A processing device and a processing method

Abstract

The application provides a processing device and a processing method, and belongs to the technical field of processing. The device comprises a workbench, a rotating disc arranged on the workbench, six cutting fixed clamps arranged on the rotating disc for clamping blank parts, six milling fixed clamps arranged on the rotating disc for clamping semi-finished products, a feeding station, a rough cutting station, a rough milling station, a scrap blowing station, a fine cutting station and a fine milling station arranged on the rotating disc in sequence, and the like. The hollow piston can be continuously processed from the blank part to the final product on the same device. During the whole processing process, the workpiece does not need to be repeatedly transported and clamped between different machine tools, positioning reference conversion errors caused by the circulation between processes are effectively avoided, auxiliary working hours are greatly shortened, and the efficiency of batch production is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of processing technology, and in particular relates to a processing device and a processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Hollow pistons are key components in equipment such as automotive air conditioning compressors. Currently, the machining of hollow pistons typically involves multiple processes, including cutting, rough milling, and finish milling. In existing technologies, these processes are often performed on different specialized machine tools, requiring the workpiece to be repeatedly transferred and re-clamped between these machines. This decentralized machining model has the following drawbacks: First, multiple clamping operations lead to frequent changes in positioning references, making it difficult to guarantee positional accuracy between processes and resulting in poor dimensional stability; second, the long process flow time severely restricts production efficiency and mass production capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a device that allows for the completion of multiple processing steps on a single machine.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a processing apparatus for processing hollow pistons, comprising: Work surface; A turntable, which is rotatably mounted on the worktable surface; Six cutting and fixing clamps for clamping blanks are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference on the turntable; Six milling fixtures for clamping semi-finished products are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference on the turntable. The turntable is arranged circumferentially with a feeding station, a rough cutting station, a rough milling station, a chip blowing station, a fine cutting station, and a fine milling station at intervals. The blank is clamped in the cutting and fixing fixture and then passes through the rough cutting station, the chip blowing station and the fine cutting station in sequence as the turntable rotates, thus forming a semi-finished product. The semi-finished product is transferred to the milling fixture, and a new blank is clamped on the empty cutting fixture. Both rotate synchronously with the turntable. The semi-finished product passes through the rough milling station, the chip blowing station and the finish milling station in sequence to form a finished product, while the new blank passes through the rough cutting station, the chip blowing station and the finish cutting station in sequence to form the next semi-finished product.

[0005] Preferably, the cutting and fixing fixture includes a first abutting part and a first mounting base fixedly disposed on the turntable. The first mounting base is provided with a first mounting groove for placing a blank, and a positioning part is provided in the first mounting groove. The positioning part is used for insertion and positioning with the blank. The first mounting base is also provided with a first driving member, which is drivenly connected to the first abutting part to drive the first abutting part to abut or separate from the blank.

[0006] Preferably, a first mounting block is detachably provided on the first mounting base, the first mounting groove is formed on the first mounting block, and the positioning part is detachably provided in the first mounting groove.

[0007] Preferably, the first driving member includes a first output end capable of linear movement, the first output end being hinged to one end of the first abutting part, the other end of the first abutting part being used to abut against the blank, and the first mounting base being connected to the first abutting part via a connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the milling fixture includes a second abutment and a second mounting base fixed on the turntable. The second mounting base has a second mounting groove for placing the semi-finished product. Along the axial direction of the second mounting groove, an end face positioning member is provided at the end of the second mounting groove. The second mounting base is also provided with a second driving member. The second driving member is drivenly connected to the second abutment to drive the second abutment to abut or separate from the semi-finished product.

[0009] Preferably, the end face positioning member includes a clamping part and an output part that can move linearly. The clamping part and the output part are respectively disposed at both ends of the second mounting groove, and the clamping part has an axial limit limiting position. The output part and the clamping part can respectively abut against both ends of the semi-finished product to clamp and fix the semi-finished product.

