Method for preventing and controlling orchard diseases and pests

Abstract

A method for preventing and controlling diseases and pests in an orchard. The method comprises: obtaining target feature data of a target orchard, the target feature data comprising soil feature data and disease feature data of the target orchard; dividing the target orchard into a plurality of target regions according to a predetermined division strategy; for each target region, determining a prevention and control index of the target region based on the target feature data corresponding to the target region; determining an ozone nano prevention and control strategy corresponding to each target region based on the prevention and control index corresponding to each target region; and performing prevention and control treatment on the target orchard according to the ozone nano prevention and control strategy. The method can effectively prevent and control diseases and pests while reducing environmental pollution and pesticide residues.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural pest and disease control technology, specifically to a method for controlling pests and diseases in orchards. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, pest and disease control in orchards still primarily relies on the regular spraying of chemical pesticides. This traditional method has several problems: first, long-term, large-scale use of chemical pesticides easily leads to pesticide resistance in pathogens and pests, resulting in a gradual decline in control effectiveness; second, pesticide runoff causes environmental problems such as soil degradation and water pollution; and third, there is a high risk of excessive pesticide residues in fruits, hindering the improvement of fruit quality and export trade. Especially in the production of high-value economic forest fruits such as mangoes and citrus, pesticide residues have become a key bottleneck for industrial development.

[0003] On the other hand, for large orchards, the types of pests and diseases vary in different areas. If the same control measures are used, some areas may lack sufficient control, while others may be over-controlled and the pesticides may damage the fruit trees. This makes the control measures less targeted.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively carry out green prevention and control of orchard pests and diseases is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a method for controlling pests and diseases in an orchard is provided. The method includes: acquiring target characteristic data of a target orchard, the target characteristic data including soil characteristic data and disease characteristic data of the target orchard; dividing the target orchard into multiple target areas according to a predetermined division strategy; determining control indicators for each target area based on the target characteristic data corresponding to that target area; determining an ozone nanocontrol strategy corresponding to each target area based on the control indicators corresponding to each target area; and performing control and treatment on the target orchard according to the ozone nanocontrol strategy.

[0006] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, the soil characteristic data includes soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community characteristics, and the disease characteristic data includes the pest and disease spectrum characteristics corresponding to the target orchard.

[0007] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, the step of determining the control indicators of the target area based on the target characteristic data corresponding to the target area includes: determining the disease type and disease severity of the target area based on the disease and pest spectrum characteristics, the soil physicochemical properties, and the soil microbial community characteristics; determining the soil control standard of the target area based on the soil physicochemical properties; and determining the colony influence data of the target area based on the soil microbial community characteristics; the control indicators include the disease type, the disease severity, the soil control standard, and the colony influence data.

[0008] According to the method for controlling orchard pests and diseases provided in this application, the types of diseases include root zone diseases, canopy diseases, and synergistic root zone and canopy diseases.

[0009] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, the step of determining the ozone nano-control strategy corresponding to each target area based on the control indicators corresponding to each target area includes: determining the control facilities to be adopted for each target area of ​​the target orchard based on the disease type corresponding to the target area; and determining the irrigation water volume per tree, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied at one time for each target area based on the disease severity, soil control standards, and colony influence data corresponding to the target area.

[0010] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, the step of controlling and treating the target orchard according to the ozone nano-control strategy includes: controlling the corresponding control facilities to control and treat the target orchard based on the irrigation water volume per tree, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in the water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied at one time; wherein, during the control and treatment process, root zone disease control and treatment is implemented first, and crown zone disease control and treatment is implemented after the root zone disease control and treatment has completed a first predetermined time.

[0011] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, root zone disease control and treatment are carried out in the target orchard during the early budding stage of fruit trees, the vigorous root development stage of fruit trees, or the continuous cropping obstacle stage, and crown zone disease control and treatment are carried out during the high-risk period of disease infection.

