An automatic adjusting device suitable for corn close-planting planting mode
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEBEI AGRICULTURAL UNIV.
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-07
AI Technical Summary
[0012]本发明所述一种适用于玉米密植种植模式的自动调节装置适用于绝大部分玉米播种机，结构简单，与国外玉米播种机对比价格便宜。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and relates to an automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting. Background Technology
[0002] In recent years, a new high-density maize planting model has emerged, which is an intensive cultivation model that optimizes the field population structure by reasonably reducing the spacing between plants and rows and appropriately increasing the planting density. This model focuses on increasing yield per plant population, and is equipped with scientific water and fertilizer management, lodging and disease prevention, and mechanized management techniques. It makes full use of natural resources such as light, temperature, water, and fertilizer, and is suitable for large-scale, mechanized maize production. It is one of the core cultivation models for high and stable maize yields.
[0003] During the simultaneous application of fertilizer and seeds, due to the variety of fertilizers and their varying relative positions to the seeds during corn planting, adjustments to the fertilizer applicator are necessary. Currently, the fertilizer applicator is adjusted manually using U-bolts, a method that is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and lacks precision.
[0004] It is crucial to be able to easily and quickly adjust the row spacing before sowing. Currently, the row spacing adjustment of traditional corn planters in China still requires manual operation, which is inefficient. Foreign corn planters can automatically adjust the row spacing, but they are expensive and have complex structures, hindering large-scale promotion in China. To address these shortcomings, this invention proposes an automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting patterns. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting patterns. This pneumatic high-speed precision corn planter can automatically adjust the row spacing according to agronomic requirements before sowing, reducing the time required to adjust the row spacing and facilitating adjustments for different row spacing requirements in different regions and new dense corn planting patterns.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] An automatic adjustment device suitable for high-density maize planting, characterized in that it includes a frame, a furrow opener adjustment device, a sliding fixing device, a hydraulic power unit, a distance sensor, and row spacing adjustment rods; the furrow opener adjustment device is fixed to the front end of the sliding fixing device; the sliding fixing device is fixed to the frame and can move on the frame; the hydraulic power unit is fixed in the middle of the frame; the distance sensor is fixed on the left side of the frame and directly opposite the head of the hydraulic power unit; the row spacing adjustment rods include an upper adjustment rod and a lower adjustment rod; the upper adjustment rod is fixed in the middle of a sliding crossbeam near the middle of the frame; the lower adjustment rod is fixed in the middle of a sliding crossbeam away from the middle of the frame.
[0008] The ditcher adjustment device includes a first electric push rod, a second electric push rod, a left-right adjustment motor, a left-right adjustment gear, a fixed base, a fixed electric push rod, an up-down adjustment motor, a left-right adjustment rack, an up-down adjustment gear, a sliding base, an up-down adjustment rack, and a ditcher. The first electric push rod is fixed to the upper left side of the sliding base; the second electric push rod is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base; the left-right adjustment motor is fixed to the upper left side of the sliding base; the left-right adjustment gear meshes with the left-right adjustment rack; the fixed base is fixed to the front end of the sliding fixed device; the fixed electric push rod is vertically fixed to the upper end face of the sliding base; the up-down adjustment motor is fixed to the upper right side of the sliding base; the up-down adjustment gear meshes with the up-down adjustment rack of the ditcher; the left-right adjustment rack is fixed to the upper plane of the fixed base; the sliding base is fixed to the front of the fixed base; the up-down adjustment rack is fixed to the upper right side of the ditcher; and the ditcher is fixed to the front of the sliding base.
[0009] The sliding fixing device includes an upper electric push rod, a fixed column, small rollers, a fixed gear, a fixed motor, a connecting plate, large rollers, a sliding crossbeam, and a lower electric push rod. The upper electric push rod is fixed to the lower electric push rod. The fixed column is vertically fixed in the front hole of the sliding crossbeam and has a rack structure. The small rollers are fixed to the front and rear parts of the upper and lower end faces of the sliding crossbeam and are symmetrically distributed according to the center line. The fixed gear meshes with the rack on the fixed column. The fixed motor is fixed to the front and rear ends of the upper end face of the sliding crossbeam. The connecting plate is fixed to the rear end of the sliding crossbeam. The large rollers are fixed to the side end face of the sliding crossbeam and are symmetrically distributed according to the center line. The sliding crossbeam is slidably mounted on the frame. The lower electric push rod is fixed to the upper protruding platform at the front of the sliding crossbeam.
