A forging die for forming a brake bearing cup and a method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to brake bearing sleeve forging processing technical field, more specifically, the present application provides a kind of brake bearing sleeve's forging forming die and method thereof.The present application includes base and support foot placed in the bottom of base, base is provided with bottom die, the bottom die is formed with die cavity in it, the top of bottom die is correspondingly provided with upper die connected with external driving member, blank in die cavity is upset by external driving member driving upper die, the die cavity is provided with correction assembly, the correction assembly includes positioning mechanism and cleaning mechanism;When blank enters into die, the positioning mechanism is in first position to guide and center blank;During blank upsetting and expanding diameter, blank extrudes the positioning mechanism to move to second position, while positioning mechanism moves and drives the cleaning mechanism to push and gather and clean oxidation slag in die cavity;The bottom die is provided with blanking channel communicated with die cavity below, for discharging oxidation slag after push and gather from die.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of brake bearing sleeve forging technology, and more specifically, to a forging die and method for brake bearing sleeves. Background Technology

[0002] Brake bearing sleeves are key components in the braking systems of equipment such as wind turbine generators and heavy machinery. They are typically formed from ring forgings through machining. The forging process of large ring forgings usually involves upsetting, punching, reaming, and rolling. The upsetting process involves placing a heated cylindrical blank in the bottom die cavity and pressing it down from the upper die to make it expand radially, initially forming a disc-shaped or ring-shaped blank.

[0003] Existing large ring-shaped forging dies typically include a base, a bottom die, and an upper die, with the bottom die containing a cavity adapted to the shape of the forging. However, such dies generally suffer from the following technical problems in actual production: First, there is the issue of billet eccentricity. When the heated bar stock is put into the die cavity, it is difficult to ensure precise centering. If the billet is not in the center of the die cavity, one side of the billet will contact the die wall first during the upsetting process, resulting in defects such as uneven wall thickness, folds, or even cracks. Traditional dies mostly rely on manual visual adjustment or simple guide ramps, which have low centering accuracy and cannot dynamically maintain centering during the forging process.

[0004] Secondly, there is the issue of oxide scale contamination. A dense layer of oxide scale rapidly forms on the surface of the high-temperature billet. During the upsetting process, the oxide scale is crushed and detached under pressure, falling in large quantities into the bottom of the die cavity. If this oxide scale is not removed in time, it will be pressed into the surface of the forging under subsequent forging pressure, forming defects such as indentations and pitting, which seriously affect the surface quality and fatigue life of the brake bearing sleeve. At the same time, the hard oxide scale particles will also accelerate the wear of the die cavity and shorten the service life of the die.

[0005] Third, the cleaning process is inefficient and fragmented. In existing technologies, oxide scale removal is mostly carried out by manual blowing during forging intervals, high-pressure gas injection, or independent mechanical scraping devices. These methods all require additional time and steps, and cannot be completed simultaneously during the upsetting process, resulting in a longer production cycle. Furthermore, for deep-cavity annular dies, oxide scale at the bottom corners of the die cavity is difficult to remove effectively.

[0006] Fourth, moving parts are prone to causing surface defects. Some improved molds have movable guides or cleaning parts in the mold cavity, but these parts often cannot completely retract below the working surface of the mold cavity at the end of upsetting, resulting in indentations on the surface of the forging or metal squeezing into the gaps of the parts to form flash, affecting the dimensional accuracy and appearance quality of the product.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a forging die and method that can automatically complete centering and guidance, simultaneously clean oxide slag during billet upsetting, and completely retract moving parts after forming to avoid surface defects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a forging die and method for brake bearing sleeves, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as the billet entering the die easily being eccentric, resulting in uneven wall thickness, the inability to synchronously remove oxide slag during the upsetting process, which affects the surface quality of the forging, and the inability of moving parts in the die cavity to fully retract, resulting in indentations on the forging.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a forging die for a brake bearing sleeve, comprising a base and supporting feet placed at the bottom of the base, a bottom die provided on the base, a die cavity formed within the bottom die, and an upper die correspondingly provided at the top of the bottom die and connected to an external driving component, the upper die being driven by the external driving component to upset the blank in the die cavity, a correction component provided in the die cavity, the correction component comprising a positioning mechanism and a cleaning mechanism; when the blank enters the die, the positioning mechanism is in a first position to guide and center the blank; during the upset and diameter expansion process of the blank, the blank squeezes the positioning mechanism to move to a second position, and at the same time, the movement of the positioning mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to push and clean the oxide slag in the die cavity; A material discharge channel communicating with the mold cavity is provided below the bottom mold for discharging the agglomerated oxide slag out of the mold.

[0010] A further technical solution of this application: The positioning mechanism includes an auxiliary correction groove formed on the side wall of the bottom mold, a first retraction groove and a guide block slidably installed in the first retraction groove, and a first push-out spring disposed in the first retraction groove and abutting against the guide block; the guide block extends into the mold cavity under the pushing action of the first push-out spring to guide and center the blank. An auxiliary correction groove is opened on the side wall of the bottom mold and located below the first retraction groove. A correction rod and a third push-out spring are also installed in the auxiliary correction groove. One end of the correction rod is slidably installed in the auxiliary correction groove, and the other end of the correction rod extends into the mold cavity under the pushing action of the third push-out spring. A first connecting shaft is provided at the end of the guide block away from the first push-out spring. One end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the first connecting shaft via a torsion spring. A splicing part is provided inside the other end of the first connecting rod. A second connecting shaft is provided inside the splicing part. The outside of the second connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the correcting rod. During the process of the correcting rod extending into the mold cavity, the first connecting rod is tilted through the second connecting shaft.

