A fast-growing and disease-resistant sea perch aquaculture method

Abstract

The application provides a fast-growing and disease-resistant and stress-resistant sea perch breeding method, and the method is organically combined with technical means such as fry strengthening treatment, breeding pond composite substrate pretreatment, stage feeding and sound wave light irradiation synergistic domestication, water quality dynamic regulation and salinity alternate domestication, and a triple protection system of external environment purification, internal immune enhancement and stress resistance directional domestication is constructed; the survival rate of sea perch fry, the growth speed, the growth cycle, the disease incidence and the feed coefficient are effectively improved; the application is simple to operate and does not need complex equipment, is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in coastal areas of China, and has important significance for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the sea perch breeding industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to a method for farming sea bass that grows rapidly and is resistant to disease and stress. Background Technology

[0002] sea ​​bass ( Lateolabrax japonicus Sea bass, also known as spotted sea bass or seven-star sea bass, is one of my country's important marine aquaculture fish species. Its flesh is delicious and nutritious, rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids, and various minerals, making it popular with consumers both domestically and internationally. In recent years, with the continuous growth of market demand, my country's sea bass aquaculture industry has developed rapidly. However, the current sea bass farming industry still faces many pressing technical challenges: sea bass fry exhibit strong stress responses and are extremely sensitive to environmental changes. Under traditional farming methods, the survival rate of fry is typically only 60%-70%, and it fluctuates significantly due to factors such as weather and water quality, severely restricting the expansion of farming scale and the improvement of farming efficiency. High-density intensive farming leads to the deterioration of the aquatic environment, resulting in frequent outbreaks of diseases such as vibriosis, Edwardsiella pneumoniae, and parasitic diseases. The extensive use of antibiotics during the farming process not only leads to drug residues and bacterial resistance but also seriously affects product quality and safety and export trade. Sea bass have unique feeding habits, and traditional timed feeding methods result in significant feed waste, with feed conversion ratios typically exceeding 1.8, and feed costs accounting for more than 60% of the total farming cost.

[0003] While there are some reports on sea bass farming methods in the existing technology, such as improving water quality by planting aquatic plants and introducing filter-feeding fish in the breeding ponds, and enhancing the disease resistance of sea bass by adding traditional Chinese medicine extracts to the feed, most of these existing technologies only focus on improving a single aspect and lack systematic farming technology solutions. In particular, they lack effective seedling domestication and immune enhancement technologies, and do not consider the synergistic effects between various technical aspects. Therefore, they cannot fundamentally solve the problems of slow growth rate and poor disease resistance and stress resistance of sea bass. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for farming sea bass with fast growth rate and disease and stress resistance, thereby solving the above problems.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is achieved as follows: a method for farming sea bass with fast growth rate and disease and stress resistance, comprising the following steps: S1. Fry strengthening treatment: Soak sea bass fry in strengthening solution for 30-60 minutes; S2. Pretreatment of aquaculture ponds: Lay a composite substrate at the bottom of the aquaculture pond, inoculate with a composite microbial agent, and then introduce seawater to cultivate the water until the transparency is 30-40cm. S3. Staged feeding and sound wave acclimatization: Feed sea bass with different formulas of fortified feed according to their growth stages, 3-6 times a day, with a feeding amount of 3-10% of the fish's body weight. Before feeding each day, perform light treatment and sound wave acclimatization at the same time. S4. Dynamic water quality control: Real-time monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and COD indicators; application of compound microbial agents to the aquaculture water every 7-10 days, while simultaneously carrying out alternating salinity acclimatization.

[0006] Further, the fortifying solution in step S1 contains 10-20 mg of fucoidan, 5-10 mg of zinc methionine, and 1-5 × 10 mg of lycine per liter. 6 Aqueous solution of CFU / Lactococcus lactis.

[0007] Furthermore, the composite matrix mentioned in step S2 is composed of shell powder, maifanite, and biochar in a mass ratio of 3~5:1~2:1, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​8~15cm.

[0008] Further, the compound microbial agent in step S2, by weight, consists of the following live bacteria components: 25-35 parts of *Lactobacillus bakerella*, 15-20 parts of *Rhodopseudomonas palustris*, and 3-8 parts of *Bacillus subtilis*, with a total live bacteria count ≥ 2 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g, the inoculum amount of the compound microbial agent is 50~100g / m³. 3 .