[0012] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, the control facility used for the root zone disease type is a root zone irrigation facility, and the control facility used for the canopy zone disease type is a canopy zone spraying facility; wherein, the spraying pressure of the canopy zone spraying facility is 0.5MPa~1.2MPa, and the spray particle size is 50μm~150μm.

[0013] According to the method for controlling orchard pests and diseases provided in this application, the method further includes: after controlling and treating the target orchard, acquiring fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data of the target orchard at second predetermined time intervals; for each target area, determining new control indicators for the target area based on the fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data corresponding to the target area; determining corresponding new ozone nanocontrol strategies based on the new control indicators corresponding to each target area; and conducting the next control and treatment of the target orchard according to the new ozone nanocontrol strategies.

[0014] According to the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application, the fruit tree growth data includes fruit tree disease index, fruit tree yield, fruit quality grade and fruit pesticide residue.

[0015] The embodiments described in this application have the following beneficial effects: The orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application requires obtaining target characteristic data of the target orchard and dividing the target orchard into regions before implementing pest and disease control. After dividing the target orchard, control indicators can be determined based on the target characteristic data corresponding to each target region. Then, an appropriate ozone nano-control strategy is adopted to control and treat each target region according to the control indicators. This approach allows for targeted and personalized control in different areas of the target orchard, resulting in better control effects. Furthermore, the ozone nano-control strategy used in this application leverages the advantages of ozone, such as strong oxidation, broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, no residue, and easy decomposition, which can reduce environmental pollution and pesticide residues while effectively controlling pests and diseases. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The accompanying drawings in the following description are merely exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the zoning of the target orchard provided in this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the following description, exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the concept or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive. These embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present application.

[0019] This application provides a method for controlling pests and diseases in orchards. Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the orchard pest and disease control method provided in this application is shown. The orchard pest and disease control method 100 of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This orchard pest and disease control method can be applied to electronic devices such as terminal devices or servers. Terminal devices may include mobile phones, computers, tablets, etc.; servers may include independent servers, cluster servers, or cloud servers, etc. This orchard pest and disease control method can also be applied to orchard pest and disease control devices installed in terminal devices or servers, etc., which can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the method 100 includes steps 101 to 105. Steps 101 to 105 will be described in detail below.

[0021] Step 101: Obtain target feature data of the target orchard, including soil feature data and disease feature data of the target orchard.

[0022] Specifically, the target feature data of the target orchard can be pre-stored in electronic devices such as terminal devices or servers, or it can be uploaded to electronic devices by staff, or it can be sent from other electronic devices. This embodiment does not make any specific limitations here.

[0023] Orchards are typically large in area, and the target feature data of a target orchard can include feature data from multiple locations within the orchard. For example, feature data of the target orchard can be sampled at preset sampling intervals, and all the sampled feature data constitutes the target feature data of the target orchard.

[0024] The target feature data may include soil feature data and disease feature data of the target orchard. The soil feature data may include soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community characteristics, and the disease feature data may include the disease and pest spectrum characteristics corresponding to the target orchard.

[0025] Specifically, soil physicochemical properties refer to the physical and chemical properties of soil. These properties mainly include: soil texture (e.g., the proportion of sand, silt, and clay particles in the soil, such as sandy soil, loam, and clay), soil structure (e.g., granular, blocky, columnar, and flaky structures), soil bulk density, soil specific gravity, soil porosity, soil moisture (e.g., soil water content, field capacity, wilting coefficient, and saturated water content), soil aeration (e.g., soil aeration porosity, oxygen content, and gas exchange capacity), soil temperature (e.g., soil thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and soil temperature variation patterns), soil pH (e.g., soil acidity and alkalinity), soil organic matter content, soil nutrients (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and trace elements in the soil), soil salinity, alkalinity, and soil redox potential.

[0026] The following provides illustrative examples of some soil properties.

