A robot reduction gear laser marking machine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of robot reduction gear laser marking machine, it is related to technical field for laser marking machine, including machine body, the present application is before being implemented laser marking operation, and operator can manually rotate rocker to drive adjusting screw to rotate according to the specification size of current batch robot reduction gear before being implemented laser marking operation.By the screw transmission of adjusting screw and threaded block, the directional translation of movable side frame fixedly connected therewith is driven, thereby adjusting the relative spacing between two groups of frames, the load-carrying width of two groups of transmission belts mounted thereon is accurately matched with the outer diameter of the gear to be processed.The adjustable conveying device can flexibly adjust the belt spacing according to different models of reduction gears, realize accurate guidance of the gear throughout the process, completely eliminate the step of manually repeating calibration of the center position of the workpiece on the belt, significantly improve the production rhythm and equipment flexibility, effectively reduce the change cost and working hours consumption of multi-specification production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser marking machine technology, specifically to a laser marking machine for robot reducer gears. Background Technology

[0002] Laser marking machines use a laser beam to create permanent marks on the surfaces of various materials. The marking effect occurs by evaporating the surface material to expose the deeper material, thus etching intricate patterns, trademarks, and text. In the automated production process of robot reducer gears, laser marking machines are used to permanently mark their surfaces. To support continuous production, laser marking machines are typically equipped with conveyor belts to transport the reducer gears to the marking station in an orderly manner.

