A bending forging piece, a tool forging device and a forging method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of forging equipment, in particular to a bending forging piece using tooling forging device and forging method, which aims to solve the problems of inaccurate positioning of blank, manual operation, and low bending precision caused by compression deformation of compression roller in traditional forging; the technical scheme is that: a V-shaped groove and a stepped groove are arranged to realize preliminary positioning of the blank; the blank is subjected to bending by means of hydraulic, pneumatic and laser devices; the compression roller is driven to rotate by a ring-shaped air bag, an air tank and the like to replace the contact surface and cool; a brush cylinder is further arranged to apply lubricant to the contact surface; the device is simple to operate, does not need manual holding of the blank, improves the forging efficiency, ensures the safety of personnel, guarantees the bending accuracy, prevents scratching and wear of the tooling and the surface of the blank, and improves the metal fluidity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging equipment technology, and in particular to a forging apparatus and method for bending forgings. Background Technology

[0002] In the traditional forging process of bent forgings, the billet is usually held manually for positioning and forging operations. This method has many drawbacks. On the one hand, manual operation is inefficient and cannot meet the needs of large-scale production. On the other hand, during the forging process, the billet is subjected to great pressure and high temperature, and manually holding the billet poses a great safety hazard and can easily threaten the personal safety of workers.

[0003] Furthermore, existing forging equipment lacks effective positioning and bending control structures when bending billets. Precise control is difficult to achieve at the ends and center of the billet, resulting in inconsistent quality of the forged bent parts, which cannot meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0004] Regarding the use of pressure rollers, traditional pressure rollers are prone to compression deformation when pressing the billet for a long time, affecting the accuracy of bending. Moreover, due to the continuous pressing contact between the pressure roller and the billet, the temperature of the contact surface rises, and the lack of an effective cooling method will further affect the bending effect and the quality of the forging.

[0005] Meanwhile, during the forging process, the friction between the tooling, V-groove and billet contact surfaces is relatively large, which can easily cause scratches and wear on the tooling and billet surfaces, and is not conducive to the flow of metal, thus affecting the forming quality of the forging. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the shortcomings of existing forging processes, such as inaccurate billet positioning, the need for manual operation, and the low bending accuracy caused by compression deformation of the pressure rollers. The invention proposes a forging device and method for bending forgings using tooling.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A bending forging device using tooling includes a base, on the top of which a tooling and a gantry frame are fixedly connected, with the tooling located inside the gantry frame. A hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top of the gantry frame, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder extends into the gantry frame and is fixed with a U-shaped bracket. The U-shaped bracket is slidably connected inside the gantry frame, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the U-shaped bracket. A pressure roller for pressing and bending the blank is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. It also includes a movable guide groove set on the top of the tooling, and the movable guide groove is provided with two pusher plates; It also includes a drive structure, which includes an annular airbag fixed to the top of the U-shaped support and two air tanks disposed on one side of the U-shaped support. The two air tanks are fixedly connected to the annular airbag through ventilation pipes. Two drive impellers are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the two drive impellers are respectively engaged with the two air tanks.

[0008] In one possible design, the tooling includes a bending assembly that cooperates with the pressure roller, the bending assembly comprising an end bending structure and a center bending structure.

[0009] In one possible design, the end bending structure includes a movable crossbeam slidably connected within a movable guide groove, a hydraulic oil passage disposed within the movable crossbeam, and a V-shaped groove disposed at the top of the tooling and communicating with the movable guide groove. The inner walls on both sides of the V-shaped groove are provided with stepped grooves for positioning the end of the blank. Two piston rods are slidably and sealed within the hydraulic oil passage. The ends of the two piston rods that are far apart from each other are respectively fixedly connected to two push plates. A rack is fixed to the bottom of the movable crossbeam, and a gear that meshes with the rack is rotatably connected to one inner wall of the movable guide groove via a rotating shaft.

[0010] In one possible design, the central bending structure includes a laser emitting device fixed to the bottom of the movable crossbeam, a laser receiving device fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the movable guide groove, a hydraulic chamber located below the movable guide groove within the fixture, a hydraulic pressure plate that is sealed and slidably disposed within the hydraulic chamber, and a pneumatic cylinder fixed within the fixture. The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the hydraulic pressure plate. A hydraulic conduit connected to the hydraulic chamber is fixed within the fixture, and the top end of the hydraulic conduit is fixedly connected to a hydraulic oil passage. The laser emitting device and the laser receiving device work together to locate the center position of the moving crossbeam. The pneumatic cylinder drives the hydraulic pressure plate to move, controls the injection and extraction of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil passage, and then drives the two pusher plates to move towards or away from each other.

