A distillation column integrated device, system, and method for cryogenic rectification separation

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a rectifying column integrated device, system and method for low-temperature rectification separation, and relates to the technical field of low-temperature rectification. In the device, the outer sleeve is fixed in the longitudinal space; each rectifying column module is independently arranged in the outer sleeve; each rectifying column module comprises a vacuum sleeve and a rectifying column assembly arranged in the vacuum sleeve, the rectifying column assembly comprises a plurality of rectifying columns arranged side by side, and each rectifying column is suspended in the vacuum sleeve; and at least part of the rectifying columns in all the rectifying columns are connected in series or parallel. The embodiment of the application solves the support and stress problems of the super-high rectifying column by constructing the integrated architecture of multi-column modularization, multiple modules in the same space, clusterization in different spaces and tower body suspension, and can realize the standardized configuration and large-scale expansion of the rectifying column according to the production capacity demand, and finally realizes the low-cost and large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cryogenic distillation technology, and more specifically, to an integrated distillation column device, system and method for cryogenic distillation separation, which is suitable for the large-scale separation of light stable isotopes (such as hydrogen-2, carbon-13, boron-11, nitrogen-15, oxygen-18, etc.). Background Technology

[0002] In the nuclear industry, medical diagnostics, semiconductors, and other fields, the demand for high-abundance stable isotopes is increasing. However, isotopes (such as hydrogen-1 or hydrogen-2, carbon-12 and carbon-13, boron-10 and boron-11, etc.) have extremely similar chemical properties due to their similar proton numbers but different neutron numbers, making separation extremely difficult. Cryogenic distillation is currently the mainstream method for separating light stable isotopes. Its principle is to utilize the small vapor pressure differences between isotopes: in the distillation column, heavy isotopes (low vapor pressure) tend to accumulate at the bottom of the column, while light isotopes (high vapor pressure) tend to accumulate at the top, achieving separation through countercurrent contact between the gas and liquid phases. The isotope separation coefficient α is extremely close to 1. According to the Finsker equation, the required number of theoretical plates N is inversely proportional to the separation coefficient. This means that the separation efficiency requires thousands or even tens of thousands of plates, and even with high-efficiency packing, the theoretical column height still needs to be hundreds to thousands of meters.

[0003] Traditional distillation columns employ a ground-supported tower structure. Limited by factors such as material strength, wind load, and seismic load, the economically reasonable column height limit is only 60-80 meters. Constructing columns exceeding this height increases costs exponentially. Furthermore, under cryogenic conditions (such as the liquid nitrogen temperature range of 77K), the enormous thermal stress generated by the column's axial contraction (several meters) from room temperature to the operating temperature zone is difficult to effectively eliminate, severely hindering the large-scale production of isotope separation. In addition, cascading multiple columns in the traditional model requires a huge floor space and complex piping, further increasing investment and operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and to provide an integrated device, system and method for distillation column for low temperature distillation separation. By constructing a multi-level extended integrated architecture of "multi-tower modularization, multiple modules in the same space, clustering in different spaces and suspension of the column body", it breaks through the single column height limitation, systematically solves the stress problem, solves the support and stress problem of ultra-high distillation column, and can realize the standardized configuration and large-scale expansion of distillation column according to the capacity demand, and finally realize the low-cost and large-scale production of high abundance isotopes.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an integrated distillation column apparatus for cryogenic distillation separation, comprising: Outer tube; At least two distillation column modules are provided, each independently housed within an outer casing. Each distillation column module includes a vacuum casing and a distillation column assembly housed within the vacuum casing. The distillation column assembly includes several distillation columns arranged in parallel, each suspended within the vacuum casing. At least a portion of all the distillation columns are connected in series and / or in parallel via process pipelines to form a cascade system.

[0006] In the aforementioned implementation process, the distillation column integration device of this application includes an outer casing and at least two independent distillation column modules. Each distillation column module includes a vacuum sleeve and several integrated distillation columns, constructing an integrated architecture of "multi-column modularization and multiple modules in the same space," i.e., a single-point multi-module mode. This allows for the formation of a cascaded system that matches the target capacity and product abundance according to actual needs. The outer casing isolates the external environment, bringing all distillation columns together to meet the demand for a large number of distillation columns at high capacity. All distillation columns are designed as modular units, allowing for systematic configuration of the distillation columns according to production scale, offering excellent practicality and flexibility, while also facilitating installation and maintenance. Each modular unit is independently set up through a vacuum sleeve, which provides a high-vacuum insulation layer, reducing cold loss and maintaining a cryogenic environment to construct the cryogenic operating conditions of the distillation columns. Moreover, each distillation column is installed using a suspended configuration, constructing an integrated "suspended column" structure. This completely solves the height limitation problem of ground-supported columns, breaks through the column height limit, and increases the height limit of each distillation column, enabling ultra-high distillation columns of hundreds or even thousands of meters. This meets the stringent requirements of the theoretical plate number for the separation of light stable isotopes, and also reduces the effects of stress and low-temperature shrinkage. Thus, it solves the support and stress problems of ultra-high distillation columns, ultimately achieving low-cost, large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