[0010] Preferably, the second mounting base is provided with a through adjustment hole, the axis of the adjustment hole is parallel to the axis of the second mounting groove, the clamping part is inserted into the adjustment hole, and the clamping part can move along the axial direction of the adjustment hole. The second mounting base is also provided with a limiting part, which is used to limit the extreme position of the clamping part moving along the axial direction of the adjustment hole.

[0011] Preferably, a raised seat is provided on the workbench, the turntable is rotatably mounted on the raised seat, two parallel and spaced chip removal grooves are provided on the workbench, a chip feeding screw is rotatably mounted in the chip removal groove, and a collection box is provided at the output end of the chip feeding screw.

[0012] Preferably, in the vertical direction, the projection of the turntable covers at least a portion of the chip removal groove, and a raised guide portion is provided on the worktable surface. The raised guide portion includes two symmetrically arranged guide surfaces, one end of each guide surface is connected to the other end of each guide surface, and the other end of each guide surface extends to the corresponding chip removal groove.

[0013] A processing method, applied to the above-mentioned processing apparatus, includes the following steps: S1. The blank is clamped in the loading station onto the available cutting and fixing fixture; S2. Rotate the turntable so that the cutting fixture holding the blank part passes through the roughing station, the chip blowing station and the fine cutting station in sequence, and performs roughing, chip blowing and fine cutting on the blank part in sequence to form a semi-finished product. S3. The semi-finished product is rotated to the loading station along with the cutting fixture. The semi-finished product is unloaded from the cutting fixture and switched to the idle milling fixture. At the same time, a new blank is clamped on the empty cutting fixture. S4. Rotate the turntable to make the cutting fixture holding the new blank and the milling fixture holding the semi-finished product rotate synchronously, and perform the following processing at each station: At the roughing station, the blank is rough cut. At the rough milling station, the semi-finished product is rough milled. At the chip blowing station, chip removal is performed on the rough-cut blanks and the semi-finished products after rough milling. At the precision cutting station, the blank after chip blowing is precision cut to form a semi-finished product; At the precision milling station, the semi-finished product after chip removal is precision milled to form the finished product; S5. The semi-finished product and the finished product are rotated to the loading station by the turntable. The finished product is removed and the semi-finished product is transferred from the cutting fixture to the idle milling fixture. At the same time, a new blank is clamped on the empty cutting fixture. Then, steps S4-S5 are repeated.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the entire cutting and milling process of the hollow piston, from the blank to the final product, can be completed continuously on the same machine. Throughout the entire processing, the workpiece does not need to be repeatedly transferred and re-clamped between different machine tools, effectively avoiding positioning reference conversion errors caused by inter-process transfers, while significantly shortening auxiliary time and improving the efficiency of mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the processing device; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the usage status of the cutting fixture; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the state of the workpiece after it has been removed from the machine. Figure 5 This is one of the three-dimensional structural diagrams of a milling fixture; Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a milling fixture.

[0016] In the diagram, 100 is the worktable; 101 is the turntable; 102 is the loading station; 103 is the rough cutting station; 104 is the rough milling station; 105 is the chip blowing station; 106 is the finish cutting station; 107 is the finish milling station; 200 is the cutting fixture; 201 is the first mounting base; 202 is the first abutment part; 203 is the first mounting groove; 204 is the positioning part; 205 is the first driving component; 206 is the first mounting block; 300 is the milling fixture; 301 is the second mounting base; 302 is the second mounting groove; 303 is the output part; 304 is the clamping part; 305 is the second driving component; 306 is the second abutment part; 307 is the limiting part; 308 is the limiting screw; 400 is the lifting seat; 401 is the chip removal groove; 402 is the chip feeding screw; 403 is the collection box; and 404 is the guide surface. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0018] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0019] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a processing apparatus for processing hollow pistons, comprising: The worktable 100 is used to support and mount the various components of the processing device; A turntable 101 is rotatably mounted on a worktable 100. A drive mechanism is provided on the worktable 100, which is connected to the turntable 101 for driving the turntable 101 to rotate around its own axis. Six cutting fixtures 200 and six milling fixtures 300 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the turntable 101, and the cutting fixtures 200 and milling fixtures 300 are arranged adjacent to each other in a one-to-one correspondence. The cutting fixtures 200 are used to clamp blanks (i.e., hollow pistons to be cut), and the milling fixtures 300 are used to clamp semi-finished products (i.e., hollow pistons after cutting). Around the turntable 101, the worktable 100 is circumferentially arranged with a loading station 102, a rough cutting station 103, a rough milling station 104, a chip blowing station 105, a finish cutting station 106, and a finish milling station 107. When the turntable 101 rotates, each cutting fixture 200 and milling fixture 300 passes through each station in sequence.

