A small crop cultivation precision and precision operation system

Abstract

The application discloses a small crop cultivation precision and precision operation system, and relates to the technical field of agricultural instruments, which comprises ground rails arranged on the two sides of a field experiment field, a farm operation frame arranged between the two ground rails, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to one side of the lower end of the farm operation frame, first track wheels fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft, second track wheels rotatably connected to the lower end of the other side of the farm operation frame, a power piece arranged on one side of the upper end surface of the farm operation frame, a main shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power piece, and a transmission assembly arranged between the main shaft and the rotating shaft for transmission. The ploughing assembly, the land preparation assembly, the fertilization assembly, the hole digging assembly, the ditching assembly and the transplanting assembly are selectively installed on the farm operation frame, so that the small-area field operation can be quickly switched according to needs, and one machine is used for multiple purposes and standardized operation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Field cultivation trials are an indispensable tool in crop cultivation technology research and promotion. These trials, conducted in small plots, demand extremely high precision in indicators such as tillage depth, soil fragmentation, levelness, and transplanting spacing. Meanwhile, in the widely distributed family vegetable gardens, farms, agritourism, and small-scale organic vegetable growing areas across my country, vegetable cultivation relies primarily on manual labor. These areas are small and scattered, with highly repetitive operations, and similarly strive for precise and meticulous land preparation, ridging, and transplanting to obtain green and healthy vegetables while enhancing their ornamental value and the growing experience. The success of these small-scale plots highly depends on the standardization and precision of the operations.

