's server, server cluster, etc.), or it can be developed into a website. Depending on the functions implemented, the photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system 100 may include a threshold triggering module 101, a power supply control module 102, an analog-to-digital conversion module 103, a data encapsulation module 104, a radio frequency modulation module 105, a protocol parsing module 106, and a timing verification module 107. The module described in this invention can also be called a unit, referring to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and perform a fixed function, stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, in a photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system, each of the above-mentioned modules can be implemented independently and can call other modules. Here, "calling" can be understood as one module connecting to multiple modules of another type and providing corresponding services to those connected modules. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system provided by this embodiment of the invention allows for adjustment of the applicable scope of the system architecture without modifying the program code, through adding modules and directly calling them, achieving cluster-based horizontal expansion to quickly and flexibly expand the photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system. In practical applications, the above modules can be set in the same device or different devices, or they can be set in a virtual device, such as a service instance in a cloud server.

[0028] The following describes, with reference to specific embodiments, each component and its specific workflow of a low-power wireless transmission detection system for photovoltaic current: The threshold trigger module 101 is used to compare the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test with a threshold. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, a wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is obtained. In this embodiment of the invention, when the threshold triggering module performs a threshold comparison on the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test, and obtains a wake-up trigger pulse for the photovoltaic string under test when the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test is sampled and held to obtain the sampled voltage value of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the reference voltage of the photovoltaic string under test, the amplitude of the sampled voltage value is compared. When the sampled voltage value reaches the reference voltage, a level flip signal is generated to obtain the trigger comparison result of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the trigger comparison results, pulse shaping is performed on the trigger comparison results to obtain the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0029] The analog current signal of the photovoltaic string is connected to a dedicated sample-and-hold circuit. The circuit continuously acquires and stably latches the voltage of the real-time input analog current signal through the energy storage characteristics of the capacitor inside the circuit. The latched stable voltage value is used as the sampling voltage value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0030] The reference voltage of the photovoltaic string under test is connected to the reference input terminal of the amplitude comparison circuit, and the sampled voltage value of the photovoltaic string under test is connected to the signal input terminal of the amplitude comparison circuit. The two voltage values ​​are compared in real time inside the circuit. When the potential value of the sampled voltage value is equal to the potential value of the reference voltage, the output terminal of the amplitude comparison circuit completes the high-low level transition to generate a level flip signal. This level flip signal is used as the trigger comparison result of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0031] The trigger comparison result of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the pulse shaping circuit. The Schmitt trigger inside the circuit sharpens the edge of the level signal of the trigger comparison result to eliminate noise and glitches in the signal. Then, the processed level signal is converted into a rectangular pulse signal with a fixed pulse width by a monostable trigger. This rectangular pulse signal is used as the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0032] The beneficial effects are as follows: by performing sample-and-hold processing on the analog current signal, the voltage signal corresponding to the current of the photovoltaic string under test can be stably captured, avoiding the acquisition deviation caused by signal fluctuations. Then, based on the reference voltage, accurate amplitude comparison is completed. A level flip signal is generated only when the sampled voltage value reaches the reference voltage, realizing accurate threshold discrimination of the photovoltaic string current signal. Subsequently, pulse shaping is performed on the trigger comparison result to eliminate noise and glitches in the signal, generating regular wake-up trigger pulses, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the output signal of the threshold trigger module, and providing a reliable trigger signal basis for the on / off control of the subsequent power supply control module. At the same time, this series of operations only processes the current signal that has reached the wake-up threshold, which meets the requirements of low power consumption design, effectively reduces meaningless signal processing loss, and improves the overall signal processing accuracy and energy consumption utilization rationality of the photovoltaic current detection system.

