Compound fine boring cutter for synchronous machining of inner hole and outer circle of workpiece

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of compound fine boring cutter for the synchronous machining of the outer circle of the hole of workpiece, and the compound fine boring cutter includes tool body, common carrier seat, inner side radial slide, outer side radial slide, hole fine boring blade, outer circle finishing blade, tool tip spacing adjusting assembly, relative spacing retaining bridge, common micro-displacement release mechanism and slide force locking mechanism;Compound finishing method uses the compound fine boring cutter to the hole of workpiece and outer circle once feeding synchronous fine machining.The present application solves the technical problems of low relative radial position control precision and poor stability during locking and cutting during the synchronous machining of hole and outer circle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining tool technology, and in particular to a composite precision boring tool for simultaneous machining of the inner hole and outer diameter of a workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, rotating workpieces such as sleeves, rings, bearing housings, end caps, and thin-walled shells typically require precision machining of both their inner and outer cylindrical surfaces. For these workpieces, the inner hole size, outer cylindrical size, coaxiality of the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, and wall thickness consistency directly affect subsequent assembly accuracy and performance. In existing technologies, the inner hole and outer cylindrical surface are often machined in steps, such as machining the inner hole first and then using it as a positioning datum to machine the outer cylindrical surface, or machining the outer cylindrical surface first and then the inner hole. This method usually requires multiple clamping, tool changes, and tool setting, which can easily lead to datum conversion errors and cumulative errors, thus affecting the coaxiality and relative dimensional accuracy of the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces.

[0003] For thin-walled sleeves, thin-walled ring parts, or thin-walled shell-like workpieces, step-by-step machining can easily lead to elastic deformation, elliptical deformation, or localized tool deflection due to unilateral cutting forces, making it difficult to consistently guarantee the uniformity of wall thickness, roundness, and surface quality after machining. To reduce clamping errors and improve machining efficiency, composite tools capable of simultaneously or near-synchronously machining internal holes and external diameters have emerged in the prior art. These tools typically have internal hole machining inserts and external diameter machining inserts on the same tool body, allowing the internal hole surface and the external diameter surface to be machined separately in the same feed, thereby reducing secondary clamping and datum conversion errors to a certain extent.

[0004] However, existing tools for machining both internal and external diameters typically focus more on the arrangement of internal and external cutting inserts on the same tool body, or on adjusting the insert positions separately using a standard tool holder adjustment structure. Insufficient attention is paid to the precise control and stable maintenance of the relative radial position between the internal and external machining areas. Adjustable tool holders may experience slight displacement due to the locking force during the locking process, and the cutting load may further affect the stability of the relative tool position. If the relative radial position between the internal and external machining areas drifts, it will directly affect the workpiece's wall thickness, wall thickness consistency, and the relative dimensional accuracy of the internal and external diameters. Therefore, how to improve the control accuracy of the relative radial position during simultaneous internal and external machining, and maintain its stability during locking and cutting, is a technical problem that needs further resolution in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one object of this invention is to provide a composite precision boring tool for simultaneous machining of the inner and outer diameters of a workpiece, comprising: a tool body having a tool body axis, the front end of the tool body being provided with a machining groove for the workpiece wall to be machined to enter; a common support seat connected to the tool body via a common micro-displacement release mechanism, and having a micro-displacement degree of freedom relative to the tool body along a predetermined release direction, the common support seat being provided with a guide structure extending along a slide guide direction, the slide guide direction being located in a projection plane perpendicular to the tool body axis and defined as the tool tip spacing direction; and an inner radial slide, the inner radial slide extending along the tool tip spacing direction. A tool tip is movably supported on the common support in the direction of the tool tip spacing and located radially inside the machining groove; an outer radial slide is movably supported on the common support along the tool tip spacing direction and located radially outside the machining groove; an inner boring insert is mounted on the inner radial slide and has an inner tool tip reference point for determining the machining dimension of the workpiece's inner hole; an outer diameter finishing insert is mounted on the outer radial slide and has an outer tool tip reference point for determining the machining dimension of the workpiece's outer diameter; wherein, the inner tool tip reference point and the outer tool tip reference point are located in the direction of the tool tip spacing. The orthographic projection distance is defined as the radial distance between the cutting edges; the cutting edge distance adjustment assembly is drively connected to at least one of the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide, and is configured to adjust the radial distance between the cutting edges; the relative distance holding bridge, in a locked state, engages with the relative distance reference portions of the inner and outer radial slides respectively, to limit the relative displacement of the inner and outer radial slides along the cutting edge distance direction that would substantially change the radial distance between the cutting edges; a common micro-displacement release mechanism, in the locked state of the relative distance holding bridge, is configured to allow... The common bearing seat causes the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide to move together as a whole relative to the tool body, so that the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide move together synchronously with the common bearing seat, without generating a relative displacement that substantially changes the radial distance between the tool tips; the slide bearing locking mechanism is configured to press the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide against the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body in the locked state, so that the cutting load from the inner hole boring tool and the outer circle finishing tool is transmitted to the tool body through the corresponding radial slide and the corresponding bearing reference surface, respectively.

[0006] In one possible implementation, a method for one-pass composite finishing of inner and outer diameters is provided, employing the aforementioned composite precision boring tool, and comprising the following steps: an adjustment step, wherein the relative spacing retaining bridge is released from its locked state, and the position of at least one of the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide is adjusted by the tool tip spacing adjustment component to adjust the radial distance between the inner tool tip reference point and the outer tool tip reference point in the tool tip spacing direction; a holding step, wherein the relative spacing retaining bridge is locked in its locked state, thereby restricting relative displacement between the inner and outer radial slides that would substantially change the radial distance between the tool tips; and a locking step, wherein the inner and outer radial slides are respectively pressed by the slide bearing locking mechanism. Against the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body, during the process of the slide bearing locking mechanism pressing the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide against the corresponding bearing reference surface, the common micro-displacement release mechanism allows the common bearing seat to drive the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide as a whole to generate a common micro-displacement, so that the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide generate a common micro-displacement synchronously with the common bearing seat, without generating a relative displacement that substantially changes the radial distance between the tool tips; in the machining step, the workpiece and the composite precision boring tool rotate relative to each other and feed relative to each other along the axial direction, so that the wall of the workpiece enters the machining groove. During one axial relative feed process, the inner hole precision boring tool and the outer circle precision machining tool respectively perform precision machining on the inner hole surface and the outer circle surface of the workpiece wall.