[0011] A further technical solution of this application: the upper end surface of the guide block is formed with an inwardly inclined slope, and when the blank falls into the mold cavity from the inclined slope, it abuts against the upper end surface of the inclined first connecting rod.

[0012] A further technical solution of this application: a driven rod is rotatably connected to the outer side of the second connecting shaft; One end of the cleaning mechanism is slidably installed inside the bottom of the mold cavity, and the other end of the driven rod is rotatably connected to the top of the other end of the cleaning mechanism. During the upsetting and diameter expansion of the billet, the driven rod and the first connecting rod are squeezed, squeezing the cleaning mechanism to the inside of the bottom of the mold cavity, and simultaneously pushing the oxide slag generated during upsetting into the feeding channel.

[0013] A further technical solution of this application: The cleaning mechanism specifically includes a guide rod, a pry block and a second retraction groove. The second retraction groove is opened at the bottom of the side wall of the mold cavity, and a second push-out spring is also installed in the second retraction groove. One end of the guide rod is slidably connected in the second retraction groove and abuts against the second push-out spring. The other end of the guide rod extends into the mold cavity, and one end of the lever is connected to the side of the other end of the guide rod. The other end of the driven rod is rotatably connected above the other end of the guide rod.

[0014] A further technical solution of this application: the positioning mechanism and the cleaning mechanism are evenly arranged in four groups along the circumference of the mold cavity, and the paddles in the four groups of cleaning mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mold cavity; in the initial state, the paddles are clustered together, and the inner circumference length of the ring structure formed by all the paddles is less than the inner circumference length of the mold cavity. Each of the aforementioned paddle blocks has a downward-sloping side facing the inner wall of the mold cavity. The slope is used to gather more oxide residue when the guide rod drives the paddle block to move radially outward, and to push and scrape the oxide residue downward to the bottom of the mold cavity.

[0015] A further technical solution of this application: The material feeding channel specifically includes a receiving ring groove opened at the bottom of the bottom mold, and a feeding cavity opened downward in the receiving ring groove. The feeding cavity is also provided with a material feeding groove extending to the outside of the base. The material feeding groove has a spiral ring-shaped sloping structure.

[0016] A further technical solution of this application: the feed inlet of the feeding trough covers the bottom of the feeding chamber, after the pusher pushes the oxide slag into the receiving ring groove, the oxide slag is discharged from the base through the feeding chamber and the feeding trough in sequence, and the pusher is collected in the receiving ring groove during the billet upsetting and diameter expansion process.

[0017] A further technical solution of this application: the mold cavity sidewall is provided with a splicing groove along the bottom of the guide block, the splicing groove is used to accommodate the first connecting rod and the driven rod during the upsetting and diameter expansion process of the billet.

[0018] A method for forging a brake bearing sleeve using a forging die, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Provide a billet heated to the forging temperature, and put the billet into the cavity of the bottom mold. The positioning mechanism in the correction assembly guides and centers the billet, keeping it in the center of the mold cavity. Step 2: Drive the upper die downward to upset and expand the diameter of the billet. During the radial outward expansion of the billet, the billet squeezes the positioning mechanism to move the positioning mechanism to the second position. At the same time, during the movement of the positioning mechanism, it drives the cleaning mechanism to push and clean the oxide slag in the mold cavity and push the pushed oxide slag into the feeding channel. Step 3: After upsetting is completed, the upper die is lifted and removed, and the billet is formed in the die cavity. The oxide slag is discharged outside the base through the material discharge channel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages: This invention incorporates a correction component within the mold cavity. The positioning mechanism within this component guides and centers the billet circumferentially during entry into the mold, ensuring precise alignment. During upsetting and diameter expansion, the billet expands radially outward, uniformly compressing the positioning mechanisms and further maintaining dynamic alignment. This effectively avoids defects such as uneven wall thickness and folding caused by eccentricity, significantly improving the dimensional accuracy and material utilization of the forgings. The correction component also includes a cleaning mechanism, which is mechanically linked to the positioning mechanism. As the positioning mechanism retracts under the pressure of the billet, its movement directly drives the cleaning mechanism, pushing and cleaning the oxide slag in the mold cavity and directing it into the discharge channel. This design integrates the previously independent actions of centering and slag removal into a single, purely mechanically linked system, eliminating the need for additional power sources, sensors, or control systems. Oxide slag removal is completed simultaneously during upsetting, significantly reducing auxiliary time and improving production efficiency.

[0020] This invention features a downward-sloping surface on the side of the cleaning mechanism's pusher block facing the inner wall of the mold cavity. When the pusher block moves radially outward under the drive of the guide rod, this slope gathers the oxide slag downwards and towards the center of the mold cavity bottom, scraping it to the bottom and preventing it from scattering outwards or remaining on the mold cavity sidewalls. Compared to traditional horizontal pusher plates or gas purging methods, the sloped structure gathers more oxide slag, resulting in more thorough cleaning and effectively preventing oxide slag from being pressed into the forging surface. Simultaneously, the feeding chute of this invention is designed as a spiral annular ramp structure, with its inlet covering a large area of ​​the bottom of the feeding cavity. During forging, the vibration generated by the upsetting impact causes the oxide slag to automatically slide down the spiral ramp and be discharged outside the base. Compared to traditional straight small holes or single channels, the spiral ramp structure increases the slag discharge area, avoiding blockage problems caused by oxide slag accumulation and ensuring the stability of long-term continuous production.

