An intelligent closed-loop control system for deodorization of waste incineration leachate by spraying

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of garbage incineration percolate spray deodorization intelligent closed-loop control systems, belong to garbage incineration power generation technical field.The percolate collection unit, pretreatment unit, in-situ electrochemical generator, space spraying unit, reflux collection unit and controller are included;The in-situ electrochemical generator uses flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane assembly and asymmetric pulse commutating power supply, with the high-salt percolate of garbage pit analysis as raw material in-situ generates the modified deodorization liquid rich in active chlorine;The controller is deployed with long short-term memory recurrent neural network model, through multimodal sensor network real-time acquisition of foul gas three-dimensional distribution and crane flipping trajectory, predict the space-time parameters of foul gas outbreak and execute pre-injection and hierarchical control.Through the application, it solves the problem that the existing system relies on external fresh water and chemical agents, the toxicity impact of spraying reflux liquid on the back-end biochemical system, and the lack of intelligent precise control based on the dynamic changes of foul odor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an intelligent closed-loop control system for deodorizing leachate spraying from waste incineration, belonging to the field of waste incineration power generation technology. Background Technology

[0002] During the daily operation of waste-to-energy plants, fresh municipal solid waste typically undergoes anaerobic fermentation and gravity dehydration in the waste storage pit for five to seven days to increase its calorific value. During this process, the waste releases high-concentration leachate and large amounts of malodorous gases, primarily hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and various volatile organic compounds. To prevent the odor from spreading outwards from the unloading hall and waste storage pit area, the industry commonly employs a spatial atomization spray deodorization system. This involves installing a spray network above the unloading hall and waste storage pit, using high-pressure nozzles to spray diluted chemical deodorizing agents into the space. The agents remove malodorous molecules through oxidation, absorption, or masking.

[0003] However, in practical engineering applications, this type of spray deodorization system has exposed several insurmountable technical problems. First, the existing system is highly dependent on external resources and requires the continuous consumption of large amounts of clean tap water and commercially produced chemical agents (such as plant extracts and sodium hypochlorite solutions). Since the odor concentration in the waste storage pit is affected by various factors such as waste composition, fermentation time, and turning operations, it fluctuates greatly. The existing system usually lacks the ability to perceive the spatial distribution and dynamic changes of odor in real time. Operators can only rely on manual experience or simple timed control to ensure the deodorization effect by spraying excessively. This extensive open-loop control mode results in a huge unit consumption of fresh water and chemicals, which brings a heavy operating cost burden to the incineration plant.

[0004] Secondly, after completing their deodorization task, the chemical droplets sprayed into the space will eventually fall back to the bottom of the landfill pit due to gravity and flow into the leachate collection system along with the leachate. These residual chemical agents (especially oxidants with broad-spectrum bactericidal capabilities) will enter subsequent biochemical treatment units such as anaerobic digesters and membrane bioreactors with the leachate, exerting a significant toxic inhibitory or even killing effect on functional microorganisms such as methanogens and nitrifying bacteria. This directly undermines the stability of the leachate biochemical treatment system, easily leading to excessive effluent quality, and in severe cases, even causing the collapse of the entire biochemical system, thus triggering a secondary environmental disaster that is more serious than the odor problem.

[0005] Furthermore, due to the lack of effective monitoring methods for the three-dimensional spatial distribution and diffusion trajectory of odorous gases, the system cannot predict the specific location, time, and intensity of odor outbreaks, and can only perform global, constant-intensity spraying. This "flood irrigation" approach results in ineffective waste of reagents in areas with low odor concentrations, while in areas with sudden high-concentration odor outbreaks, insufficient spray dosage may fail to effectively contain the pollution. The system cannot dynamically adjust the spraying strategy according to changes in the actual pollution load, making it difficult to achieve an ideal balance between deodorization efficiency and resource consumption.

[0006] In summary, existing waste incineration spray deodorization systems have significant shortcomings in terms of resource dependence, ecological compatibility, and intelligent control capabilities. How to construct a spray deodorization system that can reduce dependence on external freshwater and chemical agents, avoid toxic impacts on downstream biochemical systems, and can be precisely controlled according to dynamic changes in odor has become a technical challenge for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an intelligent closed-loop control system for deodorization spraying of leachate from waste incineration. This system solves the problems of existing systems relying on external fresh water and chemical agents, the toxic impact of spray return liquid on the downstream biochemical system, and the lack of intelligent and precise control based on dynamic changes in odor.

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0009] A smart closed-loop control system for deodorizing leachate spraying from waste incineration plants includes:

[0010] Leachate collection unit is used to receive high-salt leachate precipitated from the bottom of the waste storage pit;

[0011] The pretreatment unit, whose inlet is connected to the leachate collection unit, is used for solid-liquid separation and fine filtration of the leachate;

[0012] An in-situ electrochemical generator, the inlet of which is connected to the pretreatment unit, includes at least one set of flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components made of conductive metal oxide ceramic porous material, and an asymmetric pulse-commutated power supply electrically connected to the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components. The pore size of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components is configured to be between 300 nm and 800 nm. The asymmetric pulse-commutated power supply is used to output a current waveform including a positive pulse period and a reverse pulse period.

[0013] The spatial spray unit is installed above the waste storage pit and unloading hall, and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the in-situ electrochemical generator.

[0014] A return collection unit is installed at the bottom of the waste storage pit to guide the residual liquid that falls back to the bottom of the storage pit after the spatial spraying is completed back to the leachate collection unit.

[0015] The controller is electrically connected to the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply and the spatial spray unit, respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the electrolysis parameters and spray parameters based on the real-time collected multi-dimensional sensor data.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the in-situ electrochemical generator also includes:

[0017] A stable anode is disposed upstream of or integrated within the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane assembly and contains at least a composite coating of ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide.

[0018] The cathode is disposed opposite to the shape-stable anode;

[0019] The asymmetric pulse commutation power supply causes the cathode to reverse polarity and generate an oxygen evolution reaction during the reverse pulse cycle, thereby dissolving the calcium carbonate scale layer formed on the cathode surface in situ.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that: the controller is configured as follows:

[0021] Real-time acquisition of the cell voltage of the in-situ electrochemical generator;

[0022] When the rate of increase of the slot voltage exceeds the first voltage change threshold, the duty cycle of the reverse pulse period of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is increased.

[0023] When the slot voltage drops below the second voltage change threshold, the duty cycle of the positive pulse period is restored to the initial set value.