[0003] However, currently, whether in field experimental plots or the aforementioned self-managed vegetable gardens, manual labor still predominantly relies on simple hand tools, making it difficult to guarantee precision and refinement. During tilling and land preparation, problems such as uneven ridge height, insufficient soil breaking up, and a mixture of large and small clods frequently occur, leading to uneven soil density, moisture and air conditions, and fertilizer supply among different plants. Differences in soil clods further exacerbate seedling growth during transplanting. Simultaneously, the consistency and accuracy of manually controlling row and plant spacing are poor, making it difficult to achieve standardized planting density. These shortcomings seriously interfere with the reliability of field trial results, reduce the uniformity of vegetable growth, yield, and quality, and the high labor intensity and low standardization of the work fail to meet the practical needs of high-precision experiments and refined vegetable garden management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation includes ground rails on both sides of a field experimental field, an agricultural operation frame between the two ground rails, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to one side of the lower end of the agricultural operation frame, first track wheels fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shaft, second track wheels rotatably connected to the lower end of the other side of the agricultural operation frame, a power component provided on one side of the upper surface of the agricultural operation frame, a main shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power component, and a transmission component for transmission between the main shaft and the rotating shaft; A first rotary transmission box is fixedly connected to the other side of the upper end face of the agricultural operation frame. A manual clutch is installed between the main shaft and the first rotary transmission box. The output shaft of the first rotary transmission box is provided with a spline sleeve shaft. The spline sleeve shaft and the output shaft of the first rotary transmission box are connected by a first universal coupling. A fixed plate is fixedly connected to the side of the upper end face of the agricultural operation frame near the second track wheel. Slide rails are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed plate. A lifting slide plate is slidably connected between the slide rails. A lifting assembly for lifting the lifting slide plate is provided on the fixed plate. Both sides of the agricultural operation frame are rotatably connected to push frames, and both sides of the agricultural operation frame are provided with limit blocks for limiting the push frames. Several T-shaped slot plates are fixedly connected to the lifting slide plate. Threaded sleeves are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of the lifting slide plate. Screws are threaded into the threaded sleeves. The T-shaped slot plates are equipped with operating components for performing corresponding operations on the field experimental field. The operation components are land preparation unit, tillage unit, fertilization unit, hole-digging unit, ditching unit, or transplanting unit.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the transmission assembly includes a manual gearbox, which is fixedly connected to the agricultural operation frame near the rotating shaft. A second gear is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the manual gearbox, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the main shaft. The first gear meshes with the second gear. Pulleys are fixedly connected to both the output end of the manual gearbox and the rotating shaft, and a transmission belt is installed between the two pulleys.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lifting assembly includes a threaded rod, which is rotatably connected to the middle of the fixed plate by a bearing seat. The upper end of the fixed plate is provided with a drive motor for driving the threaded rod to rotate. A threaded seat is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the lifting slide plate near the threaded rod, and the threaded seat is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the grounding unit includes a first universal connecting plate for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate, a fence cover is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first universal connecting plate, side buckets are fixedly connected to both sides of the fence cover, a U-shaped scraper is provided between the two side buckets, and a pull rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the U-shaped scraper.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the tillage unit includes a second universal connecting plate for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate, a rotary tiller is mounted on the lower end of the second universal connecting plate, a first transmission mechanism for connecting and transmitting power to a splined sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary tiller, and the power input shaft of the rotary tiller is connected to the output shaft of the first transmission mechanism.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the cavitation unit includes a fourth universal connecting plate for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate. A drive box is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fourth universal connecting plate. Several rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the lower end of the drive box. A cavitation head is fixedly connected to the lower end of each rotating shaft. Several slots are evenly distributed around the circumference on the outer wall of the cavitation head. The slots are used to insert an expanding blade. A horizontal shaft is rotatably connected inside the drive box. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to both the rotating shaft and the horizontal shaft. The first bevel gear on the rotating shaft meshes with the first bevel gear on the horizontal shaft. A second transmission mechanism for connecting and transmitting power to a splined sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the drive box. The horizontal shaft is connected to the output shaft of the second transmission mechanism.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the trenching unit includes a third universal connecting plate for connecting with the T-shaped slot plate, and a trencher is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third universal connecting plate.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the fertilization unit includes a fifth universal connecting plate for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate, a fertilizer applicator is mounted on the fifth universal connecting plate, a third transmission mechanism for connecting and transmitting with a spline sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the fifth universal connecting plate, and the input shaft of the fertilizer applicator is connected to the output shaft of the third transmission mechanism.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the transplanting unit includes a sixth universal connecting plate for connecting with the T-shaped slot plate, the lower end of the sixth universal connecting plate is fixedly connected to a cross frame, and a plurality of transplanters are provided on the cross frame.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first universal connecting plate, the second universal connecting plate, the third universal connecting plate, the fourth universal connecting plate, the fifth universal connecting plate and the sixth universal connecting plate have the same structure. The first universal connecting plate includes a plate body, and a T-shaped plug block that matches the T-shaped slot plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plate body. Positioning holes for screws are opened on both sides of the upper end of the plate body. The first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism, and the third transmission mechanism have the same structure. The first transmission mechanism includes a second rotary transmission box. A spline shaft is provided on the input shaft of the second rotary transmission box. The spline shaft is connected to the input shaft of the second rotary transmission box by a second universal coupling. The spline shaft is slidably connected to the spline sleeve shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This application allows for the installation of one of the following components on an agricultural operation frame: tillage, land preparation, fertilization, hole-drilling, ditching, and transplanting. This enables rapid switching of functions for small-area field operations, achieving multi-functionality and standardized operation. The standardized operation of each component allows for precise control of tillage depth, soil fragmentation, and surface flatness, ensuring uniform and neat ridges. This effectively overcomes the uneven distribution of soil density, moisture, and nutrients caused by uneven terrain and mixed soil clods during manual operations, resulting in uneven plant growth. This significantly improves the accuracy of field trial data and the uniformity, quality, and ornamental value of vegetables in the garden. Simultaneously, the hole-drilling and transplanting components work together to precisely unify row and plant spacing, while the fertilization and ditching components improve fertilizer uniformity and irrigation efficiency, greatly reducing labor intensity and increasing operational efficiency. This meets the urgent needs of field trials and intensive garden management for high-precision, highly standardized operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component in this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the land preparation unit during operation in this invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram (including a partial enlarged view) of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive box in this invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the universal connecting plate in this invention.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism in this invention.