[0033] The power supply control module 102 is used to control the power supply switching of the photovoltaic string under test based on the wake-up trigger pulse, and obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test. In this embodiment of the invention, when the power supply control module executes on / off control of the power supply switching switch of the photovoltaic string under test based on a wake-up trigger pulse to obtain the activation status identifier of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Edge detection is performed on the wake-up trigger pulse to obtain the interrupt response flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the interrupt response flag, the low-power microcontroller block in the photovoltaic string under test is read to obtain the channel selection control word of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the channel selection control word, the enable pin of the low-power microcontroller block is level-driven to obtain the power supply switching completion flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the power supply switching completion flag, the flag bit is written into the status register of the low-power microcontroller block to obtain the activation status identifier of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0034] The wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is connected to the edge detection circuit. This circuit captures the high and low level transitions of the voltage signal of the wake-up trigger pulse. When the rising edge transition of the pulse signal is detected and the level value after the transition reaches the preset high level threshold of 3.3V, the edge detection is completed and a high-level digital identifier signal is generated. This digital identifier signal is used as the interrupt response flag of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0035] The interrupt response flag of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the instruction read port of the low-power microcontroller block. After receiving the high-level flag signal, the low-power microcontroller block retrieves the pre-stored power supply channel control instruction from its internal program storage area, performs binary encoding conversion on the instruction to form a fixed-width control code information, and uses the control code information as the channel selection control word of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0036] The channel selection control word of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the pin driving unit of the low-power microcontroller block. The pin driving unit outputs a directional level to the power enable pin of the low-power microcontroller block according to the encoding information of the control word. When the pin level is driven to the preset working level threshold of 3.3V and the level is maintained stably for 50ms, a confirmation signal for level driving completion is generated. This confirmation signal is used as the power supply switching completion mark of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0037] The power supply switching completion flag of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the status register write port of the low-power microcontroller block. After receiving the confirmation signal, the status register writes the number "1" to its preset activation status flag bit. The write status of this number bit is maintained until the power-off command is received. The status register flag after the completion of writing the number "1" is used as the activation status flag of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0038] The beneficial effects are as follows: by performing edge detection on the wake-up trigger pulse, the effective transition node of the pulse signal can be accurately captured. The generated interrupt response flag can serve as a precise trigger signal for the low-power microcontroller block, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of subsequent instruction reading operations. Instruction reading based on this flag can directly retrieve pre-stored power supply control-related instructions. The formed channel selection control word can provide a clear operational basis for power supply switching. The level drive of the enable pin based on this control word can realize the directional and stable on / off control of the power supply switching switch. The generated power supply switching completion flag can accurately determine the completion status of the power supply switching operation. The flag bit writing based on this flag in the status register can form a fixed and identifiable activation status identifier, providing a reliable status basis for the subsequent start-up of the analog-to-digital conversion module. The entire process forms a standardized and precise power supply control link, ensuring the orderly execution of the power supply switching operation and the accurate generation of status identifiers. At the same time, relying on the low-power microcontroller block to complete the entire process operation meets the low-power design requirements, effectively controls energy loss during power supply switching, and improves the overall reliability and energy consumption rationality of the power supply control link of the photovoltaic current detection system.

[0039] The analog-to-digital conversion module 103 is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal based on the activation status flag to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test. In this embodiment of the invention, when the analog-to-digital conversion module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal based on the activation state identifier to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the activation status identifier, the analog-to-digital conversion control register of the low-power microcontroller block of the photovoltaic string under test is written to obtain the analog-to-digital conversion start command of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the analog-to-digital conversion start command, a sample-and-hold operation is performed on the analog current signal to obtain the sample-and-hold voltage of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sample-and-hold voltage, the successive approximation register array is compared bit by bit to obtain the digital code of the photovoltaic string under test. The digital code is latched to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0040] The activation status identifier of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the register write interface of the low-power microcontroller block. After the interface recognizes the valid write instruction corresponding to the activation status identifier, it writes a fixed high-level identifier to the preset start bit of the analog-to-digital conversion control register. After the write operation is completed, the register generates an electrical signal with the characteristics of executing instructions, and uses this electrical signal as the analog-to-digital conversion start instruction of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0041] The analog-to-digital conversion start command of the photovoltaic string under test is input to the start terminal of the dedicated sample-and-hold circuit. After receiving the command, the circuit immediately performs real-time voltage acquisition of the input analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test. The acquired voltage signal is stably latched by the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitor inside the circuit, so that the latched voltage value remains fixed and without fluctuation. The stably latched voltage value is used as the sample-and-hold voltage of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0042] The sample-and-hold voltage of the photovoltaic string under test is connected to the voltage input port of the successive approximation register array. Starting from the most significant bit, the array compares the internal reference voltage with the sample-and-hold voltage sequentially. After each bit comparison is completed, a fixed digital identifier is written to the corresponding bit according to the high or low potential. After all bits are compared and the identifier is written, a continuous digital code sequence is formed. This digital code sequence is used as the digital code of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0043] The digital code of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the signal input terminal of the dedicated latching circuit. After receiving the digital code, the latching circuit triggers the internal latching mechanism to store each bit of the digital code in a fixed manner and prevent external signals from modifying it, so that the stored digital code remains stable and readable. The digital code that has been stably stored by the latching circuit is used as the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0044] The beneficial effects are as follows: By relying on the activation status identifier to complete the targeted writing operation to the analog-to-digital conversion control register, the generated analog-to-digital conversion start command can accurately trigger the subsequent analog-to-digital conversion process, realizing on-demand start of the analog-to-digital conversion stage of the detection system. This aligns with the core requirements of low-power design and avoids meaningless circuit operation losses. Based on this start command, a sample-and-hold operation is performed on the analog current signal, stably capturing the voltage signal corresponding to the photovoltaic string current, eliminating acquisition deviations caused by real-time signal fluctuations. The generated sample-and-hold voltage provides a stable and accurate voltage basis for subsequent conversions. Using the sample-and-hold voltage as a basis, bit-by-bit voltage comparison is performed on the successive approximation register array, enabling accurate conversion of analog voltage signals to digital codes. The generated digital codes can completely restore the current state information of the photovoltaic string. Latching the results of the digital codes can fix the converted digital information, preventing information distortion caused by external signal interference. The generated digital current value provides an accurate, stable, and readable digital signal basis for subsequent photovoltaic current detection data processing and transmission, improving the signal processing accuracy and operational reliability of the analog-to-digital conversion stage throughout the process, and ensuring the original accuracy of the photovoltaic current detection data.