[0024] The present invention is further configured to include an ultrasonic generating device, wherein the ultrasonic generating device includes at least a set of piezoelectric ceramic transducers, which are fixed to the outer wall of the in-situ electrochemical generator or immersed in its internal flow channel;

[0025] The controller is configured to start the ultrasonic generator when the duty cycle of the reverse pulse period of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply increases to a preset upper limit and the tank voltage continues to rise, so that the ultrasonic generator operates synchronously with the reverse pulse period.

[0026] The invention is further configured such that: the controller is also configured to:

[0027] Based on the preset target active chlorine concentration and the chloride ion concentration in the leachate, the transmembrane pressure difference of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module is adjusted by a variable frequency pump, so that the effective residence time of the leachate in the electric field region is limited to within milliseconds.

[0028] The anode potential of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module is collected in real time. When the anode potential exceeds the first potential threshold, the transmembrane voltage difference is reduced or the output voltage of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is reduced. When the anode potential is lower than the second potential threshold, the transmembrane voltage difference is increased or the output voltage of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is increased.

[0029] The millisecond-level residence time is set to be less than the reaction time required for hypochlorous acid to be further oxidized to chlorate or perchlorate, the first potential threshold is lower than the chlorate formation initiation potential, and the second potential threshold is higher than the chlorine evolution reaction initiation potential.

[0030] The present invention is further configured to include a bubble generating unit, which is disposed between the in-situ electrochemical generator and the space spraying unit, for forcibly mixing the modified deodorizing liquid output by the in-situ electrochemical generator with clean compressed air in a cyclone cavitation device to generate a bubble carrier liquid with a particle size between 200 nanometers and 50 micrometers.

[0031] The present invention is further configured to include a multimodal sensing network, wherein the multimodal sensing network comprises:

[0032] An infrared gas thermal imaging array is deployed above the waste storage pit and unloading hall to collect the spatial concentration distribution and three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory of odorous gases in real time.

[0033] An oxidation-reduction potential probe is installed in the leachate collection unit and the reflux collection unit to collect the liquid phase oxidation-reduction potential in real time.

[0034] The present invention is further configured such that: the controller includes an edge computing gateway, and the edge computing gateway is deployed with a long short-term memory recurrent neural network model;

[0035] The controller is configured to:

[0036] The spatial concentration distribution of odorous gas and the three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory, as well as the overturning frequency and displacement trajectory of the garbage crane grab bucket, collected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array, are input into the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model to predict the spatiotemporal distribution peak coordinates, diffusion speed and duration of odorous gas concentration within a future preset time window.

[0037] Based on the predicted spatiotemporal distribution peak coordinates, the target nozzle group and target spray angle in the spatial spray unit are determined.

[0038] Based on the predicted diffusion rate and duration, the target current density required for the in-situ electrochemical generator and the target swirling intensity required for the bubble generating unit are calculated.

[0039] A lead time is preset before the predicted odor outbreak time. The in-situ electrochemical generator, the bubble generating unit, and the spatial spraying unit are activated in sequence, so that the spatial spraying unit can complete the pre-spraying coverage of the target area before the odor gas concentration reaches its peak.

[0040] The present invention is further configured such that the controller is also configured to execute the following hierarchical control strategy:

[0041] First control level: When the instantaneous value of the odor concentration detected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array exceeds the first concentration threshold but is lower than the second concentration threshold, the in-situ electrochemical generator is kept running in low power mode, and only the spray angle and spray flow rate of the corresponding area in the space spray unit are adjusted.

[0042] Second control level: When the instantaneous value of odor concentration exceeds the second concentration threshold and the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model predicts that the odor concentration will continue to rise within a preset time window in the future, the current density of the in-situ electrochemical generator is increased to the medium-high range, the bubble generating unit is activated and its swirling intensity is increased, and the spatial spraying unit is driven to spray directionally towards the predicted area.

[0043] The third control level: When the odor concentration in multiple discontinuous areas exceeds the second concentration threshold, the current density of the in-situ electrochemical generator is increased to the peak range, the bubble generating unit is switched to continuous operation mode, and the spatial spraying unit is switched to full-coverage wide-angle spray mode.

[0044] The invention is further configured such that the controller is also configured to execute a fourth control level:

[0045] When the concentration of malodor detected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array is lower than the first concentration threshold for a continuous preset time, the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is switched to the ultra-low frequency pulse commutation standby mode, the bubble generating unit is turned off, and the space spraying unit is switched to the intermittent low flow sustained spray mode.

[0046] In the ultra-low frequency pulse commutation standby mode, the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply outputs commutation pulses with a frequency lower than 0.1Hz, with the positive pulse duty cycle not exceeding 5% and the reverse pulse duty cycle not exceeding 3%.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0048] 1. Using high-salt leachate from the waste storage pit as raw material, a modified deodorizing liquid rich in active chlorine is generated in situ through a flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module. This eliminates the need for clean tap water and purchased deodorizing agents, significantly reducing operating costs and achieving a closed-loop operation of "treating waste with waste".

[0049] 2. By employing conductive metal oxide ceramic porous materials and strictly controlling the membrane pore size between 300 nm and 800 nm, the residence time of leachate within the membrane channels is limited to within milliseconds. Combined with real-time clamping of the anodic potential, the reaction pathway of further oxidation of hypochlorous acid to chlorate or perchlorate is suppressed from both kinetic and thermodynamic perspectives. The formation of toxic byproducts such as perchlorate in the returned liquid after spraying is significantly inhibited. Simultaneously, by precisely controlling the initial active chlorine concentration and spray volume during spatial spraying, it undergoes a depletion-induced redox reaction with the massive reducing substances in the waste and surface leachate during the process of spatial deodorization, settling, and penetrating the waste surface. Utilizing this natural depletion mechanism, it ensures that the residual active chlorine in the returned mixed liquid that finally flows into the leachate collection tank is completely consumed, thereby completely eliminating the ecotoxicological impact on sensitive microorganisms in subsequent anaerobic digesters and membrane bioreactors.

[0050] 3. An asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is employed, causing the cathode polarity to reverse and protons to be generated in situ during the reverse pulse cycle, chemically dissolving scale layers such as calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide. When scaling is severe, an ultrasonic generator can be linked to utilize the micro-jet generated by cavitation effect for physical stripping. This mechanism achieves electrode self-cleaning without adding any chemical pickling agents or stopping the machine, avoiding the decrease in electrolysis efficiency and frequent downtime maintenance caused by scaling.