[0027] Different soil textures have different effects on fruit tree root systems. For example, clay soil has poor aeration and water permeability, easily leading to waterlogging and root rot, and a high incidence of root rot, root cancer, and stem base rot; root hypoxia weakens growth, and reduces the tree's disease resistance. Sandy soil has poor water and fertilizer retention, making fruit trees prone to drought and nutrient deficiencies, resulting in weakened tree vigor and susceptibility to pests and infectious diseases. Loam soil has moderate density, promotes good root development, results in robust trees, and offers the strongest resistance to diseases and pests.

[0028] Prolonged waterlogging in the soil is the primary cause of root rot, white mold disease, circular spot root rot, and outbreaks of root-knot nematodes. Conversely, if the soil is too dry, the fruit tree roots will not be able to absorb enough water.

[0029] Slightly acidic soils easily induce manganese and aluminum poisoning, damaging the root system; they also provide a suitable environment for the reproduction of root-knot nematodes and some fungal diseases. Slightly alkaline soils make fruit trees prone to chlorosis due to iron, zinc, and manganese deficiencies, resulting in weak trees and increased susceptibility to disease; the alkaline environment also promotes the occurrence of some bacterial and alkalogenic diseases. Neutral soils can buffer the occurrence of pests and diseases and reduce physiological diseases caused by nutrient deficiencies.

[0030] A balanced soil nutrient profile, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, results in robust tree health, thick cell walls, increased synthesis of disease-resistant substances, and strong resistance to fungi, bacteria, and pests.

[0031] As can be seen from the above, when certain soil properties are known, fruit tree protection can be carried out according to the soil properties, resulting in better protection effects.

[0032] It is understood that the soil physicochemical properties used in this embodiment may not necessarily include all the soil properties listed above. The physicochemical properties used in this embodiment may only include those listed above that are relevant to the key points of pest and disease protection. For example, the physicochemical properties used may include at least soil moisture, soil pH, soil nutrients, and soil organic matter content. Among them, soil moisture can determine the amount of irrigation water for a single irrigation in the later protection process; soil pH can determine the type of fertilizer and pesticide to be used in the subsequent protection and treatment process (for example, if the soil is acidic, choose alkaline fertilizers and pesticides first, and if the soil is alkaline, choose acidic fertilizers and pesticides first) or whether to apply acid-base adjustment solution; soil nutrients can determine the nutrients that need to be added to the soil in the later protection process; and soil organic matter content can determine the soil's self-resistance capacity, thereby determining the degree of protection in the later stage.

[0033] The characteristics of soil microbial communities mainly include the species and quantity of organisms, community structure, functions and roles. Soil microbial communities affect plant immunity, disease resistance, nutrient exchange in plant roots, and the ability to control pathogens and parasites.

[0034] The pest and disease spectrum characteristics corresponding to the target orchard can include the types and affected parts of the trees, their distribution (e.g., which areas in the target orchard have a high incidence and which have a low incidence), and the severity of the pests and diseases (incidence rate and disease index, etc.). Based on the affected parts and pest types, we can determine the key areas for protection and how to protect the trees; based on the pest distribution, we can determine the location of such damage; and based on the severity of the damage, we can determine the appropriate level of protection and treatment.

[0035] Step 102: Divide the target orchard into multiple target areas according to a predetermined division strategy.

[0036] Specifically, the predetermined zoning strategy can be a pre-determined method of dividing the target orchard into regions. Figure 2 The illustration shows a schematic diagram of the target orchard area division provided in this application. For example, the predetermined division strategy may include: ① obtaining a two-dimensional map of the target orchard, ② determining the minimum bounding rectangle of the target orchard based on the edge of the two-dimensional map of the target orchard, and ③ dividing the determined bounding rectangle according to a predetermined division size to obtain multiple target areas.

[0037] The predetermined division size can be a range of sizes, such as... Figure 2As shown, within this size range, a dimension that can evenly divide the circumscribed rectangle can be determined, thereby dividing the target orchard into multiple sub-regions (for example, the length dimension of the circumscribed rectangle is 52 meters, and the width dimension is 44 meters; these dimensions are not map dimensions but converted actual land dimensions). The predetermined division dimension can be a fixed value, based on which the target orchard can be divided into multiple sub-regions. However, this division method may result in some sub-regions having a size smaller than the predetermined division dimension.