[0003] However, robot reducer gears come in a variety of types and specifications, with significant differences in outer diameter, thickness, and tooth profile. In actual operation, if a wide conveyor belt is used, the operator must repeatedly calibrate the gear to ensure the workpiece is positioned at the center line of the conveyor belt. This alignment directly affects the accuracy of subsequent processes. Only by maintaining the coaxiality of the gear and the conveyor belt can the gear be accurately delivered directly below the laser marking machine, ensuring the marking pattern is formed in the designated area and preventing skewed or out-of-bounds markings due to positional misalignment. Conversely, if the conveyor belt is custom-designed for a specific type of reducer gear, while it can achieve precise guidance for that gear, it cannot be compatible with other gear specifications. This greatly limits the equipment's flexible production capacity for various types of gears, increasing tooling changeover time and costs, and reducing the overall utilization rate and automation level of the production line. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser marking machine for robot reducer gears to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser marking machine for robot reducer gears, comprising: The main body has an openable cabinet door on its front. The laser marking equipment is installed inside the machine body and is used to laser mark the robot reducer. The laser marking equipment consists of a fixed base, a vertical guide rail, a sliding seat, a laser marking head, and two sets of electric push rods; Through holes are provided on both the left and right sides of the body; A conveying device, located inside the machine body, is used to convey the gears of the robot's reducer. The support base plate is fixed to the inner wall of the machine body and is used to support the laser marking equipment and conveying device; The conveying device includes two sets of frames, one set of which is fixed to the top of the supporting base plate by a mounting base, and the other set of which is fixed to the top of the guide block by a mounting base. The transmission wheel is provided in eight sets, with each set of four transmission wheels rotatably mounted on one side of two sets of frames that are close to each other. A drive belt, which is mounted on a drive pulley, is used to transport the gears of the reducer. An adjusting screw is threadedly connected to a threaded block. The adjusting screw passes through the frame fixed to the top of the support base plate by a mounting base and is rotatably connected to the frame. The threaded block passes through the frame set on the top of the guide block and is fixedly connected to the frame. A rocker arm is fixed to the end of the adjusting screw.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, a mounting frame is fixed to the top of the support base plate, a drive motor is fixed to the top of the mounting frame, and a mounting plate is fixed to the top of the support base plate. Two sets of pulleys are rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting plate near the drive motor. The two sets of pulleys are connected by a connecting belt. One set of pulleys is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the other set of pulleys is fixed to a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the mounting plate and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The end of the rotating shaft away from the pulleys is fixed to a hexagonal rod. A hexagonal sleeve is inserted into the shaft of the drive wheel. The hexagonal sleeve passes through the frame. A hexagonal groove is opened on the side of the hexagonal sleeve near the hexagonal rod. The hexagonal rod is inserted into the hexagonal groove. A slide rail is fixed on the side of the mounting plate away from the pulleys. The guide block is slidably connected to the slide rail. A PLC controller is provided on the front of the machine body, and an infrared sensor is provided on the top of the frame. The PLC controller, the infrared sensor, and the drive motor are electrically connected.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, a lifting and positioning device is provided on the top of the support base plate, which is used to lift and position the reducer gear. The top of the support base plate is equipped with an air blowing device, which is used to cool down the gear reducer gear after marking is completed.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the lifting and positioning device includes: A cylinder is fixed to the top of a support base plate, and a placement plate is fixed to the output end of the cylinder, with the placement plate positioned between two sets of frames. The positioning block passes through the placement plate and is slidably connected to the placement plate. The cylinder is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, a support plate is fixed to the bottom of the placement plate, a through hole is opened on the side of the support plate, a drive gear is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the support plate, the drive gear meshes with a sliding rack, the sliding rack is slidably installed on the bottom of the placement plate, a groove is opened on the top of the sliding rack, a connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the positioning block, the connecting rod is slidably installed in the groove on the top of the sliding rack, a connecting spring is fixed in the groove on the top of the sliding rack, the end of the connecting spring away from the sliding rack is fixed to the connecting rod, a sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the drive gear, the sleeve penetrates the bottom of the support plate and is rotatably connected to the support plate, a spiral groove is opened on the inner wall of the sleeve, an L-shaped sliding rod is inserted into the inner side of the spiral groove, and the bottom of the L-shaped sliding rod is fixed to the top of the support base plate.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the air blowing device includes: An air blowing frame is fixed to the top of a frame and connected to a condensing chamber via a pipe. The condensing chamber is fixed to the outer wall of the frame. An air cylinder is fixed to the top of a supporting base plate and is connected to a condenser chamber via an air supply pipe.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the inner wall of the air cylinder is connected to the piston block, the top of the piston block is fixed with a push rod, and the top of the push rod is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the fixed base is fixed to the top of the supporting base plate, the top of the fixed base is fixed with a vertical guide rail, the top of the vertical guide rail is fixed with a set of electric push rods, the output shaft of the set of electric push rods is fixed with a sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidably connected with the vertical guide rail, the other set of electric push rods is fixed to the side wall of the sliding seat, and the output shaft of the other set of electric push rods is provided with a laser marking head.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a laser marking machine for robot reducer gears, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through its conveying device, allows operators to manually rotate a rocker arm to drive an adjusting screw to rotate before laser marking, based on the specifications of the robot reducer gears in the current batch. By adjusting the screw's helical transmission with the threaded block, the movable side frame, fixed to it, undergoes directional translation, thereby adjusting the relative distance between the two sets of frames. This ensures that the load-bearing width of the two sets of transmission belts mounted on them precisely matches the outer diameter of the gear to be processed. The belt spacing can be flexibly adjusted according to different reducer gear models, achieving precise guidance of the gears throughout the entire process. This eliminates the need for repeated manual calibration of the workpiece's centered position on the belt, significantly improving production cycle time and equipment flexibility, and effectively reducing changeover costs and time consumption in multi-variety production. When the workpiece is conveyed directly below the marking station, an infrared sensor immediately detects the position signal and transmits it to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then immediately cuts off the power to the drive motor, stopping the transmission belt. This ensures that the conveyor section remains stationary during the marking process, preventing subsequent gears to be marked from colliding and piling up with the current workpiece due to continuous conveying, thus guaranteeing process safety and positioning accuracy.

[0014] 2. The present invention uses a conveying device to drive a motor to transmit torque to a rotating shaft via a pulley and a connecting belt. The rotating shaft further drives the transmission wheel and transmission belt to rotate by means of the surface fit between the hexagonal groove on the hexagonal rod and the hexagonal sleeve rod, thus completing the continuous conveying of the reducer gear. When the operator adjusts the distance between the two sets of frames by rotating the rocker arm, the movable frame installed on the guide block will move together with the transmission wheel on it. At this time, the hexagonal sleeve rod can slide along the axial direction of the hexagonal rod, keeping the torque transmission uninterrupted without interfering with the position adjustment of the frame.