[0007] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Based on the above technical solution, this invention provides a machining groove on the tool body for the workpiece to be machined, and supports the inner and outer radial slides on a common support, allowing the inner boring insert and the outer diameter finishing insert to correspond to the inner hole surface and outer diameter surface of the workpiece, respectively, thereby achieving composite finishing of the inner hole and outer diameter in a single axial relative feed process. The tool tip spacing adjustment assembly is used to adjust the radial distance between the inner and outer tool tip reference points; the relative spacing holding bridge is used to limit the relative displacement between the inner and outer radial slides that would substantially change the radial distance between the tool tips in the locked state; the common micro-displacement release mechanism is used to allow the common support to drive the inner and outer radial slides as a whole to generate a common micro-displacement during the locking process, thereby releasing the common displacement tendency caused by the locking force; the slide bearing locking mechanism is used to form a bearing path transmitted to the tool body through the corresponding radial slide and the corresponding bearing reference surface in the locked state. Therefore, it is possible to improve the stability of the radial distance between the tool tips during adjustment, locking and cutting, thereby improving the workpiece wall thickness consistency, the relative dimensional accuracy of the inner and outer circles and the machining stability. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite precision boring tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the processing state provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the assembly relationship between the common support seat and the inner and outer slides provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade tip spacing adjustment component provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the relative spacing maintaining the bridge state provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the common micro-displacement release and slide block load-bearing locking structure provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0010] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tool body; 11. Machining groove; 12. Inner bearing reference surface; 13. Outer bearing reference surface; 14. Clearance space; 2. Shared support base; 3. Inner radial slide; 31. Inner bearing surface; 32. Inner locking bearing surface; 33. Inner relative spacing reference part; 4. Outer radial slide; 41. Outer bearing surface; 42. Outer locking bearing surface; 43. Outer relative spacing reference part; 5. Internal boring insert; 51. Inner tool tip reference point; 6. External diameter finishing insert; 61. Outer edge tool tip reference point; 7. Tool tip spacing adjustment assembly; 71. Two-way adjustment screw; 711. Left-hand threaded section; 712. Right-hand threaded section; 72. Inner adjusting block; 73. Outer adjusting block; 74. Fine-tuning scale ring; 8. Relative spacing maintaining bridge; 81. Bridge body; 82. First joint end; 83. Second joint end; 84. Clamping element; 9. Common micro-displacement release mechanism; 91. Flexible guide structure; 92. Fixed end; 93. Movable end; 94. Flexible beam; 10. Slide bearing locking mechanism; 101. Inner wedge block; 102. Outer wedge block; 103. Locking drive component; 201. Workpiece wall to be processed; 202. Inner hole surface; 203. Outer circle surface. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0012] In the description of this invention, the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, can be based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or can be determined based on the medicine box delivery direction, the medicine box compartment arrangement direction, the target coordinate system direction, or the robot coordinate system direction. They are used only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. The terms "installation," "connection," and "communication connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly, and can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, signal connections, data connections, or indirect connections via intermediate components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0013] Please see Figures 1-6In one possible implementation, the composite precision boring tool includes a tool body 1, a common support 2, an inner radial slide 3, an outer radial slide 4, an inner bore precision boring insert 5, an outer diameter precision machining insert 6, a tool tip spacing adjustment assembly 7, a relative spacing holding bridge 8, a common micro-displacement release mechanism 9, and a slide bearing locking mechanism 10. The tool body 1, as the main support component of the composite precision boring tool, has a tool body 1 axis. The front end of the tool body 1 is provided with a machining groove 11 for the workpiece wall portion 201 to enter. The machining groove 11 can open towards the front end of the tool body 1 along the tool body 1 axis, allowing the wall portion of a thin-walled sleeve, annular workpiece, or other workpiece to be machined to enter between the inner bore precision boring insert 5 and the outer diameter precision machining insert 6. During machining, the inner hole precision boring insert 5 is located on the radial inner side of the workpiece wall 201 to be machined, and the outer circle precision machining insert 6 is located on the radial outer side of the workpiece wall 201 to be machined, so that the inner hole surface 202 and the outer circle surface 203 of the workpiece wall 201 to be machined can be machined respectively in the same axial relative feed process.

[0014] The common support 2 is connected to the tool body 1 via a common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 and has a micro-displacement degree of freedom relative to the tool body 1 along a predetermined release direction. The common support 2 is used to jointly support the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, and is provided with a guide structure for limiting the movement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the tool tip spacing direction. The tool tip spacing direction is located in a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool body 1. The inner radial slide 3 is movably supported on the common support 2 along the tool tip spacing direction and is located radially inside the machining groove 11; the outer radial slide 4 is movably supported on the common support 2 along the tool tip spacing direction and is located radially outside the machining groove 11. Preferably, the predetermined release direction is consistent with, or at least has the same component, the displacement direction that causes the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to conform to the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1 when the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 applies a pressing force.

[0015] An internal boring insert 5 is mounted on an inner radial slide 3 and has an inner tool tip reference point 51 for determining the machining dimensions of the workpiece's internal hole. An external finishing insert 6 is mounted on an outer radial slide 4 and has an outer tool tip reference point 61 for determining the machining dimensions of the workpiece's external diameter. The orthogonal projection distance between the inner tool tip reference point 51 and the outer tool tip reference point 61 in the tool tip spacing direction is defined as the tool tip radial spacing. The tool tip radial spacing is used to characterize or control the relative radial dimensional relationship between the workpiece's internal hole machining dimensions and external diameter machining dimensions, for example, to control the post-machining wall thickness of a thin-walled sleeve, the relative radial distance between the inner and outer diameters, or the relative dimensional accuracy between the inner and outer diameters. A tool tip spacing adjustment assembly 7 is drivenly connected to at least one of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to adjust the tool tip radial spacing. During adjustment, the positions of the inner tool tip reference point 51 and the outer tool tip reference point 61 can be detected by a measuring device and adjusted according to the target internal hole size, target external diameter size, or target wall thickness size.

[0016] In the locked state, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 engages with the relative spacing reference portions of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 respectively, to limit the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the tool tip spacing direction that would substantially change the tool tip radial spacing. The relative spacing reference portion can be set on the side wall, upper surface, stepped surface, positioning groove, positioning boss, or other positions that can form a limiting engagement with the relative spacing retaining bridge 8. The relative spacing retaining bridge 8 is mainly used to maintain the relative position between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 after the tool tip radial spacing adjustment is completed, rather than being mainly used to adjust the tool tip radial spacing, nor is it used as the main load-bearing structure for the main cutting load. Substantial change can be understood as a change exceeding the preset allowable deviation, which can be determined according to the workpiece wall thickness tolerance, the relative dimensional tolerance of the inner and outer circles, the machining accuracy grade, or the tool tip spacing adjustment resolution.