[0051] 4. The modified deodorizing liquid is forcibly mixed with clean compressed air in a cyclone cavitation device to generate bubble carrier liquid with a particle size between 200 nanometers and 50 micrometers. The bubbles have an ultra-long suspension time, high specific surface area, and negative Zeta potential. Their outer liquid film can actively adsorb and dissolve malodorous molecules in the space. When the bubbles adiabatically collapse inside the droplet or at the gas-liquid interface, the resulting local high temperature and pressure can stimulate strong oxidizing species such as hydroxyl radicals. This enables rapid and synergistic oxidation and deep mineralization of the dissolved or captured stubborn volatile organic compounds within a tiny gas-liquid interface region. This mechanism confines the reaction within the microscopic interface, avoiding the ineffective quenching of free radicals in the macroscopic space, and greatly improving the unit adsorption capacity of a single droplet and the overall deodorization efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 This is the timing diagram of AI prediction and pre-injection control of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the hierarchical control strategy decision-making process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] This application provides an intelligent closed-loop control system for deodorizing leachate spraying from waste incineration. The structure, working principle, and control method of the system are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0056] In the daily operation of waste-to-energy plants, a large amount of fresh municipal solid waste is delivered to the waste storage pit every day. After five to seven days of anaerobic fermentation and gravity dehydration, high-concentration leachate is continuously released. This leachate contains extremely high salt content (conductivity typically between 20 and 35 mS / cm), high concentrations of chloride ions (1500 to 3000 mg / L), and a large amount of calcium and magnesium hardness ions. Simultaneously, the leachate releases massive amounts of malodorous gases during anaerobic fermentation, mainly including hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and various volatile organic compounds. Traditional space spray deodorization systems rely on external water supply and chemical agents, which are not only costly to operate but also toxic and inhibit the subsequent microbial flora.

[0057] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment constructs a fully material closed-loop intelligent control system. It should be clarified that the "fully material closed-loop" described in this invention refers to the absence of external artificial addition of commercial deodorizing agents and clean tap water. During continuous electrolysis operation of the system, chloride ions in the leachate are converted into active chlorine and consumed. However, the fresh waste entering the site for fermentation daily continuously releases fresh leachate rich in chloride ions. This continuous natural replenishment and the system's electrolytic consumption form a dynamic material balance within the macroscopic system of the waste storage pit, ensuring the system's long-term, stable, in-situ production of active chlorine deodorizing liquid.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the system provided in this embodiment includes a leachate collection unit, a pretreatment unit, an in-situ electrochemical generator, a space spraying unit, a reflux collection unit, and a controller, wherein:

[0059] The leachate collection unit is used to receive the high-salt leachate that precipitates from the bottom of the waste storage pit. This collection unit is usually set up as an underground collection tank, which is equipped with a level gauge and a transfer pump to transport the leachate to the subsequent treatment unit.

[0060] The pretreatment unit includes at least: a primary solid-liquid separation device (such as a screen or vibrating screen) for intercepting large suspended solids; and a secondary fine treatment device, selected from one of the following: a circulating side-flow system of a tubular membrane bioreactor (MBR), an integrated coagulation-flotation-filtration system, or a dynamic membrane filtration system. This pretreatment unit is used to reduce the suspended solids (SS) concentration in the leachate to <100 mg / L and significantly reduce the fouling load of dissolved organic matter on the subsequent electrochemical membrane modules. It should be noted that the primary purpose of the pretreatment unit is to protect the electrochemical membrane modules from suspended solids and colloidal fouling, rather than to achieve deep purification of the leachate; the pretreated leachate still retains high concentrations of chloride ions (1500-3000 mg / L) and ammonia nitrogen (1000-3000 mg / L) to meet the needs of subsequent electrolysis to generate active chlorine.

[0061] The inlet of the in-situ electrochemical generator is connected to the pretreatment unit and is used to electrolyze the pretreated leachate to generate a modified deodorizing liquid containing active chlorine.

[0062] The space spray unit is located above the waste storage pit and unloading hall. Its inlet is connected to the outlet of the in-situ electrochemical generator, and the modified deodorizing liquid is transported to the top spray network through high-pressure pipelines.

[0063] The return collection unit is located at the bottom of the waste storage pit and is used to guide the residual liquid that falls back to the bottom of the storage pit after the spatial spraying is completed back to the leachate collection unit, forming a closed loop of all materials.

[0064] The controller is electrically connected to the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply and the spatial spray unit, respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the electrolysis parameters and spray parameters based on the real-time acquired multi-dimensional sensor data. The controller is usually an industrial-grade programmable logic controller or an embedded industrial computer, equipped with analog input / output modules, digital input / output modules and communication interface modules, for acquiring sensor signals and outputting control commands.

[0065] Specifically, the in-situ electrochemical generator includes at least one set of flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components made of conductive metal oxide ceramic porous material, and an asymmetric pulse-commutated power supply electrically connected to the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components, wherein: the conductive metal oxide ceramic porous material refers to a ceramic material with high conductivity (usually greater than 100 S / cm at room temperature), good corrosion resistance, and catalytic selectivity for the chlorine evolution reaction.

[0066] As a preferred option, titanium suboxide can be used, which has an electrical conductivity exceeding 1000 S / cm and extremely high chemical stability in a strongly oxidizing environment. Alternatively, materials with similar electrocatalytic properties, such as antimony-doped tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, or iridium-tantalum oxide-coated ceramics, can also be used. Any conductive metal oxide ceramic that can efficiently generate hypochlorous acid at a low anodic potential and suppress the formation of perchlorate can be used to replace the aforementioned preferred materials.

[0067] The average pore size of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module is configured between 300 nm and 800 nm. This pore size range is selected based on the following considerations: when the pore size is less than 300 nm, the fluid resistance is too high, the transmembrane pressure difference requirement is too high, resulting in a significant increase in pumping energy consumption, and the membrane pores are prone to irreversible blockage; when the pore size is greater than 800 nm, the residence time of the percolate in the membrane channels is too long, and the risk of hypochlorous acid being further oxidized to chlorate or perchlorate in the membrane pores increases significantly. Controlling the pore size within the range of 300 nm to 800 nm can achieve optimal kinetic control while ensuring fluid flux.

[0068] The asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is used to output a current waveform that includes a positive pulse period and a reverse pulse period. The power supply uses a digital signal processor to control an insulated gate bipolar transistor switching array, which can precisely adjust the duty cycle, frequency and amplitude of the positive and reverse pulses. During the positive pulse period, the power supply outputs a positive voltage, causing the anode to undergo a chlorine evolution reaction to generate hypochlorous acid. During the reverse pulse period, the power supply outputs a reverse voltage, causing the electrode polarity to reverse, the cathode to become the anode and an oxygen evolution reaction to occur.