[0015] 3. This invention, through the setting of a conveying device and a lifting and positioning device, ensures that when the reducer gear is conveyed to the preset marking position via the transmission belt, the infrared sensor feeds back the positioning signal to the PLC controller. In addition to stopping the drive motor, the PLC controller simultaneously starts the lifting and positioning device. This device vertically lifts the gear that has been positioned from the belt plane, allowing it to enter the marking preparation posture, and applies centering and clamping actions to precisely fix the gear directly below the focal plane of the laser marking head. This process ensures the stability of the gear during marking, avoiding slight displacement and vibration of the gear due to inertia during the conveying process, and effectively suppressing adverse phenomena such as workpiece warping and slight displacement that may be caused by vibration, thereby significantly improving the positional accuracy and consistency of the marking pattern. Furthermore, the connecting rod and the sliding rack are flexibly connected by a connecting spring: when the positioning block has pressed against the gear hole wall and completed the positioning, and the placement plate continues to rise, causing the sliding rack to still have residual displacement, the connecting spring will be stretched to absorb the excess stroke, thereby avoiding jamming or damage to the workpiece and parts caused by over-constraint of the mechanism, and has both adaptive positioning and overload protection functions.

[0016] 4. This invention, through the setting of a lifting and positioning device and an air blowing device, after the marking process is completed, the cylinder retracts, driving the placement plate and the lifting plate to return to their original position. During this downward movement, the lifting plate compresses the gas in the air cylinder through the push rod linkage piston block, converting mechanical energy into gas internal energy, generating a pulse airflow, and pressing it into the condensing chamber through the air supply pipe. The cooled gas is then transported to the air blowing frame through the pipe, and the nozzles of the air blowing frame concentrate the air onto the surface of the gear reducer that has just been marked. The heat is quickly removed through convection heat transfer, achieving preliminary forced cooling of the workpiece, shortening the post-processing waiting time, and improving operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional front view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying device, lifting and positioning device, air blowing device and laser marking equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the connection structure of the conveying device, lifting and positioning device and the air blowing device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the connection structure of the conveying device, lifting and positioning device and the air blowing device of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the conveying device of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the drive motor, pulley, shaft and hexagonal rod of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lifting and positioning device and the air blowing device of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting and positioning device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the sleeve and the L-shaped slide bar of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the sliding rack, connecting rod, and positioning block of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the air blowing device of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 11. Cabinet door; 12. Support base plate; 2. Conveying device; 21. Frame; 22. Mounting base; 23. Guide block; 24. Drive wheel; 25. Drive belt; 26. Adjusting screw; 27. Threaded block; 28. Rocker arm; 29. ​​Mounting bracket; 210. Drive motor; 211. Mounting plate; 212. Pulley; 213. Rotating shaft; 214. Hexagonal rod; 215. Hexagonal sleeve rod; 216. Hexagonal groove; 217. Slide rail; 218. PLC controller; 219. Infrared sensor; 3. Lifting and positioning device 31. Cylinder; 32. Placement plate; 33. Positioning block; 34. Lifting plate; 35. Drive gear; 36. Sliding rack; 37. Sleeve; 38. Spiral groove; 39. L-shaped slide rod; 310. Connecting rod; 311. Connecting spring; 4. Air blowing device; 41. Air blowing frame; 42. Pipe; 43. Condensation chamber; 44. Air cylinder; 45. Air supply pipe; 46. Piston block; 47. Push rod; 5. Laser marking equipment; 51. Fixed base; 52. Vertical guide rail; 53. Sliding seat; 54. Laser marking head; 55. Electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Please see Figures 1-13 One embodiment of the present invention is: a laser marking machine for robot reducer gears, comprising: The main body 1 has an openable cabinet door 11 on the front and through holes on the left and right sides. Laser marking equipment 5 is installed inside the machine body 1 and is used to laser mark the robot reducer; The laser marking equipment 5 consists of a fixed base 51, a vertical guide rail 52, a sliding seat 53, a laser marking head 54, and two sets of electric push rods 55; The conveying device 2 is located inside the body 1 and is used to convey the gears of the robot reducer. The support base plate 12 is fixed to the inner wall of the machine body 1 and is used to support the laser marking equipment 5 and the conveying device 2. The conveying device 2 includes two sets of frames 21, drive wheels 24, drive belts 25, and adjusting screws 26. One set of frames 21 is fixed to the top of the supporting base plate 12 via a mounting base 22, and the other set of frames 21 is fixed to the top of the guide block 23 via a mounting base 22. Eight sets of drive wheels 24 are provided, with four sets of drive wheels 24 rotatably mounted on the side of the two sets of frames 21 that are close to each other. The drive belts 25 are provided on the drive wheels 24 and are used to convey the gears of the reducer. In this embodiment, the adjusting screw 26 is threadedly connected to the threaded block 27. The adjusting screw 26 passes through the frame 21, which is fixed to the top of the support base 12 via the mounting base 22, and is rotatably connected to the frame 21. The threaded block 27 passes through the frame 21, which is set on the top of the guide block 23, and is fixedly connected to the frame 21. A rocker arm 28 is fixed to the end of the adjusting screw 26. Before performing laser marking, the operator can manually rotate the rocker arm 28 to drive the adjusting screw 26 to rotate according to the specifications of the current batch of robot reducer gears. Through the helical transmission of the adjusting screw 26 and the threaded block 27, the movable side frame 21 fixed to it is driven to move in a directional direction, thereby adjusting the relative distance between the two sets of frames 21, so that the bearing width of the two sets of transmission belts 25 installed on them is precisely matched with the outer diameter of the gear to be processed. After adjustment, the rocker arm 28 is released, and the frame 21 can be securely locked in the target position by utilizing the inherent self-locking characteristics of the threaded pair, without the need for an additional locking device. The adjustable conveyor 2 can flexibly adjust the belt spacing according to different models of reducer gears, achieving precise guidance of the gears throughout the entire process. This completely eliminates the need for manual re-calibration of the workpiece's centered position on the belt, significantly improving production cycle and equipment flexibility, and effectively reducing changeover costs and time consumption for multi-variety production.

