Bentonite-based environment-friendly adsorption material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a bentonite-based environment-friendly adsorption material and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of environment-friendly functional materials, and the adsorption material is prepared from high-purity bentonite with a montmorillonite content of more than or equal to 85% as a base body, and after being treated by activation and hole expansion, 5-30 parts by mass of functional components are compounded to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption composite structure. The preparation method comprises four steps of purification, modification and activation, functional compounding, shaping and drying. The adsorption material has the advantages of large adsorption capacity, high speed, recyclable regeneration, low cost and the like, the removal rate of heavy metal ions such as Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , etc. is more than or equal to 95%, the removal rate of COD is more than or equal to 70%, the performance retention rate is more than or equal to 80% after being used for more than 5 times, the cost is only 1 / 5-1 / 3 of that of activated carbon, the adsorption material can be widely applied to industrial wastewater treatment and industrial waste gas purification, and the synchronous removal of various pollutants can be realized, and the adsorption material has remarkable economic and environmental protection benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmentally friendly functional materials technology, specifically to a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material with high adsorption capacity, fast adsorption rate, and recyclability, and its preparation method. It can be widely used in industrial wastewater treatment and industrial organic waste gas purification in industries such as electroplating, printing and dyeing, chemical, mining, and aquaculture, achieving simultaneous and efficient removal of heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, color, and turbidity. Background Technology

[0002] Bentonite is a layered silicate mineral with montmorillonite as its main component. It possesses a large specific surface area, high ion exchange capacity, and strong adsorption potential, making it an ideal raw material for preparing low-cost, environmentally friendly adsorbent materials. Currently, traditional adsorbent materials have significant shortcomings in industrial environmental governance.

[0003] Activated carbon is expensive, difficult to regenerate, and flammable, making it difficult to use on a large scale.

[0004] Ordinary bentonite, without modification, has small interlayer spacing, few active sites, low adsorption capacity, and poor selectivity;

[0005] Most adsorption materials have poor regeneration performance and become solid waste after a single use, resulting in high operating costs.

[0006] It has weak synergistic removal capabilities for heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, color, and turbidity, and cannot meet the treatment requirements of complex industrial wastewater / exhaust gas.

[0007] Current technologies lack a low-cost, high-efficiency, broad-spectrum, and recyclable bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material. Therefore, the development of high-performance bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent materials is of great significance for improving environmental governance efficiency, reducing governance costs, and expanding the high-value-added applications of bentonite. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material and its preparation method. This material uses high-purity bentonite with a montmorillonite content ≥85% as a matrix, followed by activation and pore-expansion treatment, and then incorporates 5-30 parts by weight of functional components to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption composite structure. The preparation method includes four steps: purification, modification and activation, functional compounding, molding, and drying. This method achieves the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants, resulting in significant economic and environmental benefits.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material is characterized by using high-purity bentonite concentrate with a montmorillonite content of ≥85% as a matrix. After the matrix is ​​activated and expanded, functional components are introduced to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption structure. Based on 100 parts by mass of purified bentonite concentrate, the amount of functional components added is 5-30 parts by mass.

[0011] Furthermore, the activation and pore-expansion treatment employs one or more combinations of sodium modification, acidification intercalation, thermal activation, and pillar-supported pore-expansion.

[0012] Furthermore, the functional components are selected from one or more of activated alumina, titanium dioxide, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, activated carbon powder, and biochar.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature for thermal activation is between 150°C and 450°C.

[0014] Furthermore, the material is in the form of powder, granules, shaped blocks, or honeycomb; when the material is granules, the particle size is 2 mm to 4 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the material is used for industrial wastewater treatment or waste gas purification, wherein the industrial wastewater includes electroplating wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, chemical wastewater, aquaculture wastewater, and mining wastewater; and the waste gas includes industrial organic waste gas.

[0016] A method for preparing a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material includes the following steps:

[0017] S1: Purification process: The bentonite ore is wet-ground, graded and impurities removed to obtain bentonite concentrate with montmorillonite content ≥85%;

[0018] S2: Modification and activation: Add a modifier to the bentonite concentrate, stir and react to carry out modification treatment, and then perform thermal activation treatment at 150℃ to 450℃ to open the interlayer pores;

[0019] S3: Functional composite: Add functional components and binders to the modified and activated bentonite, mix thoroughly and evenly to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption system;

[0020] S4: Molding and Drying: The mixed materials are granulated, extruded, or directly powdered, and then dried at low temperature to obtain the finished bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material.