[0038] Furthermore, since orchards may be irregular, after dividing them according to the above method, there may be some sub-regions that do not contain any areas of the target orchard at all, or the areas of the target orchard contained in such sub-regions are very small (e.g., less than 20% of the divided sub-regions). Such areas need to be removed (of course, it is also possible to only remove sub-regions that do not contain any areas of the target orchard). Figure 2 After removing the sub-regions marked with an "X", the remaining sub-regions can all be considered as target regions.

[0039] Step 103: For each target area, determine the prevention and control indicators of the target area based on the target feature data corresponding to the target area.

[0040] Specifically, after identifying the target areas, target characteristic data can be obtained for each target area. This data includes soil physicochemical properties collected in the target area previously, as well as the characteristics of pest and disease lineages in that area. After obtaining this target characteristic data, control indicators for that target area can be determined. In other words, the control indicators for each target area are adjusted based on the target characteristic data, resulting in good targeting capabilities.

[0041] In one embodiment, determining the control indicators for the target area based on the target characteristic data corresponding to the target area includes: determining the disease type and severity in the target area based on the pest and disease phylogenetic characteristics, the soil physicochemical properties, and the soil microbial community characteristics; determining the soil control standards for the target area based on the soil physicochemical properties; and determining the colony influence data for the target area based on the soil microbial community characteristics; the control indicators include the disease type, the disease severity, the soil control standards, and the colony influence data.

[0042] Specifically, the types of diseases in the target area can be determined based on the phylogenetic characteristics of the pests and diseases in the target area. A pre-set feature score comparison table can be established for each specific feature among the pest and disease phylogenetic characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, and soil microbial community characteristics. Based on this pre-set score comparison table, the score corresponding to each different feature in the target area can be determined. After determining the score corresponding to each feature, the total score of the target area can be determined by summing or weighting.

[0043] A pre-set total score comparison table for disease severity can also be provided. For example, a total score between a and b indicates a mild disease severity, a total score between b and c (excluding b) indicates a moderate disease severity, a total score between c and d (excluding c) indicates a relatively severe disease severity, and a total score between d and e (excluding d) indicates a very severe disease severity. The above-mentioned total score range is merely illustrative; those skilled in the art can set it as needed, for example, the disease severity can be further subdivided. The score intervals corresponding to different disease severity levels are related to the score settings in the feature score comparison table, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on them.

[0044] Soil physicochemical properties encompass a variety of soil characteristics, some of which influence subsequent protection and management. For example, soil moisture affects the amount of irrigation water, and soil pH affects the types of fertilizers and pesticides applied, as well as the amount of pH-adjusting solutions used. Therefore, soil control standards for target areas can be determined based on soil physicochemical properties. These standards may include, for example, the amount of irrigation water determined by soil moisture and the pH of irrigation solutions determined by soil pH.

[0045] A higher number of beneficial bacteria in the soil microbial community indicates a greater influence, while a lower number of beneficial bacteria indicates a smaller influence.

[0046] For example, the disease types may include root zone disease types, canopy zone disease types, and root zone-canopy zone synergistic disease types. Root zone disease types refer to fruit trees in the target area where the disease primarily affects the root zone; canopy zone disease types refer to fruit trees in the target area where the disease primarily affects the canopy zone; and root zone-canopy zone synergistic disease types refer to fruit trees in the target area where the disease affects both the root zone and the canopy zone.

[0047] Next, step 104 is performed: based on the prevention and control indicators corresponding to each target area, the ozone nano-control strategy corresponding to each target area is determined.