[0007] In one possible implementation, in each distillation column module, all distillation columns are suspended inside a vacuum sleeve by at least one fixed plate; the fixed plate is horizontally positioned and fixed to the vacuum sleeve, and the fixed plate has several limiting holes; each distillation column is vertically positioned, and its top or middle is inserted into the corresponding limiting hole and positioned. And / or, the outer casing is fixed to a location that can provide longitudinal space and inserted into the longitudinal space, including a deep well, a mountain, and one of the deep sea or a lake.

[0008] In the above implementation process, the distillation column combination in each distillation column module adopts a specific suspension setting method. All distillation columns can be suspended by a fixing plate. The distillation columns are set vertically, with only the top or middle positioned on the fixing plate. This can make good use of the weight of the distillation column to achieve its installation verticality and meet the verticality requirements of the distillation process.

[0009] The device of this application is installed entirely in a location that can provide vertical space, which can make use of existing locations to achieve overall installation and reduce construction costs; it can also use these locations to provide thermal stability and safety for the device; moreover, it solves the problem of ground space, greatly saves valuable industrial land, and reduces land acquisition costs.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a flexible sealing ring is provided between the limiting hole and the distillation column. The flexible sealing ring is used to absorb the radial shrinkage deformation of the distillation column and maintain a seal under cryogenic conditions. And / or, the edge of the fixing disc extends out of the vacuum sleeve and is fixed to the top of the outer sleeve or the opening position of the longitudinal space of the location for fixing the outer sleeve; And / or, the distillation column includes a condensation zone, a packing zone and a reboiling zone arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with the packing zone inserted into the corresponding limiting hole near the condensation zone, so that the center of gravity of the distillation column is located below the fixed plate.

[0011] In the above process, the flexible sealing ring is used to position the distillation column on the fixed plate, which can effectively solve the stress problem caused by contraction under the cryogenic conditions in the distillation process and maintain high verticality.

[0012] This application utilizes the edge of the fixed plate to stably fix it to the vacuum sleeve, without relying on the external environment. The fixed plate and its internal distillation column can be set up using the vacuum sleeve itself, realizing the independent setting of the distillation column module.

[0013] The distillation column is suspended and positioned near the top in the middle, so that the center of gravity of the distillation column is below the fixed plate, thus effectively utilizing the weight of the distillation column to achieve high verticality.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the ends of two adjacent distillation columns in each distillation column module are connected together by a flexible connector configured to compensate for axial thermal shrinkage deformation of the distillation columns under cryogenic conditions.

[0015] In the above process, the flexible connector can compensate for the axial shrinkage (thermal stress) and operating vibration of the tower body under cryogenic conditions. By using the fixed plate in conjunction with the flexible connector, the problems of equipment self-weight stress and thermal stress under cryogenic conditions are cleverly solved.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the height of each distillation column is 50-500 meters, optionally 200-400 meters; And / or, the verticality deviation of each distillation column is no greater than 1 / 1000.

[0017] In the above-mentioned implementation process, the device of this application transforms the distillation column from a ground-supported structure to an internally suspended structure, which can overcome the limitation of column height, and the height of the distillation column can reach hundreds of meters; through this suspension setting, the verticality requirements of the distillation column can be met by the weight of the equipment itself, thus meeting the process requirements during production.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the distillation column includes a column body, with at least one feed inlet at the top, middle and bottom of the column body along the height direction, and at least one discharge outlet at the top and bottom respectively; And / or, the vacuum sleeve is set vertically, with the bottom of the vacuum sleeve fixed to the outer sleeve and the top extending out of the outer sleeve. The outer sleeve is provided with a vacuum interface and an instrument interface.

[0019] In the above implementation process, the distillation column adopts a unified modular structure. Different stage distillation columns can use different feed ports and discharge ports to meet the working requirements of different stage distillation columns.

[0020] The vacuum sleeve is fixed at the bottom, which facilitates the arrangement and installation of the distillation column module and ensures the overall stability of the distillation column module.