[0021] Furthermore, the modifier mentioned in step S2 is one or more of a sodium-modifying agent, an acidifying agent, or a pillaring agent, and the thermal activation treatment time is 1 to 3 hours.

[0022] Furthermore, the adhesive mentioned in step S3 is an inorganic adhesive.

[0023] Furthermore, the low-temperature drying temperature in step S4 is 100°C to 250°C.

[0024] Matrix material: High-purity bentonite with montmorillonite content ≥85%;

[0025] Modification system: One or more combinations of sodium modification, acidification intercalation, thermal activation, and pillar-supported pore expansion are used to increase interlayer spacing, improve specific surface area and ion exchange capacity;

[0026] Functional components: One or more of the following are introduced in combination: activated alumina, titanium dioxide, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, activated carbon powder, and biochar, to form a synergistic adsorption system;

[0027] Product forms: powder, granules, molded blocks or honeycomb, suitable for different working conditions such as filter beds, adsorption towers, and waste gas purification devices.

[0028] Preparation method

[0029] The bentonite ore is purified by wet grinding, grading, and impurity removal to obtain a concentrate with a montmorillonite content of ≥85%.

[0030] Modification and activation involve adding sodium-modifying agents, intercalating agents, or acid modifiers to bentonite, stirring and reacting to carry out sodium-modification / acidification / pillar-supporting modification, and then performing low-temperature thermal activation at 150–450℃ to open interlayer pores and increase adsorption active sites.

[0031] Functional components and binders are added to the composite and thoroughly mixed to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption system.

[0032] The finished adsorbent material is obtained by granulation, extrusion molding or direct powdering, followed by low-temperature drying.

[0033] Working principle

[0034] Interlayer adsorption: After modification, the interlayer spacing is increased, which can accommodate heavy metal ions and small organic molecules;

[0035] Ion exchange: Bentonite can rapidly exchange ions with heavy metal ions in water;

[0036] Surface adsorption: High specific surface area and functional components provide a large number of adsorption sites, enabling rapid capture of pollutants;

[0037] Synergistic removal: Multiple components work together to achieve simultaneous purification of heavy metals, organic matter, color, and turbidity;

[0038] Renewable: Adsorption performance can be restored through acid washing, alkali washing, and thermal desorption, enabling recycling.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0040] High adsorption capacity for heavy metals (Pb) 2+ Cd 2+ Cr 6+ Cu 2+ The removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen, and color are significantly improved, which is better than that of ordinary bentonite.

[0041] It has a fast adsorption rate, reaching adsorption equilibrium quickly in 10–30 minutes, making it suitable for continuous industrial processing.

[0042] It has excellent regeneration performance and can be recycled 5-10 times or more, with a high performance retention rate, which greatly reduces the cost of use.

[0043] Green and low-cost, it uses natural bentonite as the main raw material, is non-toxic and causes no secondary pollution, and costs only 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of activated carbon.

[0044] It has a wide range of applications and can be used for electroplating wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, chemical wastewater, aquaculture wastewater, mining wastewater, industrial waste gas purification, soil remediation and other scenarios.

[0045] By aligning with green development, we can enhance the added value of bentonite, expand new environmental applications, and create new profit growth points for enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material is characterized by using high-purity bentonite concentrate with a montmorillonite content of ≥85% as a matrix. After the matrix is ​​activated and expanded, functional components are introduced to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption structure. Based on 100 parts by mass of purified bentonite concentrate, the amount of functional components added is 5-30 parts by mass.

[0049] Furthermore, the activation and pore-expansion treatment employs one or more combinations of sodium modification, acidification intercalation, thermal activation, and pillar-supported pore-expansion.

[0050] Furthermore, the functional components are selected from one or more of activated alumina, titanium dioxide, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, activated carbon powder, and biochar.

[0051] Furthermore, the temperature for thermal activation is between 150°C and 450°C.

[0052] Furthermore, the material is in the form of powder, granules, shaped blocks, or honeycomb; when the material is granules, the particle size is 2 mm to 4 mm.

[0053] Furthermore, the material is used for industrial wastewater treatment or waste gas purification, wherein the industrial wastewater includes electroplating wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, chemical wastewater, aquaculture wastewater, and mining wastewater; and the waste gas includes industrial organic waste gas.

