An inspection robot based on internet of things

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of inspection robots, in particular to an inspection robot based on the Internet of Things, which comprises an inspection robot body, walking wheels installed at the bottom of the inspection robot body, folding detection rods installed at the two sides of the inspection robot body and an automatic wrench installed at the bottom of the inspection robot body; the fixed side frames are arranged at the two sides of the inspection robot, and the bolt protection mechanism is arranged at the fixed side frames; the bolt protection mechanism removes the old protective caps on the nuts, then detects and maintains the bolts, and when the detection and maintenance of the bolts are completed, the bolt protection mechanism installs the protective caps on the bolts again, thereby protecting the bolts, effectively solving the rust problem of the bolts exposed to the outdoor environment for a long time, effectively protecting the bolts, and facilitating the subsequent maintenance and disassembly of the bolts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of inspection robot technology, specifically to an inspection robot based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical national infrastructure, the operational safety of railway tracks directly depends on the integrity of the track structure. Currently, railway inspection mainly relies on a combination of manual inspection and automated equipment. Automated inspection equipment includes track inspection vehicles, drones, and ground inspection robots. Among these, ground inspection robots, capable of operating around the clock with various types of sensors, are gradually becoming the mainstream technology. Existing inspection robots typically integrate modules such as high-definition cameras, LiDAR, and ultrasonic sensors. They use image recognition and point cloud analysis technology to detect surface defects on rails, gauge discrepancies, and loose fasteners, and transmit the data back to the maintenance center for diagnosis via an IoT module.

[0003] Since the rail fastening system fixes the rails and sleepers through a bolt-nut structure, its tightness directly affects train operation safety. Existing inspection robots can simultaneously detect and maintain the condition of the nuts, and they also integrate automated wrenches. However, because railway tracks are located in the field, and the bolts in the external environment are exposed to rain, snow, and ballast corrosion for a long time, even with anti-rust treatments such as galvanizing and Dacromet coating, thread corrosion can still occur due to fretting wear. Existing inspection robots can only disassemble and assemble bolts under ideal conditions. Corroded bolts require greater torque when disassembling, which can easily cause the automated wrench to strip. Therefore, we propose an inspection robot based on the Internet of Things. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an inspection robot based on the Internet of Things to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an inspection robot based on the Internet of Things, comprising an inspection robot body, walking wheels installed at the bottom of the inspection robot body, foldable detection rods installed on both sides of the inspection robot body, and an automated wrench installed at the bottom of the inspection robot body. The inspection robot body moves along the railway track by means of the walking wheels, and the inspection robot body is provided with a liftable Internet of Things antenna on its top.

[0006] A fixed side frame is also fixedly installed on one side of the inspection robot, and a collection box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed side frame;

[0007] A support plate is slidably connected to the fixed side frame, and a pushing component is also installed on the fixed side frame, the pushing component being used to push the support plate;

[0008] A bolt protection mechanism is installed at the bottom of the support plate and on the side close to the railway track. The bolt protection mechanism has multiple protective caps inside, which are used to protect the bolts. When the inspection robot is working, the Internet of Things module transmits bolt status data in real time. The automated wrench and the bolt protection mechanism work together in a preset sequence: protective cap removal → bolt inspection → maintenance operation → new protective cap installation.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed side frame is provided with a guide opening, through which a guide shaft slides, and one end of the guide shaft is fixedly connected to the support plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the pushing component includes a first electric push rod, a pushing block, and a pushing support rod. The first electric push rod is fixedly installed inside the fixed side frame, and the output end of the first electric push rod is fixedly connected to the pushing block. There are two pushing support rods, which are distributed vertically at the pushing block. One end of each of the two pushing support rods is hinged to the pushing block via a pin, and the other end of each of the two pushing support rods is rotatably connected to the support plate via a pin.

[0011] Furthermore, the bolt protection mechanism includes a supporting base shell, a storage component, a material unloading and ejecting component, and a clamping and pushing component. One end of the bottom of the supporting plate is fixedly connected to the supporting base shell. The supporting base shell is provided with a material unloading cavity and a connecting cavity. The bottom of the connecting cavity is provided with a connecting opening.

