A clean feed fermentation exhaust gas treatment device and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and discloses a clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device and method, which comprises a spray tower, a liquid flow guide assembly and a spray plate are arranged in the spray tower; an inclined flow guide plate is arranged below the spray plate in the spray tower, a plurality of flow guide pipes are arranged on the inclined flow guide plate, the bottom end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the gas inlet of the inclined flow guide plate, and the top end of the flow guide pipe is connected with a gas injection pipe through a flow distribution sleeve; a gas-liquid barrier structure is arranged in the middle of the flow guide pipe, and a liquid film generating assembly is arranged outside the flow guide pipe; the liquid film generating assembly is used for collecting spray liquid and forming a liquid film, and guiding the liquid film to impact the gas-liquid barrier structure; the present application has the beneficial effect that the spray liquid is converted into a directional liquid film by the liquid film generating assembly, so that the waste gas is fully contacted with the liquid film after passing through the gas-liquid barrier structure, and the waste gas is subjected to secondary flushing after the contact, thereby significantly improving the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and the waste gas purification rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste gas treatment technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for treating waste gas from clean feed fermentation. Background Technology

[0002] During the production of clean feed, the fermentation process generates a large amount of waste gas. This type of waste gas has the following typical characteristics: first, it has a high temperature and high humidity; second, it contains pollutants such as ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs); and third, it carries a certain amount of dust and sticky biomass. If it is discharged directly without effective treatment, it will have an adverse impact on the atmospheric environment and the health of surrounding residents. Currently, common treatment technologies for fermentation waste gas mainly include spray tower absorption, bio-trickling filtration, and activated carbon adsorption. Among them, spray towers are the most widely used due to their relatively simple structure and convenient operation and maintenance. Traditional spray towers usually adopt an empty tower spraying method: waste gas enters from the bottom of the tower and flows upward, while the spray liquid is sprayed downward through atomizing nozzles at the top of the tower. The gas and liquid phases are in direct contact inside the tower, and pollutants in the waste gas are transferred to the liquid phase through mass transfer. However, traditional spray towers have the following shortcomings in practical applications: The atomized droplets have a short residence time inside the tower, and the pollutants in the exhaust gas are carried out by the airflow before they are fully dissolved or absorbed, making it difficult to further improve the treatment efficiency. This is especially true when treating high-concentration or poorly soluble pollutants, where the effect is even more limited. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the problem in existing technologies where the residence time of atomized droplets within the tower is short, resulting in pollutants in the exhaust gas being carried out by the airflow before they are fully dissolved or absorbed, thus limiting the improvement of treatment efficiency, especially when treating high-concentration or poorly soluble pollutants. The invention proposes the following technical solution: A clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device includes a spray tower, wherein the spray tower is provided with a liquid guiding component and a spray plate; Inside the spray tower, below the spray plate, there is an inclined guide plate. The inclined guide plate is provided with several guide pipes. The bottom end of the guide pipe is connected to the air inlet of the inclined guide plate, and the top end is connected to the jet pipe through a split sleeve. The middle part of the guide tube is provided with a gas-liquid barrier structure, and the outside of the guide tube is provided with a liquid film generating component. The liquid film generating component is used to collect the spray liquid and form a liquid film, and guide the liquid film to rush towards the gas-liquid barrier structure. The outside of the guide pipe is also provided with a dynamic drainage component, which includes a barrier ring, a lightweight piston slidably disposed in the barrier ring, and a telescopic component connected to the lightweight piston, for automatically adjusting the drainage gap according to the liquid film volume.

