Mvr evaporation device for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal and water treatment method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of MVR evaporation device and water treatment method for fly ash aluminum ash disposal, including support frame, evaporator body is vertically fixed and arranged in the inside left position of support frame, gas-liquid separator is vertically fixed and arranged with coaxial lamination on the top of evaporator body, the whole bearing base of support frame is used in the application, the wastewater to be treated generated by fly ash aluminum ash is transported to the inside of evaporator body and is heated by forced circulation, the heat exchange tube is cleaned in real time by brush plate, the steam-liquid mixture is separated by cyclone separation and purified secondary steam, the secondary steam is compressed and heat exchanged to recover waste heat, condensed water is uniformly reused, high-salt concentrated liquid is discharged, the whole set of equipment is automatically linked and regulated by control cabinet, long-term anti-fouling of heat exchange tube can be realized, efficient steam-liquid separation, water resource and waste heat resource recovery, long-term stable continuous operation of the device is guaranteed, and the reduction, harmless treatment of fly ash, aluminum ash disposal wastewater is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of interdisciplinary technology of solid waste treatment and water treatment, specifically to an MVR evaporation device and water treatment method for the disposal of fly ash and aluminum ash. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash and aluminum ash, as industrial solid wastes, generate wastewater with high salt and impurity content during the disposal process. This type of wastewater, containing suspended impurities and scaling ions, has become a challenge for industrial wastewater treatment. Traditional MVR evaporation units have several technical drawbacks when applied to this type of wastewater treatment: First, fine particles of fly ash and aluminum ash in the wastewater easily form scale on the surface of the heat exchange tubes. Traditional units lack a real-time online cleaning structure, causing the heat exchange efficiency to drop sharply over time. Furthermore, manual disassembly and maintenance are costly and involve long downtimes. Second, traditional MVR evaporation units often use simple gravity separation for vapor-liquid separation, resulting in poor separation efficiency. Liquid droplets entrained in the secondary steam can easily damage the steam compressor and reduce waste heat recovery efficiency. Third, the layout of the core components is scattered, lacking a unified support framework for orderly planning. This results in a large footprint, lengthy piping connections, and high fluid resistance, leading to low operating efficiency. Fourth, liquid levels and pressures rely heavily on manual monitoring and control, lacking an automated control structure. This can easily lead to problems such as dry burning of heat exchange tubes and overpressure in the gas-liquid separator, resulting in poor operational stability. Additionally, the condensate recovery process is poorly designed, causing water waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an MVR evaporation device and water treatment method for the disposal of fly ash and aluminum ash, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the easy scaling of heat exchange tubes caused by the wastewater from the disposal of fly ash and aluminum ash, the poor effect of traditional vapor-liquid separation affecting equipment operation, the scattered layout of the device and low operating efficiency, the low degree of automation of the equipment and insufficient water resource recovery.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an MVR evaporation device for the disposal of fly ash and aluminum ash, comprising a support frame, an evaporator body vertically fixed on the left side of the support frame, a gas-liquid separator coaxially and vertically fixed above the top of the evaporator body, a gas-liquid mixture pipe connecting the top outlet of the evaporator body and the bottom inlet of the gas-liquid separator fixedly connected to the two, an annular reflux channel for the separated liquid phase to flow back to the evaporator body by gravity at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator, a spiral blade cyclone separation plate disposed in the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator, the cyclone separation plate having a spiral blade structure, the gas-liquid mixture forming a tangential cyclone when flowing through the plate and achieving two-phase separation by centrifugal force, the right side of the support frame... A steam compressor is horizontally fixed next to a vertical column. A secondary steam pipe is fixedly connected between the side steam outlet of the gas-liquid separator and the feed end of the steam compressor. A plate heat exchanger is vertically stacked and fixed directly below the discharge end of the steam compressor. The plate heat exchanger is only used for high-temperature secondary steam condensation heat exchange. A condensate tank, which only collects and temporarily stores condensate and does not participate in heat exchange, is fixedly attached to the bottom of the plate heat exchanger. A forced circulation pump is horizontally fixed next to the evaporator body on the left side of the outer side of the support frame. A forced circulation pipe is fixedly connected between the inlet and outlet of the forced circulation pump and the side inlet and outlet of the evaporator body. A condensate pipe is fixedly connected between the condensate outlet of the plate heat exchanger and the condensate inlet of the condensate tank.

