A dual-mode large-scale ship sail device and a hydraulic self-adaptive control system thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ship wind energy utilization, and discloses a dual-mode large-scale ship wind sail device and a hydraulic self-adaptive control system thereof. The dual-mode large-scale ship wind sail device comprises a base fixedly installed on a ship deck, a counterweight is rotationally connected in the base, and the base further comprises a wind sail main shaft, a wind sail main body, the wind sail main shaft is fixedly installed on the counterweight, the wind sail main body is arranged on the wind sail main shaft and rotates around the wind sail main shaft; the multiple groups of wind sail blades are driven by the hydraulic piston cylinder, a smooth cylinder is formed by being closed, auxiliary thrust is provided for the ship by utilizing the Magnus effect, the wind sail blades are unfolded in the shape of windmill blades, the planetary disc is accelerated to increase the speed, the generator is driven to efficiently generate power, the rotating cylinder wind sail and the wind power generation dual-mode self-adaptive switching are realized, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of wind energy is greatly improved, the fuel consumption and carbon emission are obviously reduced, and the energy-saving and emission-reducing effect of the ship is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine wind energy utilization technology, specifically to a dual-mode large marine sail device and its hydraulic adaptive control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the International Maritime Organization imposing increasingly stringent requirements on ship carbon emissions, wind-assisted propulsion technology has been widely applied in modern ships. Currently, the mainstream wind energy utilization devices mainly include two types: one is the Magnus effect-based rotary sail, which generates thrust perpendicular to the wind direction through the rotation of the cylinder to provide auxiliary power for the ship; the other is the traditional airfoil sail or vertical axis wind turbine, which is used to capture wind energy for power generation.