[0009] Furthermore, the phased feeding described in step S3 specifically includes: Seedling stage: Body length 2-10cm, feed seedling-enhanced feed 4-5 times a day, the amount of feed is 7-10% of the fish's body weight; Fry stage: When the fish reaches a length of 10-20cm, feed them with fortified fry feed 3-4 times a day, with the amount of feed being 5-7% of the fish's body weight; Adult stage: When the fish is over 20cm in length, feed it adult-grade fortified feed 2-3 times a day, with the amount of feed being 3-5% of the fish's body weight.

[0010] Furthermore, the seedling fortified feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 35-40 parts white fish meal, 8-12 parts shrimp meal, 5-8 parts squid viscera meal, 6-10 parts fermented soybean meal, 3-5 parts wheat gluten, 7-9 parts deep-sea fish oil, 2-4 parts soybean lecithin, 1-2 parts flaxseed oil, and 0.2-0.8 parts compound immune enhancer; The fortified feed for fish fry includes the following ingredients in parts by weight: 28-32 parts white fish meal, 5-8 parts shrimp meal, 3-5 parts squid viscera meal, 12-16 parts fermented soybean meal, 5-8 parts peanut meal, 2-4 parts wheat gluten, 5-7 parts deep-sea fish oil, 1-3 parts soybean lecithin, 2-3 parts soybean oil, 1-2 parts rapeseed oil, and 0.4-1.0 parts compound immune enhancer. The fortified feed for fish during the growing season comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-24 parts fish meal, 8-12 parts fish fillet meal, 18-22 parts fermented soybean meal, 6-10 parts peanut meal, 4-6 parts cottonseed meal, 2-3 parts wheat gluten, 3-5 parts deep-sea fish oil, 3-4 parts soybean oil, 1-2 parts rapeseed oil, and 0.8-1.5 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0011] Furthermore, the compound immune enhancer comprises, by weight, 0.05-0.1 parts chlorogenic acid, 0.1-0.2 parts laver polysaccharide, 0.02-0.05 parts astragalus polysaccharide, 2-5 parts zinc methionine, and 8-15 parts Clostridium butyricum powder.

[0012] Further, the light treatment described in step S3 involves turning on red and blue light 0.5 to 1 hour before daily feeding, with a light intensity of 600 to 1000 lx, while simultaneously playing low-frequency pulsed sound waves with a frequency of 100 to 300 Hz underwater. After 10 to 12 minutes, the sound pressure level increases to 130 dB, the red light intensity increases to 1100-1300 lx, and the blue light intensity decreases to 400-600 lx. After 1 to 3 minutes, the sound pressure level and red and blue light intensity return to their initial values. This process is repeated 2 to 4 times, followed by 8 to 12 minutes of silence. After the silence period, the blue light is turned off, and the system is kept in full red light before feeding.

[0013] Furthermore, the water quality indicators mentioned in step S4 are controlled as follows: water temperature 23-28℃, dissolved oxygen ≥6mg / L, pH value 7.5-8.5, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.2mg / L, nitrite ≤0.1mg / L, and COD ≤15mg / L.

[0014] Furthermore, the salinity alternation acclimatization described in step S4 is carried out every 5 to 8 days in natural seawater with a salinity of 25-32‰. The salinity is gradually reduced from the natural seawater salinity to 12-18‰ within 24 hours, maintained for 40-50 hours, and then restored to the original seawater salinity within 24 hours. During the salinization process, 0.5-1.0 g / m³ of salinity is added simultaneously. 3 Magnesium phosphate of vitamin C.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention utilizes a synergistic treatment technology involving brown algae oligosaccharides, zinc methionine, and Lactococcus lactis to enhance the fry's non-specific immune system in the early stages of fry development, thereby strengthening intestinal barrier function and stress resistance. Simultaneously, combined with pretreatment of the composite substrate in the rearing pond and the creation of a stable aquatic environment using composite microbial agents, the survival rate of sea bass fry reaches over 90%, significantly reducing the risk of fry loss in the early stages of rearing.