[0017] The slide support locking mechanism 10 is used to press the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding load-bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body 1 in the locked state. Specifically, the cutter body 1 may be provided with an inner load-bearing reference surface 12 and an outer load-bearing reference surface 13. The inner radial slide 3 is provided with an inner load-bearing surface 31 that mates with the inner load-bearing reference surface 12, and the outer radial slide 4 is provided with an outer load-bearing surface 41 that mates with the outer load-bearing reference surface 13. After the slide support locking mechanism 10 enters the locked state, the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 are respectively supported by the corresponding load-bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body 1. During machining, the main cutting load from the internal boring tool 5 is sequentially transmitted to the tool body 1 via the inner radial slide 3, the inner bearing surface 31, and the inner bearing reference surface 12; the main cutting load from the external finishing tool 6 is sequentially transmitted to the tool body 1 via the outer radial slide 4, the outer bearing surface 41, and the outer bearing reference surface 13. Therefore, the tool tip spacing adjustment assembly 7, the relative spacing holding bridge 8, and the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 are not considered as the main load-bearing transmission structures for the main cutting load.

[0018] In one operation, the operator first releases the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 and prevents the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 from locking with the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 respectively. Then, the tip radial spacing is adjusted to the target value using the tip spacing adjustment assembly 7. Once the tip radial spacing reaches the target value, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 engages with the relative spacing reference portions of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 respectively to maintain the relative position between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4. Subsequently, the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 presses the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body 1. This "adjust first, then retain, then load and lock" operation sequence helps reduce the risk of changes in the tip radial spacing during the final locking process due to the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 being subjected to force, respectively contacting the corresponding bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body 1, respectively eliminating assembly gaps, or respectively undergoing elastic deformation.

[0019] During the application of pressure by the slide-supporting locking mechanism 10, the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 may experience locking displacement due to contact surface contact, elimination of assembly gaps, changes in the micro-morphology of the contact surface, or slight elastic deformation. The common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 is not the main mechanism for adjusting the radial distance between the tool tips; the adjustment of the radial distance between the tool tips is accomplished by the tool tip distance adjustment assembly 7. The common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 is mainly used to provide elastic clearance or micro-displacement compensation when the slide-supporting locking mechanism 10 applies pressure. Since the relative distance holding bridge 8 has already limited the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the tool tip distance direction, the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 allows the common support seat 2 to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 as a whole to generate a common micro-displacement along the predetermined release direction. This ensures that the slight contact displacement during the locking process is mainly manifested as the overall common micro-displacement of the common support seat 2 together with the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, rather than mainly manifested as the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the tool tip distance direction. This helps to reduce the impact of the locking process on the radial distance of the tool tip.

[0020] During machining, the workpiece and the compound precision boring tool rotate relative to each other and feed relative to each other along the axial direction. The workpiece wall 201 to be machined enters the machining groove 11. The inner hole precision boring insert 5 and the outer diameter precision machining insert 6 respectively perform precision machining on the inner hole surface 202 and the outer diameter surface 203 of the workpiece wall 201 to be machined. Since the inner hole precision boring insert 5 and the outer diameter precision machining insert 6 are set on the same compound precision boring tool, and the radial distance between the two tool tips can be reduced after adjustment, during locking, and under machining load conditions, the risk of substantial changes can be reduced. Therefore, it helps to reduce wall thickness errors and relative dimensional errors caused by repeated clamping, datum conversion, and separate tool adjustment or locking when machining inner holes and outer diameters in sequence, and helps to improve machining stability. Meanwhile, since the main cutting load during machining is transmitted to the tool body 1 through the corresponding radial slide, the corresponding bearing surface and the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1, rather than being mainly borne by the tool tip spacing adjustment component 7, the relative spacing holding bridge 8 or the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9, it helps to balance the tool tip spacing adjustment accuracy, the dimensional stability after locking and the rigidity of composite finishing.

[0021] Please see Figure 5 In one possible implementation, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 has an adjustment state and a locking retaining state. The adjustment state is used to release the relative movement freedom of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the tool tip spacing direction; the locking retaining state is used to establish the relative spacing constraint between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 after the tool tip radial spacing adjustment is completed.

[0022] In the adjustment state, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 is released from locking engagement with at least one of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, or a release gap is formed between it and at least one corresponding relative spacing reference portion, so that the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 can move relative to each other in the blade tip spacing direction under the drive of the blade tip spacing adjusting assembly 7; in the locking and retaining state, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 engages with the relative spacing reference portions of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 respectively, so as to limit the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 towards each other or away from each other in the blade tip spacing direction, thereby maintaining the adjusted blade tip radial spacing.

[0023] Preferably, during the tool adjustment operation, the relative spacing holding bridge 8 first switches from the adjustment state to the locking holding state, and then the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 performs the bearing locking. Thus, during the subsequent bearing locking process, under the action of the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9, the slight displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 due to the contact of the bearing surfaces, the elimination of assembly gaps, or the action of locking force is mainly manifested as an overall common micro-displacement generated by the common bearing seat 2, rather than primarily as a relative displacement between the two. The relative spacing holding bridge 8 can switch between the adjustment state and the locking holding state by at least one of the following methods: swinging, lifting, pulling, or inserting. In this embodiment, the relative displacement that substantially changes the radial spacing of the tool tip can be understood as a displacement exceeding the adjustment resolution of the tool tip spacing adjustment component 7, the preset allowable deviation, or the relative dimensional tolerance requirements of the inner and outer circles of the workpiece.

[0024] Please see Figure 5 In one possible implementation, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 includes a bridge body 81, a first engaging end 82, a second engaging end 83, and a clamping member 84. The first engaging end 82 is disposed at one end of the bridge body 81 and engages with the inner relative spacing reference portion 33 of the inner radial slide 3 in the locked retaining state; the second engaging end 83 is disposed at the other end of the bridge body 81 and engages with the outer relative spacing reference portion 43 of the outer radial slide 4 in the locked retaining state; the clamping member 84 is used to hold the bridge body 81 in the locked retaining position. The bridge body 81, the first engaging end 82, and the second engaging end 83 together form a limiting structure to limit the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the blade tip spacing direction that would substantially change the radial spacing of the blade tips.

[0025] In the above scheme, the bridge body 81 does not merely serve as a connecting plate between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, but rather forms a bridging section between the first joint end 82 and the second joint end 83. In a locked state, the bridging section spans the area between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, maintaining the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 at their adjusted relative spacing. Thus, the bridge body 81 forms a bridging relative spacing reference through the reference engagement relationship at its two ends, limiting the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the blade tip spacing direction, preventing them from moving closer or further apart.

[0026] In the above scheme, the first engagement end 82 and the second engagement end 83 preferably have engagement surfaces that serve a limiting function along the blade tip spacing direction. The inner relative spacing reference portion 33 of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer relative spacing reference portion 43 of the outer radial slide 4 can be respectively configured as a reference surface, reference groove, reference step, reference protrusion, or positioning shoulder that mates with the corresponding engagement surface. After the first engagement end 82 engages with the inner relative spacing reference portion 33, it can limit the displacement of the inner radial slide 3 relative to the bridge body 81 along the blade tip spacing direction; after the second engagement end 83 engages with the outer relative spacing reference portion 43, it can limit the displacement of the outer radial slide 4 relative to the bridge body 81 along the blade tip spacing direction.