[0003] However, existing technologies have the following shortcomings: rotary sails can only provide auxiliary thrust when the ship is sailing, and cannot effectively utilize wind energy when anchored or sailing at low speeds; while independently installed wind power generation devices occupy deck space and have low equipment utilization. How to achieve comprehensive utilization of wind energy within limited deck space is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN112193394B discloses a device for comprehensively utilizing wind energy on a merchant ship, which uses a deformable sail to encircle multiple rotating columns into an approximately circular rotary sail. However, this solution requires multiple rotating columns to work together, has a complex structure, high manufacturing cost, and does not address the issues of force balance and adaptive control during the blade shape transformation process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a dual-mode large marine sail device and its hydraulic adaptive control system. By providing a dual-mode large marine sail device with simple structure, reliable form conversion and high wind energy utilization efficiency, it can provide auxiliary thrust to the ship in the rotary sail mode and capture wind energy for power generation in the wind power generation mode, thereby achieving efficient and comprehensive utilization of wind energy and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This invention provides the following technical solution: A dual-mode large marine sail device includes a base fixedly installed on the ship's deck, with a counterweight rotatably connected within the base. It also includes: a sail main shaft fixedly installed on the counterweight; a sail body mounted on the sail main shaft and rotating around it; a mode-switching mechanism mounted on the sail body for controlling the sail body to switch between closed and deployed states; a drive power generation unit mounted on the sail main shaft for converting wind energy captured when the sail body is deployed into electrical energy under wind power; and a sail raising and lowering mechanism mounted on the base for controlling the raising and lowering of the sail main shaft.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sail body includes a plurality of bearing seats spaced apart along the axial direction of the sail main shaft. The bearing seats are rotatably connected to the sail main shaft by self-aligning bearings. Multiple sets of cantilever arms are hinged to the side wall of each set of bearing seats, and the other ends of the multiple sets of cantilever arms in the same position are hinged together to sail blades.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of sail blades is six, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bearing seat. Each sail blade is long and narrow, and its cross-section is a streamlined arc surface.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the form switching mechanism includes multiple sets of hydraulic piston cylinders. The bottom ends of the multiple sets of hydraulic piston cylinders are all hinged to the side wall of the bearing seat. The telescopic ends of the hydraulic piston cylinders are hinged to the side wall of the sail blades. Each cantilever corresponds to one hydraulic piston cylinder. The telescopic movement of the hydraulic piston cylinders drives the sail blades to rotate around the hinge point between the cantilever and the bearing seat, thereby switching the sail body between closed and deployed states. When the six sail blades are closed, they form a circular cylinder. When the six sail blades are deployed, they resemble windmill blades.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive power generation unit includes a drive motor and a generator. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the sail. Two sets of drive motors are symmetrically arranged and fixed on both sides of the mounting base. Multiple sets of cantilever bottoms on the same bearing seat are fixedly connected to a reduction planetary disk. A first gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and the first gear is meshed with the reduction planetary disk.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the generator adopts a hollow shaft-mounted structure and includes a generator stator and a generator rotor. The generator stator is fixed on the main shaft of the sail, and the generator rotor is connected to the cantilever via an acceleration planetary disk. The input side of the acceleration planetary disk is fixed on the cantilever, and the generator rotor is sleeved on the outside of the generator stator and fixedly connected to the output side of the acceleration planetary disk.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sail launching and retracting mechanism includes a launching and retracting hydraulic rod hinged to the bottom of the base. The telescopic end of the launching and retracting hydraulic rod is hinged to the side wall of the counterweight. A blade status sensor is installed on the main shaft of the sail. Limiting parts for locking the counterweight are installed on both sides of the base, and the two sets of limiting parts are symmetrically arranged.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the limiting part includes a pin seat, a locking pin, and a self-driving hydraulic rod. Locking holes are provided on both sides of the base. The pin seat is fixed to the side wall of the base, the self-driving hydraulic rod is fixed to the side wall of the base, and the locking pin is fixed to the telescopic end of the self-driving hydraulic rod and inserted into the locking hole.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retractable hydraulic rod, the self-driving hydraulic rod, and the blade status sensor are self-coupled for safety protection via a controller. The self-coupled safety protection logic is as follows: When the blade status sensor detects that the sail blades are not fully closed, the controller prohibits the retraction and extension of the hydraulic rod. Before the hydraulic rods are extended or retracted, the controller first controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods to pull out the locking pins, thus disengaging them from the contact state with the side wall of the counterweight. When the retracting and extending hydraulic rods drive the main shaft of the sail to the target turning angle, the controller controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods to drive the locking pins to insert into the locking holes and abut against the side wall of the counterweight. If the locking pin fails to insert properly or is not inserted in the correct position, the controller will prevent subsequent actions of retracting or extending the hydraulic rod.

[0015] A hydraulic adaptive control system for a dual-mode large marine sail system includes: The hydraulic station provides a source of pressurized oil. Wind speed and direction sensors are used to obtain real-time wind speed and direction; Multiple sets of bidirectional hydraulic rods; The proportional pressure control valve assembly is used to regulate the working pressure of each group of bidirectional hydraulic rods; The control module adjusts the reference pressure of the hydraulic system in real time based on the wind speed and direction sensor signals and the generator power output signal. In the rotary sail mode, it controls the hydraulic system to switch to a high-pressure locked state. In the wind power generation mode, it sets the hydraulic system to a weak balance pressure state and dynamically adjusts the reference pressure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-mode large marine sail device and its hydraulic adaptive control system, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This dual-mode large marine sail device drives multiple sets of sail blades through a hydraulic piston cylinder. One mode can close to form a smooth cylinder, providing auxiliary thrust to the ship using the Magnus effect. The other mode can unfold into a windmill blade shape, driving a generator to generate electricity efficiently through an acceleration planetary disk. This achieves adaptive switching between the rotary sail and wind power generation modes, significantly improving the overall efficiency of wind energy utilization. It enables all-weather energy-saving operation for navigation propulsion and power generation while moored, significantly reducing fuel consumption and carbon emissions, and greatly improving the ship's energy conservation and emission reduction effects.