[0011] In one possible design, two pressure sensors I are fixedly embedded in the inner walls of the two stepped grooves on the side away from each other. An isolation plate is provided on the side of the pusher plate away from the moving crossbeam. A pressure sensor II is fixed on the side of the isolation plate away from the moving crossbeam and is fixedly embedded in the pusher plate. The pressure sensor I and pressure sensor II work together to detect whether the billet is stably stuck in the stepped groove.

[0012] In one possible design, the inner walls on both sides of the gantry frame are provided with two vertical guide grooves, and each of the four vertical guide grooves is slidably connected to a movable base. The tops of the four movable bases are elastically connected to the top inner wall of the corresponding vertical guide groove through elastic springs. The same pressure rod is rotatably connected between two movable bases on the same side, and both pressure rods are located above the V-shaped groove. The elastic force of the spring is applied to the blank through the pressure rod, assisting one end of the blank to be guided into the V-groove.

[0013] In one possible design, the drive structure further includes an air intake port fixed to one side of the annular airbag, the air intake port being provided with a one-way valve, and a conical air nozzle component being fixedly embedded at the end of the air tank away from the ventilation pipe. When the U-shaped support moves upward, it squeezes the annular airbag. The air inside the airbag is ejected at high speed from the conical air nozzle component at the end of the air tank through the ventilation pipe. The impact drives the impeller to rotate the rotating shaft and the pressing roller.

[0014] In one possible design, the drive impeller consists of multiple arc-shaped panels.

[0015] In one possible design, both inner walls of the movable guide groove are provided with concave grooves. A threaded rod is rotatably connected in one of the concave grooves, and a fixed rod is fixed in the other concave groove. Connecting arms are slidably connected in both concave grooves. A fixed sleeve is fixed between the two connecting arms. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the top of the fixed sleeve. The bottom end of the sliding rod is elastically connected to the bottom inner wall of the fixed sleeve by a tension spring. A connecting base is fixed to the top of the sliding rod. Two brush rollers are rotatably connected in the connecting base by a rotating shaft. The rotating threaded rod can drive the fixed sleeve and brush roller to move through the connecting arm. Under the tension of the tension spring, the brush roller moves to fit the top of the tooling and the inner wall of the V-groove to apply lubricant.

[0016] This application discloses a forging method for bending forgings using a tooling forging apparatus, comprising the following steps: S1. Initial positioning and bending: Activate the pneumatic cylinder to reset the pusher plate; place the billet on the fixture, drive the moving crossbeam through gears and racks, push the billet along the V-groove and lock it into the stepped groove, pressure sensor I and pressure sensor II detect signals to complete positioning; hydraulic cylinder pushes the pressing roller down to complete the first end bending. S2, Second end bending: After the bending end of the billet is released, the pusher plate continues to push the billet so that the unbent end enters the V-groove; the moving beam moves in the opposite direction, the pusher plate pushes the bent end of the billet so that the other end is stuck into the stepped groove, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing roller again to complete the second end bending. S3, Center Bending: After the two ends of the billet are bent, the hydraulic system drives the pusher plate to clamp the two ends of the billet, the moving beam drives the billet to move, the laser positioning device accurately positions the billet in the center of the tooling, and the pressing roller presses down to complete the center bending; S4. Cooling and changing the contact surface of the pressure roller: When the pressure roller moves upward, the U-shaped bracket squeezes the annular air bag, and the gas is ejected through the conical air nozzle to drive the pressure roller to rotate, changing the contact surface to achieve cooling and prevent deformation. S5. Lubrication treatment: The brush roller is driven by the threaded rod to move along the fixture and V-groove to apply lubricant; after completion, the brush roller is reset to the lowest end of the V-groove under the action of the tension spring.

[0017] In this invention, the lubrication process is completed before the next bending to avoid surface scratches caused by dry friction between the blank and the tooling; after the end bending, the two ends of the blank are formed, and then the center bending is performed by clamping with a pusher plate and laser positioning, which can avoid the blank shifting during the center bending and ensure the overall bending accuracy.