[0004] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the liquid film generating assembly includes a collecting plate fixed to the outside of the guide tube, a drain pipe installed at the bottom of the collecting plate, a guide plate connected to the drain pipe, an inclined plate disposed inside the guide plate, and an elastic metal sheet fixed to the top of the inclined plate.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the inclined plate is in the shape of a right triangle, and the inclined surface of the inclined plate faces the gas-liquid barrier structure.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the top of the lightweight piston is chamfered.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the dynamic drainage assembly further includes a movable plate fixed to the bottom of a lightweight piston, and the telescopic component is connected between the movable plate and the outer surface of the guide pipe.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the telescopic component is a spring or an elastic telescopic rod.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the liquid guiding assembly includes a mounting frame, a liquid pump, and a water pipe. The water pipe is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the liquid pump is connected to the spray plate through a pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the gas-liquid barrier structure is composed of a fixing ring and a waterproof and breathable membrane, and can be detachably installed in the groove of the guide pipe.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for using a clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Activate the liquid guiding component and spray plates to spray cleaning fluid into the spray tower; Step 2: The spray liquid forms a liquid film through the liquid film generating component and rushes towards the gas-liquid barrier structure; Step 3: The exhaust gas enters the guide pipe from the air inlet of the inclined guide plate, passes through the gas-liquid barrier structure and comes into contact with the liquid film for cleaning, and then returns to the top through the diversion sleeve and jet pipe to come into contact with the spray liquid a second time. Step 4: The liquid film enters the dynamic drainage component, pushing the lightweight piston to move against the elastic force of the telescopic component, increasing the drainage gap, and the cleaning liquid flows out along the gap and converges along the inclined guide plate to the return pipe for discharge; A method for using a clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device: when the spray liquid is uneven, the elastic metal sheet bends to different degrees due to different loads, adjusting the liquid film thickness, thereby changing the scouring force and drainage flow of the gas-liquid barrier structure.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The spray liquid is converted into a directional flow liquid film through the liquid film generation component, so that the waste gas can fully contact the liquid film after passing through the gas-liquid barrier structure, which significantly improves the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and waste gas purification rate. (2) The dynamic drainage component uses the gravity of the liquid film itself to drive the lightweight piston to move and automatically adjusts the drainage gap according to the amount of liquid film to achieve passive adaptive drainage and avoid liquid accumulation or leakage of waste gas from the drain outlet. (3) The bending degree of the elastic metal sheet changes with the uneven distribution of the spray liquid, automatically adjusting the thickness of the liquid film so that the scouring force of the liquid film on the gas-liquid barrier structure matches the drainage flow rate, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the device operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device in Example 1; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic structural diagram of a clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to Example 1 from another perspective. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the gas multiple processing assembly in Example 1; Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the guide vane in Embodiment 1; Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the inclined plate in Embodiment 1; Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the movable plate in Embodiment 1.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Spray tower; 2. Liquid flow guiding assembly; 3. Spray plate; 4. Inclined guide plate; 5. Gas multi-processing assembly; 51. Guide pipe; 52. Column; 53. Gathering plate; 54. Diverting sleeve; 55. Drain pipe; 56. Drain plate; 57. Inclined plate; 58. Elastic metal sheet; 59. Groove; 510. Gas-liquid barrier structure; 511. Barrier ring; 512. Groove; 513. Lightweight piston; 514. Moving plate; 515. Telescopic component; 516. Connecting pipe; 517. Jet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0016] Example 1 This invention provides a device for treating waste gas from feed fermentation, such as... Figures 1 to 6As shown, the system includes a spray tower 1, which contains a liquid guiding assembly 2 and a spray plate 3. An inclined guide plate 4 is located below the spray plate 3 inside the spray tower 1. Several guide pipes 51 are mounted on the inclined guide plate 4. The bottom end of each guide pipe 51 is connected to the air inlet of the inclined guide plate 4, and the top end is connected to a jet pipe 517 via a diverter sleeve 54. A gas-liquid barrier structure 510 is located in the middle of each guide pipe 51. A liquid film generating assembly is located outside each guide pipe 51 to collect the spray liquid and form a liquid film, guiding the liquid film towards the gas-liquid barrier structure 510. A dynamic drainage assembly is also located outside each guide pipe 51. This dynamic drainage assembly includes a barrier ring 511, a lightweight piston 513 slidably disposed within the barrier ring 511, and a telescopic member 515 connecting the lightweight piston 513, used to automatically adjust the drainage gap according to the liquid film volume. When in use, start the liquid diversion component 2, the liquid pump draws the cleaning liquid from the external water source, and delivers it to the spray plate 3 