[0017] 2. This dual-mode large marine sail system can smoothly lower tall sails onto the deck by using hydraulic rods and counterweights in conjunction with the retraction and extension of hydraulic rods, thereby lowering the center of gravity and avoiding the risk of capsizing. Symmetrically arranged mechanical locking pins provide rigid fixation to prevent accidental rotation. Furthermore, after being lowered, technicians can perform maintenance directly on the ground without the need for working at heights, significantly reducing maintenance difficulty and safety risks, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0018] 3. This dual-mode large marine sail system adopts an independent and detachable design for key components such as cantilever and hydraulic piston cylinder, which facilitates quick replacement. The generator is ring-shaped and mounted on the outside of the main shaft, which significantly reduces the axial dimension. Combined with self-aligning bearings to compensate for the main shaft's flexural deformation, it ensures smooth operation. The overall structure is highly integrated, saving deck space. At the same time, through the cooperation of self-coupling safety protection, it greatly improves the system's reliability and energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating cylinder mode of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the closed structure of the sail blades of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating cylinder mode of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of region A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a first-person perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the power generation mode of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded sail blades of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a two-dimensional perspective schematic diagram of the power generation mode of the present invention. Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of region B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a partial first-view structural diagram of the sail blade of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial second-view structural diagram of the sail blade of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation of the generator and the accelerating planetary disk of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a side view of the generator and the accelerating planetary disk of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a top view schematic diagram of the installation of the generator and the accelerating planetary disk of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plane of the base and the retractable hydraulic rod of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation of the base and the retractable hydraulic rod of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a partial structural diagram of the pin holder of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plane of the drive motor and the planetary gear disk of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation of the drive motor and the planetary gear reducer of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a control logic block diagram for self-coupling safety protection. Figure 20 This is a block diagram of the hydraulic adaptive control system.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Counterweight; 21. Bearing housing; 22. Cantilever; 23. Sail blade; 3. Sail main shaft; 4. Hydraulic piston cylinder; 5. Drive motor; 51. Generator; 511. Generator stator; 512. Generator rotor; 52. Reduction planetary disk; 53. First gear; 54. Acceleration planetary disk; 55. Mounting base; 6. Retraction and extension hydraulic rod; 61. Pin seat; 62. Locking pin; 63. Self-driving hydraulic rod; 64. Locking hole; 65. Blade status sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-18A dual-mode large marine sail device includes a base 1 fixedly installed on the ship's deck, with a counterweight 2 rotatably connected inside the base 1. It also includes: a sail main shaft 3, fixedly installed on the counterweight 2, the sail main shaft 3 being a hollow shaft with an internal hollow channel for wiring; the sail main shaft 3 remaining fixed and not rotating during operation, serving only as a support structure; a sail body, mounted on the sail main shaft 3 and rotating around it; a mode switching mechanism, mounted on the sail body, used to control the sail body to switch between closed and deployed states; a drive power generation unit, mounted on the sail main shaft 3, used to convert wind energy captured when the sail body is deployed into electrical energy under wind power; and a sail raising and lowering mechanism, mounted on the base 1, used to control the raising and lowering operations of the sail main shaft 3.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-6 The sail body includes multiple bearing seats 21 spaced axially along the main shaft 3. The bearing seats 21 are rotatably connected to the main shaft 3 via self-aligning bearings. Multiple cantilever arms 22 are hinged to the sidewalls of each bearing seat 21. The self-aligning bearings are self-aligning roller bearings, which can compensate for installation errors and deflection of the main shaft 3, ensuring flexible movement of each cantilever arm 22. The other ends of the multiple cantilever arms 22 in the same location are hinged together to sail blades 23. There are six sail blades 23, evenly spaced circumferentially along the bearing seats 21. Each sail blade 23 is elongated, with a cross-section resembling the streamlined arc surface of an aircraft wing. The shape-changing mechanism includes multiple sets of liquid... The bottom ends of multiple hydraulic piston cylinders 4 are hinged to the side wall of the bearing seat 21, and the telescopic ends of the hydraulic piston cylinders 4 are hinged to the side wall of the sail blades 23. Each cantilever 22 corresponds to one hydraulic piston cylinder 4. The telescopic movement of the hydraulic piston cylinders 4 drives the sail blades 23 to rotate around the hinge point between the cantilever 22 and the bearing seat 21, allowing the sail body to switch between closed and deployed states. When closed, the six sail blades 23 form a cylindrical shape, and when deployed, they resemble windmill blades. The connecting pins of the cantilever 22, hydraulic piston cylinders 4, and bearing seat 21 are all modularly designed, allowing for independent disassembly and replacement, greatly reducing maintenance difficulty and cost. Figure 4 , Figure 11 , Figure 17 and Figure 18The drive power generation unit includes a drive motor 5 and a generator 51. A mounting base 55 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 3 of the sail. Two sets of drive motors 5 are symmetrically arranged and fixed on both sides of the mounting base 55 respectively. Multiple sets of cantilever 22 on the same bearing seat 21 are fixedly connected to the bottom of a reduction planetary disk 52. The output shaft of the drive motor 5 is fixedly connected to a first gear 53, which meshes with the reduction planetary disk 52. The reduction ratio between the reduction planetary disk 52 and the first gear 53 is 8:1, which achieves the best speed matching for the energy efficiency output of the drive motor 5, so that the cylindrical body obtains a speed matching the wind speed and produces the best Magnus effect.