[0021] In one possible implementation, all distillation columns are arranged in a ring array within each vacuum sleeve; And / or, within the outer casing, all distillation column modules are arranged in a ring array.

[0022] In the above implementation process, the distillation columns in this application are arranged in a ring array to maximize the use of the space in the vacuum sleeve for arranging the distillation columns; the distillation column modules in this application are arranged in a ring array to maximize the use of the space in the outer sleeve for arranging the modules; the above two arrangement methods can jointly achieve the maximum arrangement of the number of distillation columns, thereby significantly reducing the construction cost.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an integrated system for low-temperature distillation separation, which includes at least two integrated distillation tower devices provided in the first aspect. Each integrated distillation tower device is fixed in a different longitudinal space at a location. The distillation towers of different integrated distillation tower devices are connected together in series and / or in parallel through process pipelines across the longitudinal space to form a spatial group cascade system.

[0024] In the above implementation process, a combination scheme of multiple distillation column integrated units is provided. The system can be designed according to different production scale requirements. By constructing a multi-level expansion integrated architecture of "multi-tower modularization, multiple modules in the same space, and clustering in different spaces", the construction cost and production capacity can be matched. It has high practicality and flexibility, and ultimately realizes low-cost, large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an integrated method for distillation columns used in cryogenic distillation separation, comprising the following steps: Based on the abundance and production capacity requirements of the target isotope product, determine the total number of distillation columns required; based on the total number of distillation columns required, form the distillation column integration device provided by the first aspect or the distillation column integration system provided by the second aspect, and divide all distillation columns into at least three-stage distillation column combinations, with each stage of distillation column combination including a certain number of distillation columns. All distillation columns in each distillation column assembly are connected in parallel, and then the distillation column assemblies at each stage are connected in series in ascending order from the feed gas end to the product gas end. The isotope feed gas is introduced into the first-stage distillation column assembly. After stage-by-stage distillation and separation, a high-abundance isotope product is obtained from the outlet of the last-stage distillation column assembly.

[0026] In the above implementation process, a general method is provided for the design and production of equipment / systems based on different production requirements (abundance and capacity requirements) of the target isotope products. During production, all distillation columns need to be divided to form a multi-stage distillation column combination to meet the needs of large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

[0027] In one possible implementation, when dividing the distillation columns, the number of distillation columns in the progressively increasing distillation column combination decreases sequentially, and the number ratio matches the design throughput ratio of each distillation column combination.

[0028] In the above process, we adapt to the production patterns of the target isotope products and increase the production rate. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated distillation column device provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the distillation column assembly in the distillation column module; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated distillation column device provided in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated distillation column device provided in Embodiment 3 of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0031] Icons: 110-Outer casing; 120-Distillation column module; 121-Vacuum casing; 122-Distillation column; 123-Fixed plate; 124-Flexible sealing ring; 125-Flexible connector; 001-Deep well. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0037] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] The tallest known distillation column in current technology does not exceed 60-70 meters. The fundamental reason for this height limitation is that the mechanical strength and stability of self-supporting column structures face severe challenges once the height exceeds 100 meters. Factors such as the column's own weight, wind load, seismic load, and thermal stress cause the construction cost of traditional ground-based towers to increase exponentially with height. In addition, when cryogenic distillation columns are cooled to their operating temperature (such as the liquid nitrogen temperature range) after installation at room temperature, they will experience significant axial shrinkage (up to several meters). The interaction between this thermal shrinkage and the surrounding environment is also a technical challenge that must be considered in the design.

[0040] Researchers have proposed installing distillation columns within vertical shafts, using suspension to overcome height limitations. However, this method relies on the shaft to support the columns, suspending them at the shaft opening, thus limiting the overall installation location. Furthermore, existing solutions primarily focus on the installation and thermal compensation of single or a few columns, lacking comprehensive consideration of systemic issues such as well cluster layouts for different production scales and column combinations, parametric design of the well structure, and safety protection. Specifically, existing technologies fail to address the following systemic problems: 1) How to efficiently arrange dozens or even hundreds of distillation columns within a single deep well to achieve economies of scale; 2) How to achieve modular manufacturing, transportation, and rapid installation of distillation columns; 3) How to flexibly configure and cascade a large number of distillation columns according to capacity and abundance requirements; 4) How to construct clustered production systems across different deep wells. These systemic problems limit the industrial application of this technological approach.

[0041] Based on this, this application proposes an integrated distillation column device and system for the separation of light stable isotopes. By constructing a multi-level extended integrated architecture of "multi-column modularization, multiple modules in the same space, clustering in different spaces, and column suspension", it provides a systematic solution for the separation and production of isotopes with different abundances and capacities. Moreover, each distillation column module can be installed independently, and the location of the entire device is not limited.