[0020] It should be noted that the roughing station 103 and the finishing station 106 are used to cut the two ends of the blank clamped on the cutting fixture 200 to remove excess material at both ends and form a semi-finished product with a predetermined length; the rough milling station 104 and the finishing milling station 107 use a ball milling head to mill the semi-finished product clamped on the milling fixture 300 to machine a ball-and-socket structure on the semi-finished product; the chip blowing station 105 is equipped with a chip blowing mechanism for cleaning the workpiece after cutting or milling. The working process of this processing device includes an initial start-up stage and a continuous cycle production stage: During the initial startup phase, i.e., when the equipment is first started, all milling fixtures 300 are idle. At the loading station 102, the operator or automated robot clamps a blank onto the cutting fixture 200. At this time, only the cutting fixture 200 on the turntable 101 carries the workpiece. Subsequently, the blank, along with the cutting fixture 200, passes through the roughing station 103, the chip blowing station 105, and the finishing station 106 in sequence, forming the first semi-finished product. After the finishing is completed, the turntable 101 continues to rotate, bringing the cutting fixture 200 holding the semi-finished product back to the loading station 102.

[0021] During the continuous production cycle: the operator or automated robot removes the first semi-finished product from the cutting fixture 200 and clamps it onto the milling fixture 300 corresponding to the cutting fixture 200; simultaneously, a new blank is clamped onto the idle cutting fixture 200. At this point, the cutting fixture 200 is loaded with the blank, and the milling fixture 300 is loaded with the semi-finished product, and the equipment officially enters the dual-flow parallel state.

[0022] In the roughing station 103 and the finishing station 106, only the workpiece currently located on the cutting fixture 200 at that station is processed, and the workpiece located on the milling fixture 300 at that station only moves along. In rough milling station 104 and finish milling station 107, only the workpiece currently located on the milling fixture 300 at that station is processed, and the workpiece located on the cutting fixture 200 at that station only moves along. At the chip blowing station 105, the workpieces located on the cutting fixture 200 and the milling fixture 300 at the same station are simultaneously cleaned by chip blowing. At loading station 102, finished product unloading, semi-finished product clamping, and new blank loading operations are performed.

[0023] In this application, the present invention arranges multiple workstations such as rough cutting and rough milling around the turntable 101 on the worktable 100, and integrates the cutting fixture 200 and the milling fixture 300 in pairs on the same turntable 101. This allows the entire cutting and milling process of the hollow piston, from the blank to the final product, to be completed continuously on the same machine. Throughout the entire processing, the workpiece does not need to be repeatedly transferred and re-clamped between different machine tools, effectively avoiding positioning reference conversion errors caused by inter-process transfers. At the same time, it significantly shortens auxiliary time and improves the efficiency of mass production.

[0024] Each workstation has a clear division of labor. The cutting workstation only processes raw parts, and the milling workstation only processes semi-finished products. There is no need for complex multi-workstation linkage and coordination control, which effectively simplifies the control system and reduces the failure rate.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the cutting and fixing fixture 200 includes a first mounting base 201 and a first abutting part 202. The first mounting base 201 is fixedly mounted on the turntable 101 and is used to support and position the blank. The first mounting base 201 is provided with a first mounting groove 203 for placing the blank. Preferably, the first mounting groove 203 is a V-shaped groove.