[0016] 2. This invention employs a phased, precise feeding technique, designing specialized fortified feeds based on the nutritional needs of sea bass at different growth stages to meet their rapid growth requirements. Simultaneously, it utilizes a synergistic sound and light acclimatization technique, leveraging the sea bass's phototaxis and auditory characteristics to establish stable feeding conditioned reflexes, significantly improving feeding efficiency. Furthermore, the alternating salinity acclimatization technique can moderately stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and thyroid hormone, further accelerating growth.

[0017] 3. This invention employs an aquaculture method that combines external environmental purification, internal immune enhancement, and targeted stress resistance training. First, an external process uses a composite matrix and composite microbial agents to create a stable aquatic microecological balance, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria and degrading harmful substances. Internally, a composite immune enhancer continuously stimulates the immune system, increasing the activity of immune enzymes such as serum lysozyme and superoxide dismutase. Alternating salinity training enhances the sea bass's adaptability to environmental changes. This reduces disease incidence, virtually eliminating the need for antibiotics, effectively solving the problem of drug residues in aquaculture, and ensuring product quality and safety.

[0018] 4. The acoustic and light-based acclimatization technology of this invention enables sea bass to feed more efficiently and rapidly, significantly reducing feed waste caused by feed sinking to the bottom of the pond. Simultaneously, the phased precision feeding technology and compound immune enhancer improve the efficiency of nutrient digestion and absorption. The feed conversion ratio is reduced to approximately 1.5.

[0019] 5. The salinity alternation acclimatization technology of this invention activates the osmolarity regulation mechanism of sea bass, improving its adaptability to salinity fluctuations. Simultaneously, the fry strengthening treatment and compound immune enhancer enhance the overall stress resistance of the fish. This enables sea bass to better cope with environmental changes caused by extreme weather such as heavy rain, typhoons, and seasonal transitions, significantly reducing economic losses caused by stress-induced mortality. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0023] The *Lactococcus lactis* in this embodiment of the invention were purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), accession number CCTCC AB2019193; *Lactobacillus bakerella* was purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), accession number CCTCC LB 2008041; *Rhodopseudomonas palustris* was purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), accession number CCTCC DB 20082501; *Bacillus subtilis* was purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), accession number CCTCC AB 2022277; and *Clostridium butyricum* was purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), accession number CCTCC AB 2017089.

[0024] Example 1 A method for farming sea bass that produces fast-growing and disease- and stress-resistant fish includes the following steps: S1. Fry Enhancement Treatment: Healthy sea bass fry with a body length of 2-3 cm are immersed in an enhancement solution for 45 minutes; the enhancement solution contains 15 mg of fucoidan, 7.5 mg of zinc methionine, and 3 × 10 mg of zinc per liter. 6 Aqueous solution of CFU (caffeine lactococcus).

[0025] S2. Pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: A composite substrate with a thickness of 12cm is laid at the bottom of the aquaculture pond; the composite substrate is composed of shell powder, maifanite, and biochar in a mass ratio of 4:1.5:1; after inoculating with a composite microbial agent, seawater is introduced and the water is cultivated until the transparency reaches 35cm; the composite microbial agent, by weight, consists of the following live bacteria components: 30 parts of Lactobacillus bakerii, 17.5 parts of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and 5.5 parts of Bacillus subtilis, with a total live bacteria count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g, inoculum size 75g / m² 3 .