[0027] In the above scheme, the first joint end 82 and the second joint end 83 can be integrally formed with the bridge body 81, or they can be set as joint blocks at both ends of the bridge body 81, and their joint surfaces can be hardened or wear-resistant.

[0028] In the above scheme, the clamping member 84 is used to hold the bridge body 81 in the locked position to prevent the first engaging end 82 and the second engaging end 83 from disengaging from the corresponding relative spacing reference portion, tilting, or loosening due to cutting vibration. The clamping member 84 is mainly used to keep the relative spacing holding bridge 8 in the locked position, and is not used to undertake the main load-bearing locking function of pressing the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding load-bearing reference surface on the tool body 1. That is to say, the clamping member 84 is responsible for maintaining the position of the bridge body 81, while the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10 is responsible for pressing the radial slide against the corresponding load-bearing reference surface on the tool body 1. The functional boundaries of the two are different.

[0029] In the above scheme, the clamping direction of the clamping member 84 preferably avoids the blade tip spacing direction, and more preferably is substantially perpendicular to the blade tip spacing direction, so that when the clamping member 84 clamps the bridge body 81, it does not apply the main component force that would cause the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to move closer or further apart. With this clamping direction setting, the clamping member 84 can reduce the disturbance to the already adjusted blade tip radial spacing while holding the bridge body 81 in the locked position. Furthermore, the clamping member 84 can act on the middle region of the bridge body 81, the positioning boss region, or a specially provided clamping force surface to avoid or reduce the clamping force from directly acting on the blade tip spacing direction limiting surface of the first joint end 82 and the second joint end 83.

[0030] In the above scheme, the clamping component 84 can be a clamping screw, a pressure plate, an eccentric clamping component 84, a conical clamping component 84, or an elastic preload component. Regardless of the type of clamping component 84 used, it is preferable to ensure that the main clamping force direction of the clamping component 84 avoids the blade tip spacing direction, so as to reduce the disturbance to the radial spacing of the blade tips during the clamping process.

[0031] In the above scheme, the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 is mainly used to maintain the relative spacing between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, and does not serve as the main load-bearing structure for the main cutting load. During machining, the main cutting load from the inner boring insert 5 and the outer turning insert 6 is preferably transmitted to the tool body 1 through the corresponding radial slide and its bearing surface, and the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1, respectively. The relative spacing retaining bridge 8 mainly bears the limiting load generated by the relative displacement trend between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, and is used to suppress the change of the radial spacing of the tool tip. Through this load division, the risk of excessive elastic deformation or wear of the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 due to bearing the main cutting load can be reduced.

[0032] In the above scheme, the bridge body 81 can be plate-shaped, block-shaped, or frame-shaped, and a reinforcing structure can be provided in the bridging section to improve the bridging stiffness. The length direction of the bridge body 81 can be arranged approximately along the blade tip spacing direction, or it can form a certain angle with respect to the blade tip spacing direction, as long as the first joint end 82 and the second joint end 83 can respectively form a limiting fit with the corresponding relative spacing reference part to restrict the relative displacement along the blade tip spacing direction. In some embodiments, the first joint end 82 and the second joint end 83 can respectively form a unidirectional limiting fit with the corresponding relative spacing reference part; wherein, the unidirectional limiting fit can cooperate with other limiting surfaces, clamping structures, or slide guide structures to jointly limit the relative displacement affecting the radial spacing of the blade tips.

[0033] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 5In one possible implementation, the first engaging end 82 and the second engaging end 83 respectively form a limiting fit with the corresponding relative spacing reference portion by at least one of the following methods: paired abutment, locking, clamping, or hooking. The limiting fit is used to restrict the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the blade tip spacing direction, which would substantially change the radial spacing of the blade tips.

[0034] In the above scheme, the paired abutment can include forming two abutment relationships with opposite directions between the first joint end 82 and the inner relative spacing reference part 33, and between the second joint end 83 and the outer relative spacing reference part 43, to limit the positive and negative displacement of the corresponding radial slide along the blade tip spacing direction; locking can include locking the corresponding joint end to the corresponding relative spacing reference part by means of screws, pins, locking blocks, locking pins or quick-release locking members; clamping can include clamping the corresponding joint end to the corresponding relative spacing reference part by means of jaws, pressure blocks, elastic clamps or wedge clamping members; hooking can include forming a limit by means of the hook part cooperating with the shoulder, groove, hooking hole or hooking protrusion on the corresponding relative spacing reference part.

[0035] The aforementioned paired abutments, locking, clamping, and hooking mechanisms can be used individually or in combination. For example, paired abutments can be used to limit relative displacement along the blade tip spacing direction, and locking can be used to prevent the corresponding engagement ends from disengaging; hooking can also be used to achieve initial positioning, and clamping or clamping elements 84 can be used to keep the corresponding engagement ends stably engaged with the corresponding relative spacing reference portion. Regardless of the method used, the first engagement end 82 and the second engagement end 83 should form a limiting fit with the corresponding relative spacing reference portion in the locked and retained state to limit the relative displacement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the blade tip spacing direction that would substantially change the radial spacing of the blade tips.

[0036] Please see Figure 6 In one possible implementation, the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 includes a flexible guide structure 91. The flexible guide structure 91 is connected between the blade body 1 and the common support 2, and provides the common support 2 with micro-displacement freedom relative to the blade body 1 along a predetermined release direction through elastic deformation.

[0037] In the above scheme, the flexible guide structure 91 is disposed between the cutter body 1 and the common support seat 2. When the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 performs bearing locking, the flexible guide structure 91 responds to the pressing force, the reaction force generated by the contact of the bearing surfaces, or the locking reaction force transmitted from the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 through the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to the common support seat 2, and generates controllable elastic deformation. The flexible guide structure 91 is not used to realize large stroke sliding adjustment, nor is it used as an active adjustment mechanism for adjusting the radial distance between the inner cutter tip reference point 51 and the outer cutter tip reference point 61; the adjustment of the radial distance between the cutter tips is completed by the cutter tip distance adjustment component 7. The flexible guide structure 91 is mainly used to allow the common support seat 2, together with the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, to produce an overall common micro-displacement during the bearing locking process.