[0045] The data encapsulation module 104 is used to verify the validity of the digital current value and associate the verified valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test. In this embodiment of the invention, when the data encapsulation module performs validity verification on the digital current value and associates and encapsulates the verified valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the digital current value, the data buffer of the low-power microcontroller block of the photovoltaic string under test is read to obtain the current value sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The current value sequence is sorted by sliding window, the maximum and minimum values ​​in the current value sequence are extracted, and the maximum and minimum values ​​are written into temporary registers respectively to obtain the sequence extreme value pairs of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sequence extremum pairs, the amplitude range of the digital current values ​​in the current value sequence is compared to obtain the candidate current values ​​of the photovoltaic string to be tested; The candidate current values ​​are filtered by mean to obtain the effective digital current values ​​of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the effective digital current value, address pointers are allocated to the data frame buffer of the low-power microcontroller block to obtain the load segment of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the timestamp of the low-power microcontroller block, the tail of the load segment is extended and written to obtain the complete load of the photovoltaic string under test. A frame header is added to the beginning of the complete payload, and the start and end addresses of the data frame buffer are written into the transmit descriptor to obtain the valid data frame to be transmitted for the photovoltaic string under test.

[0046] The digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the data buffer read port of the low-power microcontroller block. The read port retrieves the digital current values ​​collected in the same batch stored in the data buffer according to the preset continuous address read rules. These continuously retrieved digital current values ​​are arranged in the order of acquisition time to form a continuous numerical sequence, which is used as the current value sequence of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0047] The current value sequence of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the sliding window processing unit. The processing unit continuously slides a window with a fixed bit width over the current value sequence. After each slide, the current values ​​in the window are sorted in ascending order. After traversing the entire current value sequence, the minimum value at the beginning and the maximum value at the end of the sequence are extracted. The minimum value is written to the first temporary register of the low-power microcontroller block, and the maximum value is written to the second temporary register. The values ​​stored in the two registers are combined as the sequence extreme value pair of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0048] The extreme value pairs of the photovoltaic string under test are used as the amplitude judgment range. Each digital current value in the current value sequence is compared with the upper and lower limits of the amplitude judgment range one by one. All digital current values ​​within the amplitude judgment range are selected. These selected digital current values ​​are arranged in the original acquisition order, and the arranged numerical sequence is used as the candidate current value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0049] The candidate current values ​​of the photovoltaic string under test are input into the mean filtering processing unit. The processing unit accumulates and summarizes all the values ​​of the candidate current values, and then divides the summarized values ​​equally according to the preset filter window width. The fixed value obtained after division is taken as the filtering result, and the filtering result is taken as the effective digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0050] The effective digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the data frame buffer of the low-power microcontroller block. The data frame buffer allocates a continuous address space in the preset load storage area according to the byte length of the effective digital current value, and generates an address pointer pointing to the start position of the address space. The allocated address space and the effective digital current value stored therein are used as the load segment of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0051] The timestamp data matching the acquisition time of the effective digital current value is extracted from the real-time clock module of the low-power microcontroller block. This timestamp data is used as the first timestamp of the photovoltaic string under test. According to the preset load expansion rules, the first timestamp is written to the reserved address space at the end of the load segment, so that the first timestamp and the effective digital current value form a continuous whole data. This whole data is used as the complete load of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0052] According to the preset frame structure of photovoltaic current detection data transmission, a fixed frame header information containing frame type, frame length and check code is written to the reserved address before the complete load of the photovoltaic string under test. Then, a blank transmission descriptor is retrieved from the transmission descriptor register of the low power microcontroller block. The start address and end address of the storage area corresponding to the complete load in the data frame buffer are accurately written into the specified field of the transmission descriptor. The complete load after adding the frame header and the transmission descriptor with the written address information are used together as the valid data frame to be transmitted for the photovoltaic string under test.