[0026] S3. Staged feeding and sound wave acclimatization: Seedling stage (body length 2-10cm): Feed seedling-enhanced feed 5 times a day, with the amount being 8.5% of the fish's body weight; the seedling-enhanced feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 37.5 parts white fish meal, 10 parts shrimp meal, 6.5 parts squid viscera meal, 8 parts fermented soybean meal, 4 parts wheat gluten, 8 parts deep-sea fish oil, 3 parts soybean lecithin, 1.5 parts flaxseed oil, and 0.5 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0027] Fingerling stage (body length 10-20cm): Feed fingerling-enhanced feed 4 times a day, at a rate of 6% of the fish's body weight; the fingerling-enhanced feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 30 parts white fish meal, 6.5 parts shrimp meal, 4 parts squid viscera meal, 14 parts fermented soybean meal, 6.5 parts peanut meal, 3 parts wheat gluten, 6 parts deep-sea fish oil, 2 parts soybean lecithin, 2.5 parts soybean oil, 1.5 parts rapeseed oil, and 0.7 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0028] Adult stage (body length over 20cm): Feed adult stage fortified feed 3 times a day, the amount of which is 4% of the fish's body weight; the adult stage fortified feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 22 parts fish meal, 10 parts fish fillet powder, 20 parts fermented soybean meal, 8 parts peanut meal, 5 parts cottonseed meal, 2.5 parts wheat gluten, 4 parts deep-sea fish oil, 3.5 parts soybean oil, 1.5 parts rapeseed oil, and 1.15 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0029] The compound immune enhancer, by weight, comprises 0.075 parts chlorogenic acid, 0.15 parts laver polysaccharide, 0.035 parts astragalus polysaccharide, 3.5 parts zinc methionine, and 11.5 parts Clostridium butyricum powder.

[0030] 45 minutes before daily feeding, turn on the red and blue lights with a light intensity of 800 lx. At the same time, play low-frequency pulsed sound waves at a frequency of 200 Hz underwater. After 11 minutes, the sound pressure level rises to 130 dB, the red light intensity increases to 1200 lx, and the blue light decreases to 500 lx. After 2 minutes, the sound pressure level and red and blue light return to their initial values. Repeat this 3 times, then remain silent for 10 minutes. After the silence ends, turn off the blue light, keep the red light on, and feed the animals immediately.

[0031] S4. Dynamic Water Quality Control: Real-time monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and COD; controlling water temperature at 25℃, dissolved oxygen ≥6mg / L, pH at 8.0, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.2mg / L, nitrite ≤0.1mg / L, and COD ≤15mg / L; applying compound microbial agent to the aquaculture water every 8 days at a rate of 2kg / 667m³. 2 • Water depth of meters; Simultaneously, salinity alternation acclimatization is carried out. In natural seawater with a salinity of 28‰, this is done every 7 days, gradually reducing the salinity to 15‰ within 24 hours, maintaining this level for 45 hours, and then raising it back to 28‰ within 24 hours. During the salinity reduction period, 0.75g / m³ of water is added simultaneously. 3 Magnesium phosphate of vitamin C.

[0032] Example 2 A method for farming sea bass that produces fast-growing and disease- and stress-resistant fish includes the following steps: S1. Fry Enhancement Treatment: Place healthy sea bass fry with a body length of 2-3cm into an enhancement solution and soak for 30 minutes; the enhancement solution contains 10mg of fucoidan, 5mg of zinc methionine, and 1×10 mg of zinc per liter. 6 Aqueous solution of CFU (caffeine lactococcus).

[0033] S2. Pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: A composite substrate with a thickness of 8cm is laid at the bottom of the aquaculture pond; the composite substrate consists of shell powder, maifanite, and biochar in a mass ratio of 3:1:1; after inoculating with a composite microbial agent, seawater is introduced and the water is cultured until the transparency reaches 30cm; the composite microbial agent, by weight, consists of the following live bacteria components: 25 parts of Lactobacillus bakerii, 15 parts of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and 3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, with a total live bacteria count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g, inoculum size 50g / m² 3 .