[0020] In addition, in this embodiment, a mounting bracket 29 is fixed to the top of the support base plate 12, a drive motor 210 is fixed to the top of the mounting bracket 29, and a mounting plate 211 is fixed to the top of the support base plate 12. Two sets of pulleys 212 are rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting plate 211 near the drive motor 210. The two sets of pulleys 212 are connected by a connecting belt. One set of pulleys 212 is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor 210, and the other set of pulleys 212 is fixed to a rotating shaft 213. The rotating shaft 213 passes through the mounting plate 211 and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 211. The end of the rotating shaft 213 away from the pulleys 212 is fixed to a hexagonal rod 214. A hexagonal sleeve 215 is inserted into the shaft of the transmission wheel 24. The hexagonal sleeve 215 passes through the frame 21 and is close to the hexagonal rod. A hexagonal groove 216 is provided on one side of 214. The hexagonal rod 214 is inserted into the hexagonal groove 216. A slide rail 217 is fixed on the side of the mounting plate 211 away from the pulley 212. The guide block 23 is slidably connected to the slide rail 217. A PLC controller 218 is provided on the front of the machine body 1. An infrared sensor 219 is provided on the top of the frame 21. The PLC controller 218, the infrared sensor 219 and the drive motor 210 are electrically connected. The drive motor 210 transmits torque to the rotating shaft 213 through the transmission of the pulley 212 and the connecting belt. The rotating shaft 213 further drives the transmission wheel 24 and the transmission belt 25 to rotate by means of the surface fit between the hexagonal groove 216 on the hexagonal rod 214 and the hexagonal sleeve rod 215, thereby completing the continuous conveying of the reducer gear. When the operator adjusts the distance between the two sets of frames 21 by rotating the rocker arm 28, the movable frame 21 mounted on the guide block 23 will move together with the transmission wheel 24 on it. At this time, the hexagonal sleeve 215 can slide along the axial direction of the hexagonal rod 214, keeping the torque transmission uninterrupted without interfering with the position adjustment of the frame 21. When the workpiece is conveyed to the position directly below the marking station, the infrared sensor 219 immediately detects the position signal and transmits it to the PLC controller 218, which then immediately cuts off the power to the drive motor 210, stopping the transmission belt 25. This control strategy ensures that the conveyor section remains stationary during the marking process, preventing subsequent gears to be marked from colliding and piling up with the current workpiece due to continuous conveying, thus ensuring process safety and positioning accuracy.