[0005] Furthermore, a heat exchange tube shaft plate is horizontally fixed inside the evaporator body near the top position, and a tube plate is horizontally fixed inside the evaporator body near the bottom position. The tube plate and the heat exchange tube shaft plate are arranged parallel to each other vertically. No less than ten heat exchange tubes are vertically inserted and fixed between the tube plate and the heat exchange tube shaft plate. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively sealed and fixed to the tube plate and the heat exchange tube shaft plate.

[0006] Furthermore, a transmission shaft is rotatably connected inside the evaporator body. The transmission shaft passes through the heat exchange tube shaft plate and is fixedly connected. A brush plate is fixedly provided on the outer circumference of the transmission shaft. An elastic compression compensation structure is configured at the root of the brush plate. The brush plate is made of wear-resistant elastic material. Relying on the elastic structure, it continuously adheres tightly to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube. After wear, it automatically compensates for the contact gap. The transmission shaft can be frequency-adjusted to adjust the rotation speed to adapt to wastewater with different impurity concentrations. The brush plate is located inside the evaporator body and is tightly fitted to the tube wall of the heat exchange tube. A motor is fixedly provided on the outer side of the evaporator body away from the forced circulation pump. The output end of the motor is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, a feed pump is fixedly installed at the outer left front corner of the support frame. The feed pump is located directly in front of the forced circulation pump. A raw material feed pipe connecting the discharge end of the feed pump and the feed inlet in the middle of the outer wall of the evaporator body is fixedly installed between the two. A discharge pump is fixedly installed at the outer right rear corner of the support frame. A discharge pipe connecting the feed end of the discharge pump and the discharge outlet at the bottom of the outer wall of the evaporator body is fixedly installed between the two.

[0008] Furthermore, a level gauge condensate tank is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the evaporator body condensate tank. The level gauge condensate tank is internally connected to the evaporator body condensate tank, and its detection end extends into the evaporator body condensate tank. A pressure gauge condensate tank is fixed on the upper part of the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator condensate tank. The pressure gauge condensate tank is internally connected to the gas-liquid separator condensate tank, and its detection end extends into the gas-liquid separator condensate tank. A control cabinet condensate tank is fixed on the vertical column at the outer left front corner of the support frame condensate tank. The control cabinet condensate tank is located directly above and close to the feed pump condensate tank.

[0009] Furthermore, a connecting flange condensate tank is installed between the evaporator body condensate tank and the gas-liquid separator condensate tank. The end of the condensate pipe condensate tank away from the plate heat exchanger condensate tank extends to the outside of the support frame condensate tank and is connected to the external condensate recycling structure.

[0010] A water treatment method based on the MVR evaporation device for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal includes the following steps: S1. Quantitative feeding of raw materials: Start the feed pump at the front left corner of the support frame to pump the water to be treated after the fly ash and aluminum ash treatment into the evaporator body through the raw material feed pipe. The liquid level in the evaporator body is monitored in real time by the liquid level gauge installed vertically on the outer wall of the evaporator body. The preset liquid level range is 70% to 90% of the total height of the heat exchange tubes to avoid the problem of dry burning of the heat exchange tubes or insufficient evaporation space. When the liquid level reaches the preset immersion height of the heat exchange tubes inside the evaporator body, the feed pump is immediately shut off to complete the quantitative feeding of the water to be treated and avoid the dry burning of the heat exchange tubes.