[0034] S3. Staged feeding and sound wave acclimatization: Seedling stage (body length 2-10cm): Feed seedling-enhanced feed 5 times a day, with the amount being 7% of the fish's body weight; the seedling-enhanced feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 35 parts white fish meal, 8 parts shrimp meal, 5 parts squid viscera meal, 6 parts fermented soybean meal, 3 parts wheat gluten, 7 parts deep-sea fish oil, 2 parts soybean lecithin, 1 part flaxseed oil, and 0.2 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0035] Fry stage (body length 10-20cm): Feed fry-enhanced feed 4 times a day, at a rate of 5% of the fish's body weight; the fry-enhanced feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 28 parts white fish meal, 5 parts shrimp meal, 3 parts squid viscera meal, 12 parts fermented soybean meal, 5 parts peanut meal, 2 parts wheat gluten, 5 parts deep-sea fish oil, 1 part soybean lecithin, 2 parts soybean oil, 1 part rapeseed oil, and 0.4 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0036] Adult stage (body length over 20cm): Feed adult stage fortified feed 3 times a day, the amount of which is 3% of the fish's body weight; the adult stage fortified feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 20 parts fish meal, 8 parts fish fillet powder, 18 parts fermented soybean meal, 6 parts peanut meal, 4 parts cottonseed meal, 2 parts wheat gluten, 3 parts deep-sea fish oil, 3 parts soybean oil, 1 part rapeseed oil, and 0.8 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0037] The compound immune enhancer, by weight, includes 0.05 parts chlorogenic acid, 0.1 parts laver polysaccharide, 0.02 parts astragalus polysaccharide, 2 parts zinc methionine, and 8 parts Clostridium butyricum powder.

[0038] Turn on the red and blue lights 30 minutes before daily feeding, with a light intensity of 600 lx. At the same time, play low-frequency pulsed sound waves at a frequency of 100 Hz underwater. After 10 minutes, the sound pressure level increases to 130 dB, the red light intensity increases to 1100 lx, and the blue light intensity decreases to 400 lx. After 1 minute, the sound pressure level and red and blue light intensity are restored to their initial values. Repeat this process twice, then remain silent for 8 minutes. After the silence period, turn off the blue light, keep the light on at full red, and feed the animals immediately.

[0039] S4. Dynamic Water Quality Control: Real-time monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and COD; controlling water temperature at 23℃, dissolved oxygen ≥6mg / L, pH 7.5, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.2mg / L, nitrite ≤0.1mg / L, and COD ≤15mg / L; applying compound microbial agent to the aquaculture water every 7 days at a rate of 1.5kg / 667m³. 2 The water depth is 1 meter; at the same time, salinity alternation acclimatization is carried out. In natural seawater with a salinity of 25‰, it is carried out once every 5 days. The salinity is gradually reduced to 12‰ within 24 hours, maintained for 40 hours, and then raised back to 25‰ within 24 hours. During the salinity reduction, 0.5g / m³ of vitamin C magnesium phosphate is added simultaneously.

[0040] Example 3 A method for farming sea bass that produces fast-growing and disease- and stress-resistant fish includes the following steps: S1. Fry Enhancement Treatment: Place healthy sea bass fry with a body length of 2-3cm into an enhancement solution and soak for 60 minutes; the enhancement solution is an aqueous solution containing 20mg of brown algae oligosaccharide, 10mg of zinc methionine and 5×10^6 CFU of lactococcus lactis per liter.

[0041] S2. Pretreatment of the aquaculture pond: A composite substrate with a thickness of 15cm is laid at the bottom of the aquaculture pond; the composite substrate is composed of shell powder, maifanite, and biochar in a mass ratio of 5:2:1; after inoculating with a composite microbial agent, seawater is introduced and the water is cultured until the transparency reaches 40cm; the composite microbial agent, by weight, consists of the following live bacteria components: 35 parts of Lactobacillus bakerii, 20 parts of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and 8 parts of Bacillus subtilis, with a total live bacteria count ≥2×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g, inoculum size 100g / m² 3 .

[0042] S3. Staged feeding and sound wave acclimatization: Seedling stage (body length 2-10cm): Feed seedling-enhanced feed 4 times a day, with the amount being 10% of the fish's body weight; the seedling-enhanced feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 40 parts white fish meal, 12 parts shrimp meal, 8 parts squid viscera meal, 10 parts fermented soybean meal, 5 parts wheat gluten, 9 parts deep-sea fish oil, 4 parts soybean lecithin, 2 parts flaxseed oil, and 0.8 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0043] Fingerling stage (body length 10-20cm): Feed fingerling-enhanced feed 3 times a day, at a rate of 7% of the fish's body weight; the fingerling-enhanced feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 32 parts white fish meal, 8 parts shrimp meal, 5 parts squid viscera meal, 16 parts fermented soybean meal, 8 parts peanut meal, 4 parts wheat gluten, 7 parts deep-sea fish oil, 3 parts soybean lecithin, 3 parts soybean oil, 2 parts rapeseed oil, and 1.0 part compound immune enhancer.