[0021] 3. This invention features a receiving annular groove at the bottom of the mold base and a joining groove at the bottom of the guide block. When upsetting is complete, the billet fills the mold cavity, the pusher block is completely housed in the receiving annular groove, and simultaneously, the first connecting rod and the driven rod are completely housed in the joining groove. All moving parts do not protrude from the working surface of the mold cavity at the end of forming, resulting in a complete and smooth annular curved surface on the inner wall of the mold cavity. This design avoids the defects of surface indentations and metal squeezing into gaps on forgings caused by the inability of moving parts to fully retract in traditional molds, significantly improving the surface quality of the brake bearing sleeve. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving ring groove, the feeding chamber, and the unloading groove of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving annular groove and the feeding chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding trough of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bottom of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Bottom mold; 2. Upper mold; 3. Correction assembly; 4. Base; 5. Support foot; 6. First retraction groove; 7. First ejection spring; 8. Guide block; 9. Assembly groove; 10. First connecting rod; 11. Driven rod; 12. Feeding chamber; 13. First connecting shaft; 14. Discharge groove; 15. Auxiliary correction groove; 16. Second retraction groove; 17. Guide rod; 18. Pulley; 19. Second ejection spring; 20. Torsion spring; 21. Receiving ring groove; 22. Second connecting shaft; 23. Assembly part; 24. Correction rod; 25. Third ejection spring. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. Example

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 7 In one embodiment of this application, a forging die for a brake bearing sleeve includes a base 4 and support feet 5 placed at the bottom of the base 4. A bottom die 1 is provided on the base 4, and a die cavity is formed inside the bottom die 1. An upper die 2 connected to an external driving component is correspondingly provided at the top of the bottom die 1. The external driving component drives the upper die 2 to upset the blank in the die cavity. A correction component 3 is provided in the die cavity. The correction component 3 includes a positioning mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. When the blank enters the die, the positioning mechanism is in a first position to guide and center the blank. During the upset and diameter expansion process of the blank, the blank squeezes the positioning mechanism to move to a second position. At the same time, during the movement of the positioning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to push and clean the oxide slag in the die cavity. The bottom mold 1 is provided with a material discharge channel communicating with the mold cavity, which is used to discharge the agglomerated oxide slag from the mold.

[0026] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism includes an auxiliary correction groove 15 formed on the side wall of the bottom mold 1, a first retraction groove 6, and a guide block 8 slidably installed in the first retraction groove 6, as well as a first push-out spring 7 disposed in the first retraction groove 6 and abutting against the guide block 8; the guide block 8 extends into the mold cavity under the pushing action of the first push-out spring 7 to guide and center the blank. The auxiliary correction groove 15 is opened in the side wall of the bottom mold 1 below the first retraction groove 6. The auxiliary correction groove 15 is also equipped with a correction rod 24 and a third push-out spring 25. One end of the correction rod 24 is slidably installed in the auxiliary correction groove 15, and the correction rod 24 extends into the mold cavity under the pushing action of the third push-out spring 25. The guide block 8 is provided with a first connecting shaft 13 at the end away from the first push-out spring 7. The outer side of the first connecting shaft 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod 10 through a torsion spring 20. The other end of the first connecting rod 10 is provided with a splicing part 23, and a second connecting shaft 22 is provided in the splicing part 23. The other end of the second connecting shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the correction rod 24. During the process of the correction rod 24 extending into the mold cavity, the first connecting rod 10 is tilted.

[0027] Furthermore, the upper end face of the guide block 8 is formed with an inwardly inclined slope, and when the blank falls into the mold cavity from the inclined slope, it abuts against the upper end face of the inclined first connecting rod 10.

[0028] In this embodiment, the mold is mounted on the worktable of a forging press. Specifically, the mold includes a base 4 and support legs 5 fixedly connected to the four corners of the base 4. A bottom mold 1 is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper surface of the base 4. The bottom mold 1 is cylindrical or annular in shape, and has a cavity inside for accommodating the blank. The shape of the cavity matches the shape of the blank of the brake bearing sleeve forging. An upper mold 2 is positioned directly above the top of the bottom mold 1, i.e., directly above the opening of the cavity. The upper mold 2 is connected to an external drive component, which drives the upper mold 2 to reciprocate vertically to perform upsetting on the blank in the cavity.

[0029] To address the technical problem of uneven wall thickness caused by eccentricity of the billet during mold entry in existing technologies, this embodiment incorporates a correction component 3 inside the mold cavity. This correction component 3 includes a positioning mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The positioning mechanism primarily guides and centers the billet during mold entry, ensuring it is precisely positioned on the central axis of the mold cavity. The cleaning mechanism pushes and discharges oxide slag that falls to the bottom of the mold cavity during the upsetting process. More importantly, the positioning mechanism and the cleaning mechanism are mechanically linked, allowing the positioning mechanism to directly drive the cleaning mechanism during the billet retraction under extrusion, thus achieving a dual-function effect with a single extrusion. A discharge channel communicating with the mold cavity is located below the bottom mold 1 to discharge the pushed oxide slag from the mold.

[0030] In this embodiment, the positioning mechanism includes a first retraction groove 6 and an auxiliary correction groove 15 formed on the side wall of the bottom mold 1. The first retraction groove 6 is located slightly above the center of the mold cavity side wall, extending approximately radially along the bottom mold 1, with its opening facing the interior of the mold cavity. A guide block 8 is slidably installed within the first retraction groove 6. The shape of the guide block 8 matches the cross-sectional shape of the first retraction groove 6 to ensure that the guide block 8 can only slide radially without deflection.