[0018] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the moving crossbeam drives the two pusher plates to move synchronously, which can push the billet to one side. When one end of the billet extends to the top of the V-shaped groove, with the cooperation of the pressure rod and the elastic spring, one end tilts downward and extends into the V-shaped groove, while the other end tilts upward. As the pusher plates continue to push, until one end moves into the corresponding stepped groove, one end of the billet can be stuck in the stepped groove, completing the initial positioning of the billet, which makes it easier for the pressing roller to bend the position of the billet near the end in the later stage. In this invention, the hydraulic pressure plate resets and moves to draw hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil passage into the hydraulic chamber. The two pusher plates move towards the center under the action of the piston connecting rod to clamp the two ends of the billet. The cooperation between the laser emitting device and the laser receiving device allows the billet to be placed at the center of the tooling top, which facilitates the pressure roller to apply pressure to the center of the billet top for center bending. The operation is simple and does not require manual handling of the billet for forging, which not only improves forging efficiency but also ensures the personal safety of the workers. In this invention, the U-shaped bracket compresses the annular airbag, and the air inside the annular airbag is discharged through the ventilation pipe, air tank and conical air nozzle component. The discharged air, in conjunction with the arc-shaped panel, drives the rotating shaft and the pressure roller to rotate, thereby driving the pressure roller to rotate at a certain angle, thus changing the surface of the pressure roller in contact with the blank. This not only cools the surface in contact with the blank, but also avoids the pressure roller from compressing the blank with only one surface for a long time, which would cause compression deformation, thus ensuring the accuracy of bending the blank. In this invention, the threaded rod drives the fixed sleeve to move via the connecting arm. The fixed sleeve applies tension to the rotating shaft and the brush roller via a tension spring. Therefore, during the movement of the fixed sleeve, the brush roller can move along the top of the tooling and the inner wall of the V-groove, thereby applying lubricant to the contact surfaces of the tooling, the V-groove, and the blank. The lubricant reduces the coefficient of friction by forming a lubricating film, preventing scratches and wear on the surfaces of the tooling and the blank, and improving the fluidity of the metal.

[0019] This invention can accurately position the billet, achieve center bending, improve forging accuracy and efficiency, and ensure personnel safety; it can drive the pressure roller to rotate, change the contact surface and cool it, avoiding compression deformation; it can also apply lubricant to the contact surface to reduce friction, prevent surface damage, improve metal flow, and improve the quality of forgings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a tooling forging device for bending forgings provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a tooling forging device for bending forgings provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the tooling, pusher plate, and billet of a bending forging device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the tooling and moving crossbeam of a tooling forging device for bending forging provided by the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the moving crossbeam, rack, pusher plate and isolation plate of a tooling forging device for bending forging provided by the present invention. Figure 6 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the gantry frame and U-shaped support of a tooling forging device for bending forging provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a pressure rod and a movable base of a bending forging device provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of a U-shaped bracket and support frame of a tooling forging device for bending forging provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the gas storage tank and conical nozzle component of a bending forging device provided by the present invention. Figure 10 A flowchart of billet forging using a tooling forging device for bending forgings provided by the present invention; Figure 11A three-dimensional structural diagram of the tooling and brush roller of a tooling forging device for bending forging provided by the present invention. Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the connecting base, fixing sleeve, and connecting arm of a bending forging device provided by the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Tooling; 3. V-groove; 4. Stepped groove; 5. Pressure sensor I; 6. Moving guide groove; 7. Moving crossbeam; 8. Hydraulic oil passage; 9. Piston connecting rod; 10. Guide rod; 11. Pusher plate; 12. Isolation plate; 13. Pressure sensor II; 14. Rack; 15. Gear; 16. Hydraulic conduit; 17. Hydraulic chamber; 18. Hydraulic pressure plate; 19. Pneumatic cylinder; 20. Laser emitting device; 21. Laser receiving device; 22. Gantry frame; 23. Vertical guide groove; 24. Moving base; 25. 26. Elastic spring; 27. Pressure rod; 28. Billet; 29. ​​Hydraulic cylinder; 30. U-shaped bracket; 31. Rotating shaft; 32. Pressure roller; 33. Air inlet; 34. Annular air bladder; 35. Support frame; 36. Air tank; 37. Ventilation pipe; 38. Conical air nozzle component; 39. Arc-shaped panel; 40. Concave groove; 41. Threaded rod; 42. Fixed rod; 43. Connecting arm; 44. Fixed sleeve; 45. Tension spring; 46. Sliding rod; 47. Connecting base; 48. Rotating shaft; 49. Brush roller. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] In one embodiment: Refer to Figures 1-10 The bending forging utilizes a tooling forging device, including a base 1, tooling 2, gantry frame 22, hydraulic cylinder 28, U-shaped bracket 29, pressure roller 31, moving guide groove 6, pusher plate 11, bending assembly, drive structure, and other parts.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6The base 1, serving as the fundamental support component of the entire device, is made of high-strength alloy steel, possessing excellent stability and load-bearing capacity. A fixture 2 and a gantry frame 22 are welded to the top of the base 1, with the fixture 2 located within the gantry frame 22. A hydraulic cylinder 28 is bolted to the top of the gantry frame 22, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 28 extends into the gantry frame 22. A U-shaped bracket 29 is bolted to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 28, sliding within the gantry frame 22. To reduce sliding friction, a copper sliding sleeve is provided on the contact surface between the U-shaped bracket 29 and the gantry frame 22.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The U-shaped bracket 29 contains a pressure roller 31 for pressing and bending the blank 27. The pressure roller 31 is made of high-hardness alloy steel, and its surface is hardened to achieve a hardness of HRC50-55 to improve wear resistance and service life.