[0042] The following is a detailed description of the integrated distillation column apparatus, system, and method for cryogenic distillation separation according to embodiments of this application.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-7 This application provides an integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation, including an outer tube 110 and at least two distillation column modules 120, each distillation column module 120 being independently disposed within the outer tube 110; each distillation column module 120 includes a vacuum sleeve 121 and a distillation column assembly disposed within the vacuum sleeve 121, the distillation column assembly including a plurality of distillation columns 122 arranged in parallel, each distillation column 122 being suspended within the vacuum sleeve 121; wherein, at least a portion of all distillation columns 122 are connected together in series and / or parallel via process pipelines to form a cascade system matching target capacity and product abundance.

[0044] In this embodiment, the distillation column integration device of this application includes an outer casing 110 and at least two independent distillation column modules 120. Each distillation column module 120 includes a vacuum sleeve 121 and several integrated distillation columns, constructing an integrated architecture of "multi-column modularization and multiple modules in the same space," i.e., a single-point multi-module mode, which can form a cascaded system matching the target capacity and product abundance according to actual needs. The outer casing 110 is used to isolate the external environment and gather all distillation columns 122 together to meet the demand of high capacity for a large number of distillation columns 122; and all distillation columns 122 are designed as modular units, which can be systematically configured according to the production scale, with very good practicality and flexibility, while facilitating the installation and maintenance of distillation columns 122; each modular unit is independently set through the vacuum sleeve 121, which provides a high-vacuum insulation layer to reduce cold loss and maintain a cryogenic environment to construct the cryogenic operating conditions of the distillation column 122. Moreover, each distillation column 122 is installed using a suspended configuration, constructing an integrated "suspended column" structure. This completely solves the height limitation problem of ground-supported column frames, breaks through the column height limit, and increases the height limit of each distillation column 122. It can achieve ultra-high distillation columns 122 of hundreds or even thousands of meters, meeting the stringent requirements of theoretical plate number for the separation of light stable isotopes. It can also reduce the effects of stress and low-temperature shrinkage, thereby solving the support and stress problems of ultra-high distillation columns, and ultimately achieving low-cost, large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the outer sleeve 110 is fixed to a location that can provide longitudinal space and inserted into the longitudinal space, including a deep well 001, a mountain, and one of the deep sea and lakes.

[0046] In this application, "deep well 001" usually refers to a deep well or vertical shaft structure formed by artificial excavation, and its longitudinal space refers to the space inside the well; "mountain" usually refers to a mountain with an internal cavity, and the internal cavity is the longitudinal space; "deep sea" and "lake" usually refer to naturally formed pits, and their longitudinal space refers to the space inside the pit.

[0047] It should be noted that the distillation column module 120 in this application is directly fixed to the outer tube 110. Each distillation column module 120 can be installed independently. Therefore, the installation location of the whole device is not limited to locations such as deep well 001, but can be any other location that can provide longitudinal space and allow the outer tube 110 to be fixed.

[0048] In this embodiment, the device of this application is installed entirely on a location that can provide longitudinal space, which can make use of existing locations to achieve overall installation and reduce construction costs; it can also use these locations to provide thermal stability and safety for the device; moreover, it solves the problem of ground space, greatly saves valuable industrial land, and reduces land acquisition costs.

[0049] In one implementation method, the integrated distillation column is installed attached to deep well 001, with the outer casing 110 fixed to deep well 001. Deep well 001 provides physical support and environmental isolation. By constructing an integrated architecture of "multi-tower modularization and single-well multi-module," low-cost, large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes is achieved. This implementation method has the following advantages: Overcoming height limitations: Utilizing underground space, the height of distillation column 122 can be increased to 500 meters or even higher, fully meeting the stringent requirements for the number of theoretical plates in the separation of light stable isotopes. Simplified engineering design: The use of suspended support fundamentally solves the complex stress problems caused by the self-weight pressure of the column and thermal expansion and contraction, simplifying the design of the column and support structure. Saving ground space: Placing the ultra-high column underground requires only the wellhead area on the ground, with a land occupation area of ​​less than one percent of that of traditional ground-based towers. Improved thermal stability: The constant underground environmental temperature is conducive to stable distillation operation. Enhanced Safety: The well wall provides all-around protection for the tower, effectively resisting external loads such as wind and earthquakes; simultaneously, the well itself acts as a secondary safety shell, preventing the spread of harmful substances in the event of a leak. Reduced Construction Costs: Compared to ground-based steel frame structures of the same height, the material and construction costs of using Deep Well 001 for support are significantly reduced, resulting in a clear economic advantage. Facilitates Modular Construction: Deep Well 001 can be constructed in sections using a shaft boring machine, and the distillation tower 122 can be assembled using modular hoisting, ensuring a controllable construction period and guaranteed quality.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the vacuum sleeve 121 is vertically arranged, with its bottom fixed to the outer sleeve 110 and its top extending out of the outer sleeve 110. The outer sleeve 110 is provided with a vacuum interface and an instrument interface.