[0031] A first push-out spring 7 is provided between the guide block 8 and the bottom of the first retraction groove 6. This first push-out spring 7 is preferably a compression spring or a disc spring, with one end abutting the bottom of the first retraction groove 6 and the other end abutting the back of the guide block 8. Under the elastic pushing action of the first push-out spring 7, the guide block 8 is naturally pushed into the mold cavity when there is no blank pressure, with its end facing the mold cavity extending a certain distance into the mold cavity; this state is defined as the first position. When the blank is placed in the mold cavity and undergoes upsetting and diameter expansion, the blank expands radially outward, applying a pushing force to the front end of the guide block 8, overcoming the elastic force of the first push-out spring 7, causing the guide block 8 to slide and retract into the first retraction groove 6; this state is defined as the second position.

[0032] Meanwhile, a first connecting shaft 13 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide block 8 away from the first push-out spring 7, i.e., at the front end of the guide block 8. The outer side of the first connecting shaft 13 is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod 10 via a torsion spring 20. The first connecting rod 10 has a long, rod-shaped structure, and a splicing portion 23 is provided inside the end away from the first connecting shaft 13. The splicing portion 23 can be a through-hole or an open slot structure. A second connecting shaft 22 is provided inside the splicing portion 23. A corrective rod 24 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the second connecting shaft 22.

[0033] When the correcting rod 24 extends into the mold cavity under the push of the third push-out spring 25, the end of the correcting rod 24 drives the first connecting rod 10 to swing through the second connecting shaft 22, so that the first connecting rod 10 changes from a roughly horizontal or inclined state to an inclined state. This inclined state creates conditions for the initial guidance of the subsequent blank when it enters the mold.

[0034] To further enhance the guiding effect, the upper surface of the guide block 8 is machined into an inwardly inclined slope. Specifically, this slope gradually slopes downward from the back of the guide block 8 towards the free end, forming a smooth guide ramp. When the billet is dropped into the mold cavity from above, the bottom edge of the billet first contacts this slope and slides down into the mold cavity under the action of gravity. At the same time, the billet also comes into contact with the upper surface of the first connecting rod 10, which is in an inclined position, during the sliding process. The upper surface of the first connecting rod 10 can be further configured as an arc surface or slope that matches the shape of the billet, thereby forming a guiding channel together with the slope of the guide block 8 to initially center the billet. This dual guiding design ensures that even if there is a slight deviation in the billet during the initial placement, it can be automatically corrected to near the center of the mold cavity during the sliding process, laying a good foundation for precise centering in the subsequent upsetting process.

[0035] Specifically, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the billet heated to the forging temperature is placed into the cavity of the bottom mold 1. During the falling process, the billet first contacts the inwardly inclined surface of the upper end face of the guide block 8 and slides down the inclined surface under the action of gravity; at the same time, the side of the billet abuts against the upper end face of the first connecting rod 10, which is in an inclined state. The guide block 8 and the first connecting rod 10 jointly guide and roughly position the billet, so that the billet is approximately located in the center of the mold cavity. At this time, the positioning mechanism is in the first position.

[0036] Subsequently, the upper die 2 is driven downward to upset and expand the diameter of the billet. During the radial outward expansion of the billet, the outer circumference of the billet first contacts and presses the front end of the guide block 8, overcoming the elastic force of the first ejector spring 7, causing the guide block 8 to retract into the first retraction groove 6, and the positioning mechanism moves to the second position. At the same time, the expansion of the billet also presses the correction rod 24, overcoming the elastic force of the third ejector spring 25, causing it to retract into the auxiliary correction groove 15. The retraction of the guide block 8 and the correction rod 24 drives the cleaning mechanism through the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting shaft 22 to push and clean the oxide slag in the mold cavity, and push the pushed oxide slag into the feeding channel.

[0037] After upsetting is completed, the upper die 2 is lifted and withdrawn, and the billet is formed in the die cavity. The oxide slag is discharged outside the base 4 through the material discharge channel. The first ejection spring 7 and the third ejection spring 25 drive the guide block 8 and the correction rod 24 to reset, so that the correction assembly 3 returns to its initial state, ready for the next forging cycle. Example

[0038] Please continue reading. Figures 1 to 7 Based on Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment further defines the specific structure of the cleaning mechanism, the linkage relationship, the inclined surface design of the push block, and the construction of the feeding channel. Figures 1 to 7 The same applies to this embodiment, and the meanings of the relevant reference numerals are the same as in Embodiment 1. The following focuses on describing the differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1, and the same parts will not be repeated.

[0039] One end of the driven rod 11 is also rotatably connected to the outside of the second connecting shaft 22; One end of the cleaning mechanism is slidably installed on the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity, and the other end of the driven rod 11 is rotatably connected to the top of the other end of the cleaning mechanism. During the upsetting and diameter expansion of the billet, the driven rod 11 and the first connecting rod 10 are squeezed, and the cleaning mechanism is squeezed to the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity, and the oxide slag generated by upsetting is pushed into the feeding channel at the same time.

[0040] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism specifically includes a guide rod 17, a pry block 18, and a second retraction groove 16. The second retraction groove 16 is opened inside the bottom of the mold cavity, and a second push-out spring 19 is also installed in the second retraction groove 16. One end of the guide rod 17 is slidably connected in the second retraction groove 16 and abuts against the second push-out spring 19. The other end of the guide rod 17 extends into the mold cavity, and one end of the lever 18 is connected to the side of the other end of the guide rod 17. The other end of the driven rod 11 is rotatably connected to the top of the other end of the guide rod 17.