[0010] The hydraulic power unit includes a third-stage rod, a second-stage rod, a first-stage rod, a clamp, a cylinder, and a fixed platform; the third-stage rod is located inside the second-stage rod; the second-stage rod is located inside the first-stage rod; the first-stage rod is located inside the cylinder; and the cylinder is fixed to the fixed platform by the clamp.
[0011] Beneficial effects of this invention:
[0012] The automatic adjustment device described in this invention, suitable for dense corn planting, is applicable to most corn planters, has a simple structure, and is cheaper than foreign corn planters.
[0013] The automatic adjustment device for dense corn planting described in this invention uses a hydraulic device to provide power for movement and is locked by an electric push rod, motor, etc., to achieve automatic adjustment of row spacing.
[0014] The automatic adjustment device for dense corn planting described in this invention uses a gear and rack structure to achieve automatic adjustment of the furrow opener in all directions, and the electric push rod locks it in place. This solves the problem that different fertilizers need to be placed in different soil layers, which is beneficial for corn to absorb fertilizer better. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting, as described in this invention, taking a six-row corn planter as an example;
[0016] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the trencher adjustment device described in this invention;
[0017] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the sliding fixing device described in this invention;
[0018] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the hydraulic power unit described in this invention;
[0019] Figure 5 This is an illustration of the connection relationship between the trencher adjustment device and the sliding fixing device described in this invention;
[0020] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged view of an automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting, as described in this invention.
[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the initial positions of each sliding crossbeam before adjustment as described in this invention.
[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the positions of the outermost and middle sliding crossbeams after the first adjustment according to the present invention.
[0023] In the diagram: 1-Furrow opener adjustment device; 101-First electric push rod; 102-Second electric push rod; 103-Left and right adjustment motor; 104-Left and right adjustment gear; 105-Fixed seat; 106-Fixed electric push rod; 107-Up and down adjustment motor; 108-Left and right adjustment rack; 109-Up and down adjustment gear; 110-Sliding seat; 111-Up and down adjustment rack; 112-Furrow opener; 2-Sliding fixing device; 201-Upper electric push rod; 202-Fixed... 203-Fixed column; 204-Small roller; 205-Fixed gear; 206-Fixed motor; 207-Connecting plate; 208-Large roller; 209-Sliding crossbeam; 209-Lower layer electric push rod; 3-Hydraulic power unit; 301-Third-stage rod; 302-Second-stage rod; 303-First-stage rod; 304-Clamp; 305-Cylinder; 306-Fixed platform; 4-Distance sensor; 5-Frame; 6-Row spacing adjustment rod; 601-Lower layer adjustment rod; 602-Upper layer adjustment rod. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting is characterized by comprising a frame 5, a furrow opener adjustment device 1, a sliding fixing device 2, a hydraulic power device 3, a distance sensor 4, and a row spacing adjustment rod 6; the furrow opener adjustment device 1 is fixed to the front end of the sliding fixing device 2; the sliding fixing device 2 is fixed to the frame 5 and can move on the frame 5; the hydraulic power device 3 is fixed in the middle of the frame 5; the distance sensor 4 is fixed on the left side of the frame 5 and directly opposite the head of the hydraulic power device 3; the row spacing adjustment rod 6 includes an upper adjustment rod 602 and a lower adjustment rod 601; the upper adjustment rod 602 is fixed in the middle of the sliding crossbeam 208 near the middle of the frame 5; the lower adjustment rod 601 is fixed in the middle of the sliding crossbeam 208 away from the middle of the frame 5.