[0021] It is worth noting that the fixed base 51 is fixed to the top of the supporting base plate 12, and a vertical guide rail 52 is fixed to the top of the fixed base 51. The top of the vertical guide rail 52 is fixed to a set of electric push rods 55. The output shaft of one set of electric push rods 55 is fixed to a sliding seat 53, and the sliding seat 53 is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail 52. Another set of electric push rods 55 is fixed to the side wall of the sliding seat 53, and the output shaft of the other set of electric push rods 55 is equipped with a laser marking head 54. The two sets of electric push rods 55 constitute a two-axis adjustment system for the laser marking head 54. Among them, the set of electric push rods 55 vertically installed on the top of the vertical guide rail 52 is used to control the overall lifting and lowering of the sliding seat 53 and the laser marking head 54 to adjust the marking focal length; the other set of electric push rods 55 horizontally installed on the side of the sliding seat 53 independently controls the forward and backward extension position of the laser marking head 54. By adjusting the two sets of electric push rods 55, the laser can be flexibly adapted to reducer gears of different thicknesses and positions, ensuring that the laser focus falls precisely on the workpiece surface to be marked, and achieving a clear and standardized marking effect.

[0022] In this embodiment, before laser marking, the operator can manually rotate the rocker arm 28 to drive the adjusting screw 26 to rotate, according to the specifications of the robot reducer gears in the current batch. By adjusting the helical transmission between the adjusting screw 26 and the threaded block 27, the movable side frame 21 fixed thereto is driven to move in a directional direction, thereby adjusting the relative distance between the two sets of frames 21, so that the bearing width of the two sets of transmission belts 25 installed on them is precisely matched with the outer diameter of the gear to be processed. After adjustment, the rocker arm 28 is released, and the frame 21 is securely locked in the target position by utilizing the inherent self-locking characteristic of the threaded pair. When the operator adjusts the distance between the two sets of frames 21 by rotating the rocker arm 28, the movable frame 21 installed on the guide block 23 will move together with the transmission wheel 24 on it; at this time, the hexagonal sleeve 215 can slide along the axial direction of the hexagonal rod 214, keeping the torque transmission uninterrupted, without causing any interference to the position adjustment of the frame 21.

[0023] After adjustment, start the drive motor 210. The drive motor 210 transmits torque to the rotating shaft 213 through the pulley 212 and the connecting belt. The rotating shaft 213 further drives the transmission wheel 24 and the transmission belt 25 to rotate by means of the surface fit between the hexagonal groove 216 opened on the hexagonal rod 214 and the hexagonal sleeve rod 215. The operator only needs to place the reducer gear to be processed on the transmission belt 25 in an orderly manner to carry out the conveying operation.

[0024] When the workpiece is conveyed to the position directly below the marking station, the infrared sensor 219 immediately detects the position signal and transmits it to the PLC controller 218. The PLC controller 218 then immediately cuts off the power to the drive motor 210, causing the transmission belt 25 to stop running. A set of electric push rods 55, vertically mounted on the top of the vertical guide rail 52, controls the overall lifting and lowering of the sliding seat 53 and the laser marking head 54 to adjust the marking focal length. Another set of electric push rods 55, horizontally mounted on the side of the sliding seat 53, independently controls the forward and backward extension position of the laser marking head 54, thus enabling the marking operation.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-13 Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, a lifting and positioning device 3 is provided on the top of the support base plate 12. The lifting and positioning device 3 is used to lift and position the reducer gear. An air blowing device 4 is installed on the top of the support base plate 12. The air blowing device 4 is used to cool down the reducer gear after marking. When the reducer gear is transported to the preset marking position by the transmission belt 25, the infrared sensor 219 feeds back the arrival signal to the PLC controller 218. In addition to stopping the drive motor 210, the PLC controller 218 simultaneously starts the lifting and positioning device 3. This device vertically lifts the gear that has been positioned off the belt plane, so that it enters the marking preparation posture, and applies centering and clamping actions to accurately fix the gear directly below the focal plane of the laser marking head 54. This process ensures the stability of the gear during marking, avoids slight displacement and vibration of the gear due to inertia during transportation, and effectively suppresses adverse phenomena such as workpiece warping and slight displacement that may be caused by vibration, thereby greatly improving the positional accuracy and consistency of the marking pattern. At the same time, the air blowing device 4 can immediately perform forced cooling on the surface of the workpiece after marking, eliminate local high temperature residue, and avoid the risk of burns caused by touching the high temperature area when manually picking up the workpiece.