[0044] Adult stage (body length over 20cm): Feed adult stage fortified feed twice a day, with the amount being 5% of the fish's body weight; the adult stage fortified feed includes the following ingredients by weight: 24 parts fish meal, 12 parts fish fillet powder, 22 parts fermented soybean meal, 10 parts peanut meal, 6 parts cottonseed meal, 3 parts wheat gluten, 5 parts deep-sea fish oil, 4 parts soybean oil, 2 parts rapeseed oil, and 1.5 parts compound immune enhancer.

[0045] The compound immune enhancer, by weight, includes 0.1 parts chlorogenic acid, 0.2 parts laver polysaccharide, 0.05 parts astragalus polysaccharide, 5 parts zinc methionine, and 15 parts Clostridium butyricum powder.

[0046] Turn on the red and blue lights 60 minutes before daily feeding, with a light intensity of 1000 lx. At the same time, play low-frequency pulsed sound waves at a frequency of 300 Hz underwater. After 12 minutes, the sound pressure level increases to 130 dB, the red light intensity increases to 1300 lx, and the blue light intensity decreases to 600 lx. After 3 minutes, the sound pressure level and red and blue light intensity are restored to their initial values. Repeat this process 4 times, then remain silent for 12 minutes. After the silence period, turn off the blue light, keep the light on at full red, and feed the animals immediately.

[0047] S4. Dynamic Water Quality Control: Real-time monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and COD; controlling water temperature at 28℃, dissolved oxygen ≥6mg / L, pH at 8.5, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.2mg / L, nitrite ≤0.1mg / L, and COD ≤15mg / L; applying compound microbial agent to the aquaculture water every 10 days at a rate of 2.5kg / 667m³. 2 The water depth is [number] meters; simultaneously, salinity alternation acclimatization is carried out. In natural seawater with a salinity of 32‰, this is done every 8 days, gradually reducing the salinity to 18‰ within 24 hours, maintaining this level for 50 hours, and then raising it back to 32‰ within 24 hours. During the salinity reduction period, 1.0 g / m³ of [material / resource] is added. 3 Magnesium phosphate of vitamin C.

[0048] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that traditional aquaculture methods are used, without fish fry strengthening treatment, without laying composite substrate at the bottom of the aquaculture pond, without inoculating with composite microbial agents, using ordinary commercial feed (without adding composite immune enhancers), without sound wave and light acclimatization, and without salinity alternation acclimatization. Other aquaculture conditions (stocking density, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, feeding frequency, etc.) are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in step S1, the fish fry are not subjected to fish fry strengthening treatment, and the fish fry are directly put into the breeding pond. The other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no composite substrate is laid in step S2, and the bottom of the aquaculture pond is a cement bottom. The other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S2 does not involve inoculating with the compound microbial agent, and step S4 does not involve spraying the compound microbial agent into the water. The other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no compound immune enhancer is added to the fortified feed at each stage; the other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S3 does not involve acoustic and light acclimatization; instead, the food is fed directly at set times. The other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 7 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S3 only involves light acclimatization. No sound waves are played; all other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1, and the light acclimatization parameters are identical to those in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 8 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S3 only involves acoustic taming without turning on red and blue light. The other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1, and the acoustic taming parameters are completely consistent with those in Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 9 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that step S4 does not involve alternating salinity acclimatization, and the salinity is kept constant at 28‰. The other steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Aquaculture effect test 1. Experimental Design Experiment location: A sea bass farming base in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Trial period: March 2025 - September 2025 (6 months in total) Experimental groups: 12 groups in total, with 3 parallel ponds in each group, and each pond having an area of ​​20m². 2 The water is 1.5m deep. Seedlings: Healthy sea bass fry, 2-3 cm in length, hatched from the same batch, stocked at a density of 3000 fry per group (stocking density 100 fry / m²). 3 ) Testing indicators: survival rate, average body weight, breeding cycle, disease incidence, feed conversion ratio, serum lysozyme activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.