[0041] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism and the cleaning mechanism are evenly arranged in at least four groups along the circumference of the mold cavity, and the paddle blocks 18 in the four cleaning mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mold cavity; in the initial state, each paddle block 18 is brought together with each other, and the inner circumference length of the annular structure formed by all the paddle blocks 18 is less than the inner circumference length of the mold cavity. Each of the aforementioned paddle blocks 18 is configured with a downwardly sloping side facing the inner wall of the mold cavity. The sloping side is used to gather more oxide slag when the guide rod 17 drives the paddle block 18 to move radially outward, and to push and scrape the oxide slag downward to the bottom of the mold cavity.

[0042] Furthermore, the material feeding channel specifically includes a receiving ring groove 21 opened at the bottom of the bottom mold 1. The receiving ring groove 21 has a feeding cavity 12 that is connected downward. The feeding cavity 12 also has a material feeding groove 14 that extends to the outside of the base 4. The material feeding groove 14 has a spiral ring-shaped sloping structure.

[0043] Furthermore, the feed inlet of the feeding trough 14 covers the bottom of the feeding chamber 12. After the pusher block 18 pushes the oxide slag into the receiving ring groove 21, the oxide slag is discharged from the base 4 through the feeding chamber 12 and the feeding trough 14 in sequence. The pusher block 18 is collected in the receiving ring groove 21 during the billet upsetting and diameter expansion process.

[0044] Furthermore, the bottom of the guide block 8 is provided with a splicing groove 9, which is used to accommodate the first connecting rod 10 and the driven rod 11 during the upsetting and diameter expansion process of the billet.

[0045] In this embodiment, in addition to the first connecting rod 10 and the correcting rod 24 being rotatably connected, the outer side of the second connecting shaft 22 is also rotatably connected to one end of the driven rod 11. That is, the driven rod 11, the first connecting rod 10, and the correcting rod 24 share the same second connecting shaft 22 as a rotation fulcrum, forming a three-bar hinge structure. The other end of the driven rod 11 extends downward and is rotatably connected above the other end of the cleaning mechanism.

[0046] One end of the cleaning mechanism is slidably mounted on the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity. Specifically, the cleaning mechanism includes a guide rod 17, a lever 18, and a second retraction groove 16. The second retraction groove 16 is formed on the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity. The guide rod 17 is slidably mounted in the second retraction groove 16, and a second push-out spring 19 is provided between one end of the guide rod 17 and the bottom of the second retraction groove 16. Under the pushing action of the second push-out spring 19, the guide rod 17 slides towards the center of the mold cavity in its natural state, with the end facing the center of the mold cavity extending into the mold cavity a certain distance.

[0047] A lever 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide rod 17 located inside the mold cavity. The lever 18 has a roughly arc-shaped structure, and its lower end face is basically flush with or slightly higher than the upper surface of the bottom of the mold cavity, so as to effectively scrape off the oxide slag accumulated at the bottom of the mold cavity during movement. The end of the driven rod 11 away from the second connecting shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the top of the other end of the guide rod 17 through a pin or other type of hinge structure.

[0048] With the above structure, when the driven rod 11 and the first connecting rod 10 are squeezed during the upsetting and diameter expansion of the billet, the swing motion of the driven rod 11 is converted into the linear sliding of the guide rod 17 in a direction away from the center of the mold cavity, thereby squeezing the cleaning mechanism to the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity and simultaneously pushing the oxide slag generated by upsetting into the feeding channel.

[0049] Meanwhile, to ensure a uniform distribution of the centering force on the billet and the cohesive force on the oxide slag, the positioning mechanism and the cleaning mechanism are evenly arranged in at least four sets along the circumference of the mold cavity. In this embodiment, the number of positioning mechanisms and cleaning mechanisms is the same and they correspond one-to-one. The push blocks 18 in the four cleaning mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mold cavity and are independent of each other.

[0050] In the initial state, the pry blocks 18 are pushed together by the second abutment spring 19, with their ends facing the center of the mold cavity approaching or even slightly touching each other. The inner circumference of the annular structure formed by all the pry blocks 18 is designed to be less than the inner circumference of the mold cavity. In other words, in the initial state, the front end of the pry block 18 does not completely fill the entire bottom of the mold cavity, but leaves an opening in the central area of ​​the bottom of the mold cavity. The purpose of this design is that when the blank is put into the mold cavity, the bottom of the blank first contacts the inclined surface of the guide block 8, and does not hit the pry block 18, thus ensuring that the blank can fall smoothly into the bottom of the mold cavity without being stuck or blocked by the pry block 18.

[0051] Each paddle 18 has a downward-sloping side facing the inner wall of the mold cavity. The slope of the paddle 18 gradually slopes from the top to the bottom and from the inside to the outside, forming a wedge-shaped or blade-shaped structure.

[0052] The inclined surface has a dual function when the guide rod 17 drives the paddle block 18 to move radially outward: First, the inclined surface can gather the oxide slag accumulated at the bottom of the mold cavity like a shovel or scraper and push it downward and outward. Compared with a vertical push plate, the inclined surface structure can gather more oxide slag, preventing the oxide slag from accumulating or being pushed away in front of the push plate, thereby improving cleaning efficiency and thoroughness. Second, when the paddle block 18 is finally housed in the receiving ring groove 21 described later, the inclined surface forms a smooth sliding fit with the opening edge of the receiving ring groove 21, ensuring smooth and unobstructed housing action.