[0026] The lifting and positioning device 3 includes: Cylinder 31 is fixed to the top of the support base plate 12. The output end of cylinder 31 is fixed with a placement plate 32, which is located between the two sets of frames 21. Positioning block 33 penetrates and slides through placement plate 32. Cylinder 31 is electrically connected to PLC controller 218. After confirming that drive motor 210 has stopped, PLC controller 218 sends a control signal to cylinder 31. The piston rod of cylinder 31 extends, pushing placement plate 32 vertically upward. The reducer gear above placement plate 32 is smoothly lifted and disengaged from the support of transmission belt 25. Positioning block 33, moving synchronously with placement plate 32, moves within the center hole of the gear, completing the positioning and fixing of the gear's inner hole through radial expansion or external support. The lifting and centering linkage ensures that the gear is reliably constrained the instant it leaves the conveyor surface, ensuring high repeatability of the final marking position and stability of the processing state.

[0027] A lifting plate 34 is fixed to the bottom of the placement plate 32. A through hole is provided on the side of the lifting plate 34. A drive gear 35 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the lifting plate 34. The drive gear 35 meshes with a sliding rack 36. The sliding rack 36 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the placement plate 32. A groove is provided on the top of the sliding rack 36. A connecting rod 310 is fixed to the bottom of the positioning block 33. The connecting rod 310 is slidably mounted in the groove at the top of the sliding rack 36. A connecting spring 311 is fixed in the groove at the top of the sliding rack 36. One end of the sliding rack 36 is fixed to the connecting rod 310. A sleeve 37 is fixed to the bottom of the drive gear 35. The sleeve 37 passes through the bottom of the lifting plate 34 and is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 34. A spiral groove 38 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 37. An L-shaped slide rod 39 is inserted into the inner side of the spiral groove 38. The bottom of the L-shaped slide rod 39 is fixed to the top of the support base plate 12. When the placement plate 32 is driven to rise by the cylinder 31, the lifting plate 34 and the sleeve 37 fixed to the bottom of the placement plate 32 move upward synchronously. At this time, the L-shaped slide rod 39, which is stationary on the support base plate 12, forms a cam-type engagement with the spiral groove 38 on the inner wall of the sleeve 37, forcing the sleeve 37 to rotate while moving vertically. The rotation is transmitted to the sliding rack 36 via the drive gear 35, which drives the sliding rack 36 to translate outward within the guide rail at the bottom of the placement plate 32. This, in turn, drives the positioning block 33 to move radially via the connecting rod 310, pushing it outward from the center hole of the gear and forcibly correcting the workpiece position until the gear and the laser marking head 54 are completely aligned. In particular, the connecting rod 310 and the sliding rack 36 are flexibly connected by a connecting spring 311: when the positioning block 33 has pressed against the gear hole wall and completed positioning, and the placement plate 32 continues to rise, causing the sliding rack 36 to still have residual displacement, the connecting spring 311 will be stretched to absorb the excess stroke, thereby avoiding jamming or damage to the workpiece and parts caused by over-constraint of the mechanism, and has both adaptive positioning and overload protection functions.

[0028] The air blowing device 4 includes: Air blowing frame 41 is fixed to the top of frame 21. Air blowing frame 41 is connected to condenser chamber 43 through pipe 42. Condenser chamber 43 is fixed to the outer wall of frame 21. An air cylinder 44 is fixed to the top of the supporting base plate 12. The air cylinder 44 is connected to a condenser chamber 43 via an air supply pipe 45. The condenser chamber 43 integrates a semiconductor cooling chip, which actively cools the flowing gas. The compressed gas generated by the air cylinder 44 enters the condenser chamber 43 via the air supply pipe 45, and its temperature drops significantly after sufficient heat exchange with the cooling end. The cooled gas is then transported to the air blowing frame 41 via a pipe 42. The nozzles of the air blowing frame 41 concentrate the gas onto the surface of the newly marked gear reducer, rapidly removing heat through convection heat transfer. This achieves initial forced cooling of the workpiece, shortens post-processing waiting time, and improves operational safety.