through the pipeline. The spray plate 3 sprays the cleaning liquid evenly onto the inside of the spray tower 1. During the fall of the spray liquid, it is first collected by the collecting plate 53 at the top of the guide pipe 51. The collecting plate 53 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer surface of the guide pipe 51. The same column 52 connects the top of the outer surface of the guide pipe 51 and the middle of the bottom of the collecting plate 53. A drain pipe 55 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the collecting plate 53. A guide plate 56 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drain pipe 55. The collected spray liquid enters the guide plate 56 along the drain pipe 55 at the bottom of the collecting plate 53. An inclined plate 57 is fixed inside the guide plate 56. An elastic metal sheet 58 is fixedly installed on the top edge of the inclined plate 57 to form a liquid film generating component. The spray liquid flows along the inclined plate 57 under the action of gravity and forms a uniform and continuous liquid film under the guidance of the elastic metal sheet 58. The liquid film flows towards the gas-liquid barrier structure 510. Meanwhile, the exhaust gas inside the spray tower 1 enters the bottom of the guide pipe 51 from the air inlet of the inclined guide plate 4 under the action of pressure difference, flows upward and passes through the gas-liquid barrier structure 510. The gas-liquid barrier structure 510 is composed of a fixed ring and a waterproof and breathable membrane, which allows exhaust gas to pass through but prevents liquid penetration. An inclined guide plate 4 is installed inside the spray tower 1 below the spray plate 3. The top of the inclined guide plate 4 is on an inclined surface. A return pipe is embedded at the lowest point of the inclined surface of the inclined guide plate 4 inside the spray tower 1. Several guide pipes 51 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the top of the inclined guide plate 4. An air inlet is opened inside the inclined guide plate 4 corresponding to the bottom end of the guide pipe 51. A groove 59 is opened in the middle of the outer surface of the guide pipe 51. The gas-liquid barrier structure 510 is detachably installed on the guide pipe. At the location of the flow pipe 51, the outlet end of the flow pipe 51 is connected to a diversion sleeve 54. Multiple connecting pipes 516 are circumferentially embedded in the diversion sleeve 54, and the multiple connecting pipes 516 are connected to the same jet pipe 517. When the exhaust gas passes through the gas-liquid barrier structure 510, it comes into full contact with the oncoming liquid film. The pollutants in the exhaust gas are absorbed or captured by the liquid film, completing the first cleaning. The cleaned gas continues to enter the diversion sleeve 54, and after being diverted by the multiple connecting pipes 516, it is sprayed out from the jet pipe 517. The jet pipe 517 is located at the top inside the collecting plate 53, and the gas outlet direction is towards the center point of the collecting plate 53. Therefore, the gas is guided to the area above the collecting plate 53 and comes into secondary contact with the spray liquid newly sprayed by the spray plate 3, further improving the purification effect. After the liquid film washes over the surface of the gas-liquid barrier structure 510, it flows downward along its outer side. A portion of the liquid film enters the groove 512 of the barrier ring 511. The barrier ring 511 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the guide pipe 51 and located outside the slot 59. A groove 512 is provided at the bottom of its inner wall. A lightweight piston 513 is vertically slidably connected in the groove 512. A chamfer is provided at the top of the lightweight piston 513. The chamfer structure facilitates the smooth entry of the liquid film into the groove 512, reduces the obstruction caused by the surface tension of the liquid, improves the smoothness of drainage, and avoids sharp corners from scratching the operator. A movable plate 514 is fixed at the bottom of the lightweight piston 513. A telescopic component 515 (such as a spring or elastic telescopic rod) is connected between the movable plate 514 and the bottom of the outer surface of the guide pipe 51. The spring or elastic telescopic rod is low in cost and highly reliable. It can provide a stable reset force, and springs of different stiffness can be selected according to the required drainage pressure, which facilitates the adjustment of the device's sensitivity. In the initial state, the elasticity of the telescopic member 515 keeps the lightweight piston 513 and the barrier ring 511 in a small gap or sealed contact to prevent exhaust gas from leaking from the slot 59. When the liquid film flows into the groove 512, the gravity and flow pressure of the liquid will squeeze the lightweight piston 513, causing it to move downward, overcoming the elasticity of the telescopic member 515, thereby increasing the drainage gap between the lightweight piston 513 and the barrier ring 511. The larger the liquid film volume, the more the lightweight piston 513 moves down, and the larger the drainage gap, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of drainage flow according to the liquid film volume. After the cleaning liquid flows out along the gap, it converges at the lowest point along the inclined top of the inclined guide plate 4 and is finally discharged from the spray tower 1 through the return pipe. When the spraying liquid from the spray plate 3 is uneven, the liquid volume in different areas of the collecting plate 53 is different, resulting in differences in the amount of liquid entering different guide plates 56. When the liquid volume is large, the elastic metal sheet 58 bears more liquid weight and bends more, resulting in a thicker liquid film and a faster flow rate. When the liquid volume is small, the elastic metal sheet 58 bends less and the liquid film is thinner. This adaptive adjustment ensures that even if the spraying is uneven, the liquid film thickness at each guide pipe 51 can still roughly match the amount of exhaust gas passing through that guide pipe. At the same time, it changes the scouring force and drainage flow of the gas-liquid barrier structure 510, ensuring the stability of the overall treatment effect.