[0053] The beneficial effects are as follows: By reading the data buffer based on digital current values ​​to form a current value sequence, centralized aggregation of data from the same batch of tests can be achieved, providing a complete data foundation for subsequent validity verification. Sliding window sorting of the current value sequence and extraction of sequence extreme value pairs can accurately define the reasonable amplitude range of the data from the same batch, establishing clear and practical judgment criteria for subsequent data screening. Comparison of amplitude ranges based on sequence extreme value pairs to screen candidate current values ​​can effectively eliminate abnormal data exceeding the reasonable range, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent data processing. Mean filtering of candidate current values ​​to obtain effective digital current values ​​can eliminate small fluctuations in the data, making the final current data more closely reflect the actual operating state of the photovoltaic string. Address pointer allocation based on the effective digital current values ​​forms the load segment. This system enables standardized storage and location of valid data, providing an orderly data carrier for subsequent encapsulation operations. Extending the timestamp to the end of the load segment forms a complete load, enabling precise correlation between current data and acquisition time, thus providing time-based traceability. Adding a frame header to the complete load and writing address information into the transmission descriptor forms a valid data frame to be transmitted, ensuring the detection data meets the frame structure requirements of wireless transmission. Simultaneously, a clearly defined data storage address guarantees accurate data retrieval and identification during transmission. The entire data encapsulation process progressively completes data verification, optimization, and standardized encapsulation, improving the validity and accuracy of photovoltaic current detection data and providing a standardized, traceable, and effective data carrier for subsequent wireless transmission, ensuring data integrity and identifiability during transmission.

[0054] The radio frequency modulation module 105 is used to spread spectrum modulate the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test; In this embodiment of the invention, when the radio frequency modulation module performs spread spectrum modulation on the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Perform a bitwise XOR operation on the valid data frames to be sent to obtain the scrambled data stream of the photovoltaic string under test; The scrambled data stream is spread sequentially to obtain the baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on a preset modulation mapping table, constellation points are mapped onto the baseband chip stream to obtain the baseband modulation symbol sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The baseband modulation symbol sequence is digitally up-converted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0055] The valid data frame to be transmitted from the photovoltaic string under test is split into a continuous binary bit stream by binary bits. The binary bit stream is then XORed bit by bit with a fixed pseudo-random binary sequence pre-stored in the radio frequency modulation module. The result of each bit operation is retained in its original order. The new binary bit stream formed after the bit-by-bit XOR operation is used as the scrambled data stream of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0056] The scrambled data stream of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the sequence spreading unit of the radio frequency modulation module. The spreading unit calls the internally stored spreading code sequence and performs bit-by-bit multiplication with the scrambled data stream. The longer symbol sequence obtained after multiplication is continuously spliced ​​to form a continuous code stream with increased chip rate. This continuous code stream is used as the baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0057] The baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the constellation point mapping unit of the radio frequency modulation module. The unit retrieves the internal preset modulation mapping table, which stores a one-to-one correspondence between fixed baseband chip combinations and constellation point coordinates. After grouping the baseband chip stream according to a fixed bit width, each group of chip combinations is matched to the corresponding constellation point coordinates in the modulation mapping table. The sequence formed by arranging all the matched constellation point coordinates in order is used as the baseband modulation symbol sequence of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0058] The baseband modulation symbol sequence of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the digital upconversion unit of the radio frequency modulation module. The unit first converts the baseband modulation symbol sequence into an analog baseband signal, and then mixes the analog baseband signal with a preset carrier signal through an internal mixing circuit. After mixing, the signal is adjusted to a preset radio frequency band for photovoltaic current detection wireless transmission. The radio frequency signal adjusted to the preset radio frequency band is used as the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0059] The beneficial effects are as follows: Performing a bitwise XOR operation on the valid data frames to be transmitted to obtain a scrambled data stream disrupts the bitstream characteristics of the original data, avoiding fixed-pattern signal interference during data transmission and improving the data's basic anti-interference capability. Sequence spreading of the scrambled data stream to obtain a baseband chip stream increases the chip rate, widens the signal transmission bandwidth, further enhances the signal's anti-fading and anti-interference performance during wireless transmission, and ensures signal transmission stability. Mapping the baseband chip stream to constellation points based on a preset modulation mapping table to obtain a baseband modulation symbol sequence enables standardized conversion from baseband chip stream to modulation symbols, allowing the data signal to adapt to subsequent frequency conversion transmission requirements and ensuring the accuracy and consistency of signal modulation. Digital up-conversion of the baseband modulation symbol sequence yields an over-the-air radio frequency packet, which converts the baseband signal into a radio frequency signal that meets the requirements for wireless transmission of photovoltaic current detection. This enables the data signal to be wirelessly transmitted in the specified radio frequency band, completing the full conversion from baseband data to wireless transmission radio frequency signal. This provides a standardized and identifiable wireless transmission signal for subsequent protocol parsing, thereby improving the signal quality and transmission stability of wireless transmission of photovoltaic current detection data throughout the entire process.