[0028] The components include: 1. Agricultural operation frame; 2. Manual gearbox; 3. First track wheel; 4. Ground rail; 5. Second track wheel; 6. First corner transmission box; 7. Push frame; 8. Power component; 9. Fixing plate; 10. First gear; 11. Second gear; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Transmission belt; 14. Pulley; 15. Main shaft; 16. Limit stop; 17. First universal coupling; 18. Splined sleeve shaft; 19. Lifting slide plate; 20. Threaded sleeve; 21. T-shaped slot plate; 22. Threaded rod; 23. Drive motor; 24. Slide rail; 25. Screw; 26. Manual clutch. 27. First universal connecting plate; 28. U-shaped scraper; 29. ​​Tie rod; 30. Fence cover; 31. Side bucket; 32. Second universal connecting plate; 33. First transmission mechanism; 34. Rotary tiller; 35. Third universal connecting plate; 36. Ditch opener; 37. Fourth universal connecting plate; 38. Second transmission mechanism; 39. Rotary shaft; 40. Hole-making head; 41. Drive box; 42. First bevel gear; 43. Second bevel gear; 44. Horizontal shaft; 45. Third transmission mechanism; 46. Fifth universal connecting plate; 47. Fertilizer applicator; 48. Sixth universal connecting plate; 49. Transplanter; 271. Plate body; 272. T-shaped connector; 273. Positioning hole; 331. Second angle transmission box; 332. Second universal coupling; 333. Splined shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0030] Please see Figures 1-4 In this embodiment of the invention, a small-scale crop cultivation precision and precision operation system includes ground rails 4 set on both sides of a field experimental field, an agricultural operation frame 1 between the two ground rails 4, a rotating shaft 12 rotatably connected to one side of the lower end of the agricultural operation frame 1, a first track wheel 3 fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shaft 12, a second track wheel 5 rotatably connected to the lower end of the other side of the agricultural operation frame 1, a power component 8 provided on one side of the upper surface of the agricultural operation frame 1, the power component 8 being an electric motor or a gasoline engine, a main shaft 15 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power component 8, and a transmission component for transmission between the main shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 12; The transmission assembly includes a manual gearbox 2, which is fixedly connected to the agricultural operation frame 1 near the rotating shaft 12. A second gear 11 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the manual gearbox 2, and a first gear 10 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 15. The first gear 10 meshes with the second gear 11. Pulleys 14 are fixedly connected to both the output end of the manual gearbox 2 and the rotating shaft 12. A transmission belt 13 is installed between the two pulleys 14. During movement, the power component 8 drives the main shaft 15 to rotate, which in turn drives the first gear 10. The first gear 10 drives the second gear 11, which in turn drives the manual gearbox 2. The manual gearbox 2 drives the transmission belt 13 and the pulleys 14 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 drives the first track wheel 3 to rotate, thus moving the agricultural operation frame 1 and its operating components along the ground track 4. The manual gearbox 2 can adjust the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 12 according to actual needs to adjust the movement speed.

[0031] A first rotary transmission box 6 is fixedly connected to the other side of the upper end face of the agricultural operation frame 1. A manual clutch 26 is installed between the main shaft 15 and the first rotary transmission box 6. The output shaft of the first rotary transmission box 6 is provided with a splined sleeve shaft 18. The splined sleeve shaft 18 and the output shaft of the first rotary transmission box 6 are connected by a first universal coupling 17. A fixing plate 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the upper end face of the agricultural operation frame 1 near the second track wheel 5. Slide rails 24 are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixing plate 9. A lifting slide plate 19 is slidably connected between the slide rails 24. The fixing plate 9 is provided with lifting mechanisms for raising and lowering the lifting slide plate 19. The lifting assembly includes a threaded rod 22, which is rotatably connected to the middle of a fixed plate 9 via a bearing seat. A drive motor 23 for driving the threaded rod 22 is provided at the upper end of the fixed plate 9. A threaded seat is fixedly connected to the middle of the lifting slide plate 19 near the threaded rod 22, and the threaded seat is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 22. When the lifting slide plate 19 is raised or lowered, the drive motor 23 drives the threaded rod 22 to rotate. The rotation of the threaded rod 22, in conjunction with the threaded seat, drives the lifting slide plate 19 to move along the slide rail 24, thereby achieving precise lifting control of the lifting slide plate 19 to meet the precise height / depth requirements of corresponding agricultural operations.

[0032] Both sides of the agricultural operation frame 1 are rotatably connected to push frames 7, and both sides of the agricultural operation frame 1 are provided with limiting blocks 16 for limiting the push frames 7; the push frames 7 can be flipped as needed to facilitate pushing or pulling the agricultural operation frame 1.

[0033] Several T-shaped slot plates 21 are fixedly connected to the lifting slide plate 19. Threaded sleeves 20 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of the lifting slide plate 19, and screws 25 are threaded into each threaded sleeve 20. The T-shaped slot plates 21 are equipped with operating components for performing corresponding operations on the experimental field. The operating components are land preparation units, which include a first universal connecting plate 27 for connecting to the T-shaped slot plates 21. A fence cover 30 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first universal connecting plate 27. Side buckets 31 are fixedly connected to both sides of the fence cover 30, and a U-shaped scraper 28 is provided between the two side buckets 31. A pull rod 29 is fixedly connected to the middle of the U-shaped scraper 28. During land preparation, the fence cover 30 covers the field. Manually pull the U-shaped scraper 28 backward to push the soil outside the fence cover 30 into the fence cover 30. The side bucket 31 is used to collect excess soil, and the pulled U-shaped scraper 28 scrapes the soil in the side bucket 31 into the fence cover 30. After leveling, the agricultural operation frame 1 moves, causing the fence cover 30 and the side bucket 31 to move synchronously, completing the leveling of the next section of the field. The lifting slide 19 can precisely adjust the height of the fence cover 30 to adapt to the height of the field.