[0011] S2. Forced Circulation Heating and Heat Exchanger Tube Cleaning: Start the forced circulation pump next to the evaporator body. The water to be treated forms a closed circulation between the forced circulation pump and the evaporator body through the forced circulation pipe. This allows the water to continuously flow outside the heat exchanger tubes inside the evaporator body and exchange heat with the heat exchanger tubes. At the same time, start the motor outside the evaporator body. The motor drives the conveyor shaft to rotate around its own axis. The conveyor shaft drives the brush plate with elastic compensation structure to rotate synchronously. It continuously scrapes off fly ash and aluminum ash scale from the tube wall, automatically compensating for the gaps caused by brush plate wear. The brush plate rotates synchronously and wipes the tube wall of the heat exchanger tube in real time, cleaning the fly ash, aluminum ash scale and impurities attached to the tube wall, ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger tube. After continuous heating, the water to be treated produces a vapor-liquid mixture.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S3. High-efficiency vapor-liquid separation and pressure monitoring: The vapor-liquid mixture generated in the evaporator body enters the gas-liquid separator through the vapor-liquid mixture pipeline under pressure. The vapor-liquid mixture impacts the swirl separation plate in the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator. The vapor-liquid mixture rotates tangentially along the blades of the swirl separation plate, and the vapor-liquid stratification is completed by centrifugal force. The swirling action of the swirl separation plate achieves high-efficiency separation of the gas and liquid phases. The separated liquid phase flows back to the evaporator body through the annular return channel at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator by gravity. The separated liquid phase flows back down to the evaporator body along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator to continue participating in the closed-loop heating. The separated gas phase forms secondary steam in the upper chamber of the gas-liquid separator. At the same time, the pressure value inside the gas-liquid separator is monitored in real time by a pressure gauge located on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator. The evaporation pressure is set in a negative pressure range to prevent the secondary steam from carrying a large number of liquid droplets and to ensure stable evaporation efficiency, keeping the pressure stably controlled within the preset evaporation pressure range.