[0060] The protocol parsing module 106 is used to parse the over-the-air radio frequency packets and write the parsed data payload into the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test. In this embodiment of the invention, when the protocol parsing module performs protocol parsing on the over-the-air radio frequency packets and writes the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test is despread and accumulated to obtain the baseband data frame of the photovoltaic string under test; Physical layer frame parsing is performed on the baseband data frame to obtain the effective payload data of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the preset load structure, the effective load data is divided into field boundaries to obtain the first timestamp of the photovoltaic string under test; The digital current value is associated with and spliced ​​with the first timestamp to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0061] The baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the despreading processing unit of the protocol parsing module. The unit retrieves the spreading code sequence that is consistent with the radio frequency modulation stage from its internal storage, performs bit-by-bit multiplication of the spreading code sequence with the baseband chip stream, and completes the accumulation operation. The original data bit stream obtained after the operation is restored is segmented and integrated according to the preset frame length, and the integrated complete data frame is used as the baseband data frame of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0062] The baseband data frame of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the physical layer parsing unit of the protocol parsing module. The unit identifies and removes the frame header, frame tail and check fields of the baseband data frame according to the preset physical layer frame structure of photovoltaic current detection wireless transmission. Only the middle data segment carrying the core detection data in the frame structure is retained. The core data segment after removing redundant fields is used as the effective payload data of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0063] The effective load data of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the field segmentation unit of the protocol parsing module. The unit retrieves the internal preset load structure, which stores the fixed field length and arrangement order of the digital current value and the first timestamp. The effective load data is precisely segmented into byte boundaries according to the preset field length. The time-related data segment that matches the current data is extracted from the specified field after segmentation, and the time-related data segment is used as the first timestamp of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0064] The digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test extracted from the payload data and the first timestamp obtained from the division are input into the data splicing unit of the protocol parsing module. The unit splices the two data segments into consecutive bytes according to the preset fixed splicing format of "digital current value + first timestamp" to form a related data body containing current detection data and acquisition time. The related data body is written into the designated storage area of ​​the local storage medium matched with the protocol parsing module, and the written related data body is used as the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0065] The beneficial effects are as follows: Despreading and accumulating the baseband chip stream to obtain baseband data frames can restore the original data frames before spread spectrum in the RF modulation stage, eliminating the chip spread effect caused by spread spectrum and ensuring the original integrity of the data. Physical layer frame parsing of the baseband data frames to obtain payload data can accurately remove redundant fields in the frame structure and extract the content carrying the core photovoltaic current detection data, improving the targeting and efficiency of data processing. Based on the preset payload structure, the field boundary division of the payload data to obtain the first timestamp can achieve accurate separation and extraction of timestamp and current data, ensuring the accuracy and independence of time information. Associating and splicing the digital current value with the first timestamp to obtain the basic current record can establish a one-to-one correspondence between photovoltaic current detection data and acquisition time, giving the data time traceability attributes. At the same time, this record is written to the local storage medium to complete the reliable storage of detection data, providing complete, accurate and time-identified basic data support for subsequent timing verification, and improving the accuracy, completeness and traceability of photovoltaic current detection data parsing and storage.