[0026] A positioning part 204 is also provided in the first mounting groove 203. The positioning part 204 is used to insert and position itself into a pre-set groove on the blank. Specifically, the positioning part 204 protrudes from the bottom surface of the first mounting groove 203, and its shape is adapted to the groove on the blank. When the blank is placed in the first mounting groove 203, the positioning part 204 is inserted into the groove of the blank, thereby achieving circumferential positioning of the blank and preventing axial movement and radial rotation of the blank during processing.

[0027] The first mounting base 201 is also provided with a first driving member 205, which is drivenly connected to the first abutting part 202 and is used to drive the first abutting part 202 to abut or separate from the blank. The first driving member 205 has a first output end capable of linear telescopic movement. The first output end is hinged to one end of the first abutting part 202, and the other end of the first abutting part 202 is an abutting end, used to abut and press against the outer wall of the blank. The first mounting base 201 and the first abutting part 202 are connected by a connecting rod. When the first output end extends, it can drive the first abutting part 202 to swing, so that its abutting end presses down against the blank in the first mounting groove 203; when the first output end retracts, the abutting end lifts up to release the blank. The first mounting base 201 is detachably provided with a first mounting block 206, the first mounting groove 203 is formed on the first mounting block 206, and the positioning part 204 is detachably provided in the first mounting groove 203. Specifically, the first mounting block 206 is fixedly connected to the first mounting base 201 by bolts. When it is necessary to process hollow pistons of different specifications, only the first mounting block 206 needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire first mounting base 201. At the same time, the positioning part 204 adopts a detachable pin structure. When the groove size on the blank changes, only the positioning part 204 needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire first mounting block 206.

[0028] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the milling fixture 300 includes a second mounting base 301 and a second abutment portion 306. The second mounting base 301 is fixedly mounted on the turntable 101, and a second mounting groove 302 is formed on the second mounting base 301 for placing semi-finished products. Preferably, the second mounting groove 302 is a V-shaped groove.

[0029] Along the axial direction of the second mounting groove 302, an end face positioning member is provided at the end of the second mounting groove 302. The end face positioning member is used for axial positioning of the semi-finished product. Specifically, the end face positioning member includes a clamping part 304 and an output part 303 capable of linear movement. The clamping part 304 and the output part 303 are respectively provided at both ends of the second mounting groove 302 along the axial direction. The clamping part 304 has an axial limit position, and the output part 303 and the clamping part 304 can respectively abut against both ends of the semi-finished product to clamp and fix the semi-finished product. Preferably, the output part 303 is a telescopic rod of a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric actuator. When it extends, it abuts against one end face of the semi-finished product, pressing the semi-finished product axially towards the clamping part 304 at the other end, so that both end faces of the semi-finished product are tightly abutted against the clamping part 304 and the output part 303 respectively, thereby achieving precise positioning and clamping fixation of the semi-finished product in the axial direction.

[0030] The second mounting base 301 is also provided with a second driving member 305, which is drivenly connected to the second abutment portion 306, and is used to drive the second abutment portion 306 to abut or separate from the semi-finished product. The second driving member 305 has a second output end capable of linear movement. One end of the second abutment portion 306 is hinged to the second output end, and the other end of the second abutment portion 306 is an abutment end, used to abut and press against the outer wall of the semi-finished product. In particular, the second abutment portion 306 has a through cavity for a milling cutter to pass through.

[0031] The second mounting base 301 has a through adjustment hole, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the second mounting groove 302. The clamping part 304 is inserted into the adjustment hole and can move along the axis of the adjustment hole.