[0034] Please see Figure 11 The first universal connecting plate 27, the second universal connecting plate 32, the third universal connecting plate 35, the fourth universal connecting plate 37, the fifth universal connecting plate 46, and the sixth universal connecting plate 48 have the same structure. The first universal connecting plate 27 includes a plate body 271. A T-shaped plug block 272 that matches the T-shaped slot plate 21 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plate body 271. Positioning holes 273 for screws 25 are opened on both sides of the upper end of the plate body 271. The T-shaped plug block 272 is used to be inserted into the T-shaped slot plate 21 to complete the installation of the plate body 271. The positioning holes 273 are used to pass screws 25 through, and then the screws 25 are screwed into the threaded sleeve 20 to limit and fix the plate body 271. Example

[0035] Please see Figure 5The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the working component is a tillage unit, which includes a second universal connecting plate 32 for connecting with the T-shaped slot plate 21. A rotary tiller 34 is installed at the lower end of the second universal connecting plate 32. One end of the rotary tiller 34 is fixedly connected to a first transmission mechanism 33 for connecting and transmitting power to the splined sleeve shaft 18. The power input shaft of the rotary tiller 34 is connected to the output shaft of the first transmission mechanism 33. During tillage, the manual clutch 26 transmits the power of the power component 8 to the first angle transmission box 6, which transmits the power to the splined sleeve shaft 18, which transmits the power to the first transmission mechanism 33, which transmits the power to the rotary tiller 34. The rotary tiller 34 operates to till the land, and the tillage depth can be precisely controlled with the lifting component. Example

[0036] Please see Figures 7-8 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the working component is a hole-drilling unit, which includes a fourth universal connecting plate 37 for connecting to the T-shaped slot plate 21. A drive box 41 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fourth universal connecting plate 37. Several rotating shafts 39 are rotatably connected to the lower end of the drive box 41, and a hole-drilling head 40 is fixedly connected to the lower end of each rotating shaft 39. A horizontal shaft 44 is rotatably connected inside the drive box 41. Bevel gears are fixedly connected to both the rotating shafts 39 and the horizontal shaft 44. A first bevel gear 42 on the rotating shaft 39 meshes with a second bevel gear 43 on the horizontal shaft 44. One end of the drive box 41 is fixedly connected to a device for connecting with… The splined sleeve shaft 18 is connected to the second transmission mechanism 38, and the horizontal shaft 44 is connected to the output shaft of the second transmission mechanism 38. During hole-drilling operations, the manual clutch 26 transmits power from the power unit 8 to the first angle transmission box 6, which in turn transmits power to the splined sleeve shaft 18. The splined sleeve shaft 18 then transmits power to the second transmission mechanism 38, which in turn transmits power to the horizontal shaft 44. The horizontal shaft 44 drives the second bevel gear 43, which in turn drives the first bevel gear 42. The first bevel gear 42 drives the rotating shaft 39 and its hole-drilling head 40 to rotate, simultaneously cooperating with the lifting assembly to achieve the hole-drilling operation. The outer wall of the hole-drilling head 40 has several slots 401 evenly distributed along its circumference. In this example, four slots 401 are arranged in a cross shape for inserting four expanding blades 402. The width of the expanding blades 402 can be set as needed, allowing for the selection of different widths of expanding blades 402 to enlarge the hole diameter according to actual planting requirements.

[0037] The horizontal axis 44 can be marked with scales, and the spacing between each second bevel gear 43 can be adjusted according to the needs of hole making, thereby correspondingly adjusting the spacing between the first bevel gear 42, the rotating shaft 39 and its hole-making head 40 to adapt to the planting row spacing requirements of different crops. Example

[0038] Please see Figure 6 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the working component is a ditching unit, which includes a third universal connecting plate 35 for connecting with the T-shaped slot plate 21. The lower end of the third universal connecting plate 35 is fixedly connected to a ditch opener 36. When performing ditching operations, the lifting component drives the third universal connecting plate 35 and the ditch opener 36 to descend to the required depth, and then the ditching operation in the field is realized by the movement of the agricultural operation frame 1. Example