[0058] 2. Experimental Results:

[0059] 3. Results Analysis: By comparing the examples with Comparative Example 1, this invention, through a system integration technology of external environmental purification, internal immune enhancement, and stress-resistant targeted domestication, solves the problems of traditional aquaculture models, such as the lack of systematic environmental control and immune enhancement measures, weak water self-purification capacity, low fish immunity, strong stress response, resulting in low fry survival rate, slow growth rate, frequent disease outbreaks, and low feed utilization. This invention, through the synergy of multiple technologies, fundamentally improves the growth environment and physiological state of sea bass, achieving healthy and efficient aquaculture.

[0060] Compared with Comparative Example 2, the fry enhancement treatment activated the non-specific immune system of fish fry in the early stage through the synergistic effect of fucoidan, zinc methionine and lactococcus lactis, thereby enhancing intestinal barrier function and stress resistance.

[0061] Compared with Comparative Example 3, the composite substrate of the aquaculture pond is composed of shell powder, maifanite and biochar, which can provide a large number of attachment sites for beneficial microorganisms, while adsorbing harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water, stabilizing the pH value of the water, and reducing the occurrence of diseases.

[0062] Compared with Comparative Example 4, the compound microbial agent forms a complete organic matter decomposition and nitrogen conversion chain through the synergistic effect of different functional strains. It can rapidly degrade organic matter such as uneaten food and feces in water, convert harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite into harmless substances, and inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria such as Vibrio through competitive exclusion.

[0063] Compared with Comparative Example 5, the compound immune enhancer, through the synergistic effect of natural plant extracts, trace elements and probiotics, can activate the activity of immune cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes in sea bass, increase the level of immune enzymes such as serum lysozyme and superoxide dismutase, and enhance the non-specific immunity of the fish.

[0064] Compared with Comparative Example 6, the sound wave and light domestication utilizes the phototaxis and auditory characteristics of sea bass. By combining sound waves of specific frequencies with red and blue light, a stable feeding conditioned reflex is established, enabling sea bass to concentrate and feed quickly.

[0065] Compared with Comparative Example 7, this demonstrates that single-light domestication can only utilize the phototaxis of sea bass to attract fish schools, but cannot fully mobilize their auditory system to participate in the establishment of conditioned reflexes. Sea bass are very sensitive to sound waves of specific frequencies, which can travel long distances in the water, allowing all fish in the entire breeding pond to receive feeding signals.

[0066] Compared with Comparative Example 8, this study shows that while single-wave acoustic training can attract fish through sound signals, the lack of light guidance affects the gathering speed and concentration of the fish. The combination of red and blue light not only further attracts fish but also regulates the physiological rhythms of sea bass, promoting the secretion of feeding-related hormones.

[0067] Compared with Comparative Example 9, alternating salinity acclimatization, through periodic salinity changes, activated the osmolarity regulation mechanism of sea bass, increasing the Na+ content in the gill filaments. + / K + - The activity of ATPase is enhanced, improving its ability to adapt to salinity fluctuations. At the same time, moderate salinity stress can promote the secretion of growth hormone and thyroid hormone, accelerate growth, and inhibit the reproduction of parasites such as Trichodina and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for farming sea bass that exhibits rapid growth and disease and stress resistance, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fry strengthening treatment: Soak sea bass fry in strengthening solution for 30-60 minutes; S2. Pretreatment of aquaculture ponds: Lay a composite substrate at the bottom of the aquaculture pond, inoculate with a composite microbial agent, and then introduce seawater to cultivate the water until the transparency is 30-40cm. S3. Staged feeding and sound wave acclimatization: Feed sea bass with different formulas of fortified feed according to their growth stages, 3-6 times a day, with a feeding amount of 3-10% of the fish's body weight. Before feeding each day, perform light treatment and sound wave acclimatization at the same time. S4. Dynamic water quality control: Real-time monitoring of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and COD indicators; application of compound microbial agents to the aquaculture water every 7-10 days, while simultaneously carrying out alternating salinity acclimatization.

2. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fortifying solution mentioned in step S1 contains 10-20 mg of fucoidan, 5-10 mg of zinc methionine, and 1-5 × 10 mg of zinc per liter. 6 Aqueous solution of CFU / Lactococcus lactis.

3. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite matrix mentioned in step S2 is composed of shell powder, maifanite, and biochar in a mass ratio of 3~5:1~2:1, with a thickness of 8~15cm.

4. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compound microbial agent described in step S2, by weight, consists of the following live bacteria components: 25-35 parts of *Lactobacillus bakerella*, 15-20 parts of *Rhodopseudomonas palustris*, and 3-8 parts of *Bacillus subtilis*, with a total live bacteria count ≥ 2 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g, the inoculum amount of the compound microbial agent is 50~100g / m³. 3 .

5. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phased feeding described in step S3 specifically includes: Seedling stage: Body length 2-10cm, feed seedling-enhanced feed 4-5 times a day, the amount of feed is 7-10% of the fish's body weight; Fry stage: When the fish reaches a length of 10-20cm, feed them with fortified fry feed 3-4 times a day, with the amount of feed being 5-7% of the fish's body weight; Adult stage: When the fish is over 20cm in length, feed it adult-grade fortified feed 2-3 times a day, with the amount of feed being 3-5% of the fish's body weight.

6. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The seedling fortified feed comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 35-40 parts white fish meal, 8-12 parts shrimp meal, 5-8 parts squid viscera meal, 6-10 parts fermented soybean meal, 3-5 parts wheat gluten, 7-9 parts deep-sea fish oil, 2-4 parts soybean lecithin, 1-2 parts flaxseed oil, and 0.2-0.8 parts compound immune enhancer; The fortified feed for fish fry includes the following ingredients in parts by weight: 28-32 parts white fish meal, 5-8 parts shrimp meal, 3-5 parts squid viscera meal, 12-16 parts fermented soybean meal, 5-8 parts peanut meal, 2-4 parts wheat gluten, 5-7 parts deep-sea fish oil, 1-3 parts soybean lecithin, 2-3 parts soybean oil, 1-2 parts rapeseed oil, and 0.4-1.0 parts compound immune enhancer. The fortified feed for fish during the growing season comprises the following ingredients in parts by weight: 20-24 parts fish meal, 8-12 parts fish fillet meal, 18-22 parts fermented soybean meal, 6-10 parts peanut meal, 4-6 parts cottonseed meal, 2-3 parts wheat gluten, 3-5 parts deep-sea fish oil, 3-4 parts soybean oil, 1-2 parts rapeseed oil, and 0.8-1.5 parts compound immune enhancer.

7. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The compound immune enhancer, by weight, includes 0.05-0.1 parts chlorogenic acid, 0.1-0.2 parts laver polysaccharide, 0.02-0.05 parts astragalus polysaccharide, 2-5 parts zinc methionine, and 8-15 parts Clostridium butyricum powder.

8. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lighting treatment described in step S3 involves turning on red and blue lights 0.5 to 1 hour before daily feeding, with a light intensity of 600 to 1000 lx. Simultaneously, low-frequency pulsed sound waves with a frequency of 100 to 300 Hz are played underwater. After 10 to 12 minutes, the sound pressure level increases to 130 dB, the red light intensity increases from 600 to 1000 lx to 1100 to 1300 lx, and the blue light intensity decreases from 600 to 1000 lx to 400 to 600 lx. After 1 to 3 minutes, the sound pressure level and red and blue light intensity are restored to their initial values. This process is repeated 2 to 4 times, followed by 8 to 12 minutes of silence. After the silence period, the blue light is turned off, and the system is kept in full red light before feeding.

9. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality indicators mentioned in step S4 are controlled as follows: water temperature 23~28℃, dissolved oxygen ≥6mg / L, pH value 7.5-8.5, ammonia nitrogen ≤0.2mg / L, nitrite ≤0.1mg / L, and COD ≤15mg / L.

10. The sea bass farming method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The salinity alternation acclimatization described in step S4 is carried out every 5-8 days in natural seawater with a salinity of 25-32‰. The salinity is gradually reduced from the natural seawater salinity to 12-18‰ within 24 hours, maintained for 40-50 hours, and then increased back to the original salinity within 24 hours. During the salinization process, 0.5-1.0 g / m³ of salinity is added simultaneously. 3 Magnesium phosphate of vitamin C.

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