[0053] In this embodiment, the feeding channel specifically includes three levels: a receiving ring groove 21, a feeding chamber 12, and a feeding trough 14.

[0054] A receiving annular groove 21 is formed at the bottom of the bottom mold 1, specifically as a ring-shaped groove at the edge of the bottom of the mold cavity. The width and depth of the receiving annular groove 21 are designed according to the size of the push block 18 and the expected accumulation of oxide slag. A feeding chamber 12 is formed downwards at the bottom of the receiving annular groove 21. The feeding chamber 12 can be an annular cavity. The feeding chamber 12 serves as a transfer area for the oxide slag to flow downwards from the receiving annular groove 21, and its volume should be sufficient to accommodate the oxide slag generated in one or more upsetting processes to avoid blockage during continuous production.

[0055] The feed chamber 12 also has a discharge trough 14 extending to the outside of the base 4. The discharge trough 14 has a spiral annular sloping structure. Specifically, the feed inlet of the discharge trough 14, which is connected to the feed chamber 12, extends at a certain angle in the circumferential direction, and its opening area covers most of the bottom area of ​​the feed chamber 12. Starting from the feed inlet, the discharge trough 14 extends downward in a spiral manner along the interior of the bottom mold 1 and the base 4, eventually reaching the discharge port at the bottom of the base 4, connecting to the outside of the mold.

[0056] The advantages of this spiral annular ramp structure are as follows: compared to traditional vertical small holes or single inclined holes, the spiral structure provides a larger slag discharge cross section, and the presence of the ramp allows the oxide slag to slide off automatically under gravity; more importantly, the impact and vibration generated by each downward press of the upper die during forging are transmitted to the discharge groove 14, causing the oxide slag stuck on the ramp surface to shift and gradually slide off, thus effectively preventing blockage. At the same time, the spiral structure avoids opening a complete annular through groove at the bottom of the bottom die 1, which would cause the bottom die to lose sufficient support strength, and instead maximizes the slag discharge capacity while ensuring the structural strength of the bottom die 1.

[0057] Therefore, the inlet of the feeding trough 14 covers the bottom of the feeding chamber 12, so that the oxide residue falling into the feeding chamber 12 can smoothly enter the feeding trough 14. After the pusher block 18 pushes the oxide residue into the receiving ring groove 21, the oxide residue is discharged from the outside of the base 4 through the feeding chamber 12 and the feeding trough 14 in sequence.

[0058] During the upsetting and diameter expansion of the billet, as the pusher block 18 moves radially outward to its limit position under the drive of the guide rod 17, the pusher block 18 is completely housed in the receiving annular groove 21. Specifically, when the pusher block 18 moves to the point where its outer inclined surface begins to contact the opening edge of the receiving annular groove 21, the pusher block 18 smoothly slides into the receiving annular groove 21 under the guidance of the inclined surface. When the upsetting is nearly completed and the billet is about to fill the entire mold cavity, the pusher block 18 is completely housed in the receiving annular groove 21, with its side facing the inner wall of the mold cavity basically flush with the inner wall of the mold cavity, and its top surface basically flush with the bottom surface of the mold cavity. In this way, in the state of completed upsetting, the pusher block 18, which originally protruded from the working surface of the mold cavity, is completely hidden in the receiving annular groove 21, and the inner wall of the mold cavity forms a complete, smooth, protrusion-free, and gapless annular curved surface. This design fundamentally avoids the problem of indentations forming on the surface of forgings or metal squeezing into gaps and forming flash due to the inability of the pusher to fully retract.

[0059] The splicing groove 9 and the receiving ring groove 21 in Embodiment 2 together constitute a complete movable component storage structure. Specifically, the receiving ring groove 21 is responsible for storing the push block 18. When upsetting is completed, the push block 18 is completely pushed into the receiving ring groove 21, with its side facing the inner wall of the mold cavity flush with the inner wall of the mold cavity, and its top surface flush with the bottom surface of the mold cavity.

[0060] The splicing groove 9 is responsible for accommodating the first connecting rod 10 and the driven rod 11. When the upsetting is completed, the first connecting rod 10 and the driven rod 11 are completely accommodated in the splicing groove 9 and do not protrude from the bottom surface of the guide block 8.

[0061] Through the coordinated operation of these two storage structures, all moving parts that were originally located within the working area of ​​the die cavity before upsetting are completely stored in the inactive area of ​​the die cavity after upsetting is completed. This ensures that the working surface of the die cavity is a complete annular curved surface without any protrusions or gaps when the billet is finally formed, thus avoiding defects such as forging surface indentations and metal squeezing into gaps caused by the inability of moving parts to fully retract in traditional dies.

[0062] The mold in this embodiment operates according to the following steps: Step 1: The billet heated to the forging temperature is placed into the cavity of the bottom mold 1. During the falling process, the billet first contacts the inwardly inclined surface of the upper end face of the guide block 8 and slides down the inclined surface under the action of gravity; at the same time, the side of the billet abuts against the upper end face of the first connecting rod 10, which is in an inclined state. The guide block 8 and the first connecting rod 10 jointly guide and roughly position the billet. At this time, each push block 18 is in an initial state of mutual convergence under the action of the second push spring 19. The inner circumference of its combination is smaller than the inner circumference of the mold cavity, and the bottom of the billet falls smoothly into the central area of ​​the bottom of the mold cavity.