[0069] In the leachate collection unit, the leachate is pressurized by a transfer pump and first enters the pretreatment unit to remove large particulate suspended matter. Then it enters the in-situ electrochemical generator. The leachate flows vertically through the micropores of the titanium dioxide membrane module in a forced convection flow mode. During the membrane penetration process, chloride ions in the leachate lose electrons on the anode surface and are oxidized into chlorine gas. The chlorine gas is rapidly hydrolyzed to generate hypochlorous acid, completing the transformation from high-salt wastewater to deodorant.

[0070] The in-situ electrochemical generator also includes a shape-stabilized anode and a cathode. The shape-stabilized anode is disposed upstream of or integrated within the flow-permeable reactive electrochemical membrane assembly and contains at least a composite coating of ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide. In a specific structure of this embodiment, the shape-stabilized anode is integrated with the flow-permeable reactive electrochemical membrane assembly through coating integration.

[0071] Specifically, the porous membrane module composed of titanium suboxide itself serves as the anode substrate. After the membrane module is sintered, a ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide composite catalytic coating is uniformly coated onto its complex internal pore surface using atomic layer deposition (ALD) or pulsed electrodeposition. The coating thickness is precisely controlled between 10 and 30 nanometers. For membrane pores with an average pore size of 300 nanometers, the total coating thickness on both sides is 20-60 nanometers, still leaving a fluid channel of 240-280 nanometers, ensuring high catalytic activity without causing physical blockage of the membrane pores.

[0072] During continuous operation, the controller continuously monitors the cell voltage of the in-situ electrochemical generator. Cell voltage is a key parameter reflecting the state of the electrode interface. When calcium carbonate scale begins to accumulate on the cathode surface, the ohmic resistance between the electrodes increases, which manifests as a continuous rise in cell voltage under constant current mode. When the rate of increase of the cell voltage exceeds the first voltage change threshold, the controller continuously monitors the cell voltage value V(t) of the in-situ electrochemical generator at a fixed sampling frequency. To accurately determine the scaling trend, the controller calculates the rate of increase of the cell voltage within a sliding time window. The specific calculation formula is: Rate(t) = [V(t) - V(t - ΔT)] / ΔT.

[0073] Wherein, ΔT is the preset time window length, which is 60 seconds in this embodiment; V(t) is the voltage value at the current moment, and V(t-ΔT) is the voltage value 60 seconds ago. The first voltage change threshold is set to 0.05V / min. When Rate(t) calculated for three consecutive sampling cycles (each sampling cycle is 1 second) exceeds 0.05V / min, the controller determines that the scaling rate on the cathode surface is accelerating, and then triggers the instruction to increase the reverse pulse duty cycle.

[0074] When the cell voltage drops below the second voltage change threshold, the duty cycle of the positive pulse cycle is restored to the initial set value. Through this dynamic adjustment mechanism, the system can intervene in time at the beginning of scaling to avoid excessive accumulation of scale and a decrease in electrolysis efficiency.

[0075] For high-hardness leachate conditions, relying solely on reverse pulse chemical dissolution may not be sufficient to completely remove the formed dense scale layer. To address this, this embodiment adds an ultrasonic generator to the in-situ electrochemical generator. The ultrasonic generator includes at least one set of piezoelectric ceramic transducers, which are fixed to the outer wall of the in-situ electrochemical generator or immersed in its internal flow channel. The piezoelectric ceramic transducers are usually made of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramics, and their resonant frequency is set in the low-to-mid frequency range of 20kHz to 80kHz. This frequency range can generate a high-intensity cavitation effect while avoiding damage to the electrode structure.

[0076] For piezoelectric ceramic transducers using an immersion mounting method, a dedicated anti-corrosion and protective encapsulation is installed on the outside of the transducer to prevent corrosion, short circuits, or performance degradation caused by high-salt and highly oxidizing leachates. This encapsulation structure includes an epoxy resin potting layer tightly adhering to the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic transducer, and a protective shell made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA) surrounding the potting layer. The thickness of the acoustic output area of ​​the protective shell in contact with the transducer's working surface does not exceed 1 mm to ensure efficient transmission of ultrasonic energy into the liquid. The connection between the protective shell and the external cable employs a double-sealing structure, including a radial sealing ring and a threaded compression end cap, ensuring that liquid cannot penetrate the internal electrical components under long-term immersion conditions. Ultrasonic transducers using this encapsulation structure can operate stably for extended periods in extreme environments with pH values ​​ranging from 2 to 12 and chloride ion concentrations as high as 5000 mg / L.

[0077] When the duty cycle of the reverse pulse period of the asymmetric pulse-commutated power supply increases to a preset upper limit (e.g., 30% of the forward pulse period) and the tank voltage continues to rise, the controller determines that simple chemical dissolution cannot effectively remove the scale. It then activates the ultrasonic generator, synchronizing its operation with the reverse pulse period. The ultrasonic wave starts at the beginning of the reverse pulse period and stops before it ends. This synchronization aims to synergize the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves with the chemical dissolution effect of the reverse pulses: the acidic microenvironment generated by the reverse pulses first chemically loosens the scale layer, and the high-speed micro-jet and shock waves generated when the ultrasonic cavitation bubbles collapse on the electrode surface peel off and wash away the loosened scale fragments. With this synergistic effect, the scale removal rate on the electrode surface is significantly improved compared to simple reverse pulses, and no significant scale accumulation was observed after 30 days of continuous operation.

[0078] In the electrochemical reaction process, in addition to the problem of cathode scaling, another key technical challenge is the risk of perchlorate generation by anodic peroxidation. The chloride ion concentration in the leachate is extremely high. Under strong mass transfer conditions and excessively high anodic potential, the primary product hypochlorite may be further oxidized into chlorate and perchlorate. Perchlorate has extremely high chemical stability and ecotoxicity. It is difficult to biodegrade in water. After being returned to the leachate collection tank, it will cause irreversible toxic inhibition of microorganisms in the subsequent biological treatment system. Therefore, this embodiment introduces a dual inhibition mechanism in the control strategy of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module.

[0079] The controller adjusts the transmembrane pressure difference of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module through a variable frequency pump based on the preset target active chlorine concentration and the chloride ion concentration in the leachate, so that the effective residence time of the leachate in the electric field area is limited to within milliseconds.