[0038] In the above scheme, the predetermined release direction can be determined based on the locking force direction of the slide block force-bearing locking mechanism 10, the direction in which the inner radial slide block 3 and the outer radial slide block 4 press against the corresponding force-bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body 1, and the spatial structure of the cutter body 1. Preferably, the predetermined release direction has the same directional component as the direction in which the slide block force-bearing locking mechanism 10 presses the inner radial slide block 3 and the outer radial slide block 4 against the corresponding force-bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body 1. Thus, when the slide block force-bearing locking mechanism 10 performs force-bearing locking, the minute displacement caused by the contact surface fitting, the elimination of assembly gaps, or the microscopic deformation of the contact surface can be absorbed by the elastic deformation of the flexible guide structure 91, and is mainly manifested as the overall common micro-displacement of the common bearing seat 2 relative to the cutter body 1, rather than mainly manifested as the relative displacement between the inner radial slide block 3 and the outer radial slide block 4.

[0039] In the above scheme, the flexible guide structure 91 may include at least one of the following: an elastic thin beam, an elastic leaf spring, a flexible hinge, a slotted elastic beam, an elastic connecting arm, or an integral flexible deformable part formed by a partial slot in the cutter body 1. The flexible guide structure 91 may be integrally formed with the cutter body 1, or it may be connected between the cutter body 1 and the common support 2 as an independent elastic connector.

[0040] In the above scheme, the equivalent elastic stiffness of the flexible guide structure 91 in the predetermined release direction is preferably lower than its constraint stiffness in one or more directions different from the predetermined release direction. Thus, the common support seat 2 can generate micro-displacement along the predetermined release direction, while suppressing undesirable swaying, torsion, or lateral displacement of the common support seat 2. Through this directional stiffness setting, the flexible guide structure 91 can provide the necessary slight clearance during the load-bearing locking process, while maintaining the guiding stability of the common support seat 2 on the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4.

[0041] In the above scheme, the elastic deformation of the flexible guide structure 91 can be determined based on the locking force of the slide bearing locking mechanism 10, the fitting accuracy of the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1, the assembly clearance of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, and the workpiece machining accuracy requirements. The elastic displacement is not used to change the radial distance between the inner tool tip reference point 51 and the outer tool tip reference point 61, but is used to provide overall common micro-displacement compensation of the common bearing seat 2 relative to the tool body 1 during the bearing locking process.

[0042] In the above scheme, when the relative spacing maintaining bridge 8 is in the locked state, the relative spacing between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is already limited. At this time, the flexible guide structure 91 undergoes elastic deformation during the load-bearing locking process of the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10, causing the common bearing seat 2 to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 as a whole to produce a common micro-displacement. Since the relative spacing between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is maintained by the relative spacing maintaining bridge 8, this common micro-displacement helps reduce the risk of substantial changes in the radial spacing of the tool tip, thereby reducing the impact of the load-bearing locking action on the adjusted tool tip spacing.

[0043] In the above scheme, the flexible guide structure 91 can also have an elastic reset function. When the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 is released or the locking force is reduced, the flexible guide structure 91 can cause the common bearing seat 2 to have a reset tendency through its own elastic recovery, thereby helping to improve the repeatability of the common micro-displacement release.

[0044] In the above scheme, the flexible guide structure 91 is mainly used to provide common micro-displacement degrees of freedom for the common bearing seat 2 relative to the tool body 1, and does not serve as the main mechanism for adjusting the radial distance of the tool tip, nor as the main force transmission structure for the main cutting load. The radial distance of the tool tip is adjusted by the tool tip distance adjustment component 7 and held in a locked state by the relative distance holding bridge 8; the flexible guide structure 91 is used to provide overall common micro-displacement compensation during the load-bearing locking process; the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10 is used to press the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding load-bearing reference surface on the tool body 1. During the machining process, the main cutting load from the inner hole precision boring insert 5 and the outer circle finishing insert 6 is preferably transmitted to the tool body 1 through the corresponding radial slide and its load-bearing surface, and the corresponding load-bearing reference surface on the tool body 1, respectively.

[0045] Please see Figure 6In one possible implementation, the flexible guide structure 91 includes a parallelogram flexible guide unit. The parallelogram flexible guide unit includes a fixed end 92, a movable end 93, and at least two parallel and spaced flexible beams 94 connecting the fixed end 92 and the movable end 93; wherein the fixed end 92 is connected to the cutter body 1, the movable end 93 is connected to the common support 2, and the cutter body 1 is provided with a clearance space 14 for the common support 2 to generate common micro-displacements.

[0046] In the above scheme, the parallelogram flexible guide unit is used to form an approximately translational flexible guide connection between the cutter body 1 and the common support seat 2. When the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 performs bearing locking, the flexible beam 94 causes the movable end 93 to generate a micro-displacement relative to the fixed end 92 in a predetermined release direction through elastic bending, thereby causing the common support seat 2 to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to generate a common micro-displacement simultaneously.

[0047] In the above scheme, the parallelogram flexible guide unit is not used to cause the common bearing seat 2 to slide with a large stroke, but to provide controlled micro-yield during the load-bearing locking process. Since at least two flexible beams 94 are parallel to each other and spaced apart, the movable end 93 can maintain a low yaw state during micro-displacement, making the common bearing seat 2 closer to translating along the predetermined release direction, thereby reducing the risk of relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4.

[0048] In the above scheme, the structural dimensions and materials of the flexible beam 94 can be determined according to the required micro-displacement and the locking force of the slide bearing locking mechanism 10, so that the flexible beam 94 is within the elastic deformation range under the action of the locking force.

[0049] In the above scheme, the clearance space 14 is used to provide space allowance for the elastic deformation of the common support 2, the movable end 93, or the flexible beam 94, so as to avoid or reduce interference between the common support 2 and the cutter body 1 during the common micro-displacement process. The clearance space 14 can be a gap groove, a cavity, or a local clearance cavity, and its size can be determined according to the maximum allowable micro-displacement of the common support 2.

[0050] In the above scheme, when the relative spacing maintaining bridge 8 is in the locked state, the relative spacing between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is restricted. When the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 performs bearing locking, the parallelogram flexible guide unit allows the common bearing seat 2 to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to produce a low-yaw common micro-displacement, which is beneficial to maintaining the tool tip radial spacing. The parallelogram flexible guide unit is mainly used to provide common micro-displacement release, and is not used as an active adjustment mechanism for the tool tip radial spacing, nor as the main force transmission structure for the main cutting load.

[0051] Please seeFigure 4 In one possible implementation, the tool tip spacing adjustment component 7 is a synchronous linkage adjustment component. The synchronous linkage adjustment component is configured to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to move in opposite directions or in opposite directions along the tool tip spacing direction according to a predetermined transmission ratio.

[0052] In the above scheme, the synchronous linkage adjustment component is used to simultaneously drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to move during the adjustment phase, so as to change the orthogonal projection distance between the inner tool tip reference point 51 and the outer tool tip reference point 61 in the tool tip spacing direction. Thus, the linkage adjustment of the two radial slides can be achieved with a single adjustment input, which helps to reduce the operation error caused by adjusting the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 independently.