[0026] Reference Figures 3-5 The tooling 2 has a movable guide groove 6 on its top, which has a rectangular groove structure. Two pusher plates 11 are installed inside the movable guide groove 6. The two pusher plates 11 are used to extrude and position the billet 27. To increase the stability of the sliding of the pusher plates 11, multiple guide rods 10 are fixed on the side of the two pusher plates 11 that are close to each other. The guide rods 10 are made of round steel with a diameter of 20mm, and one end extends slidably into the movable crossbeam 7.

[0027] Reference Figures 2-5 The end bending structure includes a movable crossbeam 7 sliding within a movable guide groove 6 and a hydraulic oil passage 8 disposed within the movable crossbeam 7. Two piston rods 9 are sealed and slidably mounted within the hydraulic oil passage 8, their ends being bolted to the pusher plate 11. The tooling 2 has a V-shaped groove 3 at its top that communicates with the movable guide groove 6, and stepped grooves 4 on both inner walls. The blank 27 cooperates with the stepped grooves 4 to ensure the stability of the blank 27's position during end bending. Two pressure sensors I5 are fixedly embedded on the opposite sides of the two stepped grooves 4. The pressure sensors I5 are piezoresistive sensors with a range of 0-100 MPa, used to determine the stability of the blank 27's placement when the pusher plate 11 pushes the blank 27 into the stepped groove 4. A rack 14 is fixed to the bottom of the movable crossbeam 7. A gear 15 meshing with the rack 14 is rotatably connected to one inner wall of the movable guide groove 6 via a rotating shaft. The motor drives gear 15 to rotate, and the engagement of gear 15 with rack 14 drives the moving crossbeam 7 to move. The motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor with a power of 2.2kW and a speed of 1440r / min.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The central bending structure includes a laser emitting device 20 fixed to the bottom of the movable crossbeam 7 and a laser receiving device 21 fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the movable guide groove 6. The laser emitting device 20 and the laser receiving device 21 are located at the center of the movable crossbeam 7 and the movable guide groove 6, respectively. The cooperation between the laser receiving device 21 and the laser emitting device 20 allows the movable crossbeam 7 to move to the center position of the fixture 2. A hydraulic chamber 17 is provided below the movable guide groove 6 in the fixture 2. A hydraulic pressure plate 18 is slidably sealed in the hydraulic chamber 17. A pneumatic cylinder 19 is fixed in the fixture 2. The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder 19 slides into the hydraulic chamber 17 and is fixedly connected to one side of the hydraulic pressure plate 18. The pneumatic cylinder 19 is a cylinder with a pressure range of 0.4-0.7 MPa. A hydraulic conduit 16 connected to the hydraulic chamber 17 is fixed in the fixture 2. The hydraulic conduit 16 is located on the side of the hydraulic pressure plate 18 away from the pneumatic cylinder 19, and the top end of the hydraulic conduit 16 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic oil passage 8. The hydraulic pressure plate 18 is moved by the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder 19 to complete the injection and extraction of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil passage 8, and to control the opposite movement of the two piston rods 9. The connection between the hydraulic oil passage 8 and the hydraulic conduit 16 is fitted with an O-ring (made of nitrile rubber).