[0063] Step 2: Upsetting and expanding the diameter. Drive the upper die 2 downwards, first lightly tap the billet to loosen the surface oxide scale, and then continue to move downwards for upsetting and expanding the diameter. During the radial outward expansion of the billet, the outer peripheral surface of the billet first contacts and presses the front end of the guide block 8, overcoming the elastic force of the first push-out spring 7, causing the guide block 8 to retract into the first retraction groove 6; at the same time, the expansion of the billet also presses the correction rod 24, overcoming the elastic force of the third push-out spring 25, causing it to retract into the auxiliary correction groove 15.

[0064] Step 3: At this time, the retraction of guide block 8 and correcting rod 24 drives driven rod 11 to swing via first connecting rod 10 and second connecting shaft 22. The swing of driven rod 11 pushes guide rod 17 to slide radially outward against the elastic force of second push-out spring 19, thereby driving push block 18 to move radially outward in sync. During the movement, the outer inclined surface of push block 18 scoops up, pushes, and scrapes the oxide slag accumulated at the bottom of the mold cavity towards the edge of the mold cavity, and finally pushes the oxide slag into the receiving ring groove 21.

[0065] Step 4: As upsetting proceeds, the billet diameter continues to increase. When the pusher block 18 moves to the edge of the opening of the receiving annular groove 21 on its outer inclined surface, the pusher block 18 smoothly slides into the receiving annular groove 21 under the guidance of the inclined surface. When upsetting is completed, the pusher block 18 is completely received in the receiving annular groove 21, its outer surface is flush with the inner wall of the mold cavity, its top surface is flush with the bottom surface of the mold cavity, and the inner wall of the mold cavity forms a complete and smooth annular curved surface.

[0066] Step 5: After upsetting is completed, the upper die 2 is lifted and withdrawn. The oxide slag pushed into the receiving annular groove 21 by the pusher block 18 falls into the feed chamber 12 below under the action of gravity. Under the impact vibration generated during the forging process, the oxide slag in the feed chamber 12 slowly slides down the discharge groove 14 of the spiral annular ramp structure and is finally discharged from the mold from the discharge port outside the base 4. After the upper die 2 is lifted, the first ejector spring 7, the second ejector spring 19 and the third ejector spring 25 drive the guide block 8, the guide rod 17 and the correction rod 24 to slide and reset towards the center of the mold cavity, respectively. The torsion spring 20 assists the first connecting rod 10 and the driven rod 11 to return to the initial state. The entire correction assembly 3 automatically resets and waits for the next forging cycle. Example

[0067] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a method for applying a forging die to a brake bearing sleeve: The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Provide a billet heated to the forging temperature, and put the billet into the cavity of the bottom mold 1. The positioning mechanism in the correction assembly 3 guides and centers the billet, so that the billet is kept in the center position of the mold cavity. Step 2: Drive the upper mold 2 downward to upset and expand the diameter of the billet. During the radial outward expansion of the billet, the billet squeezes the positioning mechanism to move the positioning mechanism to the second position. At the same time, during the movement of the positioning mechanism, it drives the cleaning mechanism to push and clean the oxide slag in the mold cavity and push the pushed oxide slag into the feeding channel. Step 3: After upsetting is completed, the upper die 2 is lifted and withdrawn, and the billet is formed in the die cavity. The oxide slag is discharged from the outside of the base 4 through the material discharge channel.

[0068] In summary, this invention, by incorporating a correction component within the mold cavity, allows the positioning mechanism inside the correction component to guide and center the billet from multiple points circumferentially when it enters the mold, ensuring the billet is precisely centered within the mold cavity. During the upsetting and diameter expansion process, the billet expands radially outward, uniformly compressing each positioning mechanism, further maintaining the dynamic centering of the billet. This effectively avoids defects such as uneven wall thickness and folding caused by eccentricity, significantly improving the dimensional accuracy and material utilization of the forgings. The correction component also includes a cleaning mechanism, and the positioning and cleaning mechanisms are mechanically linked. During the retraction of the positioning mechanism by the billet, the movement of the positioning mechanism directly drives the cleaning mechanism to push and clean the oxide slag in the mold cavity and push the oxide slag into the discharge channel. This design integrates the two originally independent actions of centering and slag removal into one through pure mechanical linkage, eliminating the need for additional power sources, sensors, or control systems. Oxide slag removal is completed simultaneously during the upsetting process, significantly shortening auxiliary time and improving production efficiency. This invention features a downward-sloping surface on the side of the cleaning mechanism's pusher block facing the inner wall of the mold cavity. When the pusher block moves radially outward under the drive of the guide rod, this slope gathers the oxide slag downwards and towards the center of the mold cavity bottom, scraping it to the bottom and preventing it from scattering outwards or remaining on the mold cavity sidewalls. Compared to traditional horizontal pusher plates or gas purging methods, the sloped structure gathers more oxide slag, resulting in more thorough cleaning and effectively preventing oxide slag from being pressed into the forging surface. Simultaneously, the feeding chute of this invention is designed as a spiral annular ramp structure, with its inlet covering a large area of ​​the bottom of the feeding cavity. During forging, the vibration generated by the upsetting impact causes the oxide slag to automatically slide down the spiral ramp and be discharged outside the base. Compared to traditional straight small holes or single channels, the spiral ramp structure increases the slag discharge area, avoiding blockage problems caused by oxide slag accumulation and ensuring the stability of long-term continuous production.