[0051] In this embodiment, the bottom of the vacuum sleeve 121 is fixedly installed, which facilitates the arrangement and installation of the distillation column module 120 and also ensures the overall stability of the distillation column module 120.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the height of each distillation column 122 is 50-500 meters, optionally 200-400 meters. As one embodiment, the height of each distillation column 122 is approximately 200 meters, and several (e.g., six) distillation columns 122 are connected in series to achieve the superposition of low-temperature distillation heights, thereby meeting capacity requirements.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the verticality deviation of each distillation column 122 is no greater than 1 / 1000.

[0054] In this embodiment, the device of this application transforms the distillation column 122 from a ground-supported structure to an internally suspended structure, which can overcome the limitation of column height, and the height of the distillation column 122 can reach hundreds of meters. Through this suspension method, the verticality requirements of the distillation column 122 can be met by the weight of the equipment, which satisfies the process matching during low-temperature distillation production, has good insulation effect, and has little mechanical impact caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, all distillation columns 122 are arranged in a ring array within each vacuum sleeve 121. All distillation column modules 120 are arranged in a ring array within the outer sleeve 110.

[0056] In this embodiment, the distillation column 122 in this application is arranged in a ring array to maximize the use of the space in the vacuum sleeve 121 to arrange the distillation column 122; the distillation column module 120 in this application is arranged in a ring array to maximize the use of the space in the outer sleeve 110 to arrange the module; the above two arrangement methods can jointly achieve the maximum arrangement of the number of distillation columns 122, thereby significantly reducing the construction cost.

[0057] In one implementation, the distillation column integration device is attached to the deep well 001. The outer casing 110 is fixed inside the deep well 001 along the longitudinal space of the deep well 001. The distillation column modules 120 are arranged in a ring array inside the outer casing 110. Multiple distillation columns 122 in the distillation column assembly are arranged in a ring array inside the vacuum casing 121. This mode can maximize the use of limited underground space and achieve a doubling of single-well production capacity.

[0058] Please combine Figure 3In some embodiments of this application, in each distillation column module 120, all distillation columns 122 are suspended in the vacuum sleeve 121 by at least one fixing plate 123; the fixing plate 123 is horizontally arranged and fixed to the vacuum sleeve 121, the fixing plate 123 has a plurality of limiting holes, each distillation column 122 is vertically arranged, and its top or middle is inserted into the corresponding limiting hole and positioned.

[0059] In this embodiment, the distillation column assembly in each distillation column module 120 adopts a specific suspension method. All distillation columns 122 can be suspended by the fixing plate 123. The distillation column 122 is vertically arranged, with only the top or middle positioned on the fixing plate 123. This can make good use of the self-weight of the distillation column 122 to achieve its installation verticality and meet the verticality requirements of the distillation process.

[0060] In some embodiments of this application, the edge of the fixing plate 123 extends out of the vacuum sleeve 121 and is positioned at an opening in the longitudinal space of the top of the outer sleeve 110 or the location for fixing the outer sleeve 110. As one embodiment, the installation location is a deep well 001, and the fixing plate 123 is fixed to the wellhead of the deep well 001.

[0061] In this embodiment, the fixed plate 123 extends outward to be stably fixed to the vacuum sleeve 121, without relying on the external environment. The fixed plate 123 and its internal distillation column 122 can be set up by the vacuum sleeve 121 itself, so as to realize the independent setting of the distillation column module 120.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, a flexible sealing ring 124 is provided between the limiting hole and the distillation column 122. The flexible sealing ring 124 is used to absorb the radial shrinkage deformation of the distillation column 122 and maintain a seal under cryogenic conditions.

[0063] In this embodiment, the flexible sealing ring 124 is used to position the distillation column 122 on the fixed plate 123, which can effectively solve the stress problem caused by radial contraction under cryogenic conditions in the distillation process and maintain high verticality.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, in each distillation column module 120, the ends of two adjacent distillation columns 122 are connected together by a flexible connector 125, which is configured to compensate for the axial thermal shrinkage deformation of the distillation column 122 under cryogenic conditions.