[0025] With the above structure, when the ship needs auxiliary thrust during navigation, the hydraulic piston cylinder 4 retracts, driving the six sail blades 23 to rotate inward around the hinge point of the cantilever 22, so that the main body of the sail closes into an approximately complete cylindrical shape. Then, the drive motor 5 is started, and through the meshing transmission of the first gear 53 and the reduction planetary disk 52, each set of cantilever 22 and bearing seat 21 is driven to rotate around the main shaft of the sail 3, thereby driving the entire cylindrical sail body to rotate. According to the Magnus effect, the rotating cylinder generates a thrust perpendicular to the wind direction in the crosswind. The component of this thrust along the ship's navigation direction provides auxiliary power for the ship, thereby reducing the ship's fuel consumption and improving energy saving.

[0026] Reference Figure 8 , Figures 11-13 The generator 51 adopts a hollow shaft-mounted structure, which makes the generator 51 fit in a ring around the outside of the sail main shaft 3. This makes full use of the space around the sail main shaft 3, significantly reducing the axial dimension and making the overall structure more compact. It includes a generator stator 511 and a generator rotor 512. The generator stator 511 is fixed on the sail main shaft 3, and the generator rotor 512 is connected to the cantilever 22 via an acceleration planetary disk 54. The input side of the acceleration planetary disk 54 is fixed on the cantilever 22, and the generator rotor 512 is fitted on the outside of the generator stator 511 and fixedly connected to the output side of the acceleration planetary disk 54. The generator rotor 512 and the generator stator 511 are coaxially arranged, and there is an air gap between them. The acceleration planetary disk 54 increases the rotational speed by 20-25 times and then transmits it to the generator rotor 512, so that the generator 51 obtains a better input speed (1000-1500 rpm). When the generator rotor 512 rotates, it cuts the magnetic field lines, so that the generator stator 511 generates electrical energy.

[0027] With the above structure, when the ship needs to generate electricity while anchored or sailing, the hydraulic piston cylinder 4 extends and drives the six sail blades 23 to rotate outward around the hinge point of the cantilever 22, making the main body of the sail resemble a windmill blade. At this time, under the action of wind, the sail blades 23 drive the bearing seat 21 to rotate through the cantilever 22. This rotation is increased by 25 times through the acceleration planetary disk 54 and then transmitted to the generator rotor 512. The generator rotor 512 rotates and cuts the magnetic field lines, so that the generator stator 511 outputs electrical energy. After rectification and voltage stabilization, the energy is stored in the ship's onboard battery or directly supplied to the ship's power supply, thereby realizing the efficient and comprehensive utilization of wind energy and greatly improving the ship's energy saving and emission reduction effect.