[0029] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The drive structure is used to drive the pressure roller 31 to rotate during the bending and repositioning process of the pressure roller 31 on the blank 27, changing the surface of the pressure roller 31 that is in later contact with the blank 27. The drive structure includes an annular airbag 33 fixed to the top of the U-shaped bracket 29, and the annular airbag 33 is made of rubber. An air inlet 32 ​​is fixed to one side of the annular airbag 33, and a one-way valve is provided in the air inlet 32 ​​to draw outside air into the annular airbag 33 when it expands and recovers. A rotating shaft 30 is rotatably connected inside the U-shaped bracket 29, and the pressure roller 31 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 30. Two support frames 34 are fixed to one side of the U-shaped bracket 29, and two air tanks 35 are fixedly inserted through the corresponding support frames 34. The air tanks 35 are cylindrical and made of stainless steel. One end of each of the two air tanks 35 is fixedly connected to a ventilation pipe 36, and the top end of each of the two ventilation pipes 36 is fixedly connected to the annular airbag 33. A conical nozzle component 37 is fixedly embedded at the end of the gas tank 35 away from the ventilation pipe 36. The outlet of the conical nozzle component 37 is conical to increase the flow rate of the discharged gas. Two drive impellers are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 30. The drive impellers are composed of multiple arc-shaped panels 38, with a total of 6 arc-shaped panels 38. When the U-shaped bracket 29 moves upward, it compresses the annular airbag 33. The air in the annular airbag 33 is discharged through the ventilation pipe 36, the gas tank 35, and the conical nozzle component 37. The discharged air, in conjunction with the arc-shaped panels 38, drives the rotating shaft 30 and the pressure roller 31 to rotate. A sealing valve can be added to the air inlet 32 ​​to prevent leakage.

[0030] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 Each of the four gantry frames 22 has two vertical guide grooves 23 on its two outermost sides. Each of the four vertical guide grooves 23 has a sliding base 24, which is a rectangular block structure. Each of the four moving bases 24 has an elastic spring 25 fixed to its top via a spring seat. The elastic spring 25 is a cylindrical helical spring with a wire diameter of 5mm, a median diameter of 50mm, a free height of 300mm, and a working load range of 200-500N. The tops of the four elastic springs 25 are fixedly connected to the inner top of the corresponding vertical guide groove 23 via spring seats. A single pressure rod 26 rotates between two moving bases 24 on the same side. Both pressure rods 26 are located above the V-groove 3 and are used to press one end of the billet 27 into the V-groove 3 through the cooperation of the elastic spring 25 and the pressure rod 26 when one end of the billet 27 extends above the V-groove 3, facilitating the subsequent insertion of one end of the billet 27 into the stepped groove 4.

[0031] Reference Figure 5An isolation plate 12 is provided on the side of the pusher plate 11 away from the moving crossbeam 7. The isolation plate 12 is made of rubber and serves as a buffer and protector. A pressure sensor II 13 is fixed on the side of the isolation plate 12 away from the moving crossbeam 7. The pressure sensor II 13 is a piezoresistive sensor with a range of 0-100MPa and is fixedly embedded in the pusher plate 11. It is used to detect the stability of the blank 27 being held by the pusher plate 11 in conjunction with the pressure sensor I 5 during the process of the pusher plate 11 pushing the blank 27 into the stepped groove 4.

[0032] In another embodiment: Refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The movable guide groove 6 has concave grooves 39 on its two mutually spaced inner walls. A threaded rod 40, made of 30mm diameter round steel, is rotatably connected to one of the concave grooves 39, with threads on its surface and a pitch of 5mm. A fixing rod 41, also made of 30mm diameter round steel, is fixed to the other concave groove 39. Connecting arms 42 slide within both concave grooves 39. One connecting arm 42 has an internal thread that mates with the spiral groove on the outer wall of the threaded rod 40, while the other connecting arm 42 slides on the outer wall of the fixing rod 41. A cylindrical fixing sleeve 43 is fixed between the two connecting arms 42. A sliding rod 45 slides at the top of the fixing sleeve 43. A tension spring 44 is fixed between the bottom of the sliding rod 45 and the inner wall of the bottom of the fixed sleeve 43 via a spring seat. The tension spring 44 has a wire diameter of 3mm, a mean diameter of 20mm, a free height of 150mm, and a working load range of 50-150N. A connecting base 46 is fixed to the top of the sliding rod 45, and a rotating shaft 47 rotatably passes through the connecting base 46. Two brush rollers 48 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 47. The brush rollers 48 are cylindrical structures with a diameter of 80mm and a length of 100mm, and the brushes are made of nylon material with a length of 20mm. The threaded rod 40 drives the fixed sleeve 43 to move via the connecting arm 42. The fixed sleeve 43 applies tension to the rotating shaft 47 and the brush rollers 48 via the tension spring 44, causing the brush rollers 48 to contact the upper surface of the tooling 2 and the V-groove 3 to complete the lubricant application operation. Lubricant is applied to the brush roller 48 beforehand, allowing the lubricant to penetrate the brush roller 48. During the movement of the fixed sleeve 43, the brush roller 48 can move along the top of the tooling 2 and the inner wall of the V-groove 3, thereby applying lubricant to the contact surfaces of the tooling 2, the V-groove 3 and the blank 27.