[0012] The storage device is located above the unloading cavity and is used to store multiple protective caps;

[0013] The unloading guide is located at the top of the unloading cavity and is used to sequentially unload the protective caps.

[0014] The clamping and pushing component is located between the feeding cavity and the connecting cavity, and through the provided bolt protection mechanism, it effectively protects the bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, the storage component includes a storage cylinder, a following plate, and a compression spring. Multiple compression springs are provided, one end of each compression spring is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the storage cylinder, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the following plate. The following plate is slidably connected inside the storage cylinder. Multiple protective caps are stacked sequentially inside the storage cylinder, with the openings of the protective caps facing downwards.

[0016] The top of the feeding cavity is provided with a through hole, and an edge with external threads is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the through hole. The inner side of the bottom of the storage cylinder is provided with an internal thread, and the storage cylinder is threaded to the edge through the internal thread. Through the provided storage component, the protective cap can be stored.

[0017] Furthermore, the protective cap comprises a small-diameter section, a large-diameter section, and a magnetic outer edge. The small-diameter section is located at the top of the large-diameter section, and the magnetic outer edge is fixedly installed at the bottom of the large-diameter section, with the magnetic outer edge and the bottom of the large-diameter section on the same horizontal plane.

[0018] Furthermore, the unloading and guiding component includes an unloading wheel and a driving component. There are two unloading wheels, each with an unloading spiral groove. The top of the supporting base shell also has a receiving cavity. The driving component is located in the receiving cavity and is used to synchronously drive the two unloading wheels so that the two unloading wheels drive the protective cap to unload into the unloading cavity in sequence. Through the unloading and guiding component, the protective cap is unloaded.

[0019] Furthermore, the clamping and pushing component includes a moving ring, a moving block, a moving element, a clamping block, a connecting element, and a synchronous pressing element. The moving ring is slidably connected between the feeding cavity and the connecting cavity. There are two moving blocks, both of which are fixedly installed on the outside of the moving ring. The moving element is set on the supporting bottom shell and is used to synchronously drive the two moving blocks.

[0020] The clamping blocks are provided in multiple ways, and the multiple clamping blocks are distributed around the inner side of the moving ring. The two ends of the connector are respectively connected to the clamping blocks and the moving ring. The synchronous pressing component is provided on the moving ring and is used to synchronously press down and connect the multiple clamping blocks. Through the provided clamping and pushing component, the protective cap is clamped and pushed.

[0021] Furthermore, the connector includes a connecting rod and a connecting spring. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving ring. The clamping block is provided with a connecting groove at the position corresponding to the connecting rod. Both ends of the connecting spring are fixedly connected to the connecting groove and the connecting rod, respectively. Through the provided connector, the clamping block is connected.

[0022] Furthermore, the synchronous pressing component includes a second electric push rod, a pressing ring, and a pressing block. The second electric push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end inside the moving ring, and the output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the pressing ring. Multiple pressing blocks are provided, and the multiple pressing blocks are fixedly arranged around the outside of the pressing ring. A pressing inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the pressing block. A pushing inclined surface is provided on the clamping block at the position corresponding to the pressing inclined surface. The pressing inclined surface and the pushing inclined surface are slidably connected.

[0023] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. When this invention is used, the fixed side frames on both sides of the inspection robot, and the bolt protection mechanism at the fixed side frames, allow the old protective caps on the nuts to be removed. Subsequently, the bolts are inspected and maintained. After the inspection and maintenance of the bolts are completed, the bolt protection mechanism reinstalls the protective caps on the bolts to protect them. This effectively solves the problem of bolts being exposed to the outdoor environment for a long time, alleviates the problem of rust, and provides effective protection for the bolts. It also facilitates the subsequent inspection and disassembly of the bolts.