[0032] Specifically, a limiting part 307 is fixedly provided on the clamping part 304. Three limiting screws 308 arranged in a triangle are provided on the limiting part 307, with the axis of each limiting screw 308 parallel to the axis of the clamping part 304. Each limiting screw 308 passes through the limiting part 307 and is screwed to the second mounting base 301. The screw head of the limiting screw 308 is located on the side of the limiting part 307 facing away from the second mounting base 301, and the screw head abuts against the corresponding end face of the limiting part 307, thereby limiting the extreme limiting position of the limiting part 307. The triangular distribution structure makes the abutting force of the limiting screws 308 against the limiting part 307 more balanced, effectively preventing the clamping part 304 from tilting during adjustment or processing.

[0033] The limiting part 307 can slide relative to the limiting screw 308. During the end face positioning process, the output part 303 extends and pushes the semi-finished product along the axial direction of the second mounting groove 302 toward the clamping part 304, so that the end face of the workpiece abuts against the clamping part 304. The output part 303 continues to apply thrust, pushing the clamping part 304 and the limiting part 307 fixed thereto to slide together away from the second mounting base 301 until the limiting part 307 abuts against the screw heads of each limiting screw 308. At this time, the clamping part 304 reaches the limit position defined by the limiting screw 308, thus completing the final axial positioning. In other words, the clamping stroke of the output part 303 is determined by the contact position between the limiting part 307 and the screw heads of the limiting screw 308.

[0034] Furthermore, a lifting seat 400 is provided on the worktable 100, and the turntable 101 is rotatably mounted on the lifting seat 400. The lifting seat 400 raises the turntable 101 above the worktable 100, providing space for the chips generated during processing to fall and be collected. Two parallel and spaced chip removal grooves 401 are provided on the worktable 100. A chip feeding screw 402 is rotatably mounted within each chip removal groove 401, and a collection box 403 is located at the output end of the chip feeding screw 402. Chips generated during processing fall into the chip removal grooves 401 under gravity. The chip feeding screw 402, driven by an external motor, continuously rotates, pushing the chips in the chip removal grooves 401 along the length of the grooves to the collection box 403 at the output end, achieving automatic centralized collection of chips, effectively reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and keeping the worktable 100 clean.

[0035] In the vertical direction, the projection of the turntable 101 covers at least a portion of the chip removal groove 401. In other words, the orthographic projection of the turntable 101 on the horizontal plane at least partially overlaps the top of the chip removal groove 401, so that the chips generated in the processing area around the turntable 101 can fall directly into the chip removal groove 401, or be guided into the chip removal groove 401 by the edge of the turntable 101, thereby improving the coverage area and collection efficiency of chip collection.

[0036] Meanwhile, the worktable 100 is provided with a raised guide portion, which includes two symmetrically arranged guide surfaces 404. One end of each guide surface 404 is connected to the other, and the other end extends downwards at an angle to the corresponding chip removal groove 401. During processing, when chips fall onto the raised guide portion, they automatically slide down along the inclined guide surfaces 404 into the chip removal grooves 401 on both sides, further improving chip removal efficiency. Preferably, the guide surface 404 is a smooth plane or a concave arc surface to reduce resistance during chip sliding.

[0037] It should be noted that the cutting fixture 200 and the milling fixture 300 are mounted in different orientations on the turntable 101. Specifically, the workpiece on the cutting fixture 200 is arranged along a first direction of the horizontal plane, while the workpiece on the milling fixture 300 is arranged along a second direction of the horizontal plane, with the first and second directions perpendicular to each other. This spatially staggers the required tool paths and machining areas, effectively avoiding potential structural interference between the cutting and milling stations and providing ample operating space for different machining processes. Furthermore, each station is equipped with a monitoring sensor; machining actions are automatically triggered when the workpiece reaches its designated position, achieving automated connection of machining processes and further reducing manual intervention.

[0038] This embodiment provides a processing method applied to the above-mentioned processing apparatus, specifically including the following steps: S1. The blank is clamped at the loading station 102 onto the idle cutting and fixing fixture 200. The operator or the automatic loading robot places the blank to be processed into the mounting slot of the cutting and fixing fixture 200, and fixes the blank through the clamping mechanism to ensure that it does not shift during subsequent processing.