[0017] By setting up a liquid film generating component, the traditional spray liquid atomization contact is transformed into directional liquid film flow contact, which greatly increases the gas-liquid contact area and contact time, thereby improving the waste gas purification efficiency. At the same time, the dynamic drainage component uses the gravity of the liquid film itself to drive the lightweight piston 513 to move, and can automatically adjust the drainage gap without additional power. This ensures that the liquid film can be discharged in time and prevents waste gas from leaking from the drain outlet, solving the problem of mutual interference between the drain outlet and the gas path in the traditional spray tower 1. The gas-liquid barrier structure 510 separates the waste gas channel from the liquid film channel, ensuring that the waste gas must pass through the liquid film to continue to rise, avoiding waste gas short circuit. Therefore, it achieves the comprehensive beneficial effects of efficient gas-liquid contact, adaptive drainage, and prevention of waste gas leakage.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, the liquid film generating assembly includes a collecting plate 53 fixed to the outside of the guide tube 51, a drain tube 55 installed at the bottom of the collecting plate 53, a guide plate 56 communicating with the drain tube 55, an inclined plate 57 disposed in the guide plate 56, and an elastic metal sheet 58 fixed to the top of the inclined plate 57. The collecting plate 53 can collect the spray liquid and transport it downwards naturally by gravity. The drain pipe 55 and the guide plate 56 guide the liquid to form a thin layer of flow. The inclined plate 57 provides an inclined surface, and the elastic metal sheet 58 serves as a flexible guide edge. Together, they form a stable and controllable liquid film. The structure is simple and requires no additional energy consumption. The inclined plate 57 is in the shape of a right triangle, and the inclined surface faces the gas-liquid barrier structure 510; The inclined surface of the right triangle allows the liquid film to flow towards the gas-liquid barrier structure 510 under the action of gravity, ensuring that the liquid film washes the surface of the waterproof and breathable membrane at a certain speed, playing a self-cleaning role and preventing impurities from depositing and clogging the membrane surface.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a liquid guiding component 2 is installed on the outer wall of the spray tower 1. The liquid guiding component 2 is composed of a mounting frame, a liquid pump and a water pipe. The water pipe is connected to an external water source, the liquid pump is connected to the water pipe, and the outlet end of the liquid pump is connected to a spray plate 3 through a pipe. The spray plate 3 is fixedly installed inside the spray tower 1. The specific components of the liquid guiding component were clearly defined, enabling a stable supply and circulation of the spray liquid. The mounting bracket facilitates fixation, the liquid pump provides power, the water pipe connects to the water source, and the overall structure is standardized, making it easy to manufacture and maintain.