[0033] A forging method for bending forgings using a tooling forging device: The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder 19 pushes the hydraulic pressure plate 18 to move, injecting hydraulic oil from the hydraulic chamber 17 into the hydraulic oil passage 8, driving the two piston connecting rods 9 to move to both sides. Then, the billet 27 is placed on top of the tooling 2. The motor drives the gear 15 to rotate, and the cooperation between the gear 15 and the rack 14 drives the moving beam 7 to move the two pusher plates 11 synchronously. One of the pusher plates 11 pushes the billet 27 to one side. When one end of the billet 27 extends above the V-groove 3, under the cooperation of the pressure rod 26 and the elastic spring 25, one end tilts downward and extends into the V-groove 3, while the other end tilts upward. As the pusher plate 11 continues to push, the billet 27 tilts downward. One end of the billet 27 is gradually moved upward under the guidance of the inclined surface of the V-groove 3 until it moves into the corresponding stepped groove 4. At this time, the pusher plate 11 pushes the billet 27, and the pressure rod 26 applies a downward force to the billet 27, which can make one end of the billet 27 stuck in the stepped groove 4. The pressure sensor I5 on the inner wall of the stepped groove 4 and the pressure sensor II13 in the pusher plate 11 can both detect the pressure signal, completing the initial positioning of the billet 27. The hydraulic cylinder 28 pushes the U-shaped bracket 29 and the pressure roller 31 downward to bend the billet 27 near one end. During bending, the bent end of the billet 27 bends upward and disengages from the stepped groove 4. Then, the gear 15 continues to drive the billet 27 to one side through the moving beam 7 and the pusher plate 11. The workpiece is moved until the unbent end is pressed into the V-groove 3 by the corresponding elastic spring 25 and pressure rod 26. Then, the crossbeam 7 is moved to drive the two pusher plates 11 to move in the opposite direction. The pusher plate 11 near the bent end of the billet 27 contacts the bent end of the billet 27 and pushes the billet 27 to move in the opposite direction, which can move the billet 27 away from the bent end and into the corresponding stepped groove 4. After that, the hydraulic cylinder 28 pushes the pressure roller 31 down again to perform a bending operation on the other end of the billet 27. When both ends of the billet 27 are bent, the pusher plate 11 drives the billet 27 to move so that both bent ends of the billet 27 are above the fixture 2. At this time, the billet 27 is placed on the top of the fixture 2. Then, the output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder 19 drives the hydraulic pressure plate 18 to return to its original position. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil passage 8 is drawn into the hydraulic chamber 17. The two pusher plates 11 move towards the center under the action of the piston connecting rod 9. The two pusher plates 11 clamp the two ends of the blank 27. The gear 15 and the rack 14 drive the moving crossbeam 7 and the clamped blank 27 to move until the laser emitting device 20 and the laser receiving device 21 are aligned. The blank 27 is placed at the top center position of the tooling 2. The hydraulic cylinder 28 pushes the pressure roller 31 down again. The pressure roller 31 applies pressure to the top center position of the blank 27 to complete the center bending operation, thereby obtaining the bent forging. The operation is simple and does not require manual handling of the blank 27 for forging. It not only improves forging efficiency but also ensures the personal safety of the workers.During the extrusion process, the contact surface between the pressure roller 31 and the billet 27 generates heat due to friction, and its temperature is significantly higher than that of the non-contact area, forming a temperature gradient. This gradient can cause thermal stress inside the cylinder. If the stress exceeds the yield strength of the material, it may cause local plastic deformation (such as collapse of the inner wall of the cylinder) or cracking (such as surface cracks). Therefore, after each bending of the billet 27 by the pressure roller 31, when it moves upward and resets, the U-shaped bracket 29 compresses the annular airbag 33, and the air inside the annular airbag 33 passes through the ventilation pipe 36. The air is discharged from the air tank 35 and the conical air nozzle component 37. The discharged air, in conjunction with the arc-shaped panel 38, drives the rotating shaft 30 and the pressure roller 31 to rotate, thereby driving the pressure roller 31 to rotate at a certain angle. This changes the surface of the pressure roller 31 that is in contact with the blank 27, which can both cool the surface of the pressure contact and prevent the pressure roller 31 from pressing the blank 27 with only one surface for a long time, thus avoiding compression deformation and ensuring the accuracy of bending the blank 27. In addition, the exhaust hole of the conical air nozzle component 37 is conical. The design increases the airflow rate, allowing the rotating shaft 30 and the pressure roller 31 to rotate smoothly. When the blank 27 is placed on the fixture 2, the brush roller 48 is positioned between the blank 27 and the fixture 2. The threaded rod 40 is driven to rotate by a motor, and the threaded rod 40 moves the fixed sleeve 43 via the connecting arm 42. The fixed sleeve 43 applies tension to the rotating shaft 47 and the brush roller 48 via a tension spring 44. Therefore, during the movement of the fixed sleeve 43, the brush roller 48 can move along... The tool 2 moves along its top and the inner wall of the V-groove 3, thereby applying lubricant to the contact surfaces of the tool 2, V-groove 3, and blank 27. The lubricant reduces the coefficient of friction by forming a lubricating film, preventing scratches and wear on the surfaces of the tool 2 and blank 27, and improving metal flow. After application, the brush roller 48 is moved into the V-groove 3, and under the action of the tension spring 44, the brush roller 48 is positioned at the lowest end of the V-groove 3, preventing it from interfering with the bending operation of the blank 27.