[0025] 2. The IoT module of this invention transmits bolt status data in real time and automatically triggers the protective cap replacement program, realizing closed-loop control of "monitoring-removal-maintenance-reinstallation", which effectively reduces the annual corrosion rate of bolts. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the inspection robot of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the inspection robot body of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed side frame structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the collection box structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pushing component structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the storage component structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting bottom shell structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the supporting bottom shell of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the movable lead screw structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the lower pressure block structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure ring structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cap structure of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1-Inspection robot body; 11-Wheel; 12-Automatic wrench; 13-Liftable IoT antenna; 2-Fixed side frame; 21-Guide port; 22-Guide shaft; 3-Collection box; 4-Support plate; 5-Bolt protection mechanism; 51-Supporting base shell; 511-Discharge cavity; 512-Connecting cavity; 513-Connecting opening; 514-Through hole; 515-Accommodation cavity; 52-Storage component; 521-Storage cylinder; 522-Following plate; 523-Compression spring; 53-Discharge guide component; 531-Export wheel; 5311-Export spiral groove; 54-Gripping and pushing component; 541-Moving ring; 542-Moving block; 543-Moving component; 5431-Moving screw; 5432-Synchronous gear; 5433-Gear Chain; 5434-Synchronous motor; 544-Clamping block; 5441-Connecting groove; 5442-Pushing ramp; 545-Connector; 5451-Connecting rod; 5452-Connecting spring; 6-Protective cap; 61-Small diameter section; 62-Large diameter section; 63-Magnetic outer edge; 7-Pushing component; 71-First electric push rod; 72-Pushing block; 73-Pushing support rod; 8-Drive component; 81-First drive gear; 82-Second drive gear; 83-Driving gear; 84-Internal gear ring; 85-Drive motor; 86-First helical gear; 87-Second helical gear; 88-Third helical gear; 89-Rotating sleeve; 9-Synchronous pressing component; 91-Second electric push rod; 92-Pressing ring; 93-Pressing block; 931-Pressing ramp. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Please see Figures 1 to 5An inspection robot based on the Internet of Things includes an inspection robot body 1. The inspection robot body 1 in this application is an existing device, which integrates a 5G communication module and an edge computing unit, a walking wheel 11 installed at the bottom of the inspection robot body 1, the walking wheel 11 is driven by a servo motor and configured with encoder feedback, and foldable detection rods installed on both sides of the inspection robot body 1. The detection rods are existing spectral detection rods that integrate a CCD camera and an infrared sensor.

[0047] An automated wrench 12 is installed at the bottom of the inspection robot body 1. The inspection robot body 1 moves along the railway track by means of the walking wheels 11. The top of the inspection robot body 1 is equipped with a liftable Internet of Things antenna 13.

[0048] A fixed side frame 2 is also fixedly installed on one side of the inspection robot body 1. In actual use, there can be two fixed side frames 2, which are distributed on both sides of the outside of the inspection robot body 1. A collection box 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed side frame 2.

[0049] A support plate 4 is slidably connected to the fixed side frame 2, and a pusher 7 is also installed on the fixed side frame 2. The pusher 7 is used to push the support plate 4.

[0050] A bolt protection mechanism 5 is installed at the bottom of the support plate 4 and on the side close to the railway track. The bolt protection mechanism 5 has multiple protective caps 6 inside, which are used to protect the bolts. When the inspection robot body 1 is working, the Internet of Things module transmits bolt status data in real time. The automated wrench 12 and the bolt protection mechanism 5 work together in a preset sequence: removal of protective caps 6 → bolt inspection → maintenance operation → installation of new protective caps 6.

[0051] Please see Figures 4 to 6 The fixed side frame 2 is provided with a guide opening 21, and a guide shaft 22 slides through the guide opening 21. One end of the guide shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the support plate 4. In this application, the guide opening 21 is composed of a horizontal section, an inclined end and a vertical section. With this arrangement, the guide shaft 22 can move along the guide opening 21, and at the same time, the support plate 4 is limited and guided.

[0052] The pusher 7 includes a first electric push rod 71, a push block 72, and a push support rod 73. The first electric push rod 71 is fixedly installed inside the fixed side frame 2. The output end of the first electric push rod 71 is fixedly connected to the push block 72. There are two push support rods 73, which are distributed vertically at the push block 72. One end of each push support rod 73 is hinged to the push block 72 through a pin, and the other end of each push support rod 73 is rotatably connected to the support plate 4 through a pin.