[0065] In this embodiment, the flexible connector 125 can compensate for the axial shrinkage (thermal stress) and operating vibration of the tower body under cryogenic conditions. By using the fixed plate 123 in conjunction with the flexible connector 125, the problems of equipment self-weight stress and thermal stress under cryogenic conditions are cleverly solved.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the distillation column 122 includes a condensation zone, a packing zone, and a reboiling zone arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The packing zone is inserted into a corresponding limiting hole near the condensation zone, so that the center of gravity of the distillation column 122 is located below the fixed plate.

[0067] In this embodiment, the distillation column 122 is suspended and positioned near the top of the middle section, so that the center of gravity of the distillation column 122 is located below the fixed plate 123, thereby effectively utilizing the weight of the distillation column 122 to achieve high verticality.

[0068] In this embodiment, a condenser is installed in the condensation zone at the top of the distillation column 122, a reboiler is installed in the reboiling zone at the bottom, and the packing zone in the middle is designed as a column section. The column body adopts a segmented design for easy transportation and installation. The packing zone is filled with packing material and gas-liquid distributors are installed at intervals, which can effectively reduce the deviation of gas-liquid two-phase flow caused by the excessive length of the distillation column 122, ensure gas-liquid contact efficiency, maintain stable separation effect throughout the column, and thus improve the separation effect.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, the distillation column 122 includes a column body, with at least one feed inlet at the top, middle and bottom of the column body along the height direction, and at least one discharge outlet at the top and bottom.

[0070] In this embodiment, the distillation column 122 adopts a unified modular structure. Different stage distillation columns 122 can utilize different inlet and outlet ports to meet the operational requirements of different stage distillation columns 122. All distillation columns 122 are of standard structure, which can meet the needs of different inlet and outlet positions (upper, middle, and lower) in each distillation column 122 when different requirements arise. This distillation column 122 is placed in a vacuum environment. The distillation column 122 generally has a middle end inlet, with light components exiting from the top and heavy components exiting from the bottom. This is equivalent to a distillation column 122 having three material lines, with the bottom and middle lines running upwards along the column. For C13 and C12 separation, the target product is a heavy component, and the series connection is such that the bottom outlet of one column is used as the inlet line for the next stage column. For Boron 10 and Boron 11 separation, if the target product is Boron 11, the material from the top of the column is required, which is equivalent to the top outlet of one column being connected to the middle inlet line of another next stage column.

[0071] This application also provides a distillation column integration system for cryogenic distillation separation, which includes at least two distillation column integration devices as described in the above embodiments. Each distillation column integration device is fixed in a different longitudinal space at a location. The distillation columns 122 of different distillation column integration devices are connected together in series and / or in parallel through process pipelines across the longitudinal space to form a spatial group cascade system.

[0072] In this application, each distillation column integrated unit is fixed in different longitudinal spaces at the same location or different locations, making each distillation column integrated unit geographically separated and independent. For example, each distillation column integrated unit is fixed in a deep well 001, and is fixed in a different deep well 001, or each distillation column integrated unit is fixed in the deep sea, and is fixed in a different location.

[0073] In this embodiment, a combination scheme of multiple distillation column integrated devices is provided, namely a multi-point and multi-module mode. The system can be designed according to different production scale requirements. By constructing a multi-level expansion integrated architecture of "multi-tower modularization, multiple modules in the same space, and clustering in different spaces", the construction cost and production capacity can be matched. It has high practicality and flexibility, and ultimately realizes low-cost and large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

[0074] As one implementation method, the distillation column integration system is attached to the deep well 001. Distillation column integration devices are set up in different deep wells 001. Through the three-level expansion mode of "multi-column modularization, single-well multi-module, and inter-well clustering", a seamless connection from laboratory-level to industrial-level production can be achieved.

[0075] This application also provides an integrated method for distillation columns in cryogenic distillation separation, which includes the following steps: Based on the abundance and production capacity requirements of the target isotope product, determine the total number of distillation columns required; based on the total number of distillation columns required, form the distillation column integration device or the distillation column integration system of the aforementioned embodiment, and divide all distillation columns 122 into at least three-stage distillation column combinations, each stage of the distillation column combination including a portion of the distillation columns 122. All distillation columns 122 in each stage of the distillation column assembly are connected in parallel, and then the distillation column assemblies of each stage are connected in series in ascending order from the feed gas end to the product gas end. Specifically, the feed and discharge lines of the same stage of the distillation column assembly are connected in parallel to increase the discharge material by multiple times. For example, connecting three first-stage columns in parallel is equivalent to increasing the discharge flow rate by 3 times.