[0034] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of pressure sensor II13, hydraulic cylinder 28, pressure sensor I5 and pneumatic cylinder 19 are commonplace and are all conventional methods or common knowledge. They will not be described in detail here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0035] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging device for bending forgings using tooling, comprising a base (1), wherein a tooling (2) and a gantry frame (22) are fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), and the tooling (2) is located inside the gantry frame (22), wherein a hydraulic cylinder (28) is fixedly fixed to the top of the gantry frame (22), wherein the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (28) extends into the gantry frame (22) and is fixedly fitted with a U-shaped bracket (29), wherein the U-shaped bracket (29) is slidably connected inside the gantry frame (22), wherein a rotating shaft (30) is rotatably connected inside the U-shaped bracket (29), and a pressure roller (31) for pressing and bending a blank (27) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (30), characterized in that: It also includes a movable guide groove (6) set on the top of the tooling (2), and two pusher plates (11) are provided in the movable guide groove (6); It also includes a drive structure, which includes an annular airbag (33) fixed on the top of the U-shaped bracket (29) and two air tanks (35) set on one side of the U-shaped bracket (29). The two air tanks (35) are fixedly connected to the annular airbag (33) through a ventilation pipe (36). The outer wall of the rotating shaft (30) is fixedly provided with two drive impellers, and the two drive impellers are respectively matched with the two air tanks (35). The tooling (2) is provided with a bending assembly that cooperates with the pressure roller (31). The bending assembly includes an end bending structure and a center bending structure. The end bending structure includes a movable crossbeam (7) slidably connected in the movable guide groove (6), a hydraulic oil passage (8) provided in the movable crossbeam (7), and a V-shaped groove (3) provided on the top of the tooling (2) and connected to the movable guide groove (6). The inner walls on both sides of the V-shaped groove (3) are provided with stepped grooves (4) for positioning the end of the blank (27). Two piston rods (9) are sealed and slidably provided in the hydraulic oil passage (8). The ends of the two piston rods (9) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to two push plates (11). A rack (14) is fixed at the bottom of the movable crossbeam (7). A gear (15) that meshes with the rack (14) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of the movable guide groove (6) through a rotating shaft. The central bending structure includes a laser emitting device (20) fixed to the bottom of the movable crossbeam (7), a laser receiving device (21) fixed to the inner wall of the bottom of the movable guide groove (6), a hydraulic chamber (17) located below the movable guide groove (6) in the fixture (2), a hydraulic pressure plate (18) sealed and slidably disposed in the hydraulic chamber (17), and a pneumatic cylinder (19) fixed in the fixture (2). The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder (19) is fixedly connected to one side of the hydraulic pressure plate (18). A hydraulic conduit (16) connected to the hydraulic chamber (17) is fixedly disposed in the fixture (2). The top end of the hydraulic conduit (16) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic oil passage (8). The laser emitting device (20) and the laser receiving device (21) are used to position the center of the moving crossbeam (7). The pneumatic cylinder (19) drives the hydraulic pressure plate (18) to move, controls the injection and extraction of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil passage (8), and then drives the two push plates (11) to move towards or away from each other. The inner walls of both sides of the movable guide groove (6) are provided with concave grooves (39). A threaded rod (40) is rotatably connected in one of the concave grooves (39), and a fixed rod (41) is fixed in the other concave groove (39). A connecting arm (42) is slidably connected in both concave grooves (39). The same fixed sleeve (43) is fixed between the two connecting arms (42). A sliding rod (45) is slidably connected to the top of the fixed sleeve (43). The bottom end of the sliding rod (45) is elastically connected to the bottom inner wall of the fixed sleeve (43) by a tension spring (44). A connecting base (46) is fixed to the top of the sliding rod (45). Two brush rollers (48) are rotatably connected in the connecting base (46) by a rotating shaft (47). Among them, the rotating threaded rod (40) can drive the fixed sleeve (43) and the brush roller (48) to move through the connecting arm (42). Under the tension of the tension spring (44), the brush roller (48) moves to fit the top of the tooling (2) and the inner wall of the V-groove (3) to apply lubricant.