[0048] Specifically, after determining the control indicators such as disease type, disease severity, soil control standards, and colony influence data, corresponding ozone nanocontrol strategies can be determined based on these indicators. For example, a pre-developed strategy determination program can be used to determine the appropriate ozone nanocontrol strategy for a target area based on the corresponding control indicators. This program could be, for example, an artificial intelligence model, pre-trained with a large amount of training data, capable of generating corresponding ozone nanocontrol strategies based on the control indicators.

[0049] Ozone possesses strong oxidizing and broad-spectrum bactericidal capabilities; however, gaseous ozone is prone to dissipation during protective treatments, resulting in low utilization efficiency. Ozone nanobubble technology can significantly improve the solubility and stability of ozone in water, while also increasing dissolved oxygen and inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the ozone nanobubble control strategy in this embodiment is based on ozone nanobubble water. Ozone nanobubble water can utilize the strong oxidizing properties of ozone to destroy the cell walls and key metabolic enzyme systems of pathogens. The nanobubbles can also increase dissolved oxygen and interfacial activity, enhancing the penetration and coverage of other fertilizers and pesticides on the leaf and rhizosphere microenvironment.

[0050] Of course, depending on the disease situation, in addition to using ozone nanobubble water, the ozone nano-control strategy can also include the application of fertilizers and pesticides when necessary for prevention and treatment. These fertilizers and pesticides can be mixed with the ozone nanobubble water for application. Based on ozone nanobubble water, the amount of fertilizers and pesticides used can be significantly reduced. Experiments have shown that even with 30% to 70% of the conventional application rate, the control efficacy can still be close to or better than the conventional full dose, thus achieving predictable reductions in pesticides and residues.

[0051] In one embodiment, determining the ozone nano-control strategy for each target area based on the control indicators corresponding to each target area includes: determining the control facilities to be used for each target area of ​​the target orchard based on the disease type corresponding to the target area; and determining the irrigation water volume per tree, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied per application for each target area based on the disease severity, soil control standards, and colony influence data corresponding to the target area.

[0052] It is understandable that different types of diseases require different control measures. Therefore, for each target area, the control facilities to be used can be determined according to the type of disease. For example, spray control measures can be used for crown diseases, while root zone irrigation facilities can be used for root zone diseases.

[0053] For each target area, based on the corresponding disease severity, soil control standards, and colony influence data, a pre-set algorithm program can calculate and determine the irrigation water volume per plant, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in the water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied per application in the target area. This pre-set algorithm program can be an algorithm program pre-developed based on algorithmic logic skilled in the art, and it is also pre-configured in an electronic device so that the electronic device can call it at any time when executing the control method.

[0054] It is understandable that different fruit trees have varying tolerance levels for ozone nano-irrigation concentrations. Exceeding the tree's tolerance limit will damage it. Therefore, the ozone nano-irrigation concentration determined when formulating an ozone nano-control strategy must not exceed the tree's tolerance limit. However, in cases of severe fruit tree diseases, an ozone nano-irrigation concentration that meets the tree's tolerance may not be sufficient for effective disease control. In such cases, it is necessary to add fertilizers and pesticides (such as fertigation or compound microbial preparations of traditional Chinese medicine) to the ozone nano-bubble water to effectively control diseases through a combination of fertilizers, pesticides, and ozone nano-bubble water. Irrigation frequency can be, for example, the number of irrigations within a predetermined time period and the intervals between irrigations.

[0055] Once the ozone nanoparticle control strategy is determined, step 105 can be further performed: control and treat the target orchard according to the ozone nanoparticle control strategy.

[0056] In one embodiment, the control and treatment of the target orchard according to the ozone nano-control strategy includes: controlling the corresponding control facilities to control and treat the target orchard based on the irrigation water volume per tree, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in the water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied at one time; wherein, during the control and treatment process, root zone disease control and treatment is implemented first, and canopy zone disease control and treatment is implemented after the root zone disease control and treatment has completed a first predetermined time.

[0057] Specifically, based on the ozone nanotechnology control strategy, control commands can be sent to the corresponding control facilities, which can then be used to control and treat the fruit trees in the target area.