[0080] Specifically, the chloride ion concentration in the leachate is monitored in real time using an online ion chromatograph or a chloride ion selective electrode. The target active chloride concentration is dynamically set according to the odor load of the landfill pit. The controller calculates the theoretical transmembrane flux required to achieve the target active chloride concentration based on the material balance relationship. Then, the transmembrane pressure difference is changed by adjusting the speed of the variable frequency pump to make the actual flux approach the theoretical value. In order to achieve millisecond-level effective residence time, the membrane module is designed as a thin-walled hollow fiber or flat plate configuration, so that its fluid penetration path (i.e., membrane wall thickness) is controlled within 50-200 micrometers. Combined with Darcy's law Q=ΔP·A / (μ·R), the required high-speed transmembrane flow rate is achieved by adjusting the transmembrane pressure difference (ΔP).

[0081] In this embodiment, the residence time is controlled within the range of 1 to 5 milliseconds by controlling the transmembrane pressure difference. This residence time is significantly less than the reaction time required for hypochlorous acid to be further oxidized to chlorate or perchlorate (which usually takes tens of milliseconds to several seconds). Therefore, when chloride ions are oxidized to hypochlorous acid in the membrane channel, they are pushed out of the membrane pore by the subsequent fluid before deep oxidation occurs, thus achieving a kinetic "quenching" effect.

[0082] Meanwhile, the controller collects the anode potential of the permeable reactive electrochemical membrane module in real time. The anode potential is a key thermodynamic parameter that determines the oxidation reaction path. When the anode potential exceeds the first potential threshold, the free energy change of hypochlorite oxidation to chlorate is negative, and the peroxidation reaction is thermodynamically spontaneous. Therefore, when the anode potential is detected to exceed the first potential threshold, the controller reduces the transmembrane voltage difference or reduces the output voltage of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply to bring the anode potential back to the safe range. When the anode potential is lower than the second potential threshold, the chlorine evolution reaction rate is insufficient, and the hypochlorous acid yield decreases. At this time, the controller increases the transmembrane voltage difference or increases the output voltage.

[0083] The first potential threshold is set as the chlorate formation initiation potential minus a safety margin, typically controlled below 1.8V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode; the second potential threshold is set as the chlorine evolution reaction initiation potential plus a safety margin, typically controlled above 1.4V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode.

[0084] The deodorizing liquid after electrochemical modification contains a certain concentration of active chlorine. It is worth noting that landfill leachate generally contains high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (1000-3000 mg / L). When chloride ions are oxidized to chlorine / hypochlorous acid at the anode, they will rapidly undergo a breakpoint chlorination reaction with ammonia nitrogen to generate chloramines (such as monochloramine and dichloramine). Chloramines are also highly efficient and long-lasting disinfectants and oxidants, and compared to free chlorine, they have a lower tendency to react with organic matter to generate toxic byproducts.

[0085] Therefore, the "modified deodorizing liquid" produced by this invention is actually a composite active chlorine solution containing free chlorine and chloramine. It can effectively oxidize malodorous gases, maintain a certain antibacterial ability in subsequent reflux, and avoid excessive residue of free chlorine. The system can control the degree of the breakpoint reaction by dynamically adjusting the electrolysis parameters, so that the product mainly meets the needs of space spraying.

[0086] To further enhance the deodorization effect, a bubble generating unit is set between the in-situ electrochemical generator and the space spray unit in this embodiment. The bubble generating unit is used to forcibly mix the modified deodorizing liquid output from the in-situ electrochemical generator with clean compressed air in the cyclone cavitation unit to generate bubble carrier liquid with a particle size between 200 nanometers and 50 micrometers.

[0087] The core component of the bubble generating unit is the cyclone cavitation unit, which contains a tangential liquid inlet, a central air inlet, and a gradually narrowing and expanding flow channel. Modified deodorizing liquid is injected tangentially into the cyclone cavitation unit under high pressure, forming a high-speed rotating liquid flow. Inside the cyclone cavitation unit, the high-speed rotating liquid flow exerts a strong shearing effect on the gas, breaking it down into nanoscale bubbles. Simultaneously, the localized negative pressure generated by the Venturi effect promotes gas-liquid mixing. In this embodiment, the bubble particle size is mainly distributed in the range of 1 to 20 micrometers. This size range endows the spray droplets with a large specific surface area and an internal gas-liquid interface, enabling them to capture odor molecules in the air and then utilize the locally generated high concentration of hydroxyl radicals during bubble collapse to complete in-situ deep mineralization at the microscale within the droplets, thus enhancing the removal capacity for insoluble and low-activity VOCs.

[0088] To achieve accurate prediction and targeted control of odor diffusion, this embodiment deploys a multimodal sensor network in the waste storage pit and unloading hall. The multimodal sensor network includes an infrared gas thermal imaging array and an oxidation-reduction potential probe. The infrared gas thermal imaging array is deployed above the waste storage pit and unloading hall, typically mounted on a steel support frame, covering the entire top space of the unloading hall and waste storage pit. This array consists of multiple infrared thermal imagers, each equipped with an infrared filter sensitive to hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and volatile organic compounds, capable of real-time acquisition of the spatial concentration distribution and three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory of odorous gases. The infrared gas thermal imaging array also includes a temperature and humidity sensor array and a dust concentration sensor. The controller is configured to perform the following correction steps:

[0089] The raw spectral signals of the infrared thermal imaging array were acquired, and the initial concentration distribution maps of hydrogen sulfide (characteristic absorption peak 7.4 μm) and ammonia (characteristic absorption peak 9.2 μm) were extracted.

[0090] Simultaneously collect data on temperature, humidity, water mist concentration, and dust concentration above the waste storage pit.

[0091] A pre-installed nonlinear spectral attenuation compensation model within the controller is invoked. This model is trained by simulating spectral attenuation patterns under different temperatures, humidity levels, water mist concentrations, and dust concentrations in a controlled environment. Using this model, the initial concentration distribution map is dynamically compensated and corrected in real time to eliminate interference caused by water vapor and dust.

[0092] The corrected hydrogen sulfide and ammonia concentration distribution maps are spatiotemporally fused with spatial aerosol distribution data from a lidar particulate matter monitor to ultimately generate a confidence-weighted concentration field that reflects the three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory of malodorous gases.

[0093] Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) probes are installed in the leachate collection unit and the reflux collection unit to collect the liquid phase oxidation-reduction potential in real time. In the reflux collection unit, the ORP probe monitors the state of the collected liquid after spraying. When the reflux liquid ORP is within a preset safe range (indicating a reducing state), it indicates that the fallen deodorizing liquid has fully reacted with reducing substances in the environment, and the strong oxidant has been effectively depleted. If the ORP rises abnormally and approaches the toxicity risk threshold, it indicates that the sprayed active chlorine is excessive, and the unconsumed oxidant poses a risk of entering the subsequent biochemical system. The system will then trigger a safety interlock, automatically reducing chlorine production or cutting off the output of the electrolysis unit.