[0039] S2. Start the turntable 101 to rotate, so that the cutting fixture 200 holding the blank part moves to the rough cutting station 103. The rough cutting station 103 is equipped with a cutting tool to perform rough cutting on the blank part, remove most of the excess material of the blank part, and form a preliminary outline; The cutting fixture 200 continues to rotate with the turntable 101 to the chip blowing station 105. The chip blowing station 105 is equipped with air nozzles to clean the chip surface of the workpiece after rough cutting. High-pressure gas is used to blow away the chips and dust adhering to the workpiece surface and the mounting groove to avoid residual chips affecting the accuracy of subsequent fine cutting. The cutting fixture 200 continues to rotate with the turntable 101 to the precision cutting station 106. The precision cutting station 106 is equipped with precision cutting tools to perform precision cutting on the workpiece after chip removal, forming a semi-finished product with higher dimensional accuracy and better surface quality.

[0040] S3. The semi-finished product returns to the loading station 102 as the cutting fixture 200 rotates. At the loading station 102, the semi-finished product is unloaded from the cutting fixture 200 and switched to the milling fixture 300. At the same time, a new blank is clamped on the idle cutting fixture 200. At this point, the cutting fixture 200 is loaded with a new blank to be processed, while the milling fixture 300 is loaded with the semi-finished product that has completed the cutting process, ready for the milling operation.

[0041] S4. Turntable 101 rotates again, and the blank and semi-finished product rotate synchronously. The cutting fixture 200 holding the blank moves to the roughing station 103 to perform rough cutting on the blank. At the same time, the milling fixture 300 holding the semi-finished product also moves synchronously with turntable 101 to the corresponding station. Turntable 101 continues to rotate, and the blank and semi-finished product rotate synchronously. While the cutting fixture 200 holding the blank moves to the rough cutting station 103 for rough cutting, the milling fixture 300 holding the semi-finished product moves to the rough milling station 104 to perform rough milling on the semi-finished product; The rough-cut blank and the semi-finished product after rough milling are rotated together with the turntable 101 to the chip blowing station 105, and the surfaces of the blank and the semi-finished product are cleaned by chip blowing at the same time to ensure that the surfaces of both are clean and free of chips before entering the finishing process. Turntable 101 rotates, and the blank and semi-finished product rotate synchronously to the precision cutting station 106. The blank after chip removal is precision cut to form a semi-finished product. At this time, the blank has completed the entire cutting process from rough cutting to precision cutting and has been transformed into a semi-finished product. Turntable 101 continues to rotate to the precision milling station 107, where the semi-finished product after chip removal is precision milled to form the finished product.

[0042] During one rotation of the turntable 101, the cutting fixture 200 holding the new blank and the milling fixture 300 holding the semi-finished product rotate synchronously, and each station performs the above processing synchronously.

[0043] S5. The precision-cut semi-finished product and the precision-milled finished product are transferred together with the turntable 101 to the loading station 102. At the loading station 102, the finished product is removed and sent to the finished product collection area; the semi-finished product is transferred from the cutting fixture 200 to the milling fixture 300, ready to enter the next round of milling processing; at the same time, a new blank is placed on the cutting fixture 200. Then, steps S4 to S5 are repeated to achieve continuous cycle production.

[0044] It should be noted that in this invention, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. The terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0046] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A processing apparatus for processing hollow pistons, characterized in that, include: Work surface; A turntable, which is rotatably mounted on the worktable surface; Six cutting and fixing clamps for clamping blanks are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference on the turntable; Six milling fixtures for clamping semi-finished products are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference on the turntable. The turntable is arranged circumferentially with a feeding station, a rough cutting station, a rough milling station, a chip blowing station, a fine cutting station, and a fine milling station at intervals. The blank is clamped in the cutting and fixing fixture and then passes through the rough cutting station, the chip blowing station and the fine cutting station in sequence as the turntable rotates, thus forming a semi-finished product. The semi-finished product is transferred to the milling fixture, and a new blank is clamped on the empty cutting fixture. Both rotate synchronously with the turntable. The semi-finished product passes through the rough milling station, the chip blowing station and the finish milling station in sequence to form a finished product, while the new blank passes through the rough cutting station, the chip blowing station and the finish cutting station in sequence to form the next semi-finished product.

2. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting and fixing fixture includes a first abutting part and a first mounting base fixedly mounted on the turntable. The first mounting base is provided with a first mounting groove for placing a blank, and a positioning part is provided in the first mounting groove. The positioning part is used for insertion and positioning with the blank. The first mounting base is also provided with a first driving member, which is drivenly connected to the first abutting part to drive the first abutting part to abut or separate from the blank.

3. The processing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first mounting base is detachably provided with a first mounting block, the first mounting groove is formed on the first mounting block, and the positioning part is detachably provided in the first mounting groove.

4. The processing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first driving member includes a first output end capable of linear movement, the first output end being hinged to one end of the first abutting part, the other end of the first abutting part being used to abut against a blank, and the first mounting base being connected to the first abutting part via a connecting rod.

5. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The milling fixture includes a second abutment and a second mounting base fixed on the turntable. The second mounting base has a second mounting groove for placing the semi-finished product. Along the axial direction of the second mounting groove, an end face positioning member is provided at the end of the second mounting groove. The second mounting base is also provided with a second driving member. The second driving member is drivenly connected to the second abutment to drive the second abutment to abut or separate from the semi-finished product.

6. The processing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end face positioning component includes a clamping part and an output part that can move linearly. The clamping part and the output part are respectively disposed at both ends of the second mounting groove, and the clamping part has an axial limit position. The output part and the clamping part can respectively abut against both ends of the semi-finished product to clamp and fix the semi-finished product.

7. The processing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second mounting base is provided with a through adjustment hole, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the second mounting groove. The clamping part is inserted into the adjustment hole and can move along the axial direction of the adjustment hole. The second mounting base is also provided with a limiting part, which is used to limit the extreme position of the clamping part moving along the axial direction of the adjustment hole.

8. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A raised seat is provided on the workbench, and the turntable is rotatably mounted on the raised seat. Two parallel and spaced chip removal grooves are provided on the workbench, and a chip feeding screw is rotatably mounted in the chip removal groove. A collection box is provided at the output end of the chip feeding screw.

9. The processing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the vertical direction, the projection of the turntable covers at least a portion of the chip removal groove, and a raised guide portion is provided on the worktable surface. The raised guide portion includes two symmetrically arranged guide surfaces, one end of each guide surface is connected to the other end of each guide surface, and the other end of each guide surface extends to the corresponding chip removal groove.

10. A processing method, applied to the processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The blank is clamped in the loading station onto the available cutting and fixing fixture; S2. Rotate the turntable so that the cutting fixture holding the blank part passes through the roughing station, the chip blowing station and the fine cutting station in sequence, and performs roughing, chip blowing and fine cutting on the blank part in sequence to form a semi-finished product. S3. The semi-finished product is rotated to the loading station along with the cutting fixture. The semi-finished product is unloaded from the cutting fixture and switched to the idle milling fixture. At the same time, a new blank is clamped on the empty cutting fixture. S4. Rotate the turntable to make the cutting fixture holding the new blank and the milling fixture holding the semi-finished product rotate synchronously, and perform the following processing at each station: At the roughing station, the blank is rough cut. At the rough milling station, the semi-finished product is rough milled. At the chip blowing station, chip removal is performed on the rough-cut blanks and the semi-finished products after rough milling. At the precision cutting station, the blank after chip blowing is precision cut to form a semi-finished product; At the precision milling station, the semi-finished product after chip removal is precision milled to form the finished product; S5. The semi-finished product and the finished product are rotated to the loading station by the turntable. The finished product is removed and the semi-finished product is transferred from the cutting fixture to the idle milling fixture. At the same time, a new blank is clamped on the empty cutting fixture. Then, steps S4-S5 are repeated.

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