[0058] The root system is the core of fruit tree absorption and metabolism. Root health determines the fruit tree's resistance to adverse conditions. Root diseases often lead to canopy symptoms. Therefore, treating the root cause is the priority. When carrying out prevention and treatment, root zone disease prevention and treatment should be implemented first, followed by canopy zone disease prevention and treatment. The first predetermined interval between the implementation of root zone disease prevention and treatment and canopy zone disease prevention and treatment can be set according to the fruit tree species, fruit tree growth cycle, and disease development cycle.

[0059] Root zone disease control and treatment can improve dissolved oxygen and microbial environment, alleviate continuous cropping obstacles, enhance root vitality and fertilizer and water use efficiency, and thus improve fruit yield and fruit quality. Root-canopy synergistic timing control allows root zone conditioning to improve the root and soil environment before the high-risk period of disease infection, combined with precise canopy spraying during the infection period, forming a synergistic control system in both time and space.

[0060] Fruit tree root zone soils generally suffer from poor aeration, prominent continuous cropping obstacles, and frequent root rot diseases. Existing root zone control measures are mostly limited to soil disinfectant irrigation, chemical treatment, or partial soil replacement, which have drawbacks such as complex operation, high cost, and easy secondary pollution, making it difficult to promote and apply on a large scale. In this embodiment, ozone nano bubble water is used to irrigate and treat the roots, which is simple to operate, low in cost, and has less pollution.

[0061] The aforementioned orchard pest and disease control method requires obtaining target characteristic data and dividing the target orchard into regions before implementing control measures. After dividing the target orchard, control indicators can be determined based on the target characteristic data corresponding to each target region. Then, an appropriate ozone nanotechnology control strategy can be adopted to control and treat each target region according to the control indicators. This approach allows for targeted and personalized control in different areas of the target orchard, resulting in better control effects. Furthermore, the ozone nanotechnology control strategy used in this application leverages the advantages of ozone, including strong oxidation, broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, no residue, and easy decomposition, effectively controlling pests and diseases while mitigating environmental pollution and pesticide residues.

[0062] In one embodiment, root zone disease control and treatment can be implemented in the early budding stage of fruit trees, the vigorous root development stage of fruit trees, or the continuous cropping obstacle stage of the target orchard, and canopy zone disease control and treatment can be implemented during the high-risk period of disease infection.

[0063] Specifically, the early budding stage of fruit trees is a period of gradually increasing root activity; the vigorous root growth period is usually accompanied by new shoot growth, at which time it is necessary to ensure a suitable root environment; continuous cropping obstacles refer to abnormal crop growth and development caused by continuously cultivating the same or closely related crops in the same soil, which is generally obvious in the early stages of growth. The control facilities used for the root zone disease types are root zone irrigation facilities, and the control facilities used for the crown zone disease types are crown zone spraying facilities; wherein the spraying pressure of the crown zone spraying facilities is 0.5MPa~1.2MPa, and the spray particle size is 50μm~150μm.

[0064] For example, the root zone irrigation facilities may be a pressure pipeline network and drip irrigation, micro-sprinkler or ring hose water outlets deployed for each fruit tree, and the canopy spray facilities may include vehicle-mounted high-pressure sprayers and / or drone plant protection nozzles.

[0065] The dissolved ozone concentration of ozone nanobubble water used for root zone control and treatment can be 0.5–3.0 mg / L, the irrigation water volume per fruit tree can be 20–80 L / tree, and the number of control and treatments per season can be 1–4. The above parameters can be adjusted according to the fruit tree's growth stage and soil moisture content. Among them, the preferred dissolved ozone concentration of ozone nanobubble water used for root zone control and treatment is 1.0–2.0 mg / L.