[0028] Reference Figures 14-16 The sail launching and retracting mechanism includes a launching and retracting hydraulic rod 6 hinged to the bottom of the base 1. The telescopic end of the launching and retracting hydraulic rod 6 is hinged to the side wall of the counterweight 2. A blade status sensor 65 is installed on the main shaft 3 of the sail. The blade status sensor 65 is used to monitor the opening and closing state of the blades in real time. Limiting parts for locking the counterweight 2 are installed on both sides of the base 1, and the two sets of limiting parts are symmetrically arranged. The limiting part includes a pin seat 61, a locking pin 62, and a self-driving hydraulic rod 63. Locking holes 64 are opened on both sides of the base 1. The pin seat 61 is fixed to the side wall of the base 1, the self-driving hydraulic rod 63 is fixed to the side wall of the base 1, and the locking pin 62 is fixed to the telescopic end of the self-driving hydraulic rod 63 and inserted into the locking hole 64.

[0029] With the above structure, when maintenance or extreme weather is required, firstly, control the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to be completely pulled out. Then, control the retraction and extension hydraulic rods 6 to work, drive the counterweight 2 and the sail main shaft 3 to rotate smoothly around the hinge axis of the base 1, and lower the entire sail device onto the deck. Then, control the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to insert into the locking hole 64 and abut against the side wall of the counterweight 2. After confirming that the insertion is in place, the lowering operation is completed.

[0030] When the entire sail assembly needs to be erected, control the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to be fully pulled out. After confirming that they have been pulled out, control the retractable hydraulic rods 6 to move in the opposite direction. After reaching the erected position, control the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to be inserted into the locking holes 64 and abut against the side wall of the counterweight block 2. After confirming that they are inserted in place, the erection operation is completed.

[0031] In summary, when encountering extreme weather conditions, the tall sail can be lowered onto the deck, which greatly lowers the ship's center of gravity, avoiding the risk of capsizing due to the large wind-exposed area caused by the excessive height of the sail. Furthermore, the lowering operation prevents the sail shaft 3 and sail blades 23 from being subjected to excessive bending moments and shear forces under extremely strong winds, preventing the entire sail from breaking or permanently deforming, thus effectively protecting the entire sail. In addition, after the entire sail is lowered, technicians can directly inspect, repair, or replace it from the ground, significantly reducing maintenance difficulty and operational risks.

[0032] In addition, the counterweight 2 can effectively balance the gravitational torque of the sail device, significantly reduce the workload of the hydraulic rod 6, make the erection and lowering operations more labor-saving and stable, and improve the system reliability and service life.

[0033] Reference Figures 14-16 and Figure 19 The hydraulic rod 6, the self-driving hydraulic rod 63, and the blade status sensor 65 are connected to a controller to achieve self-coupling safety protection. The self-coupling safety protection logic is as follows: When the blade status sensor 65 detects that the sail blade 23 is not in a fully closed state, the controller prohibits the retraction and extension of the hydraulic rod 6. Before the hydraulic rod 6 is activated, the controller first controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to pull out the locking pin 62, so that it is no longer in contact with the side wall of the counterweight 2. Only after confirming that the locking pin 62 has been pulled out in place is the activation of the hydraulic rod 6 activated. When the hydraulic rods 6 drive the sail main shaft 3 to the target turning angle (standing or lying down), the controller controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to insert into the locking holes 64 and abut against the side wall of the counterweight block 2. If the locking pin 62 fails to be inserted properly or is not inserted in the correct position, the controller will prevent the subsequent movement of the hydraulic rod 6 and issue an alarm to prevent accidental rotation and safety accidents caused by unreliable locking.

[0034] Through the aforementioned self-coupling safety protection mechanism, using two sets of self-locking limiting structures, a rigid mechanical fixation with redundant variables is formed when the sail body is upright for operation or laid down for storage. This ensures the left-right force balance of the sail body in the upright or laid-down state, prevents structural damage caused by off-center loading, and improves the service life of the sail body and the reliability of the booster system.