[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the furrow opener adjustment device includes a first electric push rod 101, a second electric push rod 102, a left-right adjustment motor 103, a left-right adjustment gear 104, a fixed base 105, a fixed electric push rod 106, a right-right adjustment motor 107, a left-right adjustment rack 108, a right-right adjustment gear 109, a sliding base 110, a right-right adjustment rack 104, and a furrow opener 112; the first electric push rod 101 is fixed to the upper left side plane of the sliding base 110; the second electric push rod 102 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the left-right adjustment motor 103 is fixed to the upper left side of the sliding base 110; the left-right adjustment gear 104 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the left-right adjustment motor 105 is fixed to the upper left side of the sliding base 110; the left-right adjustment gear 106 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the right-right adjustment gear 106 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the left-right adjustment gear 106 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the right-right adjustment motor 106 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the left-right adjustment gear 106 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the right-right adjustment motor 107 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the right-right adjustment gear 106 is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base 110; the left ... 4. Engages with the left and right adjusting rack 108; the fixed seat 105 is fixed to the front end of the sliding fixed device 2; the fixed electric push rod 106 is vertically fixed to the upper end face fixed frame of the sliding seat 110; the up and down adjusting motor 107 is fixed to the upper right side of the sliding seat 110; the up and down adjusting gear 109 engages with the up and down adjusting rack 111 of the trencher 112; the left and right adjusting rack 108 is fixed on the upper plane of the fixed seat 105; the sliding seat 110 is fixed to the front of the fixed seat 105; the up and down adjusting rack 111 is fixed to the upper right side of the trencher 112; the trencher 112 is fixed to the front of the sliding seat 110.
[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the sliding fixing device 2 includes an upper electric push rod 201, a fixing column 202, a small roller 203, a fixing gear 204, a fixing motor 205, a connecting plate 206, a large roller 207, a sliding crossbeam 208, and a lower electric push rod 209; the upper electric push rod 201 is fixed on the lower electric push rod 209; the fixing column 202 is vertically fixed in the front hole of the sliding crossbeam 208, and the fixing column 202 has a rack structure; the small roller 203 is fixed on the upper and lower end faces of the sliding crossbeam 208. The front and rear sections are symmetrically distributed along the center line; the fixed gear 204 meshes with the rack on the fixed column 202; the fixed motor 205 is fixed at both ends of the upper surface of the sliding beam 208; the connecting plate 206 is fixed at the rear end of the sliding beam 208; the large roller 207 is fixed on the side end face of the sliding beam 208 and symmetrically distributed along the center line; the sliding beam 208 is slidably mounted on the frame 5; the lower electric push rod 209 is fixed on the upper protruding platform at the front of the sliding beam 208.
[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, the hydraulic power unit 3 includes a third-stage rod 301, a second-stage rod 302, a first-stage rod 303, a clamp 304, a cylinder 305, and a fixed platform 306; the third-stage rod 301 is located inside the second-stage rod 302; the second-stage rod 302 is located inside the first-stage rod 303; the first-stage rod 303 is located inside the cylinder 305; the cylinder 305 is fixed to the fixed platform 306 by the clamp 304.
[0029] The working principle of the automatic adjustment device for dense corn planting mode described in this invention is as follows:
[0030] Before sowing, the position and row spacing of the furrow opener 112 are adjusted according to local agronomic requirements. Specifically, firstly, based on the fertilizer application requirements, the left-right position of the fertilizer furrow opener 112 relative to the formed seed furrow is adjusted using the left-right adjusting motor, the left-right adjusting gear 104, and the left-right adjusting rack 108. Then, the depth of the furrow opener 112 is adjusted using the up-down adjusting motor 107, the up-down adjusting gear 109, and the up-down adjusting rack 111. Finally, the furrow opener 112 and the sliding seat 110 are locked together using the first electric push rod 101 and the second electric push rod 102 to ensure that the position of the fertilizer and the seed furrow remains unchanged during sowing.