[0066] The dissolved ozone concentration in the ozone nanobubble water used for canopy control and treatment can be 0.5–2.0 mg / L, the spray pressure of the canopy spraying system can be 0.5 MPa–1.2 MPa, and the spray particle size can be 50 μm–150 μm. It is understandable that, on the one hand, the spray pressure of the canopy spraying system cannot be too low, as this results in poor uniformity; on the other hand, the pressure is too high, causing significant impact and potentially damaging the flowers or fruits of the fruit trees. Therefore, the spray pressure of the canopy spraying system needs to be maintained within the range of 0.5 MPa–1.2 MPa. Specifically, the dissolved ozone concentration in the ozone nanobubble water used for canopy control and treatment is preferably 1.0–1.8 mg / L, the spray pressure is preferably 0.7–1.0 MPa, and the droplet size is preferably within the range of 60–120 μm.

[0067] On the other hand, when spraying from canopy sprayers, large droplets have greater kinetic energy, settle faster, are less prone to drift, and evaporate more slowly. However, they are more likely to bounce after impacting the target and have poor adhesion to the target surface, easily rolling off, causing significant pesticide loss and environmental pollution. Fine droplets, on the other hand, provide far superior coverage density and uniformity to large droplets. They can undergo Brownian motion, have better penetration ability within the plant canopy, and can be carried by airflow deep into the canopy, depositing on the front and back of the target. They also have strong adhesion and are less prone to runoff. However, because fine droplets are too light, they can sometimes drift, causing some runoff. Therefore, to balance the two scenarios described above, the spray particle size of canopy sprayers should ideally be maintained within the range of 50 μm to 150 μm.

[0068] Furthermore, the control method further includes: after controlling and treating the target orchard, acquiring fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data of the target orchard at second predetermined time intervals; for each target area, determining new control indicators for the target area based on the fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data corresponding to the target area; determining corresponding new ozone nanocontrol strategies based on the new control indicators corresponding to each target area; and conducting the next control and treatment on the target orchard according to the new ozone nanocontrol strategies.

[0069] Specifically, as control and treatment progresses, the disease status of fruit trees will improve, and soil characteristic data will also change. Therefore, after control and treatment of the target orchard, fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data need to be acquired every second predetermined interval. Based on the acquired fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data, new control indicators for each target area are redefined, and a new ozone nanotechnology control strategy is determined for the next control and treatment of the target orchard. In this way, each subsequent control and treatment is adjusted according to the fruit tree growth status and soil changes, resulting in higher precision and better effects.

[0070] The fruit tree growth data includes fruit tree disease index, fruit yield, fruit quality grade, and pesticide residue levels. These data can be obtained through manual sampling and uploaded to electronic devices for later retrieval.

[0071] In a specific experiment, the control method of this embodiment was applied in a mango orchard. Based on the occurrence patterns of leaf and fruit diseases such as mango anthracnose and powdery mildew, as well as the characteristics of long-term high soil humidity and poor aeration before and after the typhoon season, the roots were treated by irrigation with ozone nano-bubble water. During the critical period, the canopy area was sprayed for control and treatment. After a period of treatment, comprehensive control of root rot and fruit diseases was achieved, with significant results.

[0072] According to a second aspect of this application, an electronic device is also provided. The electronic device is capable of executing the orchard pest and disease control methods described in the various embodiments above. The principles and schemes of the control methods are as described above in conjunction with the various embodiments and accompanying drawings, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] According to a third aspect of this application, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program is stored. When executed by a processor, the computer program is implemented to perform the orchard pest and disease control method provided in the above embodiments. The control method includes: acquiring target characteristic data of a target orchard, the target characteristic data including soil characteristic data and disease characteristic data of the target orchard; dividing the target orchard into multiple target areas according to a predetermined division strategy; for each target area, determining a control index based on the target characteristic data corresponding to the target area; determining an ozone nanocontrol strategy corresponding to each target area based on the control index corresponding to each target area; and performing control treatment on the target orchard according to the ozone nanocontrol strategy. The principle and scheme of the control method are described above in conjunction with the various embodiments and accompanying drawings, and will not be repeated here.