[0035] Example 2: Reference Figures 1-20 To facilitate real-time adjustment of the hydraulic system's reference pressure, based on Embodiment 1, a dual-mode large marine sail device hydraulic adaptive control system is proposed, comprising: The hydraulic station provides a source of pressurized oil. Wind speed and direction sensors are used to obtain real-time wind speed and direction; Multiple sets of bidirectional hydraulic rods (i.e., hydraulic piston cylinder 4 in Example 1); The proportional pressure control valve assembly is used to regulate the working pressure of each group of bidirectional hydraulic rods; The control module adjusts the reference pressure of the hydraulic system in real time based on the wind speed and direction sensor signals and the power output signal of the generator 51. In the rotary sail mode, it controls the hydraulic system to switch to a high-pressure locked state. In the wind power generation mode, it sets the hydraulic system to a weak balance pressure state and dynamically adjusts the reference pressure.

[0036] In power generation mode, the controller sets the hydraulic system to a constant weak equilibrium pressure state, with the reference pressure set at 20% of the rated working pressure. This pressure value is independent of wind direction and wind speed and remains constant. Under this pressure setting: Under the action of wind pressure, the windward sail blades 23 can overcome hydraulic resistance and drive the corresponding hydraulic piston cylinder 4 to gradually extend until they reach the mechanical limit position, so that the sail blades 23 reach the maximum opening state, thereby maximizing the wind resistance and capturing the maximum wind energy. Under the action of wind pressure, the wind resistance drives the corresponding hydraulic piston cylinder 4 to gradually compress the sail blade 23 on the windward side, thereby reducing the blade opening and reducing the wind resistance on the windward side, thus reducing energy loss. The hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic piston cylinder 4 provides a continuous buffering effect, enabling the sail blades 23 to achieve smooth linear opening adjustment when the wind pressure changes, thus avoiding mechanical shock and fatigue damage. By utilizing the above settings and the difference in wind resistance between the windward and reverse blades, the maximum torque output is generated on the bearing housing 21, driving the generator 51 to generate electricity efficiently and improving the power generation efficiency of the generator 51; and by using constant weak balance pressure to achieve passive adaptive adjustment of the sail blades 23, the structure is simple, highly reliable, and can automatically adapt to various wind directions and wind speed changes.

[0037] Reference Figures 1-20 This invention specifically includes the following three working modes: Cyclone Sail Mode: When auxiliary thrust is needed during ship navigation, the controller controls the hydraulic station to retract the hydraulic piston cylinder 4, driving the six sail blades 23 to rotate inward around the hinge point of the cantilever 22, so that the sail body closes into an approximately complete cylindrical shape. The tip edge of each sail blade 23 covers the gap between adjacent blades, ensuring a smooth and continuous cylindrical surface and effectively reducing turbulent areas. When the blade status sensor 65 detects that the sail blades 23 are fully closed, the controller starts the drive motor 5, which drives each set of cantilever 22 and bearing seat 21 to rotate around the sail main shaft 3 through the meshing transmission of the first gear 53 and the reduction planetary disk 52, thereby driving the entire cylindrical sail body to rotate. According to the Magnus effect, the rotating cylinder generates thrust perpendicular to the wind direction in the crosswind. The component of this thrust along the ship's navigation direction provides auxiliary power for the ship. At this time, the controller adjusts the speed of the drive motor 5 according to the wind speed and direction sensor signal, so that the ratio of the linear velocity of the cylinder surface to the wind speed is controlled within the range of 2-4, thereby obtaining the optimal thrust.

[0038] Wind power generation mode: When the ship needs to generate electricity while anchored or sailing, the controller controls the hydraulic station to work, the hydraulic piston cylinder 4 extends, driving the six sail blades 23 to rotate outward around the hinge point of the cantilever 22, making the main body of the sail resemble windmill blades; after the blade status sensor 65 detects that the sail blades 23 are fully deployed, the controller activates the hydraulic adaptive control system, setting the hydraulic system to a weak balance pressure state, with the reference pressure set to 20% of the rated working pressure, so that each sail blade 23 automatically adjusts its opening under wind pressure: the blades on the windward side... Under the action of wind pressure, the sail blades overcome hydraulic resistance and open further. The blades on the windward side retract autonomously when the wind pressure decreases or reverses. The opening of the sail blades 23 is dynamically optimized through the pressure balance of the hydraulic piston cylinder 4. Under the action of wind force, the sail blades 23 drive the bearing seat 21 to rotate through the cantilever 22. This rotation increases the speed by 25 times through the acceleration planetary disk 54 and is then transmitted to the generator rotor 512. The generator rotor 512 rotates and cuts the magnetic field lines, so that the generator stator 511 outputs electrical energy. After rectification and voltage stabilization, the energy is stored in the ship's battery or directly supplies the ship's power.