2. The bending forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two pressure sensors I (5) are fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the two stepped grooves (4) on the side away from each other. An isolation plate (12) is provided on the side of the pusher plate (11) away from the moving crossbeam (7). A pressure sensor II (13) is fixed on the side of the isolation plate (12) away from the moving crossbeam (7), and the pressure sensor II (13) is fixedly embedded in the pusher plate (11). Among them, the pressure sensor I (5) and pressure sensor II (13) are used together to detect whether the billet (27) is stably stuck in the stepped groove (4).

3. The bending forging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner walls of both sides of the gantry frame (22) are provided with two vertical guide grooves (23). Each of the four vertical guide grooves (23) is slidably connected to a movable base (24). The top of each of the four movable bases (24) is elastically connected to the top inner wall of the corresponding vertical guide groove (23) through an elastic spring (25). The same pressure rod (26) is rotatably connected between the two movable bases (24) on the same side. Both pressure rods (26) are located above the V-shaped groove (3). The elastic force of the elastic spring (25) is applied to the blank (27) through the pressure rod (26), which helps one end of the blank to be guided into the V-groove (3).

4. The bending forging device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive structure also includes an air inlet (32) fixed on one side of the annular airbag (33), the air inlet (32) is provided with a one-way valve, and a conical air nozzle component (37) is fixedly embedded at the end of the air tank (35) away from the air pipe (36). When the U-shaped support (29) moves upward, it squeezes the annular airbag (33), and the air inside it is ejected at high speed from the conical air nozzle component (37) at the end of the air tank (35) through the ventilation pipe (36), which impacts and drives the impeller to rotate the rotating shaft (30) and the pressing roller (31).

5. The bending forging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive impeller is composed of multiple arc-shaped panels (38).

6. A forging method for bent forgings using a tooling forging apparatus, applied to the tooling forging apparatus for bent forgings as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Start the pneumatic cylinder (19) to reset the pusher plate (11); place the billet (27) on the tooling (2), drive the moving crossbeam (7) through the gear (15) and rack (14), push the billet (27) along the V-groove (3) and lock it into the stepped groove (4), pressure sensor I (5) and pressure sensor II (13) detect the signal to complete the positioning; hydraulic cylinder (28) pushes the pressing roller (31) down to complete the first end bending; S2. After the bent end of the billet (27) is removed, the pusher plate (11) continues to push the billet so that the unbent end enters the V-groove (3); the moving beam (7) moves in the opposite direction, the pusher plate (11) pushes the bent end of the billet so that the other end is stuck into the stepped groove (4), and the hydraulic cylinder (28) drives the pressing roller (31) again to complete the second end bending. S3. After the billet (27) is bent at both ends, the hydraulic system drives the pusher plate (11) to clamp the two ends of the billet, and the moving beam (7) drives the billet to move. The billet is precisely positioned in the center of the tooling (2) by the laser positioning device, and the pressing roller (31) presses down to complete the center bending. S4. When the pressure roller (31) moves upward, the U-shaped bracket (29) squeezes the annular air bag (33), and the gas is ejected through the conical air nozzle component (37) to drive the pressure roller to rotate, and the contact surface is changed to achieve cooling and prevent deformation. S5. Drive the brush roller (48) to move along the fixture (2) and V-groove (3) to apply lubricant via the threaded rod (40); after completion, the brush roller (48) returns to the lowest end of the V-groove under the action of the tension spring (44).

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