[0053] Specific implementation process: In this application, when the inspection robot body 1 moves to the bolt position, the first electric push rod 71 runs, causing the push block 72 to drive the support plate 4 to move toward the bolt position through the two push rods 73, and at the same time as the support plate 4 moves, the bolt protection mechanism 5 moves synchronously toward the bolt position.

[0054] When the bolt protection mechanism 5 moves directly above the bolt to be inspected, the guide shaft 22 moves to the top of the vertical section. As the first electric push rod 71 continues to run, the guide shaft 22 moves vertically downward along the vertical section of the guide opening 21, thereby driving the support plate 4 and the bolt protection mechanism 5 to move vertically downward toward the bolt position.

[0055] Please see Figures 6 to 17 The bolt protection mechanism 5 includes a support base shell 51, a storage component 52, a material discharge guide component 53, and a clamping and pushing component 54. One end of the bottom of the support plate 4 is fixedly connected to the support base shell 51. The support base shell 51 is provided with a material discharge cavity 511 and a connecting cavity 512 inside. The bottom of the connecting cavity 512 is provided with a connecting opening 513.

[0056] The storage component 52 is located above the unloading cavity 511 and is used to store multiple protective caps 6. The protective cap 6 consists of a small diameter section 61, a large diameter section 62 and a magnetic outer edge 63. The small diameter section 61 is located on top of the large diameter section 62, and the magnetic outer edge 63 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the large diameter section 62. The magnetic outer edge 63 and the bottom of the large diameter section 62 are on the same horizontal plane. In this application, the protective caps 6 are stacked on each other, that is, the large diameter section 62 of the previous protective cap 6 is sleeved on the outside of the small diameter section 61 of the next protective cap 6. At the same time, in this application, the supporting bottom shell 51 and other components are made of non-magnetic materials. This shape is set according to the specific model of bolts and nuts.

[0057] The unloading guide 53 is located at the top of the unloading cavity 511, and the unloading guide 53 is used to unload the protective cap 6 in sequence.

[0058] The unloading guide 53 includes an unloading wheel 531 and a driving component 8. There are two unloading wheels 531, and each unloading wheel 531 is provided with an unloading spiral groove 5311. The top of the support base 51 is also provided with a receiving cavity 515. The driving component 8 is located in the receiving cavity 515 and is used to drive the two unloading wheels 531 synchronously so that the two unloading wheels 531 drive the protective cap 6 to unload into the unloading cavity 511 in sequence.

[0059] The storage component 52 includes a storage cylinder 521, a following plate 522, and a compression spring 523. Multiple compression springs 523 are provided. One end of each compression spring 523 is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the storage cylinder 521, and the other end of the compression spring 523 is fixedly connected to the following plate 522. The following plate 522 is slidably connected inside the storage cylinder 521. Multiple protective caps 6 are stacked sequentially inside the storage cylinder 521, and the openings of the protective caps 6 are facing downwards.

[0060] The top of the feeding cavity 511 is provided with a through hole 514, and an edge with external threads is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the through hole 514. The inner side of the bottom of the storage cylinder 521 is provided with an internal thread, and the storage cylinder 521 is connected to the edge by the internal thread. That is, in this application, the storage cylinder 521 and the support bottom shell 51 are detachably connected by a threaded connection, which facilitates the storage of the protective cap 6.

[0061] The follower plate 522 is located on top of the storage cylinder 521 and is used to push the stacked protective caps 6 to prevent the protective caps 6 from getting stuck in the storage cylinder 521 due to their light weight;

[0062] The clamping and pushing component 54 is disposed between the feeding cavity 511 and the connecting cavity 512.

[0063] As per the instruction manual, 9 to Figure 11 As further explained, the driving component 8 includes a first driving gear 81, a second driving gear 82, a drive gear 83, an internal gear ring 84, a drive motor 85, a first helical gear 86, a second helical gear 87, a third helical gear 88, and a rotating sleeve 89. The first driving gear 81 is fixedly mounted on one of the guide wheels 531, and the second driving gear 82 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating sleeve 89. The rotating sleeve 89 is rotatably connected inside the receiving cavity 515, and the internal gear ring 84 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the receiving cavity 515.