[0039] In addition, in wind power generation mode, the controller dynamically adjusts the reference pressure of the hydraulic system based on the wind speed and direction sensor signals and the real-time power output of the generator 51, so that the angle of attack of the sail blade 23 is always kept within the optimal angle of attack range of ±5°, thereby improving the wind energy capture efficiency.

[0040] Sail deployment and retraction mode: When maintenance or extreme weather (such as typhoons) is required, the controller first controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to fully pull out the locking pins 62, releasing the lock on the counterweight 2. After confirming that the locking pins 62 have been pulled out, the controller controls the deployment and retraction hydraulic rods 6 to work. Under the balancing effect of the counterweight 2, the counterweight 2 and the sail main shaft 3 are driven to rotate smoothly around the hinge axis of the base 1, lowering the entire sail device onto the deck. After reaching the lowering position, the controller controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to insert the locking pins 62 into the locking holes 64 and abut against the side wall of the counterweight 2. After confirming that the insertion is in place, the lowering operation is completed.

[0041] When it is necessary to erect the sail, the controller first controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to be fully pulled out. After confirming that they have been pulled out, the controller controls the retractable hydraulic rods 6 to move in the opposite direction, and the sail is erected smoothly with the assistance of the counterweight 2. After reaching the erected position, the controller controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods 63 to drive the locking pins 62 to insert into the locking holes 64 and abut against the side wall of the counterweight 2. After confirming that they are inserted in place, the erection operation is completed.

[0042] In summary, the same sail system combines the functions of rotary sail propulsion and wind power generation, eliminating the need for two separate systems on the deck, significantly saving deck space and maximizing space utilization. It employs six sail blades 23 with a cross-section resembling the arc of an aircraft wing, forming a nearly circular cylinder when closed, with a smooth and continuous surface and a significant Magnus effect. When deployed, the windward area increases dramatically, resulting in strong wind-catching capabilities and effectively improving auxiliary thrust. Furthermore, it can continuously utilize wind energy to generate electricity while the ship is anchored, charging onboard batteries or supplying power to the ship, reducing fuel consumption for auxiliary engine power generation. During navigation, it can switch to power generation mode as needed, achieving efficient and comprehensive utilization of wind energy. This realizes all-weather comprehensive utilization of wind energy, enabling "propulsion during navigation and power generation when anchored," significantly improving the ship's energy conservation and emission reduction effects.

[0043] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mode large marine sail device, comprising a base (1) fixedly installed on the deck of a ship, wherein a counterweight (2) is rotatably connected within the base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The main shaft of the sail (3) is fixedly mounted on the counterweight (2). The main body of the sail is mounted on the main shaft (3) and rotates around the main shaft (3). A mode-switching mechanism, installed on the main body of the sail, is used to control the sail body to switch between a closed and an extended state. A drive power generation unit is installed on the main shaft (3) of the sail and is used to convert the wind energy captured when the main body of the sail is deployed into electrical energy under the action of wind. The sail raising and lowering mechanism is installed on the base (1) and is used to control the raising and lowering of the sail main shaft (3).

2. The dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the sail includes multiple bearing seats (21) spaced apart along the axial direction of the main shaft (3) of the sail. The bearing seats (21) are rotatably connected to the main shaft (3) of the sail by self-adjusting bearings. Multiple cantilever arms (22) are hinged to the side wall of each bearing seat (21). The other end of the multiple cantilever arms (22) in the same position is hinged to the sail blade (23).

3. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of sail blades (23) is six, and they are evenly distributed around the bearing seat (21). Each of the sail blades (23) is long and has a streamlined arc surface in cross-section.

4. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mode switching mechanism includes multiple sets of hydraulic piston cylinders (4). The bottom ends of the multiple sets of hydraulic piston cylinders (4) are all hinged to the side wall of the bearing seat (21). The telescopic ends of the hydraulic piston cylinders (4) are hinged to the side wall of the sail blades (23). Each cantilever (22) corresponds to one hydraulic piston cylinder (4). The telescopic movement of the hydraulic piston cylinders (4) drives the sail blades (23) to rotate around the hinge point between the cantilever (22) and the bearing seat (21), so that the main body of the sail switches between the closed and deployed states. When the six sail blades (23) are closed, they form a circular cylinder, and when the six sail blades (23) are unfolded, they resemble windmill blades.

5. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive power generation unit includes a drive motor (5) and a generator (51). A mounting base (55) is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the sail (3). Two sets of drive motors (5) are symmetrically arranged and fixed on both sides of the mounting base (55). Multiple sets of cantilever (22) on the same bearing seat (21) are fixedly connected to a reduction planetary disk (52). The output shaft of the drive motor (5) is fixedly connected to a first gear (53). The first gear (53) meshes with the reduction planetary disk (52).

6. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The generator (51) adopts a hollow shaft-mounted structure and includes a generator stator (511) and a generator rotor (512). The generator stator (511) is fixed on the main shaft of the sail (3), and the generator rotor (512) is connected to the cantilever (22) through an acceleration planetary disk (54). The input side of the accelerating planetary disk (54) is fixed on the cantilever (22), and the power generation rotor (512) is sleeved on the outside of the power generation stator (511) and fixedly connected to the output side of the accelerating planetary disk (54).

7. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sail launching and retracting mechanism includes a launching and retracting hydraulic rod (6) hinged to the bottom of the base (1). The telescopic end of the launching and retracting hydraulic rod (6) is hinged to the side wall of the counterweight (2). A blade status sensor (65) is installed on the main shaft (3) of the sail. Limiting parts for locking the counterweight (2) are installed on both sides of the base (1), and the two sets of limiting parts are arranged symmetrically.

8. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting part includes a pin seat (61), a locking pin (62), and a self-driving hydraulic rod (63). Locking holes (64) are provided on both sides of the base (1). The pin seat (61) is fixed on the side wall of the base (1). The self-driving hydraulic rod (63) is fixed on the side wall of the base (1). The locking pin (62) is fixed to the telescopic end of the self-driving hydraulic rod (63) and inserted into the locking hole (64).

9. A dual-mode large marine sail device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The retractable hydraulic rod (6), the self-driving hydraulic rod (63), and the blade status sensor (65) are self-coupled for safety protection through a controller. The self-coupled safety protection logic is as follows: When the blade status sensor (65) detects that the sail blade (23) is not in a fully closed state, the controller prohibits the hydraulic rod (6) from retracting or extending. Before the hydraulic rod (6) is activated, the controller first controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods (63) to drive the locking pin (62) to be pulled out and disengage from the side wall of the counterweight (2). When the hydraulic rod (6) drives the sail main shaft (3) to the target turning angle, the controller controls the two sets of self-driven hydraulic rods (63) to drive the locking pin (62) to insert into the locking hole (64) and abut against the side wall of the counterweight (2); If the locking pin (62) fails to be inserted properly or is not inserted in the correct position, the controller will prevent the subsequent actions of retracting or extending the hydraulic rod (6).

10. A hydraulic adaptive control system for a dual-mode large marine sail system, based on the dual-mode large marine sail system described in claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The hydraulic station provides a source of pressurized oil. Wind speed and direction sensors are used to obtain real-time wind speed and direction; Multiple sets of bidirectional hydraulic rods; The proportional pressure control valve assembly is used to regulate the working pressure of each group of bidirectional hydraulic rods; The control module adjusts the reference pressure of the hydraulic system in real time according to the wind speed and direction sensor signal and the power output signal of the generator (51). In the rotary sail mode, it controls the hydraulic system to switch to the high pressure lock state. In the wind power generation mode, it sets the hydraulic system to the weak balance pressure state and dynamically adjusts the reference pressure.

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