[0029] In this design, the inner wall of the air cylinder 44 is connected to the piston block 46, and a push rod 47 is fixed to the top of the piston block 46. The top of the push rod 47 is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate 34. After the marking process is completed, the cylinder 31 retracts, causing the placement plate 32 and the lifting plate 34 to return to their original position. During this downward movement, the lifting plate 34 compresses gas within the air cylinder 44 through the push rod 47 and the piston block 46, converting mechanical energy into gas internal energy, generating a pulsed airflow, and then pressing it into the condenser chamber 43 via the air supply pipe 45. This mechanical linkage design, which combines the lifting and resetting action with the air supply, can automatically perform a cooling air blowing after each marking without an additional power source. It is compact in structure and highly energy efficient.

[0030] In this embodiment, after confirming that the drive motor 210 has stopped, the PLC controller 218 immediately sends a control signal to the cylinder 31. The piston rod of the cylinder 31 extends, pushing the placement plate 32 to rise vertically. The reducer gear above the placement plate 32 is smoothly lifted and disengaged from the support of the transmission belt 25.

[0031] As the placement plate 32 is driven upward by the cylinder 31, the lifting plate 34 and sleeve 37, fixed to the bottom of the placement plate 32, move upward synchronously. At this time, the L-shaped sliding rod 39, which is stationary on the support base plate 12, forms a cam-type engagement with the spiral groove 38 on the inner wall of the sleeve 37, forcing the sleeve 37 to rotate while moving vertically. This rotation is transmitted to the sliding rack 36 via the drive gear 35, driving the sliding rack 36 to translate outward within the guide rail at the bottom of the placement plate 32, and then driving the positioning block 33 to move radially through the connecting rod 310, pushing outward from the center hole of the gear and forcibly correcting the position of the workpiece until the gear is completely aligned with the laser marking head 54. Specifically, the connecting rod 310 and the sliding rack 36 are flexibly connected by a connecting spring 311: when the positioning block 33 has pressed against the gear hole wall and completed the positioning, as the placement plate 32 moves upward with the lifting plate 34, the lifting plate 34 moves upward with the push rod 47 and the piston block 46, controlling the air cylinder 44 to perform the air intake action.

[0032] Once the positioning is complete, the laser marking equipment 5 can be controlled to begin marking.

[0033] After the marking is completed, the PLC controller 218 controls the cylinder 31 to drive the placement plate 32 to move downwards and reset. During this process, the L-shaped slide bar 39 slides in the spiral groove 38, forcing the sleeve 37 to rotate in the opposite direction with the drive gear 35, so that the sliding rack 36, the connecting rod 310 and the positioning block 33 are reset, thereby releasing the fixation of the reducer gear.

[0034] Meanwhile, the lifting plate 34 compresses the gas in the air cylinder 44 through the piston block 46 linked by the push rod 47, converting mechanical energy into gas internal energy, generating pulse airflow, and pressing it into the condensing chamber 43 through the air supply pipe 45. The cooled gas is then transported to the air blowing frame 41 through the pipe 42, and blown onto the surface of the gear reducer that has just been marked by the nozzle of the air blowing frame 41. The heat is quickly carried away by convection heat transfer, achieving the initial forced cooling of the workpiece.

[0035] After the placement plate 32 is fully reset, the PLC controller 218 controls the drive motor 210 to work again, driving the transmission belt 25 to continue to work and transport the reducer gear.

[0036] The present invention has been described in detail above. However, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, any modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser marking machine for robot reducer gears, characterized in that, include: The body (1) has an openable cabinet door (11) on its front. The laser marking equipment (5) is installed inside the machine body (1) and is used to laser mark the robot reducer; The laser marking equipment (5) consists of a fixed base (51), a vertical guide rail (52), a sliding seat (53), a laser marking head (54), and two sets of electric push rods (55); The body (1) has through holes on its left and right sides; The conveying device (2) is located inside the body (1) and is used to convey the gears of the robot reducer. The support base plate (12) is fixed on the inner wall of the machine body (1) and is used to support the laser marking equipment (5) and the conveying device (2); The conveying device (2) includes two sets of frames (21). One set of frames (21) is fixed to the top of the support base plate (12) by a mounting base (22), and the other set of frames (21) is fixed to the top of the guide block (23) by a mounting base (22). The transmission wheel (24) is provided in eight sets, and each set of four transmission wheels (24) is rotatably mounted on one side of the two sets of frames (21) that are close to each other; A drive belt (25) is mounted on a drive wheel (24) and is used to transport the gears of the reducer. An adjusting screw (26) is threadedly connected to a threaded block (27). The adjusting screw (26) passes through the frame (21) which is fixed to the top of the support base plate (12) by the mounting base (22), and the adjusting screw (26) is rotatably connected to the frame (21). The threaded block (27) passes through the frame (21) which is set on the top of the guide block (23), and the threaded block (27) is fixedly connected to the frame (21). A rocker arm (28) is fixed to the end of the adjusting screw (26).