[0076] The isotope feed gas is introduced into the first-stage distillation column assembly. After stage-by-stage distillation and separation, a high-abundance isotope product is obtained from the outlet of the last-stage distillation column assembly.

[0077] In this embodiment, a general method is provided for the design and production of equipment / systems that can be carried out according to different production scale requirements. Users can flexibly choose the design scheme according to the investment scale, output target and process characteristics. During production, all distillation columns 122 need to be divided to form a multi-stage distillation column combination to meet the low-cost, large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes.

[0078] In some embodiments of this application, when dividing the distillation column 122, the number of distillation columns 122 in the progressively increasing distillation column combination decreases sequentially, and the ratio of the number of distillation columns 122 in the progressively increasing distillation column combination matches the design processing flow rate ratio of each level of distillation column combination.

[0079] In this embodiment, the number of each distillation column 122 is allocated according to the variation law of the isotope cryogenic distillation classification rate in order to maximize the overall production rate.

[0080] In one implementation, the distillation column 122 is divided into a three-stage distillation column combination, with the number of distillation columns 122 decreasing sequentially in the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage distillation column combinations. For example, 24 distillation columns 122 are divided into: a first-stage distillation column combination consisting of 10 distillation columns 122 + a second-stage distillation column combination consisting of 8 distillation columns 122 + a third-stage distillation column combination consisting of 6 distillation columns 122, in order to match the stage rate of the cryogenic distillation column.

[0081] In actual production, for the separation of C13 with a capacity of 500 kg, the fractionation rate needs to meet 20:6:1. Therefore, the number of fractionation distillation columns that meets this fractionation rate can improve the overall efficiency and capacity. Specifically, all distillation columns 122 can be divided into three stages, with the number of columns in each stage being 18, 6, and 1 respectively. For the separation of Boron-10 with a capacity of 10 t, the fractionation rate needs to meet 60:30:6. Therefore, the number of fractionation distillation columns that meets this fractionation rate can improve the overall efficiency and capacity.

[0082] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0083] Example 1 This embodiment provides an integrated distillation column device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the integrated distillation column device is attached to the deep well 001 and includes an outer tube 110 and four distillation column modules 120. The outer tube 110 is fixed inside the deep well 001, and each distillation column module 120 is independently arranged inside the outer tube 110 in a ring array as shown in the figure. Each distillation column module 120 includes a vacuum sleeve 121 and a distillation column assembly disposed inside the vacuum sleeve 121. The distillation column assembly includes six distillation columns 122 arranged in parallel in a ring array. The bottom of the vacuum sleeve 121 is fixed to the outer tube 110, and the distillation column 122 is suspended in the corresponding vacuum sleeve 121 by a fixing plate 123.

[0084] In this embodiment, four distillation column modules 120 are set in a deep well 001, totaling 24 distillation columns 122. The height of each distillation column 122 is 300 meters, and the verticality deviation of each distillation column 122 is no greater than 1 / 1000.

[0085] Example 2 This embodiment provides an integrated distillation column device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the integrated distillation column device is attached to the deep well 001 and includes an outer tube 110 and three distillation column modules 120. The outer tube 110 is fixed inside the deep well 001, and each distillation column module 120 is independently arranged inside the outer tube 110 in a ring array as shown in the figure. Each distillation column module 120 includes a vacuum sleeve 121 and a distillation column assembly arranged inside the vacuum sleeve 121. The distillation column assembly includes six distillation columns 122 arranged in a ring array. The bottom of the vacuum sleeve 121 is fixed to the outer tube 110, and the distillation column 122 is suspended in the corresponding vacuum sleeve 121 by a fixing plate 123.

[0086] In this embodiment, three distillation column modules 120 are set in a deep well 001, totaling 18 distillation columns 122. The height of each distillation column 122 is 400 meters, and the verticality deviation of each distillation column 122 is no greater than 1 / 1000.

[0087] Example 3 This embodiment provides an integrated distillation column device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the integrated distillation column device is attached to the deep well 001 and includes an outer tube 110 and seven distillation column modules 120. The outer tube 110 is fixed inside the deep well 001, and each distillation column module 120 is independently arranged inside the outer tube 110 in a ring array as shown in the figure. Each distillation column module 120 includes a vacuum sleeve 121 and a distillation column assembly disposed inside the vacuum sleeve 121. The distillation column assembly includes six distillation columns 122 arranged in parallel in a ring array. The bottom of the vacuum sleeve 121 is fixed to the outer tube 110, and the distillation column 122 is suspended in the corresponding vacuum sleeve 121 by a fixing plate 123.