[0039] Please see Figure 9 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the operating component is a fertilization unit, which includes a fifth universal connecting plate 46 for connecting with the T-shaped slot plate 21. A fertilizer applicator 47 is installed on the fifth universal connecting plate 46. A third transmission mechanism 45 for connecting and transmitting power to the splined sleeve shaft 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the fifth universal connecting plate 46. The input shaft of the fertilizer applicator 47 is connected to the output shaft of the third transmission mechanism 45. When performing fertilization, the manual clutch 26 transmits the power of the power component 8 to the first rotary transmission box 6, which transmits the power to the splined sleeve shaft 18, which transmits the power to the third transmission mechanism 45, which transmits the power to the fertilizer discharge shaft of the fertilizer applicator 47, causing the fertilizer discharge shaft to rotate. This enables the fertilizer applicator 47 to dispense fertilizer, which is then delivered into the soil through the fertilizer discharge pipe at the lower end of the fertilizer applicator 47. Example

[0040] Please see Figure 10 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the working component is a transplanting unit, which includes a sixth universal connecting plate 48 for connecting with the T-shaped slot plate 21. The lower end of the sixth universal connecting plate 48 is fixedly connected to a cross frame, and a plurality of transplanters 49 are provided on the cross frame. The transplanters 49 can facilitate the transplanting of seedlings.

[0041] Please see Figure 12The first transmission mechanism 33, the second transmission mechanism 38, and the third transmission mechanism 45 have the same structure. The first transmission mechanism 33 includes a second angle transmission box 331. A splined shaft 333 is provided on the input shaft of the second angle transmission box 331. The splined shaft 333 is connected to the input shaft of the second angle transmission box 331 by a second universal coupling 332. The splined shaft 333 is slidably connected to the splined sleeve shaft 18. During transmission, the first angle transmission box 6 transmits the power through the first universal coupling 17. The force is transmitted to the splined sleeve shaft 18, which then transmits the power to the splined shaft 333. The splined shaft 333 transmits the power to the second universal coupling 332, which finally transmits the power to the second rotary transmission box 331, thus achieving the required transmission. At the same time, the splined shaft 333 and the splined sleeve shaft 18 can slide relative to each other. In conjunction with the universal coupling, this allows for adaptation and transmission when changing different working components or when the lifting component raises or lowers the working component.

[0042] The technical solution of this invention places most agricultural operations on a horizontal track operating platform, which is the basis for achieving precise and standardized operations. This approach can also be regarded as one of the ultimate options for achieving precise and standardized operations in small-scale plot operations and organic farming operations.

[0043] Based on the above technical solutions, the length, width, height, levelness, and neatness of the plots can be precisely controlled by adding corresponding size scale markings to the track and operating mechanism.

[0044] This invention provides a power mechanism for agricultural operation frames and some agricultural operations to reduce labor intensity and improve work efficiency. However, in other suitable work scenarios, purely manual operations can also be performed using a manual power mechanism.

[0045] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one technical solution. This method of description is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation, comprising ground tracks (4) installed on both sides of a field experimental field, characterized in that; An agricultural operation frame (1) is provided between the two ground rails (4). A rotating shaft (12) is rotatably connected to one side of the lower end of the agricultural operation frame (1). A first track wheel (3) is fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shaft (12). A second track wheel (5) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the other side of the agricultural operation frame (1). A power component (8) is provided on one side of the upper surface of the agricultural operation frame (1). A main shaft (15) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power component (8). A transmission assembly for transmission is provided between the main shaft (15) and the rotating shaft (12). The agricultural operation frame (1) is fixedly connected to the other side of the upper end face of the first corner transmission box (6). A manual clutch (26) is installed between the main shaft (15) and the first corner transmission box (6). The output shaft of the first corner transmission box (6) is provided with a spline sleeve shaft (18). The spline sleeve shaft (18) and the output shaft of the first corner transmission box (6) are connected by a first universal coupling (17). A fixed plate (9) is fixedly connected to the side of the upper end face of the agricultural operation frame (1) near the second track wheel (5). Slide rails (24) are fixedly connected to both sides of the fixed plate (9). A lifting slide plate (19) is slidably connected between the slide rails (24). A lifting assembly for lifting the lifting slide plate (19) is provided on the fixed plate (9). The agricultural operation frame (1) is rotatably connected to push frames (7) on both sides, and the agricultural operation frame (1) is provided with limit blocks (16) on both sides for limiting the push frames (7). A number of T-shaped slot plates (21) are fixedly connected to the lifting slide plate (19). Threaded sleeves (20) are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end of the lifting slide plate (19). Screws (25) are threaded into the threaded sleeves (20). The T-shaped slot plates (21) are provided with working components for performing corresponding operations on the field experimental field. The operation components are land preparation unit, tillage unit, fertilization unit, hole-digging unit, ditching unit, or transplanting unit.

2. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a manual gearbox (2), which is fixedly connected to the agricultural operation frame (1) near the rotating shaft (12). A second gear (11) is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the manual gearbox (2), and a first gear (10) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (15). The first gear (10) meshes with the second gear (11). Pulleys (14) are fixedly connected to both the output end of the manual gearbox (2) and the rotating shaft (12). A transmission belt (13) is installed between the two pulleys (14).

3. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly includes a threaded rod (22), which is rotatably connected to the middle of the fixed plate (9) by a bearing seat. The upper end of the fixed plate (9) is provided with a drive motor (23) for driving the threaded rod (22) to rotate. The middle of the lifting slide plate (19) near the threaded rod (22) is fixedly connected with a threaded seat, which is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (22).

4. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground preparation unit includes a first universal connecting plate (27) for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate (21). A fence cover (30) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first universal connecting plate (27). Side buckets (31) are fixedly connected to both sides of the fence cover (30). A U-shaped scraper (28) is provided between the two side buckets (31). A pull rod (29) is fixedly connected in the middle of the U-shaped scraper (28).

5. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tillage unit includes a second universal connecting plate (32) for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate (21). A rotary tiller (34) is installed at the lower end of the second universal connecting plate (32). A first transmission mechanism (33) for connecting and transmitting power to a splined sleeve shaft (18) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotary tiller (34). The power input shaft of the rotary tiller (34) is connected to the output shaft of the first transmission mechanism (33).

6. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The acupuncture unit includes a fourth universal connecting plate (37) for connecting with a T-shaped slot plate (21). The lower end of the fourth universal connecting plate (37) is fixedly connected to a drive box (41). The lower end of the drive box (41) is rotatably connected to several rotating shafts (39). The lower end of each rotating shaft (39) is fixedly connected to an acupuncture head (40). The outer wall of the acupuncture head (40) is provided with several slots (401) evenly distributed along the circumference. The slots (401) are used to insert an expansion blade (402). The drive box (41) is rotatably connected to a horizontal shaft (44). Both the rotating shaft (39) and the horizontal shaft (44) are fixedly connected to bevel gears. The first bevel gear (42) on the rotating shaft (39) meshes with the second bevel gear (43) on the horizontal shaft (44). One end of the drive box (41) is fixedly connected to a second transmission mechanism (38) for connecting and transmitting with the spline sleeve shaft (18). The horizontal shaft (44) is connected to the output shaft of the second transmission mechanism (38).

7. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The trenching unit includes a third universal connecting plate (35) for connecting to the T-shaped slot plate (21), and a trencher (36) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the third universal connecting plate (35).

8. The precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fertilization unit includes a fifth universal connecting plate (46) for connecting to a T-shaped slot plate (21), on which a fertilizer applicator (47) is mounted. A third transmission mechanism (45) for connecting and transmitting to a spline sleeve shaft (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the fifth universal connecting plate (46). The input shaft of the fertilizer applicator (47) is connected to the output shaft of the third transmission mechanism (45).

9. A precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transplanting unit includes a sixth universal connecting plate (48) for connecting to the T-shaped slot plate (21), and a crossbar is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sixth universal connecting plate (48), on which a plurality of transplanters (49) are provided.

10. A precision and accurate operation system for small-scale crop cultivation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first universal connecting plate (27), the second universal connecting plate (32), the third universal connecting plate (35), the fourth universal connecting plate (37), the fifth universal connecting plate (46), and the sixth universal connecting plate (48) have the same structure. The first universal connecting plate (27) includes a plate body (271). A T-shaped plug block (272) that matches the T-shaped slot plate (21) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plate body (271). Positioning holes for screws (25) are provided on both sides of the upper end of the plate body (271). Hole (273); The first transmission mechanism (33), the second transmission mechanism (38) and the third transmission mechanism (45) have the same structure. The first transmission mechanism (33) includes a second rotary transmission box (331). The input shaft of the second rotary transmission box (331) is provided with a spline shaft (333). The spline shaft (333) is connected to the input shaft of the second rotary transmission box (331) by a second universal coupling (332). The spline shaft (333) is slidably connected to the spline sleeve shaft (18).

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