2. The laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting bracket (29) is fixed to the top of the support base plate (12), and a drive motor (210) is fixed to the top of the mounting bracket (29). A mounting plate (211) is fixed to the top of the support base plate (12). Two sets of pulleys (212) are rotatably mounted on the side of the mounting plate (211) near the drive motor (210). The two sets of pulleys (212) are connected by a connecting belt. One set of pulleys (212) is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor (210), and the other set of pulleys (212) is fixed to a rotating shaft (213). The rotating shaft (213) passes through the mounting plate (211) and is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (211). The end of the rotating shaft (213) away from the pulleys (212) is connected to a hexagonal rod (214). The transmission wheel (24) is fixed, and a hexagonal sleeve (215) is inserted into the shaft center. The hexagonal sleeve (215) passes through the frame (21). A hexagonal groove (216) is opened on the side of the hexagonal sleeve (215) near the hexagonal rod (214). The hexagonal rod (214) is inserted into the hexagonal groove (216). A slide rail (217) is fixed on the side of the mounting plate (211) away from the pulley (212). The guide block (23) is slidably connected to the slide rail (217). A PLC controller (218) is provided on the front of the machine body (1). An infrared sensor (219) is provided on the top of the frame (21). The PLC controller (218), the infrared sensor (219) and the drive motor (210) are electrically connected.

3. The laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the support base plate (12) is provided with a lifting and positioning device (3), which is used to lift and position the reducer gear. The top of the support base plate (12) is provided with an air blowing device (4), which is used to blow and cool down the gear reducer after the marking is completed.

4. The laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting and positioning device (3) includes: A cylinder (31) is fixed on the top of a support base plate (12), and a placement plate (32) is fixed to the output end of the cylinder (31). The placement plate (32) is located between two sets of frames (21). The positioning block (33) passes through the placement plate (32) and is slidably connected to the placement plate (32). The cylinder (31) is electrically connected to the PLC controller (218).

5. A laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the placement plate (32) is fixed with a lifting plate (34). The side of the lifting plate (34) is provided with a through hole. A drive gear (35) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the lifting plate (34). The drive gear (35) meshes with a sliding rack (36). The sliding rack (36) is slidably installed on the bottom of the placement plate (32). A groove is provided on the top of the sliding rack (36). The bottom of the positioning block (33) is fixed with a connecting rod (310). The connecting rod (310) is slidably installed in the groove on the top of the sliding rack (36). (36) A connecting spring (311) is fixed in the top groove. The end of the connecting spring (311) away from the sliding rack (36) is fixed to the connecting rod (310). A sleeve (37) is fixed at the bottom of the drive gear (35). The sleeve (37) passes through the bottom of the lifting plate (34) and is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (34). A spiral groove (38) is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (37). An L-shaped slide rod (39) is inserted into the inner side of the spiral groove (38). The bottom of the L-shaped slide rod (39) is fixed to the top of the support base plate (12).

6. The laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air blowing device (4) includes: An air blower (41) is fixed to the top of a frame (21). The air blower (41) is connected to a condenser (43) via a pipe (42). The condenser (43) is fixed to the outer wall of the frame (21). An air cylinder (44) is fixed to the top of a support base plate (12) and is connected to a condenser chamber (43) via an air supply pipe (45).

7. A laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the air cylinder (44) is connected to the piston block (46), and a push rod (47) is fixed on the top of the piston block (46). The top of the push rod (47) is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate (34).

8. A laser marking machine for robot reducer gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (51) is fixed to the top of the support base plate (12). A vertical guide rail (52) is fixed to the top of the fixed base (51). The top of the vertical guide rail (52) is fixed to a set of electric push rods (55). The output shaft of the set of electric push rods (55) is fixed to the sliding seat (53). The sliding seat (53) is slidably connected to the vertical guide rail (52). Another set of electric push rods (55) is fixed to the side wall of the sliding seat (53). The output shaft of the other set of electric push rods (55) is provided with a laser marking head (54).

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