[0066] The timing verification module 107 is used to perform time-series verification on the digital current values ​​in the basic current record based on the first timestamp in the basic current record, so as to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, when the timing verification module performs time-series verification on the digital current values ​​in the basic current record based on the first timestamp in the basic current record to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The basic current recording timing is stored into the ring buffer of the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the original recording stream of the photovoltaic string under test; The basic current records in the original record stream are timestamped and bubbled to obtain an ordered record sequence of the photovoltaic string under test; By performing a continuous audit on the ordered record sequence, the missing location identifiers of the photovoltaic string to be tested can be obtained; Based on the missing location identifier, two adjacent basic current records before and after the missing point are extracted from the ordered record sequence, and then accumulated, right-shifted, and averaged to obtain the digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the first timestamp and digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test, the ordered recording sequence is interpolated and stored to obtain the complete recording sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The complete record sequence is archived to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0068] When the timing verification module performs a continuity check on the ordered record sequence to obtain the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the ordered record sequence, the time interval of the first timestamp is parsed to obtain the actual sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test. The deviation between the actual sampling interval and the standard sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test is judged to obtain the sampling missing discrimination flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sampling missing discrimination flag, the missing gap index is marked on the ordered record sequence to obtain the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string to be tested.

[0069] The basic current records of the photovoltaic string under test are written sequentially into the continuous storage address of the ring buffer configured by the timing verification module according to the order of data reception. The buffer completes the continuous writing and storage of data according to the first-in-first-out storage rule. All basic current records stored in the ring buffer according to the reception timing are used as the original record stream of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0070] The original recording stream of the photovoltaic string under test is imported into the sorting processing unit of the timing verification module. The unit extracts the first timestamp from each basic current record and performs a bubble rearrangement operation on the original recording stream based on the order of the timestamps. The timestamps of two adjacent records are compared and their positions are adjusted until all basic current records are arranged in order from earliest to latest according to the first timestamp. The set of basic current records after the order adjustment is used as the ordered recording sequence of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0071] The ordered recording sequence of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the continuity audit unit of the timing verification module. The unit extracts the first timestamp of all basic current records in the ordered recording sequence and parses the time interval between adjacent timestamps. The actual time interval is compared with the preset standard sampling interval for photovoltaic current detection. Positions that exceed the standard sampling interval are indexed and marked. The indexed and marked position information is used as the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0072] The missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the recovery value calculation unit of the timing verification module. The unit accurately extracts the basic current record before and after the missing point from the ordered record sequence according to the missing position identifier, extracts the digital current value from the two records and accumulates the values, performs a right shift operation of one bit to complete the averaging process, and uses the value obtained after the accumulation, right shift and averaging process as the digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0073] The digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test is associated and integrated with the first timestamp corresponding to the missing position. The timing verification module accurately writes the integrated recovery data into the storage gap corresponding to the missing position in the ordered record sequence according to the order of the first timestamp. After completing the interpolation and supplementation of all missing positions, a complete record set is formed. The record set with completed interpolation and supplementation is used as the complete record sequence of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0074] The complete record sequence of the photovoltaic string under test is transmitted to the log archiving unit of the timing verification module. The unit performs field normalization and organization on each data in the complete record sequence according to the preset log format of photovoltaic current detection. The organized complete record sequence is written to the dedicated storage area of ​​the local designated log storage medium to complete the persistent storage and archiving of the data. The normalized log data that has been archived and stored is used as the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0075] The ordered record sequence of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the time interval parsing unit of the timing verification module. The unit extracts the first timestamp corresponding to each basic current record in the sequence, and calculates the time difference between the first timestamps of two adjacent records in the order of the records. The time difference between each set of adjacent timestamps is used as the actual sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0076] The actual sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test is input to the deviation discrimination unit along with the standard sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test pre-stored in the timing verification module. The unit compares the time length of each actual sampling interval with the time length of the standard sampling interval one by one. When the time length of the actual sampling interval is greater than the time length of the standard sampling interval, the unit generates a high-level discrimination signal and uses this high-level discrimination signal as a sampling missing discrimination flag for the photovoltaic string under test.