[0074] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the orchard pest and disease control methods provided by the above methods. The control method includes: acquiring target characteristic data of a target orchard, the target characteristic data including soil characteristic data and disease characteristic data of the target orchard; dividing the target orchard into multiple target areas according to a predetermined division strategy; determining control indicators for each target area based on the target characteristic data corresponding to the target area; determining an ozone nanocontrol strategy corresponding to each target area based on the control indicators corresponding to each target area; and controlling and treating the target orchard according to the ozone nanocontrol strategy. The principle and scheme of the control method are described above in conjunction with various embodiments and accompanying drawings, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0076] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0078] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0079] In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up" and "down" are generally used in relation to the direction shown in the accompanying drawings, or in relation to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" are generally used in relation to the left and right shown in the accompanying drawings; "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this application.

[0080] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope described in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling pests and diseases in orchards, characterized in that, include: Acquire target characteristic data of the target orchard, including soil characteristic data and disease characteristic data of the target orchard; The target orchard is divided into multiple target areas according to a predetermined division strategy; For each target area, prevention and control indicators for the target area are determined based on the target feature data corresponding to the target area; Based on the prevention and control indicators corresponding to each target area, determine the ozone nano-control strategy corresponding to each target area; as well as, The target orchard was treated and controlled according to the ozone nanotechnology control strategy.

2. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil characteristic data includes soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial community characteristics, and the disease characteristic data includes the disease and pest spectrum characteristics corresponding to the target orchard.

3. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the prevention and control indicators of the target area based on the target feature data corresponding to the target area includes: Based on the characteristics of the disease and pest spectrum, the soil physicochemical properties, and the characteristics of the soil microbial community, the disease type and disease severity in the target area are determined; The soil control standards for the target area are determined based on the aforementioned soil physicochemical properties. Based on the characteristics of the soil microbial community, determine the colony influence data of the target area; The control indicators include the disease type, the disease severity, the soil control standards, and the colony influence data.

4. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The disease types include root zone disease types, crown zone disease types, and root zone-crown zone synergistic disease types.

5. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the ozone nano-control strategy for each target area based on the control indicators corresponding to each target area includes: For each target area of ​​the target orchard, the control facilities to be adopted are determined based on the disease type corresponding to the target area; Based on the disease severity, soil control standards, and colony influence data corresponding to the target area, determine the irrigation water volume per plant, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in the water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied per application for the target area.

6. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control and treatment of the target orchard according to the ozone nanotechnology control strategy includes: Based on the irrigation water volume per tree, the concentration of ozone nano-irrigation in the water, the irrigation frequency, and the amount of fertilizer and pesticide applied per application, the corresponding control facilities are controlled to carry out control and treatment on the target orchard. In the process of prevention and treatment, root zone disease prevention and treatment is carried out first, and crown zone disease prevention and treatment is carried out after the first predetermined duration of root zone disease prevention and treatment is completed.

7. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Root zone disease control and treatment should be implemented in the target orchard during the early budding stage, the vigorous root development stage, or the continuous cropping obstacle stage, while canopy zone disease control and treatment should be implemented during the high-risk period of disease infection.

8. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control facilities used for the root zone disease types are root zone irrigation facilities, and the control facilities used for the crown zone disease types are crown zone spraying facilities. The spray pressure of the canopy area spraying facility is 0.5 MPa to 1.2 MPa, and the spray particle size is 50 μm to 150 μm.

9. The orchard pest and disease control method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The prevention and control methods also include: After the target orchard is treated and controlled, the tree growth data and soil characteristic data of the target orchard are acquired at second predetermined intervals. For each target area, new prevention and control indicators are determined based on the fruit tree growth data and soil characteristic data corresponding to the target area; Based on the new prevention and control indicators corresponding to each target area, a new ozone nanotechnology prevention and control strategy is determined accordingly; and... The target orchard will undergo another round of control and treatment based on the new ozone nanocontrol strategy.

10. The orchard pest and disease control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fruit tree growth data includes the fruit tree disease index, fruit tree yield, fruit quality grade, and fruit pesticide residue.

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