[0064] The inner gear ring 84 is meshed with the first drive gear 81 and the second drive gear 82. The drive motor 85 is fixedly installed in the receiving cavity 515, and the output end of the drive motor 85 is fixedly connected with the drive gear 83. The drive gear 83 is meshed with the inner gear ring 84.

[0065] The first helical gear 86 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating sleeve 89, and the first helical gear 86 is meshed with the second helical gear 87. The second helical gear 87 is rotatably connected inside the receiving cavity 515, and the second helical gear 87 is meshed with the third helical gear 88. The third helical gear 88 is fixedly installed on another guide wheel 531.

[0066] In this application, the guide spiral grooves 5311 on the two guide wheels 531 are arranged in opposite directions;

[0067] In this application, as the edge of the protective cap 6 moves downward along the inner wall of the feeding cylinder, the drive motor 85 runs, causing the drive gear 83 to drive the inner gear ring 84 to rotate. While the inner gear ring 84 rotates, on the one hand, the first drive gear 81 drives a guide wheel 531 to rotate, and on the other hand, the second drive gear 82 drives the rotating sleeve 89 to rotate. While the rotating sleeve 89 rotates, the first helical gear 86, the second helical gear 87 and the third helical gear 88 drive another guide wheel 531 to rotate, and the guide wheel 531 rotates in the opposite direction. At this time, the two guide wheels 531 drive the magnetic outer edge 63 of the bottom protective cap 6 to move downward through the guide spiral groove 5311 until the protective cap 6 falls into the feeding cavity 511.

[0068] Please see Figures 14 to 17 The clamping and pushing component 54 includes a moving ring 541, a moving block 542, a moving component 543, a clamping block 544, a connecting component 545, and a synchronous pressing component 9. The moving ring 541 is slidably connected between the feeding cavity 511 and the connecting cavity 512. There are two moving blocks 542, and both moving blocks 542 are fixedly installed on the outside of the moving ring 541. The moving component 543 is set on the supporting bottom shell 51, and the moving component 543 is used to synchronously drive the two moving blocks 542.

[0069] Multiple clamping blocks 544 are provided, and the multiple clamping blocks 544 are distributed around the inner side of the moving ring 541. The two ends of the connector 545 are connected to the clamping blocks 544 and the moving ring 541 respectively. The synchronous pressing member 9 is provided on the moving ring 541, and the synchronous pressing member 9 is used to synchronously press down and connect the multiple clamping blocks 544. At the same time, in this application, an extension plate is also fixedly installed on the top of the clamping block 544, and the extension plate is close to the top of the inside of the feeding cavity 511. Thus, the multiple extension plates at the multiple clamping blocks 544 form a surrounding shape with each other, which can further play the role of protecting and guiding the protective cap 6 when it falls.

[0070] The connector 545 includes a connecting rod 5451 and a connecting spring 5452. One end of the connecting rod 5451 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving ring 541. The clamping block 544 is provided with a connecting groove 5441 at the position corresponding to the connecting rod 5451. The two ends of the connecting spring 5452 are fixedly connected to the connecting groove 5441 and the connecting rod 5451, respectively.

[0071] The synchronous pressing component 9 includes a second electric push rod 91, a pressing ring 92, and a pressing block 93. The second electric push rod 91 is fixedly installed at the bottom end inside the moving ring 541. The output end of the second electric push rod 91 is fixedly connected to the pressing ring 92. Multiple pressing blocks 93 are provided, and multiple pressing blocks 93 are fixedly arranged around the outside of the pressing ring 92. The inner side of the bottom of the pressing block 93 is provided with a pressing inclined surface 931. The clamping block 544 is provided with a pushing inclined surface 5442 corresponding to the position of the pressing inclined surface 931. The pressing inclined surface 931 and the pushing inclined surface 5442 are slidably connected.

[0072] Specific implementation process: In this application, when the inspection robot body 1 moves to the bolt position, the support plate 4 drives the support bottom shell 51 to move to the bolt position. At the same time, the support bottom shell 51 is sleeved on the outside of the bolt through the connection opening 513. In this state, the moving ring 541 is located at the connection opening 513, and the moving ring 541 does not contain the protective cap 6 inside.