[0053] In the above scheme, moving in opposite directions means that the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 move closer to each other along the tool tip spacing direction to reduce the tool tip radial spacing; moving away from each other means that the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 move further apart along the tool tip spacing direction to increase the tool tip radial spacing. The predetermined transmission ratio can be 1:1 or not 1:1. When the predetermined transmission ratio is 1:1, the movement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is the same; when the predetermined transmission ratio is not 1:1, the movement of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is different, to adapt to the adjustment requirements where the inner hole size, outer circle size, or workpiece wall thickness is the main compensation object.

[0054] In the above scheme, the synchronous linkage adjustment component can be implemented using a mechanical linkage structure, and the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 can be moved according to a predetermined transmission ratio through a single adjustment input. The synchronous linkage adjustment component can also be equipped with a scale, an adjustment limit part, or an anti-loosening structure.

[0055] In the above scheme, the synchronous linkage adjustment component can be used in conjunction with the guide structure on the common support 2 to make the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 move stably along the blade tip spacing direction during the adjustment process, reducing swaying, jamming or displacement deviating from the blade tip spacing direction.

[0056] In the above scheme, the synchronous linkage adjustment component is mainly used to adjust the radial distance between the tool tips, and is not used as the main load-bearing structure to bear the main cutting load during machining, nor as the main holding structure to maintain the relative distance between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 after adjustment. After adjustment, the relative distance between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is maintained by the relative distance holding bridge 8, and is locked by the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10. Specifically, the relative distance holding bridge 8 maintains the relative distance between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 in the locked state, and the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10 presses the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding load-bearing reference surface on the tool body 1. Preferably, after the synchronous linkage adjustment component completes the adjustment, the relative distance holding bridge 8 first establishes the relative distance constraint between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, and then the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10 performs load-bearing locking to reduce the influence of the load-bearing locking process on the adjusted radial distance between the tool tips.

[0057] Please see Figure 4 In one possible implementation, the synchronous linkage adjustment assembly includes a bidirectional adjustment screw 71, an inner adjustment block 72, an outer adjustment block 73, and a fine-tuning scale ring 74. The bidirectional adjustment screw 71 has a left-hand threaded section 711 and a right-hand threaded section 712; the inner adjustment block 72 is threadedly engaged with the left-hand threaded section 711 and is driven by the inner radial slide 3; the outer adjustment block 73 is threadedly engaged with the right-hand threaded section 712 and is driven by the outer radial slide 4; the fine-tuning scale ring 74 is disposed at the end of the bidirectional adjustment screw 71, and its scale value corresponds to the change in the orthogonal projection distance between the inner blade tip reference point 51 and the outer blade tip reference point 61 in the blade tip spacing direction.

[0058] In the above scheme, when the bidirectional adjusting screw 71 rotates, the left-hand threaded section 711 and the right-hand threaded section 712 drive the inner adjusting block 72 and the outer adjusting block 73 to move in opposite directions, thereby causing the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to move towards each other or away from each other along the blade tip spacing direction. Thus, synchronous linkage adjustment of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 can be achieved by rotating the same bidirectional adjusting screw 71.

[0059] In the above scheme, the inner adjusting block 72 and the inner radial slide 3, and the outer adjusting block 73 and the outer radial slide 4, can form a transmission fit through abutment, connection, or inclined plane transmission structure. Preferably, the inner adjusting block 72 and the outer adjusting block 73 move along the blade tip spacing direction under the guidance structure constraint of the common bearing seat 2, so as to reduce swaying, jamming, or displacement deviating from the blade tip spacing direction during the adjustment process.

[0060] In the above scheme, the left-hand threaded section 711 and the right-hand threaded section 712 can have the same pitch or different pitches. When the pitches are the same, in the direct drive or proportional drive implementation, the inner adjusting block 72 and the outer adjusting block 73 produce the same amount of movement when the bidirectional adjusting screw 71 rotates by the same angle, thereby causing the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 to move towards each other or away from each other according to a predetermined transmission ratio of 1:1; when the pitches are different, the ratio of the movement of the inner adjusting block 72 to the outer adjusting block 73 is determined by the pitch ratio of the left-hand threaded section 711 to the right-hand threaded section 712 to achieve a predetermined transmission ratio that is not 1:1.

[0061] In the above scheme, the fine-tuning scale ring 74 can be equipped with a zero mark, graduation lines, numerical marks, or direction marks. The scale value of the fine-tuning scale ring 74 can be calibrated according to the pitch of the left-hand thread section 711 and the right-hand thread section 712, as well as the transmission relationship between the inner adjusting block 72, the outer adjusting block 73, and the corresponding radial slide. The graduation lines can directly correspond to the change in the radial distance between the tool tips, or they can correspond to the rotation angle of the bidirectional adjusting screw 71, and can be converted into the change in the radial distance between the tool tips through the pitch relationship or the actual calibration relationship.

[0062] In the above scheme, the synchronous linkage adjustment component can also be equipped with a gap elimination structure, an axial limiting structure, or an anti-loosening structure to reduce adjustment backlash, axial movement, or loosening after adjustment.

[0063] In the above scheme, the bidirectional adjusting screw 71, the inner adjusting block 72, and the outer adjusting block 73 mainly perform the function of adjusting the radial distance between the tool tips, and do not serve as the main load-bearing structure for transmitting the main cutting load during machining, nor as the main holding structure for maintaining the relative distance between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 after adjustment. After adjustment, the relative distance holding bridge 8 maintains the relative distance between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 in the locked state, and the slide load-bearing locking mechanism 10 presses the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding load-bearing reference surfaces on the tool body 1, respectively. Thus, the tool tip distance adjustment, relative distance holding, and machining load-bearing locking are performed by different structures, which helps to reduce wear or clearance changes in the adjusting thread pair between the bidirectional adjusting screw 71 and the corresponding adjusting block due to the influence of the main cutting load.

[0064] Please see Figure 6In one possible implementation, the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 includes an inner wedge 101, an outer wedge 102, and a locking drive 103. The inner wedge 101 acts on the inner locking force-bearing surface 32 of the inner radial slide 3 to press the inner bearing surface 31 of the inner radial slide 3 against the inner bearing reference surface 12 on the cutter body 1; the outer wedge 102 acts on the outer locking force-bearing surface 42 of the outer radial slide 4 to press the outer bearing surface 41 of the outer radial slide 4 against the outer bearing reference surface 13 on the cutter body 1; the locking drive 103 is connected to the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 and is configured to drive the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 to move along their respective wedging directions.