[0088] In this embodiment, seven distillation column modules 120 are set in a deep well 001, totaling 42 distillation columns 122. The height of each distillation column 122 is 200 meters, and the verticality deviation of each distillation column 122 is no greater than 1 / 1000.

[0089] In summary, the integrated distillation column device, system, and method for cryogenic distillation separation in the embodiments of this application can systematically configure the distillation columns according to production capacity requirements, and the height limit of each distillation column is increased, stress problems are reduced, and large-scale production of high-abundance isotopes is realized.

[0090] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation, characterized in that, include: Outer tube; At least two distillation column modules are provided, each of which is independently disposed within the outer sleeve. Each distillation column module includes a vacuum sleeve and a distillation column assembly disposed within the vacuum sleeve. The distillation column assembly includes a plurality of distillation columns arranged in parallel, each of which is suspended within the vacuum sleeve. At least a portion of all the distillation columns are connected in series and / or in parallel via process pipelines to form a cascade system.

2. The integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the distillation column modules, all the distillation columns are suspended inside the vacuum sleeve by at least one fixed plate; the fixed plate is horizontally arranged and fixed to the vacuum sleeve, and the fixed plate has several limiting holes; each distillation column is vertically arranged, and its top or middle is inserted into the corresponding limiting hole and positioned. And / or, the outer sleeve is fixed to a location that can provide longitudinal space and inserted into the longitudinal space, the location including a deep well, a mountain, and one of the deep sea and a lake.

3. The integrated distillation column device for low-temperature distillation separation according to claim 2, characterized in that, A flexible sealing ring is provided between the limiting hole and the distillation column. The flexible sealing ring is used to absorb the radial shrinkage deformation of the distillation column and maintain a seal under cryogenic conditions. And / or, the edge of the fixing disc extends out of the vacuum sleeve and is fixed to the top of the outer sleeve or to an opening in the longitudinal space of the location for fixing the outer sleeve; And / or, the distillation column includes a condensation zone, a packing zone and a reboiling zone arranged sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the packing zone is inserted into the corresponding limiting hole near the condensation zone, so that the center of gravity of the distillation column is located below the fixed plate.

4. The integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, In each of the distillation column modules, the ends of two adjacent distillation columns are connected together by a flexible connector configured to compensate for axial thermal shrinkage deformation of the distillation column under cryogenic conditions.

5. The integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The height of each distillation column is 50-500 meters, optionally 200-400 meters; And / or, the verticality deviation of each of the distillation columns is no greater than 1 / 1000.

6. The integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distillation column includes a column body, and the column body is provided with at least one feed inlet at the top, middle and bottom along the height direction, and at least one discharge outlet at the top and bottom respectively; And / or, the vacuum sleeve is vertically arranged, the bottom of the vacuum sleeve is fixed to the outer sleeve, the top of the vacuum sleeve extends out of the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve is provided with a vacuum interface and an instrument interface.

7. The integrated distillation column device for cryogenic distillation separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within each of the vacuum sleeves, all the distillation columns are arranged in a ring array. And / or, within the outer casing, all the distillation column modules are arranged in a ring array.

8. An integrated system for distillation columns used in cryogenic distillation separation, characterized in that, It includes at least two sets of distillation column integration devices as described in any one of claims 1-7, each of the distillation column integration devices being fixed in different longitudinal spaces at a location, and the distillation columns of the different distillation column integration devices being connected together in series and / or in parallel through process pipelines across the longitudinal space to form a spatial group cascade system.

9. A method for integrating distillation columns for cryogenic distillation separation, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Based on the abundance and production capacity requirements of the target isotope product, determine the total number of distillation columns required; based on the total number of distillation columns required, form a distillation column integrated device as described in claim 1 or a distillation column integrated system as described in claim 8, and divide all distillation columns into at least three-stage distillation column combinations, each stage of the distillation column combination including a portion of the distillation columns. All the distillation columns in each distillation column assembly are connected in parallel, and then the distillation column assemblies of each stage are connected in series in ascending order from the feed gas end to the product gas end. The isotope feed gas is introduced into the first-stage distillation column assembly. After stage-by-stage distillation and separation, a high-abundance isotope product is obtained from the outlet of the last-stage distillation column assembly.

10. The method for integrating distillation columns for cryogenic distillation separation according to claim 9, characterized in that, When dividing the distillation columns, the number of distillation columns in the progressively increasing distillation column combination decreases sequentially, and the number ratio matches the design throughput ratio of each distillation column combination.

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