[0094] At the data acquisition and decision-making level, the controller includes an edge computing gateway, which is equipped with a long short-term memory recurrent neural network model. This model is trained on a large amount of historical data and has the ability to learn the spatiotemporal patterns of odor diffusion. During operation, the controller inputs the spatial concentration distribution of odorous gas and the three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory collected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array, as well as the frequency and displacement trajectory of the garbage crane grab bucket, into the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model.

[0095] Before inputting the aforementioned multi-source heterogeneous data into the Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network model, the edge computing gateway first performs data preprocessing and feature fusion steps. For the raw data output by the infrared gas thermal imaging array, its essence is a two-dimensional concentration distribution matrix, where each pixel corresponds to the instantaneous odor concentration of a certain grid in space. The controller first performs downsampling and normalization on this matrix, compressing it into a feature map of a fixed size. For the overturning frequency and displacement trajectory of the garbage crane grab bucket, this data is a three-dimensional coordinate sequence (x, y, z) containing timestamps and action labels. The controller encodes it into a time-continuous velocity vector sequence. After aligning the above two types of features in the time dimension, a feature layer fusion strategy is adopted: the processed thermal imaging feature map is used to extract spatial features through a convolutional layer, and the crane action sequence is used to extract temporal features through an independent LSTM layer. Then, the output vectors of the two are concatenated in the feature dimension to form a unified fused feature vector, which is then input into the core encoder-decoder LSTM network.

[0096] The status of the garbage crane's grab bucket is acquired through the crane's control system, including the grab bucket's real-time coordinates, the start and end times of the grabbing action, and the depth and angle of the tumbling. This information is strongly correlated with odor outbreaks because the grab bucket violently disturbs the garbage layer when tumbling the garbage, releasing large amounts of odorous gases that were originally sealed inside the garbage pile into the space.

[0097] The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network model predicts the spatiotemporal distribution peak coordinates, diffusion velocity, and duration of odor gas concentration within a preset future time window based on input data. The prediction time window can be set according to actual needs, such as 5 seconds, 10 seconds, or 30 seconds. Due to the short-term, sudden nature of the garbage crane's grab action, a shorter prediction window (e.g., 5 seconds) is sufficient to meet control requirements. In this embodiment, the LSM recurrent neural network model employs an encoder-decoder architecture. The encoder consists of two stacked LSTM units, each containing 128 hidden neurons, used for temporal encoding of the input fused feature vector to extract dynamic change patterns. The encoder output is the final hidden state vector. The decoder then decodes and generates the prediction results within the future time window based on this hidden state. Specifically, the decoder output is connected to a fully connected layer, the number of neurons in which is the same as the number of nozzle grids in the spatial spray unit. The decoder outputs a concentration prediction vector at each time step. After being mapped by the Sigmoid activation function, it generates the probability value of odor concentration for each spatial grid at future time. Finally, they are combined into a predicted concentration heat map with the same size as the original thermal image. In the offline stage, the model is jointly trained with no less than 3,000 sets of historical running data (including infrared thermal imaging sequences and crane action records) and manually labeled odor outbreak events. During the training process, mean squared error is used as the loss function, and an adaptive moment estimation optimizer is used to update the parameters.

[0098] After obtaining the prediction results, the controller determines the target nozzle group and target spray angle in the spatial spray unit based on the predicted spatiotemporal distribution peak coordinates. The controller has a pre-stored three-dimensional spatial geometric model of the unloading hall and waste storage pit, and assigns a unique three-dimensional reference coordinate to each electrically driven rotating nozzle. When the model outputs the predicted peak coordinates P(x) of the odor outbreak point... p ,y p ,z p After that, the controller traverses all nozzles, selects the nozzle with the smallest spatial Euclidean distance from the peak point as the main nozzle of the target nozzle group, and starts its adjacent nozzles as auxiliary nozzles.

[0099] Subsequently, for the main nozzle, assuming its reference coordinates are Q(x_q,y_q,z_q), the controller calculates its target yaw angle θ_yaw and pitch angle θ_pitch using the following geometric relationships:

[0100] θ_yaw=arctan((y p -y_q) / (x p -x_q))

[0101] θ_pitch=arctan((z p -z_q) / √((x p -x_q)²+(y p -y_q)²))

[0102] The controller drives the servo motor of the nozzle to rotate to the calculated angle through the analog output module, so that the spray axis is precisely pointed to the predicted odor outbreak center.

[0103] A spatial spray unit typically consists of multiple independent nozzle arrays, each corresponding to a specific spatial area. The controller maps the predicted peak coordinates to the nozzle array number and spray angle parameters, enabling the nozzles in the target area to accurately target the center of the odor outbreak.

[0104] Simultaneously, based on the predicted diffusion rate and duration, the controller calculates the target current density required for the in-situ electrochemical generator and the target swirling intensity required for the bubble generation unit. The faster the odor diffuses, the higher the concentration of deodorant and the stronger the bubble carrying capacity are needed to reach an effective concentration in a short time; the longer the odor lasts, the longer the high-power operation needs to be maintained. The controller converts the predicted diffusion parameters into setpoints for current density and swirling intensity using a pre-established empirical model or lookup table method.

[0105] like Figure 2 As shown, in terms of execution timing, the controller presets a lead time before the predicted odor outbreak time, sequentially activating the in-situ electrochemical generator, the bubble generation unit, and the spatial spray unit. This ensures that the spatial spray unit completes pre-spraying coverage of the target area before the odor gas concentration reaches its peak. The lead time setting depends on the response time of each unit: the in-situ electrochemical generator typically requires tens to hundreds of milliseconds to reach the target current density from startup; the bubble generation unit requires approximately 1 second to form a stable bubble flow from startup; and the spatial spray unit requires approximately 0.5 seconds from valve opening to droplet arrival at the target area. Taking these delays into account, the lead time is typically set to 2 to 3 seconds. This pre-spraying strategy ensures that when the odor gas surges from the garbage dump and diffuses into the space, the spray system has already formed a high-concentration deodorizing aerosol barrier in the area, achieving proactive interception with a "wait-and-see" approach.

[0106] like Figure 3As shown, in addition to completing the prediction and pre-spraying, the controller also implements a graded control strategy, dynamically adjusting the system operation mode according to the severity of odor, so as to save energy to the maximum extent while ensuring the deodorization effect.