[0065] In the above scheme, the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 is used to lock the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 respectively after the radial distance of the tool tip is adjusted and held by the relative distance holding bridge 8. The slide bearing locking mechanism 10 is mainly used to establish the main cutting load transmission path in the machining state, and is not used as a mechanism for adjusting the radial distance of the tool tip. During the machining process, the main cutting load from the inner hole boring tool 5 and the outer circle finishing tool 6 is preferably transmitted to the tool body 1 through the corresponding radial slide, the corresponding bearing surface, and the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1, respectively.

[0066] In the above scheme, the inner wedge 101 has an inner wedge pressing surface that mates with the inner locking force-bearing surface 32. When the inner wedge 101 moves along its wedge-tightening direction, the inner wedge pressing surface acts on the inner locking force-bearing surface 32, generating a component force that presses the inner bearing surface 31 against the inner bearing reference surface 12 on the tool body 1. Thus, the main cutting load from the internal boring insert 5 can be transmitted to the tool body 1 via the inner radial slide 3, the inner bearing surface 31, and the inner bearing reference surface 12.

[0067] In the above scheme, the outer wedge 102 has an outer wedge pressing surface that mates with the outer locking force-bearing surface 42. When the outer wedge 102 moves along its wedge-tightening direction, the outer wedge pressing surface acts on the outer locking force-bearing surface 42, generating a component force that presses the outer bearing surface 41 against the outer bearing reference surface 13 on the tool body 1. Thus, the main cutting load from the outer diameter finishing insert 6 can be transmitted to the tool body 1 via the outer radial slide 4, the outer bearing surface 41, and the outer bearing reference surface 13.

[0068] In the above scheme, the inner bearing surface 31 and the inner bearing reference surface 12, and the outer bearing surface 41 and the outer bearing reference surface 13 are preferably in surface contact fit, as long as bearing contact can be formed in the locked state.

[0069] In the above scheme, the locking drive 103 can be a locking screw, a pull rod, a push rod, an eccentric shaft, or a cam. The locking drive 103 can drive the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 simultaneously, or it can drive the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 separately. The wedging directions of the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 can be the same or different, and can be determined according to the arrangement direction of the inner locking force surface 32, the outer locking force surface 42, and the corresponding bearing reference surface on the cutter body 1. Preferably, the wedging direction is set so that the main pressing force generated when the wedge moves points to the corresponding bearing reference surface on the cutter body 1.

[0070] In the above scheme, the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 preferably performs the locking action after the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 is in the locked holding state. That is, the radial spacing of the blade tip is first adjusted by the blade tip spacing adjustment component 7, then the relative spacing between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is maintained by the relative spacing retaining bridge 8, and then the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 presses the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 against the corresponding bearing reference surface on the blade body 1. This sequence helps to reduce the change in the radial spacing of the blade tip caused by differences in locking force, differences in the contact surface fit, or elimination of assembly gaps during the wedging process of the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102.

[0071] In the above scheme, when the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 apply locking forces to the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 respectively, the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 allows the common bearing seat 2 to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 as a whole to generate a common micro-displacement. Since the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 has already limited the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 along the tool tip spacing direction, the small contact displacement generated during the load-bearing locking process is mainly manifested as the overall common micro-displacement of the common bearing seat 2 together with the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, rather than mainly manifested as the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4. Therefore, it helps to reduce the risk of substantial changes in the tool tip radial spacing while establishing load-bearing locking in the machining state.

[0072] In the above scheme, the functions of the slide bearing locking mechanism 10, the tool tip spacing adjustment component 7, the relative spacing holding bridge 8, and the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 are distinct. The tool tip spacing adjustment component 7 is used to adjust the radial spacing of the tool tips; the relative spacing holding bridge 8 is used to maintain the adjusted relative spacing and limit the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 that would substantially change the radial spacing of the tool tips; the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 is used to release the overall common micro-displacement during the bearing locking process; and the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 is used to establish bearing locking in the machining state. During machining, the tool tip spacing adjustment component 7, the relative spacing holding bridge 8, and the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 are not used as the main bearing structure for transmitting the main cutting load. The main cutting load is preferably transmitted to the tool body 1 through the corresponding radial slide, the corresponding bearing surface, and the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1.

[0073] In some embodiments, the inner wedge 101 and the outer wedge 102 may be disposed in the wedge guide groove on the tool body 1, or disposed in the wedge support portion fixedly connected to the tool body 1, to limit the movement of the corresponding wedge along its wedge tightening direction. The locking drive 103 may also be provided with an anti-loosening structure, a locking stroke mark, a torque control structure, or a limiting structure to reduce loosening caused by machining vibration and improve the consistency of repeated locking.

[0074] Please see Figures 1-6 In one possible implementation, the composite finishing method for one-time feed of inner hole and outer circle adopts the above-mentioned composite precision boring tool and includes, in sequence, an adjustment step, a holding step, a locking step and a machining step.

[0075] In the adjustment step, the relative spacing holding bridge 8 is released from its locked state, and the position of at least one of the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 is adjusted by the tool tip spacing adjustment component 7 to adjust the radial distance between the inner tool tip reference point 51 and the outer tool tip reference point 61 in the tool tip spacing direction. The tool tip spacing adjustment component 7 can adjust only the inner radial slide 3, only the outer radial slide 4, or simultaneously adjust both the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4.

[0076] During the holding step, the relative spacing holding bridge 8 is locked in a holding state to limit the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 that would substantially change the radial spacing of the tool tip. Preferably, the holding step is performed after the adjustment step and before the locking step, so that the adjusted radial spacing of the tool tip is first held by the relative spacing holding bridge 8.

[0077] During the locking step, the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 are pressed against the corresponding bearing reference surfaces on the tool body 1 by the slide bearing locking mechanism 10 to establish bearing locking in the machining state. During machining, the main cutting load from the inner boring tool 5 and the outer turning tool 6 is preferably transmitted to the tool body 1 through the corresponding radial slide, the corresponding bearing surface, and the corresponding bearing reference surface on the tool body 1, respectively.

[0078] During the locking process, the common micro-displacement release mechanism 9 allows the common support seat 2 to drive the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4 as a whole to generate a common micro-displacement. Since the relative spacing retaining bridge 8 has already limited the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, the slight contact displacement generated during the load-bearing locking process is mainly manifested as the overall common micro-displacement of the common support seat 2 together with the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4, rather than mainly manifested as the relative displacement between the inner radial slide 3 and the outer radial slide 4. This helps to reduce the impact of the load-bearing locking process on the already adjusted radial spacing of the tool tip.

[0079] In the machining process, the workpiece and the compound precision boring tool are rotated relative to each other and fed relative to each other along the axial direction, so that the workpiece wall 201 to be machined enters the machining groove 11. During one axial relative feed process, the inner hole surface 202 of the workpiece wall is finished by the inner hole precision boring tool 5, and the outer circle precision machining tool 6 is finished by the outer circle surface 203 of the workpiece wall.