[0077] The sampling missing discrimination flag of the photovoltaic string under test is input into the index marking unit of the timing verification module. The unit locates the gap position between two adjacent basic current records in the ordered record sequence where the actual sampling interval exceeds the standard sampling interval according to the position information corresponding to the sampling missing discrimination flag. The gap position is uniquely indexed using hexadecimal address encoding. The index marking information with hexadecimal address encoding is used as the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0078] The beneficial effects are as follows: storing the basic current recording time sequence in a circular buffer to form the original recording stream enables orderly temporary storage and efficient retrieval of detection data, providing a complete and operable data foundation for subsequent time sequence verification. Timestamp-based bubble sorting of the original recording stream yields an ordered recording sequence, allowing the basic current records to be standardized and sorted according to acquisition time, ensuring the accuracy of the data timing. Continuous auditing of the ordered recording sequence, by analyzing time intervals, identifying deviations, and marking missing gaps, allows for the precise location of missing data acquisition points, providing a clear location basis for data completion. Based on the missing location markers, adjacent records are extracted, accumulated, right-shifted, and averaged to obtain the digital current. The current recovery value allows the supplementary data to closely match the actual current variation pattern of the photovoltaic string, ensuring the rationality of the supplementary data. By combining the first timestamp and the recovery value, the ordered record sequence is interpolated and stored to obtain a complete record sequence, which can accurately complete missing data. This allows the current detection data to form a continuous time series. The complete record sequence is archived to obtain a complete current monitoring log, which enables the standardized and persistent storage of detection data. The generated log can completely restore the time change process of the photovoltaic string current, providing continuous, accurate and complete current data support for photovoltaic string operation status analysis and fault diagnosis, and improving the temporal integrity and data reference value of photovoltaic current detection data throughout the process.

[0079] Reference Figure 2The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection method includes: S1. Perform threshold comparison on the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is obtained. S2. Based on the wake-up trigger pulse, control the power supply switching of the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test. S3. Based on the activation status flag, perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test; S4. Verify the validity of the digital current value, and associate and encapsulate the valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test. S5. Spread spectrum modulation is performed on the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test; S6. Perform protocol parsing on the air radio frequency packet and write the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test. S7. Based on the first timestamp in the basic current record, perform time series verification on the digital current value in the basic current record to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

[0080] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0081] The embodiments of this application can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence is the theory, method, technology, and application system that uses digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend, and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge, and use that knowledge to obtain optimal results.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power wireless transmission detection system for photovoltaic current, characterized in that, The system includes a threshold triggering module, a power supply control module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a data encapsulation module, a radio frequency modulation module, a protocol parsing module, and a timing verification module, wherein: The threshold trigger module is used to compare the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test with a threshold. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, a wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is obtained. The power supply control module is used to control the power supply switching of the photovoltaic string under test based on the wake-up trigger pulse, and obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test. The analog-to-digital conversion module is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal based on the activation status flag, so as to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test; The data encapsulation module is used to verify the validity of the digital current value and associate the verified valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test. The radio frequency modulation module is used to spread spectrum modulate the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test; The protocol parsing module is used to parse the over-the-air radio frequency packets and write the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test. The timing verification module is used to perform time-series verification on the digital current values ​​in the basic current record based on the first timestamp in the basic current record, so as to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

2. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold triggering module performs a threshold comparison on the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, a wake-up trigger pulse is obtained for the photovoltaic string under test. Specifically, this is used for: The analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test is sampled and held to obtain the sampled voltage value of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the reference voltage of the photovoltaic string under test, the amplitude of the sampled voltage value is compared. When the sampled voltage value reaches the reference voltage, a level flip signal is generated to obtain the trigger comparison result of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the trigger comparison results, pulse shaping is performed on the trigger comparison results to obtain the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test.

3. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the power supply control module executes the on / off control of the power supply switching switch of the photovoltaic string under test based on the wake-up trigger pulse to obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Edge detection is performed on the wake-up trigger pulse to obtain the interrupt response flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the interrupt response flag, the low-power microcontroller block in the photovoltaic string under test is read to obtain the channel selection control word of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the channel selection control word, the enable pin of the low-power microcontroller block is level-driven to obtain the power supply switching completion flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the power supply switching completion flag, the flag bit is written into the status register of the low-power microcontroller block to obtain the activation status identifier of the photovoltaic string under test.

4. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the analog-to-digital conversion module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal based on the activation status flag to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the activation status identifier, the analog-to-digital conversion control register of the low-power microcontroller block of the photovoltaic string under test is written to obtain the analog-to-digital conversion start command of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the analog-to-digital conversion start command, a sample-and-hold operation is performed on the analog current signal to obtain the sample-and-hold voltage of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sample-and-hold voltage, the successive approximation register array is compared bit by bit to obtain the digital code of the photovoltaic string under test. The digital code is latched to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test.

5. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the data encapsulation module performs validity verification on the digital current value and associates the verified valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the digital current value, the data buffer of the low-power microcontroller block of the photovoltaic string under test is read to obtain the current value sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The current value sequence is sorted by sliding window, the maximum and minimum values ​​in the current value sequence are extracted, and the maximum and minimum values ​​are written into temporary registers respectively to obtain the sequence extreme value pairs of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sequence extremum pairs, the amplitude range of the digital current values ​​in the current value sequence is compared to obtain the candidate current values ​​of the photovoltaic string to be tested; The candidate current values ​​are filtered by mean to obtain the effective digital current values ​​of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the effective digital current value, address pointers are allocated to the data frame buffer of the low-power microcontroller block to obtain the load segment of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the timestamp of the low-power microcontroller block, the tail of the load segment is extended and written to obtain the complete load of the photovoltaic string under test. A frame header is added to the beginning of the complete payload, and the start and end addresses of the data frame buffer are written into the transmit descriptor to obtain the valid data frame to be transmitted for the photovoltaic string under test.

6. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the radio frequency modulation module performs spread spectrum modulation on the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Perform a bitwise XOR operation on the valid data frames to be sent to obtain the scrambled data stream of the photovoltaic string under test; The scrambled data stream is spread sequentially to obtain the baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on a preset modulation mapping table, constellation points are mapped onto the baseband chip stream to obtain the baseband modulation symbol sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The baseband modulation symbol sequence is digitally up-converted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test.

7. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the protocol parsing module performs protocol parsing on the air radio frequency packets and writes the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The baseband chip stream of the photovoltaic string under test is despread and accumulated to obtain the baseband data frame of the photovoltaic string under test; Physical layer frame parsing is performed on the baseband data frame to obtain the effective payload data of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the preset load structure, the effective load data is divided into field boundaries to obtain the first timestamp of the photovoltaic string under test; The digital current value is associated with and spliced ​​with the first timestamp to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test.

8. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the timing verification module performs time-series verification on the digital current values ​​in the basic current record based on the first timestamp in the basic current record to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: The basic current recording timing is stored into the ring buffer of the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the original recording stream of the photovoltaic string under test; The basic current records in the original record stream are timestamped and bubbled to obtain an ordered record sequence of the photovoltaic string under test; By performing a continuous audit on the ordered record sequence, the missing location identifiers of the photovoltaic string to be tested can be obtained; Based on the missing location identifier, two adjacent basic current records before and after the missing point are extracted from the ordered record sequence, and then accumulated, right-shifted, and averaged to obtain the digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test. Based on the first timestamp and digital current recovery value of the photovoltaic string under test, the ordered recording sequence is interpolated and stored to obtain the complete recording sequence of the photovoltaic string under test. The complete record sequence is archived to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

9. The photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the timing verification module performs a continuity check on the ordered record sequence to obtain the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string under test, it is specifically used for: Based on the ordered record sequence, the time interval of the first timestamp is parsed to obtain the actual sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test. The deviation between the actual sampling interval and the standard sampling interval of the photovoltaic string under test is judged to obtain the sampling missing discrimination flag of the photovoltaic string under test; Based on the sampling missing discrimination flag, the missing gap index is marked on the ordered record sequence to obtain the missing position identifier of the photovoltaic string to be tested.

10. A method for detecting low-power wireless transmission of photovoltaic current, characterized in that, The method is used in the photovoltaic current low-power wireless transmission detection system according to claim 1, wherein: S1. Perform threshold comparison on the analog current signal of the photovoltaic string under test. When the threshold of the analog current signal exceeds the wake-up threshold of the photovoltaic string under test, the wake-up trigger pulse of the photovoltaic string under test is obtained. S2. Based on the wake-up trigger pulse, control the power supply switching of the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the activation status indicator of the photovoltaic string under test. S3. Based on the activation status flag, perform analog-to-digital conversion on the analog current signal to obtain the digital current value of the photovoltaic string under test; S4. Verify the validity of the digital current value, and associate and encapsulate the valid digital current value with the first timestamp in the photovoltaic string under test to obtain the valid data frame to be sent from the photovoltaic string under test. S5. Spread spectrum modulation is performed on the valid data frame to be transmitted to obtain the air radio frequency packet of the photovoltaic string under test; S6. Perform protocol parsing on the air radio frequency packet and write the parsed data payload to the local storage medium to obtain the basic current record of the photovoltaic string under test. S7. Based on the first timestamp in the basic current record, perform time series verification on the digital current value in the basic current record to obtain the complete current monitoring log of the photovoltaic string under test.

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