[0069] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0070] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A forging die for a brake bearing sleeve, comprising a base (4) and support feet (5) placed at the bottom of the base (4), a bottom die (1) is provided on the base (4), a die cavity is formed inside the bottom die (1), and an upper die (2) connected to an external driving component is correspondingly provided at the top of the bottom die (1), wherein the upper die (2) is driven by the external driving component to upset the blank in the die cavity, characterized in that: The mold cavity is provided with a correction component (3), which includes a positioning mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. When the billet enters the mold, the positioning mechanism is in the first position to guide and center the billet. During the upsetting and diameter expansion process of the billet, the billet squeezes the positioning mechanism to move to the second position. At the same time, the positioning mechanism drives the cleaning mechanism to push and clean the oxide slag in the mold cavity during the movement. The bottom mold (1) is provided with a feeding channel communicating with the mold cavity, which is used to discharge the agglomerated oxide slag from the mold. The positioning mechanism includes an auxiliary correction groove (15) formed on the side wall of the bottom mold (1), a first retraction groove (6), and a guide block (8) slidably installed in the first retraction groove (6), as well as a first push-out spring (7) disposed in the first retraction groove (6) and abutting against the guide block (8); the guide block (8) extends into the mold cavity under the pushing action of the first push-out spring (7) to guide and center the blank. An auxiliary correction groove (15) is opened on the side wall of the bottom mold (1) and located below the first retraction groove (6). A correction rod (24) and a third push-out spring (25) are also installed in the auxiliary correction groove (15). One end of the correction rod (24) is slidably installed in the auxiliary correction groove (15), and the other end of the correction rod (24) extends into the mold cavity under the pushing action of the third push-out spring (25). A first connecting shaft (13) is provided at the end of the guide block (8) away from the first push-out spring (7). The outer side of the first connecting shaft (13) is rotatably connected to one end of the first connecting rod (10) via a torsion spring (20). The other end of the first connecting rod (10) is provided with a splicing part (23). A second connecting shaft (22) is provided inside the splicing part (23). The outer side of the second connecting shaft (22) is rotatably connected to the other end of the correction rod (24). During the process of the correction rod (24) extending into the mold cavity, the first connecting rod (10) is tilted through the second connecting shaft (22). The second connecting shaft (22) is also rotatably connected to one end of the driven rod (11); One end of the cleaning mechanism is slidably installed on the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity, and the other end of the driven rod (11) is rotatably connected to the top of the other end of the cleaning mechanism. During the upsetting and diameter expansion of the billet, the driven rod (11) and the first connecting rod (10) are squeezed, the cleaning mechanism is squeezed to the inner side of the bottom of the mold cavity, and the oxide slag generated during upsetting is pushed into the feeding channel at the same time. The cleaning mechanism specifically includes a guide rod (17), a pry block (18), and a second retraction groove (16). The second retraction groove (16) is opened at the bottom of the side wall of the mold cavity, and a second push-out spring (19) is also installed in the second retraction groove (16). One end of the guide rod (17) is slidably connected in the second retraction groove (16) and abuts against the second push-out spring (19). The other end of the guide rod (17) extends into the mold cavity, and one end of the lever (18) is connected to the side of the other end of the guide rod (17). The other end of the driven rod (11) is rotatably connected to the top of the other end of the guide rod (17). The mold cavity sidewall is provided with a splicing groove (9) at the bottom of the guide block (8). The splicing groove (9) is used to accommodate the first connecting rod (10) and the driven rod (11) during the upsetting and expansion of the billet.

2. The forging die for a brake bearing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end face of the guide block (8) is formed with an inwardly inclined slope, and when the blank falls into the mold cavity from the inclined slope, it abuts against the upper end face of the inclined first connecting rod (10).

3. The forging die for a brake bearing sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism and cleaning mechanism are evenly arranged in four groups along the circumference of the mold cavity. The paddles (18) in the four groups of cleaning mechanisms are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mold cavity. In the initial state, each paddle (18) is brought together, and the inner circumference length of the ring structure formed by all the paddles (18) is less than the inner circumference length of the mold cavity. Each of the aforementioned paddles (18) has a downwardly sloping side facing the inner wall of the mold cavity. The slope is used to gather more oxide residue when the guide rod (17) drives the paddles (18) to move radially outward and to push the oxide residue downward to the bottom of the mold cavity.

4. The forging die for a brake bearing sleeve according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material feeding channel specifically includes a receiving ring groove (21) opened at the bottom of the bottom mold (1), and a feeding cavity (12) connected downwards is opened in the receiving ring groove (21). The feeding cavity (12) is also provided with a material feeding groove (14) extending to the outside of the base (4). The material feeding groove (14) has a spiral ring-shaped slope structure.

5. The forging die for a brake bearing sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feed inlet of the feed trough (14) covers the bottom of the feed chamber (12). After the pusher block (18) pushes the oxidized slag into the receiving ring groove (21), the oxidized slag is discharged from the base (4) through the feed chamber (12) and the feed trough (14) in sequence. The pusher block (18) is collected in the receiving ring groove (21) during the billet upsetting and diameter expansion process.

6. A method for applying a forging die to a brake bearing sleeve as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Provide a billet heated to the forging temperature, and put the billet into the mold cavity of the bottom mold (1). The positioning mechanism in the correction assembly (3) guides and centers the billet so that the billet is kept in the center position of the mold cavity. Step 2: Drive the upper mold (2) downward to upset and expand the diameter of the billet. During the radial outward expansion of the billet, the billet squeezes the positioning mechanism to move the positioning mechanism to the second position. At the same time, during the movement of the positioning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism is driven to push and clean the oxide slag in the mold cavity and push the pushed oxide slag into the feeding channel. Step 3: After upsetting is completed, the upper mold (2) is lifted and withdrawn, and the billet is formed in the mold cavity. The oxide slag is discharged from the outside of the base (4) through the material discharge channel.

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