[0080] By coordinating the above adjustment, holding, locking and machining steps, it is helpful to maintain the relative distance after adjusting the radial distance of the tool tip, then perform load-bearing locking, and complete the composite finishing of the inner hole surface 202 and the outer circle surface 203 in one axial relative feed process, thereby helping to improve the relative dimensional accuracy and machining consistency of the inner and outer circles of the workpiece.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite precision boring tool for simultaneous machining of the inner and outer diameters of a workpiece, comprising: The cutter body has a cutter body axis and a machining groove at the front end for the workpiece wall to be machined to enter; A common support base is connected to the blade body via a common micro-displacement release mechanism and has a micro-displacement degree of freedom relative to the blade body along a predetermined release direction; the common support base is provided with a guide structure extending along the blade tip spacing direction, which is located in a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the blade body; The inner radial slide and the outer radial slide are movably supported on the common support along the direction of the tool tip spacing, and are located on the radial inner side and radial outer side of the machining groove, respectively. The inner hole precision boring insert and the outer circle precision machining insert are respectively mounted on the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide, and have an inner tool tip reference point and an outer tool tip reference point respectively. The orthogonal projection distance between the two in the tool tip spacing direction is the tool tip radial spacing. The blade tip spacing adjustment assembly is drivenly connected to at least one of the radial slide blocks and is used to adjust the radial spacing of the blade tips; The relative spacing retaining bridge engages with the relative spacing reference portion of the two radial slides in the locked retaining state to limit the relative displacement of the two radial slides along the blade tip spacing direction that would substantially change the radial spacing of the blade tips; The slide block load-bearing locking mechanism is used to press the two radial slide blocks against the corresponding load-bearing reference surfaces on the tool body, so that the cutting load is transmitted to the tool body through the corresponding radial slide blocks and the corresponding load-bearing reference surfaces. During the locking process of the relative spacing maintaining bridge and the sliding block force-bearing locking mechanism, the common micro-displacement release mechanism allows the two radial sliding blocks to undergo micro-displacement relative to the cutter body as a whole, along with the common bearing seat.

2. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relative spacing maintaining bridge has: In the adjustment state, the relative spacing holding bridge is released from locking engagement with at least one of the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide to allow the tip spacing adjustment assembly to adjust the tip radial spacing. In the locked-in state, the relative spacing retaining bridge restricts the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide from generating relative displacement along the blade tip spacing direction that would substantially change the blade tip radial spacing.

3. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relative spacing maintaining bridge includes: Bridge body; The first engaging end is disposed at one end of the bridge body and engages with the inner relative spacing reference portion of the inner radial slide in the locked and retained state. The second engaging end is disposed at the other end of the bridge body and engages with the outer relative spacing reference portion of the outer radial slide in the locked and retained state. A clamping element for holding the bridge body in a locked retaining position; The bridge body, the first joint end, and the second joint end together form a limiting structure for restricting the relative displacement of the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide along the blade tip spacing direction, which would substantially change the radial spacing of the blade tips.

4. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first and second joint ends respectively form a limiting fit with the corresponding relative spacing reference part by at least one of the following methods: paired abutment, locking, clamping or hooking.

5. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The common micro-displacement release mechanism includes: A flexible guide structure is provided, which is connected between the blade body and the common support, and provides the common support with micro-displacement degrees of freedom relative to the blade body along the predetermined release direction through elastic deformation.

6. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flexible guiding structure includes: A parallelogram flexible guide unit, comprising a fixed end, a movable end, and at least two parallel and spaced flexible beams connecting the fixed end and the movable end; The fixed end is connected to the blade body, the movable end is connected to the common support, and the blade body is provided with a clearance space for the common support to generate common micro-displacement.

7. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade tip spacing adjustment component is a synchronous linkage adjustment component, which is configured to drive the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide to move towards each other or away from each other along the blade tip spacing direction according to a predetermined transmission ratio.

8. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The synchronous linkage adjustment component includes: A bidirectional adjusting screw, wherein the bidirectional adjusting screw has a left-hand thread section and a right-hand thread section; The inner adjusting block is threadedly engaged with the left-hand threaded section and is also driven by the inner radial slide. An outer adjusting block, which is threadedly engaged with the right-hand threaded section and drives the outer radial slide. A fine-tuning scale ring is disposed at the end of the bidirectional adjusting screw. The scale value of the fine-tuning scale ring corresponds to the change in the orthogonal projection distance between the inner blade tip reference point and the outer blade tip reference point in the blade tip spacing direction. Wherein, the left-hand thread segment and the right-hand thread segment have the same or different pitches, and the ratio of the movement of the inner adjusting block to the outer adjusting block is determined by the pitch ratio of the left-hand thread segment to the right-hand thread segment; The bidirectional adjusting screw drives the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide to move towards or away from each other along the direction of the blade tip spacing by rotation.

9. The composite precision boring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide block load-bearing locking mechanism includes: An inner wedge acts on the inner locking force surface of the inner radial slide to press the inner bearing surface of the inner radial slide against the inner bearing reference surface on the cutter body. An outer wedge acts on the outer locking force surface of the outer radial slide to press the outer bearing surface of the outer radial slide against the outer bearing reference surface on the cutter body. A locking drive is provided, which is connected to the inner wedge and the outer wedge and is configured to drive the inner wedge and the outer wedge to move along their respective wedging directions.

10. A method for composite finishing of inner hole and outer circle in a single feed, characterized in that, The composite precision boring tool described in claim 1 is used, and comprises, in sequence: The adjustment step involves releasing the relative spacing holding bridge from its locked state and adjusting the position of at least one of the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide using the blade tip spacing adjustment assembly to adjust the radial distance between the inner blade tip reference point and the outer blade tip reference point in the blade tip spacing direction. The holding step keeps the relative spacing retaining bridge in a locked holding state, thereby restricting the relative displacement between the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide that would substantially change the radial spacing of the blade tip. In the locking step, the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide are pressed against the corresponding bearing reference surfaces on the cutter body by the slide bearing locking mechanism. During the process of the slide bearing locking mechanism pressing the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide against the corresponding bearing reference surfaces, the common micro-displacement release mechanism allows the common support seat to drive the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide as a whole to generate a common micro-displacement, so that the inner radial slide and the outer radial slide generate a common micro-displacement synchronously with the common support seat, without generating a relative displacement that substantially changes the radial distance between the cutter tips. The machining process involves causing the workpiece and the composite precision boring tool to rotate relative to each other and feed relative to each other along the axial direction, so that the workpiece wall enters the machining groove. During one axial relative feed process, the inner hole precision boring tool and the outer circle precision machining tool respectively perform precision machining on the inner hole surface and the outer circle surface of the workpiece wall.

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