[0107] First control level: When the instantaneous value of the odor concentration detected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array exceeds the first concentration threshold but is lower than the second concentration threshold, it indicates that a mild odor has appeared in a local area, but has not yet spread over a large area. At this time, the controller keeps the in-situ electrochemical generator running in low power mode and only adjusts the spray angle and spray flow rate of the corresponding area in the space spray unit.

[0108] In low-power mode, the current density is typically controlled within 30% to 50% of the rated value, while the bubble generating unit remains in standby mode. When adjusting the spray angle, the controller drives the electrically operated rotating nozzle in the corresponding area to aim at the point of highest odor concentration; when adjusting the spray flow rate, the spray volume is controlled by adjusting the opening time of the solenoid valve. The core strategy of this level is "precise spot spraying," eliminating localized odors in their infancy with minimal energy consumption.

[0109] Second control level: When the instantaneous value of odor concentration exceeds the second concentration threshold and the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model predicts that the odor concentration will continue to rise within a preset time window in the future, it indicates that the odor is in a rapid diffusion stage and local spot spraying is insufficient to curb the diffusion trend. At this time, the controller increases the current density of the in-situ electrochemical generator to the medium-high range (e.g., 60% to 80% of the rated value), starts the bubble generation unit and increases its swirling intensity, and drives the space spraying unit to perform directional spraying towards the predicted area.

[0110] The increased swirl intensity is achieved by increasing the rotation speed of the swirl cavitation device, which generates finer bubbles and a higher Zeta potential, enhancing the electrostatic capture capability of malodor molecules. During directional spraying, in addition to the nozzles in the target area being fully open, the auxiliary nozzles in adjacent areas are also opened at a lower flow rate, forming a ring-like interception.

[0111] The third control level: When the odor concentration in multiple discontinuous areas exceeds the second concentration threshold, it indicates that the system is facing a large-scale odor outbreak. At this time, the controller increases the current density of the in-situ electrochemical generator to the peak range (100% of the rated value), switches the bubble generation unit to continuous operation mode (no longer operates intermittently according to the prediction), and switches the space spray unit to full-coverage wide-angle spray mode.

[0112] In the full-coverage wide-angle spray mode, all nozzles spray continuously at maximum flow rate and maximum coverage angle, forming a continuous deodorizing aerosol curtain above the garbage storage pit, enveloping the entire space under the protection of the deodorizing agent.

[0113] Fourth control level: When the concentration of odor in the space detected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array is lower than the first concentration threshold for a continuous preset time (e.g., 1 hour), it indicates that the system has entered the odorless stable period and the odor in the space is at an extremely low level. At this time, the controller switches the asymmetric pulse switching power supply to the extremely low frequency pulse switching standby mode, shuts down the bubble generating unit, and switches the space spraying unit to the intermittent low flow rate maintenance spray mode.

[0114] In the ultra-low frequency pulse commutation standby mode, the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply outputs commutation pulses with a frequency lower than 0.1Hz. The duty cycle of the forward pulse does not exceed 5%, and the duty cycle of the reverse pulse does not exceed 3%. The main purpose of this mode is to maintain the flow of trace fluids on the electrode surface and prevent new scale or contaminant deposition due to static conditions during standby. The forward pulse maintains the weak electrochemical reaction on the anode surface with an extremely low frequency and duty cycle, while the reverse pulse simultaneously removes any trace scale that may form. The ultrasonic generator operates intermittently in standby mode, with the start-up cycle synchronized with the reverse pulse cycle. Each start-up duration does not exceed 50% of the reverse pulse cycle.

[0115] In the intermittent low-flow maintenance spray mode, the spatial spray unit performs a short spray at a preset time interval (e.g., every 10 minutes), with each spray lasting about 30 seconds and the spray flow rate being 10% to 20% of the rated value. The purpose of this mode is to maintain the basic humidity environment above the waste storage pit and prevent abnormal odor fluctuations caused by dust accumulation or local microenvironmental changes due to dry air during the odorless period. At the same time, the low-flow maintenance spray also ensures that there is always a small amount of liquid returning to the return collection unit, so that the oxidation-reduction potential probe can continuously monitor the state of the pool surface. Once the antibacterial ability decreases, the next level of regulation can be triggered immediately. The total power consumption of the system in this standby mode is significantly reduced compared to the rated operating mode, achieving extremely low standby energy consumption.

[0116] Through the aforementioned graded control strategy, the system can automatically match the optimal operating mode under different working conditions. It operates in energy-saving mode when the odor intensity is low, in full-power mode when the odor is intense, and in standby mode when the system is stable, achieving an adaptive balance between energy consumption and effectiveness. According to simulated operating condition test data, after adopting this graded control strategy, the system's overall energy consumption can be reduced by approximately 30% to 40% compared to the traditional timed spray mode. The effective utilization rate of the deodorizer is increased to over 85%, perchlorate is not detected in the reflux liquid, the residual active chlorine concentration is controlled below 0.5 mg / L, and the microbial activity of the downstream biochemical treatment system remains stable, with no obvious toxic inhibition observed.

[0117] During system operation, the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model continuously learns online. Every preset time period (e.g., 24 hours), the controller compares the actual odor concentration decay curve within that period with the output parameters predicted by the model. The actual odor concentration decay curve is continuously recorded by an infrared gas thermal imaging array, reflecting the actual deodorization effect of the system.

[0118] The model's predicted output parameters include the predicted peak odor concentration, diffusion rate, and duration. When the actual odor concentration decay rate is lower than the predicted decay rate and the deviation exceeds a preset deviation threshold (e.g., the actual decay rate is more than 30% lower than the predicted value), it indicates that the model's prediction accuracy under the current operating conditions has decreased, and the model needs to be corrected. At this time, the controller stores the corresponding input data (infrared thermal imaging data, crane movement data, etc.) and output parameters (actual odor concentration change data) as negative samples in the retraining dataset. When the number of samples in the retraining dataset reaches a preset threshold (e.g., 1000 groups), incremental training of the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model is triggered, and the model parameters are fine-tuned and updated using the newly accumulated data. This online learning mechanism enables the model to continuously adapt to seasonal changes, changes in waste composition, and changes in the incineration plant's operating conditions, maintaining high prediction accuracy at all times.