[0020] Example 2: The present invention also provides a method for using a clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Activate the liquid guiding component 2 and spray plate 3 to spray cleaning liquid into the spray tower 1; Step 2: The spray liquid forms a liquid film through the liquid film generating component and flows towards the gas-liquid barrier structure 510; Step 3: The exhaust gas enters the guide pipe 51 from the air inlet of the inclined guide plate 4, passes through the gas-liquid barrier structure 510 and comes into contact with the liquid film for cleaning, and then returns to the top through the diversion sleeve 54 and the jet pipe 517 to come into contact with the spray liquid for a second time. Step 4: The liquid film enters the dynamic drainage component, pushing the lightweight piston 513 to move against the elastic force of the telescopic component 515, increasing the drainage gap, and the cleaning liquid flows out along the gap and converges along the inclined guide plate 4 to the return pipe for discharge. As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, when the spray liquid is uneven, the elastic metal sheet 58 bends to different degrees due to different loads, adjusting the thickness of the liquid film, thereby changing the scouring force and drainage flow of the gas-liquid barrier structure 510.

[0021] Working principle: The liquid guiding component 2 draws the cleaning liquid from the outside and delivers it evenly to the spray plate 3. The cleaning liquid is evenly sprayed into the interior of the spray tower 1 through the spray plate 3 and then collected by the collecting plate 53 below. The collected cleaning liquid enters the guide plate 56 along the drain pipe 55. Under the action of the inclined plate 57 and the elastic metal sheet 58 inside the guide plate 56, a continuous liquid film is formed. When the spray plate 3 is clogged with dirt, resulting in uneven spraying, the weight of the cleaning fluid entering the diversion plate 56 will vary regionally. The weight change will change the squeezing force on the elastic metal sheet 58, causing the degree of bending of the elastic metal sheet 58 to change accordingly, resulting in uneven distribution of liquid film thickness. The thicker liquid film area will flow towards the gas-liquid barrier structure 510 with greater force, and while flowing along its outer side, it will flush and clean the surface of the structure. The liquid film continues to flow into the groove 512 of the barrier ring 511, which compresses the lightweight piston 513. After being compressed, the lightweight piston 513 feels heavier, which is actually due to the pressure of the liquid film. This increases the pressure on the moving plate 514. After the pressure on the moving plate 514 increases, it drives the telescopic component 515 to stretch, which increases the gap between the lightweight piston 513 and the barrier ring 511. The cleaning fluid flows out from the enlarged gap, eventually converging at the lowest point along the top of the inclined guide plate 4, and is discharged from the spray tower 1 through the pipe. The exhaust gas inside the spray tower 1 enters the guide pipe 51 through the air inlet on the inclined guide plate 4. The exhaust gas comes into full contact with the liquid film and is cleaned in the guide pipe 51. The purified gas enters the diversion sleeve 54 and the connecting pipe 516 in sequence, and finally exits from the jet pipe 517 and enters the area above the collecting plate 53. In this area, the gas comes into contact with the cleaning liquid sprayed from the spray plate 3 again, achieving secondary purification.

[0022] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A device for treating waste gas from clean feed fermentation, characterized in that, The system includes a spray tower (1), which is equipped with a liquid guiding assembly (2) and a spray plate (3). Inside the spray tower (1), below the spray plate (3), there is an inclined guide plate (4). The inclined guide plate (4) is equipped with several guide pipes (51). The bottom end of the guide pipe (51) is connected to the air inlet of the inclined guide plate (4), and the top end is connected to a jet pipe (517) through a diverter sleeve (54). The middle part of the guide pipe (51) is equipped with a gas-liquid barrier structure (510). The guide pipe (51) is provided with a liquid film generating component outside, which is used to collect spray liquid and form a liquid film, and guide the liquid film to rush towards the gas-liquid barrier structure (510); the guide pipe (51) is also provided with a dynamic drainage component outside, which includes a barrier ring (511), a lightweight piston (513) slidably disposed in the barrier ring (511), and a telescopic component (515) connecting the lightweight piston (513), which is used to automatically adjust the drainage gap according to the amount of liquid film.

2. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid film generating assembly includes a collecting plate (53) fixed to the outside of the guide pipe (51), a drain pipe (55) installed at the bottom of the collecting plate (53), a diversion plate (56) connected to the drain pipe (55), an inclined plate (57) provided in the diversion plate (56), and an elastic metal sheet (58) fixed to the top of the inclined plate (57).

3. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inclined plate (57) is a right triangle in shape, and the inclined surface of the inclined plate (57) faces the gas-liquid barrier structure (510).

4. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lightweight piston (513) has a chamfer at its top.

5. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dynamic drainage assembly also includes a movable plate (514) fixed to the bottom of the lightweight piston (513), and the telescopic member (515) is connected between the movable plate (514) and the outer surface of the guide pipe (51).

6. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The telescopic component (515) is a spring or an elastic telescopic rod.

7. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid guiding component (2) includes a mounting frame, a liquid pump and a water pipe. The water pipe is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the liquid pump is connected to the spray plate (3) through a pipe.

8. The clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The gas-liquid barrier structure (510) is composed of a fixing ring and a waterproof and breathable membrane, and can be detachably installed in the slot (59) of the guide pipe (51).

9. A method of using the clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the liquid guiding component (2) and spray plate (3) to spray cleaning liquid into the spray tower (1); Step 2: The spray liquid forms a liquid film through the liquid film generating component and rushes towards the gas-liquid barrier structure (510). Step 3: The exhaust gas enters the guide pipe (51) through the air inlet of the inclined guide plate (4), passes through the gas-liquid barrier structure (510) and comes into contact with the liquid film for cleaning, and then returns to the top through the diversion sleeve (54) and the jet pipe (517) to come into contact with the spray liquid for a second time. Step 4: The liquid film enters the dynamic drainage assembly, pushing the lightweight piston (513) to overcome the elastic force of the telescopic component (515) and increase the drainage gap. The cleaning liquid flows out along the gap and converges along the inclined guide plate (4) to the return pipe for discharge.

10. The method of using the clean feed fermentation waste gas treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the spray liquid is uneven, the elastic metal sheet (58) bends to different degrees due to different loads, adjusting the thickness of the liquid film, thereby changing the scouring force and drainage flow of the gas-liquid barrier structure (510).

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