[0073] As the supporting base shell 51 moves down, multiple clamping blocks 544 are fitted onto the outside of the old protective cap 6. At this time, the second electric push rod 91 operates, driving multiple pressing blocks 93 to move through the pressing ring 92. The multiple pressing blocks 93 clamp the old protective cap 6 with each other. Then, the first electric push rod 71 retracts, thereby driving the old protective cap 6 to disengage from the bolt and placing the old protective cap 6 into the collection box 3.

[0074] Subsequently, the inspection robot inspects the bolts, and the automated wrench 12 maintains the bolts. After the bolts are maintained, the new protective cap 6 falls into the feeding chamber 511 and moves to the connecting opening 513 through multiple clamping blocks 544.

[0075] At this time, the support base 51 moves again above the bolt, and the support base 51 moves down, thereby putting the new protective cap 6 on the outside of the bolt, and the magnetic outer edge 63 at the bottom of the new protective cap 6 achieves a stable connection with the bolt.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] As per the instruction manual, 12 to Figure 13 Example 2 is a further supplementary description of Example 1. Specifically, the moving part 543 includes a moving lead screw 5431, a synchronous gear 5432, a gear chain 5433, and a synchronous motor 5434. There are two moving lead screws 5431, which are rotatably connected to the two sides of the bottom of the feeding cavity 511 and the connecting cavity 512. The moving block 542 is threaded onto the outside of the moving lead screw 5431.

[0078] The movable lead screw 5431 is fixedly connected to the synchronous gear 5432 at one end located outside the support base 51. The gear chain 5433 is driven between the two synchronous gears 5432. The synchronous motor 5434 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support base 51, and the output end of the synchronous motor 5434 is fixedly connected to one of the synchronous gears 5432.

[0079] Specific implementation process: When the moving ring 541 is driven, the synchronous motor 5434 runs, causing the two synchronous gears 5432 to rotate synchronously under the transmission action of the gear chain 5433, further causing the two moving screws 5431 to rotate synchronously. When the moving screws 5431 rotate, they provide driving force to the moving blocks 542. At this time, the two moving blocks 542 drive the moving ring 541 to move along the inside of the feeding cavity 511 and the connecting cavity 512.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0081] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An inspection robot based on the Internet of Things (IoT), comprising an inspection robot body (1), wheels (11) mounted on the bottom of the inspection robot body (1), foldable detection rods mounted on both sides of the inspection robot body (1), and an automated wrench (12) mounted on the bottom of the inspection robot body (1), wherein the inspection robot body (1) moves along a railway track via the wheels (11), and the inspection robot body (1) is provided with a liftable IoT antenna (13) on its top, characterized in that: A fixed side frame (2) is also fixedly installed on one side of the inspection robot body (1), and a collection box (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed side frame (2). A support plate (4) is slidably connected to the fixed side frame (2), and a pusher (7) is also installed on the fixed side frame (2). The pusher (7) is used to push the support plate (4). A bolt protection mechanism (5) is installed at the bottom of the support plate (4) and on the side close to the railway track. The bolt protection mechanism (5) has multiple protective caps (6) inside. The protective caps (6) are used to protect the bolts. When the inspection robot body (1) is working, the Internet of Things module transmits bolt status data in real time. The automated wrench (12) and the bolt protection mechanism (5) work together in a preset sequence: protective cap (6) removal → bolt inspection → maintenance operation → new protective cap (6) installation.

2. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed side frame (2) is provided with a guide opening (21), and a guide shaft (22) slides through the guide opening (21). One end of the guide shaft (22) is fixedly connected to the support plate (4).

3. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher (7) includes a first electric push rod (71), a push block (72) and a push support rod (73). The first electric push rod (71) is fixedly installed inside the fixed side frame (2). The output end of the first electric push rod (71) is fixedly connected to the push block (72). There are two push support rods (73). The two push support rods (73) are distributed vertically at the push block (72). One end of each of the two push support rods (73) is hinged to the push block (72) through a pin, and the other end of each of the two push support rods (73) is rotatably connected to the support plate (4) through a pin.

4. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt protection mechanism (5) includes a support base shell (51), a storage component (52), a material discharge guide component (53), and a clamping and pushing component (54). One end of the bottom of the support plate (4) is fixedly connected to the support base shell (51). The support base shell (51) is provided with a material discharge cavity (511) and a connecting cavity (512) inside. The bottom of the connecting cavity (512) is provided with a connecting opening (513). The storage device (52) is located above the unloading cavity (511) and is used to store multiple protective caps (6); The unloading guide (53) is located at the top of the unloading cavity (511) and is used to unload the protective cap (6) sequentially. The clamping and pushing member (54) is disposed between the feeding cavity (511) and the connecting cavity (512).

5. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4, characterized in that: The storage component (52) includes a storage cylinder (521), a following plate (522), and a compression spring (523). Multiple compression springs (523) are provided. One end of each compression spring (523) is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the storage cylinder (521), and the other end of the compression spring (523) is fixedly connected to the following plate (522). The following plate (522) is slidably connected inside the storage cylinder (521). Multiple protective caps (6) are stacked sequentially inside the storage cylinder (521), and the openings of the protective caps (6) face downwards. The top of the feeding cavity (511) is provided with a through hole (514), and an edge with external threads is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the through hole (514). The inner side of the bottom of the storage cylinder (521) is provided with an internal thread, and the storage cylinder (521) is threaded to the edge through the internal thread.

6. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective cap (6) consists of a small diameter section (61), a large diameter section (62) and a magnetic outer edge (63). The small diameter section (61) is located at the top of the large diameter section (62), and the magnetic outer edge (63) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the large diameter section (62). The magnetic outer edge (63) and the bottom of the large diameter section (62) are on the same horizontal plane.

7. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unloading and unloading component (53) includes an unloading wheel (531) and a driving component (8). There are two unloading wheels (531), and each unloading wheel (531) is provided with an unloading spiral groove (5311). The top of the support base shell (51) is also provided with a receiving cavity (515). The driving component (8) is located in the receiving cavity (515) and is used to drive the two unloading wheels (531) synchronously so that the two unloading wheels (531) drive the protective cap (6) to unload into the unloading cavity (511) in sequence.

8. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping and pushing component (54) includes a moving ring (541), a moving block (542), a moving component (543), a clamping block (544), a connecting component (545), and a synchronous pressing component (9). The moving ring (541) is slidably connected between the feeding cavity (511) and the connecting cavity (512). There are two moving blocks (542), and both moving blocks (542) are fixedly installed on the outside of the moving ring (541). The moving component (543) is set on the supporting bottom shell (51), and the moving component (543) is used to synchronously drive the two moving blocks (542). Multiple clamping blocks (544) are provided, and the multiple clamping blocks (544) are distributed around the inner side of the moving ring (541). The two ends of the connector (545) are connected to the clamping blocks (544) and the moving ring (541) respectively. The synchronous pressing member (9) is provided on the moving ring (541), and the synchronous pressing member (9) is used to synchronously press down and connect the multiple clamping blocks (544).

9. The inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connector (545) includes a connecting rod (5451) and a connecting spring (5452). One end of the connecting rod (5451) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving ring (541). The clamping block (544) is provided with a connecting groove (5441) at the position corresponding to the connecting rod (5451). The two ends of the connecting spring (5452) are fixedly connected to the connecting groove (5441) and the connecting rod (5451) respectively.

10. An inspection robot based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous pressing component (9) includes a second electric push rod (91), a pressing ring (92), and a pressing block (93). The second electric push rod (91) is fixedly installed at the bottom end inside the moving ring (541). The output end of the second electric push rod (91) is fixedly connected to the pressing ring (92). Multiple pressing blocks (93) are provided. Multiple pressing blocks (93) are fixed around the outside of the pressing ring (92). The inner side of the bottom of the pressing block (93) is provided with a pressing slope (931). The clamping block (544) is provided with a pushing slope (5442) corresponding to the position of the pressing slope (931). The pressing slope (931) and the pushing slope (5442) are slidably connected.

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