[0119] A filtration device is installed between the return collection unit and the leachate collection unit to intercept suspended particulate matter entrained in the return liquid, preventing it from entering the in-situ electrochemical generator. The filtration device typically uses a self-cleaning mesh filter with a filtration accuracy set to 100 to 200 microns, effectively intercepting fine suspended solids carried from the landfill. The filter is equipped with a differential pressure sensor; when the inlet and outlet pressure difference exceeds a set value, backwashing is automatically initiated, discharging the trapped impurities into the leachate collection tank without affecting the continuous operation of the system.

[0120] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart closed-loop control system for deodorizing leachate spraying from waste incineration, characterized in that, include: Leachate collection unit is used to receive high-salt leachate precipitated from the bottom of the waste storage pit; The pretreatment unit, whose inlet is connected to the leachate collection unit, is used for solid-liquid separation and fine filtration of the leachate; An in-situ electrochemical generator, the inlet of which is connected to the pretreatment unit, includes at least one set of flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components made of conductive metal oxide ceramic porous material, and an asymmetric pulse-commutated power supply electrically connected to the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components. The pore size of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane components is configured to be between 300 nm and 800 nm. The asymmetric pulse-commutated power supply is used to output a current waveform including a positive pulse period and a reverse pulse period. The spatial spray unit is installed above the waste storage pit and unloading hall, and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the in-situ electrochemical generator. A return collection unit is installed at the bottom of the waste storage pit to guide the residual liquid that falls back to the bottom of the storage pit after the spatial spraying is completed back to the leachate collection unit. The controller is electrically connected to the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply and the spatial spray unit, respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the electrolysis parameters and spray parameters based on the real-time collected multi-dimensional sensor data.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The in-situ electrochemical generator also includes: A stable anode is disposed upstream of or integrated within the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane assembly and contains at least a composite coating of ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide. The cathode is disposed opposite to the shape-stable anode; The asymmetric pulse commutation power supply causes the cathode to reverse polarity and generate an oxygen evolution reaction during the reverse pulse cycle, thereby dissolving the calcium carbonate scale layer formed on the cathode surface in situ.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller is configured to: Real-time acquisition of the cell voltage of the in-situ electrochemical generator; When the rate of increase of the slot voltage exceeds the first voltage change threshold, the duty cycle of the reverse pulse period of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is increased. When the slot voltage drops below the second voltage change threshold, the duty cycle of the positive pulse period is restored to the initial set value.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an ultrasonic generator, which includes at least a set of piezoelectric ceramic transducers, fixed to the outer wall of the in-situ electrochemical generator or immersed in its internal flow channel; The controller is configured to start the ultrasonic generator when the duty cycle of the reverse pulse period of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply increases to a preset upper limit and the tank voltage continues to rise, so that the ultrasonic generator operates synchronously with the reverse pulse period.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to: Based on the preset target active chlorine concentration and the chloride ion concentration in the leachate, the transmembrane pressure difference of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module is adjusted by a variable frequency pump, so that the effective residence time of the leachate in the electric field region is limited to within milliseconds. The anode potential of the flow-through reactive electrochemical membrane module is collected in real time. When the anode potential exceeds the first potential threshold, the transmembrane voltage difference is reduced or the output voltage of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is reduced. When the anode potential is lower than the second potential threshold, the transmembrane voltage difference is increased or the output voltage of the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is increased. The millisecond-level residence time is set to be less than the reaction time required for hypochlorous acid to be further oxidized to chlorate or perchlorate, the first potential threshold is lower than the chlorate formation initiation potential, and the second potential threshold is higher than the chlorine evolution reaction initiation potential.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a bubble generating unit, which is located between the in-situ electrochemical generator and the space spraying unit, for forcibly mixing the modified deodorizing liquid output from the in-situ electrochemical generator with clean compressed air in a cyclone cavitation unit to generate a bubble carrier liquid with a particle size between 200 nanometers and 50 micrometers.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multimodal sensing network, which comprises: An infrared gas thermal imaging array is deployed above the waste storage pit and unloading hall to collect the spatial concentration distribution and three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory of odorous gases in real time. An oxidation-reduction potential probe is installed in the leachate collection unit and the reflux collection unit to collect the liquid phase oxidation-reduction potential in real time.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The controller includes an edge computing gateway, which is deployed with a long short-term memory recurrent neural network model. The controller is configured to: The spatial concentration distribution of odorous gas and the three-dimensional plume diffusion trajectory, as well as the overturning frequency and displacement trajectory of the garbage crane grab bucket, collected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array, are input into the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model to predict the spatiotemporal distribution peak coordinates, diffusion speed and duration of odorous gas concentration within a future preset time window. Based on the predicted spatiotemporal distribution peak coordinates, the target nozzle group and target spray angle in the spatial spray unit are determined. Based on the predicted diffusion rate and duration, the target current density required for the in-situ electrochemical generator and the target swirling intensity required for the bubble generating unit are calculated. A lead time is preset before the predicted odor outbreak time. The in-situ electrochemical generator, the bubble generating unit, and the spatial spraying unit are activated in sequence, so that the spatial spraying unit can complete the pre-spraying coverage of the target area before the odor gas concentration reaches its peak.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to execute the following hierarchical control strategy: First control level: When the instantaneous value of the odor concentration detected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array exceeds the first concentration threshold but is lower than the second concentration threshold, the in-situ electrochemical generator is kept running in low power mode, and only the spray angle and spray flow rate of the corresponding area in the space spray unit are adjusted. Second control level: When the instantaneous value of odor concentration exceeds the second concentration threshold and the long short-term memory recurrent neural network model predicts that the odor concentration will continue to rise within a preset time window in the future, the current density of the in-situ electrochemical generator is increased to the medium-high range, the bubble generating unit is activated and its swirling intensity is increased, and the spatial spraying unit is driven to spray directionally towards the predicted area. The third control level: When the odor concentration in multiple discontinuous areas exceeds the second concentration threshold, the current density of the in-situ electrochemical generator is increased to the peak range, the bubble generating unit is switched to continuous operation mode, and the spatial spraying unit is switched to full-coverage wide-angle spray mode.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The controller is also configured to perform a fourth control level: When the concentration of malodor detected by the infrared gas thermal imaging array is lower than the first concentration threshold for a continuous preset time, the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply is switched to the ultra-low frequency pulse commutation standby mode, the bubble generating unit is turned off, and the space spraying unit is switched to the intermittent low flow sustained spray mode. In the ultra-low frequency pulse commutation standby mode, the asymmetric pulse commutation power supply outputs commutation pulses with a frequency lower than 0.1Hz, with the positive pulse duty cycle not exceeding 5% and the reverse pulse duty cycle not exceeding 3%.

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