[0054] A method for preparing a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material includes the following steps:

[0055] S1: Purification process: The bentonite ore is wet-ground, graded and impurities removed to obtain bentonite concentrate with montmorillonite content ≥85%;

[0056] S2: Modification and activation: Add a modifier to the bentonite concentrate, stir and react to carry out modification treatment, and then perform thermal activation treatment at 150℃ to 450℃ to open the interlayer pores;

[0057] S3: Functional composite: Add functional components and binders to the modified and activated bentonite, mix thoroughly and evenly to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption system;

[0058] S4: Molding and Drying: The mixed materials are granulated, extruded, or directly powdered, and then dried at low temperature to obtain the finished bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material.

[0059] Furthermore, the modifier mentioned in step S2 is one or more of a sodium-modifying agent, an acidifying agent, or a pillaring agent, and the thermal activation treatment time is 1 to 3 hours.

[0060] Furthermore, the adhesive mentioned in step S3 is an inorganic adhesive.

[0061] Furthermore, the low-temperature drying temperature in step S4 is 100°C to 250°C.

[0062] Example 1 (Powdered Wastewater Treatment Adsorbent Material)

[0063] 100 parts of bentonite concentrate were modified by adding 3 parts of sodium carbonate;

[0064] Add dilute hydrochloric acid to activate, and stir the reaction for 60 minutes;

[0065] Add 10 parts diatomaceous earth and 5 parts activated carbon powder, and mix well.

[0066] The material is thermally activated at 300℃ for 2 hours, cooled, and then pulverized to obtain a powdered adsorbent material. Performance: Heavy metal removal rate ≥95%, COD removal rate ≥70%, and regenerable for more than 8 cycles.

[0067] Example 2 (Particulate Waste Gas / Deep Water Treatment Adsorption Material)

[0068] 80 parts of modified bentonite, with 25 parts of TiO, 15 parts of zeolite, and 3 parts of binder added;

[0069] Extrusion granulation, particle size 2–4 mm;

[0070] The material is dried and cured at 250℃ to obtain particulate adsorbent material. Performance: High adsorption efficiency for organic waste gas, low pressure drop, suitable for continuous adsorption towers.

[0071] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope or concept of the invention. The specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. Such combinations, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, should also be considered as part of this disclosure. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe the various possible combinations.

[0072] This invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this invention and without departing from the design idea of ​​this invention, all modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of this invention should fall within the protection scope of this invention. The technical content for which protection is sought in this invention has been fully described in the claims.

Claims

1. A bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material, characterized in that, Using high-purity bentonite concentrate with a montmorillonite content of ≥85% as the matrix, the matrix is ​​activated and expanded, and then functional components are introduced to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption structure; based on 100 parts by mass of purified bentonite concentrate, the amount of functional components added is 5-30 parts by mass.

2. The bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activation and pore-expansion treatment employs one or more combinations of sodium modification, acidification intercalation, thermal activation, and pillar-supported pore-expansion.

3. The bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional components are selected from one or more of activated alumina, titanium dioxide, diatomaceous earth, zeolite, activated carbon powder, and biochar.

4. The bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature for thermal activation is between 150°C and 450°C.

5. The bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material is in the form of powder, granules, shaped blocks, or honeycomb; when the material is granules, the particle size is 2 mm to 4 mm.

6. The bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material is used for industrial wastewater treatment or exhaust gas purification. The industrial wastewater includes electroplating wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, chemical wastewater, aquaculture wastewater, and mining wastewater. The exhaust gas includes industrial organic waste gas.

7. A method for preparing a bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Purification process: The bentonite ore is wet-ground, graded and impurities removed to obtain bentonite concentrate with montmorillonite content ≥85%; S2: Modification and activation: Add a modifier to the bentonite concentrate, stir and react to carry out modification treatment, and then perform thermal activation treatment at 150℃ to 450℃ to open the interlayer pores; S3: Functional composite: Add functional components and binders to the modified and activated bentonite, mix thoroughly and evenly to form a multi-component synergistic adsorption system; S4: Molding and Drying: The mixed materials are granulated, extruded, or directly powdered, and then dried at low temperature to obtain the finished bentonite-based environmentally friendly adsorbent material.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The modifier mentioned in step S2 is one or more of a sodium-based agent, an acidifying agent, or a pillaring agent, and the thermal activation treatment time is 1 to 3 hours.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adhesive mentioned in step S3 is an inorganic adhesive.

10. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature for low-temperature drying in step S4 is 100°C to 250°C.

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