[0031] Then, the hydraulic system of the tractor provides power to the hydraulic power unit 3 for line spacing adjustment. For example... Figure 6The initial positions of each sliding crossbeam 208 before adjustment are shown. First, the hydraulic power unit 3 pushes out the first-stage rod 303 to the set distance. Since the third-stage rod 303 is fixed on the outermost sliding crossbeam 208, the distance between the outermost rod and the adjacent sliding crossbeam 208 is the set distance. The lower electric push rod 209 extends to fix the two sliding crossbeams 208 into a whole. Figure 7 As shown, this is the position of the outermost and middle sliding crossbeams after the first adjustment. Then, the hydraulic power unit 3 extends the secondary rod 302 to the set distance, so the distance between the sliding crossbeams 208 near the middle of the frame 5 and the adjacent sliding crossbeams is the set distance. The upper electric push rod 201 extends to fix these two sliding crossbeams 208 as a whole. Finally, the hydraulic power unit 3 extends the tertiary rod 301, and the distance between the two sliding crossbeams near the middle of the frame 5 is determined. All the fixed motors lower the fixed columns through the fixed gears, and all the sliding crossbeams are fixed to the frame 5, as shown. Figure 1 As shown.
[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent substitutions or changes made to the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatic adjustment device suitable for high-density corn planting, characterized in that, The machine includes a frame, a trencher adjustment device, a sliding fixing device, a hydraulic power unit, a distance sensor, and row spacing adjustment rods. The trencher adjustment device is fixed to the front end of the sliding fixing device. The sliding fixing device is fixed to the frame and can move on the frame. The hydraulic power unit is fixed in the middle of the frame. The distance sensor is fixed on the left side of the frame and directly opposite the head of the hydraulic power unit. The row spacing adjustment rods include an upper adjustment rod and a lower adjustment rod. The upper adjustment rod is fixed in the middle of the sliding crossbeam near the middle of the frame. The lower adjustment rod is fixed in the middle of the sliding crossbeam away from the middle of the frame.
2. The automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ditcher adjustment device includes a first electric push rod, a second electric push rod, a left-right adjustment motor, a left-right adjustment gear, a fixed base, a fixed electric push rod, an up-down adjustment motor, a left-right adjustment rack, an up-down adjustment gear, a sliding base, an up-down adjustment rack, and a ditcher. The first electric push rod is fixed to the upper left side of the sliding base; the second electric push rod is fixed to the lower left side of the sliding base; the left-right adjustment motor is fixed to the upper left side of the sliding base; the left-right adjustment gear meshes with the left-right adjustment rack; the fixed base is fixed to the front end of the sliding fixed device; the fixed electric push rod is vertically fixed to the upper end face of the sliding base; the up-down adjustment motor is fixed to the upper right side of the sliding base; the up-down adjustment gear meshes with the up-down adjustment rack of the ditcher; the left-right adjustment rack is fixed to the upper plane of the fixed base; the sliding base is fixed to the front of the fixed base; the up-down adjustment rack is fixed to the upper right side of the ditcher; and the ditcher is fixed to the front of the sliding base.
3. The automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding fixing device includes an upper electric push rod, a fixed column, small rollers, a fixed gear, a fixed motor, a connecting plate, large rollers, a sliding crossbeam, and a lower electric push rod. The upper electric push rod is fixed to the lower electric push rod. The fixed column is vertically fixed in the front hole of the sliding crossbeam and has a rack structure. The small rollers are fixed to the front and rear parts of the upper and lower end faces of the sliding crossbeam and are symmetrically distributed according to the center line. The fixed gear meshes with the rack on the fixed column. The fixed motor is fixed to the front and rear ends of the upper end face of the sliding crossbeam. The connecting plate is fixed to the rear end of the sliding crossbeam. The large rollers are fixed to the side end face of the sliding crossbeam and are symmetrically distributed according to the center line. The sliding crossbeam is slidably mounted on the frame. The lower electric push rod is fixed to the upper protruding platform at the front of the sliding crossbeam.
4. The automatic adjustment device suitable for dense corn planting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic power unit includes a third-stage rod, a second-stage rod, a first-stage rod, a clamp, a cylinder, and a fixed platform; the third-stage rod is located inside the second-stage rod; the second-stage rod is located inside the first-stage rod; the first-stage rod is located inside the cylinder; and the cylinder is fixed to the fixed platform by the clamp.