[0013] S4. Secondary Steam Compression and Waste Heat Recovery: The secondary steam at the top of the gas-liquid separator enters the feed end of the steam compressor through the secondary steam pipeline. The steam compressor compresses the secondary steam, increasing its temperature and pressure. The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure secondary steam enters the plate heat exchanger directly below it from the discharge end of the steam compressor. The condensate tank only collects the liquid water generated by the condensation of the plate heat exchanger and does not introduce high-temperature steam to participate in heat exchange. The steam only completes condensation and heat release inside the plate heat exchanger, and the heat energy released by the secondary steam is absorbed by the medium inside the plate heat exchanger.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S5. Condensate Recovery and Concentrate Discharge: The condensate formed after the secondary steam undergoes condensation and heat exchange flows out from the bottom of the plate heat exchanger, is introduced into the condensate tank for temporary storage through the condensate pipeline, and is finally transported to the condensate recycling system outside the support frame to realize the recycling and reuse of condensate. The water to be treated in the evaporator body undergoes multiple closed-loop heating and vapor-liquid separation to form a high-concentration concentrate containing fly ash and aluminum ash impurities. The concentration of the concentrate is set within a reasonable range to balance the wastewater reduction effect and the slurry transport flowability. When the concentration of the concentrate reaches the preset discharge concentration, the discharge pump at the right rear corner of the support frame is started, and the concentrate is pumped out from the bottom of the evaporator body through the discharge pipeline and transported to the external salt residue collection device for subsequent solid-liquid separation treatment.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps: S6. Unit Interlocking Control: Throughout the water treatment process from S1 to S5, the operating parameters of the motor, steam compressor, forced circulation pump, feed pump, and discharge pump are centrally controlled through the control cabinet located at the front left corner of the support frame. The control cabinet receives liquid level monitoring data from the level gauge and pressure monitoring data from the pressure gauge. When the liquid level or pressure exceeds the preset range, the operating speed of each pump, compressor, and motor is automatically adjusted to achieve automated interlocking control of the unit, ensuring the stable and continuous operation of the MVR evaporation unit for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate the brush plate synchronously. The brush plate can closely adhere to the heat exchange tube wall and scrape off fly ash, aluminum ash and scale impurities attached to the tube wall in real time. This avoids the defect of heat exchange efficiency reduction caused by scaling from the root cause. There is no need to frequently stop the machine to disassemble and clean the equipment, which greatly reduces the operation and maintenance costs. The mechanical rotation structure enables continuous online cleaning of the heat exchange tube, which can keep the heat exchange surface clean for a long time and stably maintain the heat exchange efficiency of the device. 2. By configuring a cyclone separation plate inside the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid mixture generates centrifugal swirl after flowing through the cyclone separation plate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid phase adheres to the cylinder wall and flows back to the evaporator body. The separated high-purity secondary steam is delivered to the steam compressor. Compared with the traditional gravity separation method, this solution has a better gas-liquid separation effect, which can prevent liquid droplets from entering the compressor and causing equipment damage, and simultaneously improve the secondary steam waste heat recovery and utilization rate. 3. The entire machine is supported by a frame as a unified load-bearing base. The evaporator body and gas-liquid separator are arranged inside the frame on the left side, while the steam compressor, plate heat exchanger, and condensate tank are arranged outside the frame on the right side. The plate heat exchanger and condensate tank are stacked vertically, and the supporting pipelines are connected in short distances. This optimizes the overall layout of the machine, improves the shortcomings of traditional equipment's scattered layout and long pipelines, effectively reduces the equipment's footprint, reduces fluid pipeline resistance, and improves the overall operating efficiency of the unit. 4. By linking the control cabinet with the level gauge, pressure gauge, and various pumps and compressors, the liquid level and pressure data are collected in real time and the operating conditions of the equipment are automatically adjusted. This avoids operational risks such as dry burning of heat exchange tubes and overpressure of gas-liquid separators, eliminates the defects of insufficient precision in manual control, and ensures long-term continuous and stable operation of the device. The condensate produced by the plate heat exchanger is transported to the external recycling system through the condensate pipeline, realizing the recycling of water resources and making it more energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front-view perspective view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a rear-view perspective view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a left-side stereoscopic view of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a right-side stereoscopic view of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural illustration of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Evaporator body; 3. Heat exchanger tube shaft plate; 4. Brush plate; 5. Tube sheet; 6. Heat exchanger tube; 7. Conveyor shaft; 8. Motor; 9. Gas-liquid separator; 10. Cyclone separator plate; 11. Steam compressor; 12. Plate heat exchanger; 13. Condensate tank; 14. Forced circulation pump; 15. Feed pump; 16. Control cabinet; 17. Level gauge; 18. Raw material feed pipe; 19. Forced circulation pipeline; 20. Condensate pipeline; 21. Secondary steam pipeline; 22. Discharge pipeline; 23. Pressure gauge; 24. Discharge pump; 25. Connecting flange; 26. Gas-liquid mixture pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-7This invention provides an MVR evaporation device and water treatment method for the disposal of fly ash and aluminum ash. The device includes a support frame 1, with an evaporator body 2 vertically fixed to the left side of the support frame 1. A gas-liquid separator 9 is coaxially and vertically fixed above the top of the evaporator body 2. A gas-liquid mixture pipe 26 connecting the top outlet of the evaporator body 2 and the bottom inlet of the gas-liquid separator 9 is fixedly provided. An annular reflux channel is provided at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 9 for the separated liquid phase to flow back to the evaporator body 2 by gravity. A spiral blade-type cyclone separation plate 10 is provided in the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator 9. The cyclone separation plate 10 has a spiral blade structure, with the blades tilted at an angle of 15°-45° and a plate diameter 0.6-0.8 mm from the inner diameter of the gas-liquid separator. The blade spacing is 30-80mm. An annular reflux channel is opened at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 9, connecting to the inner cavity of the evaporator body 2. The separated liquid phase can flow back to the evaporator by gravity along the channel, eliminating the need for a separate reflux pipeline. A steam compressor 11 is horizontally fixed next to the vertical column on the right side of the outer side of the support frame 1. A secondary steam pipe 21 connecting the side steam outlet of the gas-liquid separator 9 and the feed end of the steam compressor 11 is fixedly connected between them. A plate heat exchanger 12 is vertically stacked and fixedly installed directly below the discharge end of the steam compressor 11. A condensate tank 13 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the plate heat exchanger 12. A forced circulation pump 14 is horizontally fixed next to the evaporator body 2 on the left side of the outer side of the support frame 1. A forced circulation pipe 19 connecting the inlet and outlet of the forced circulation pump 14 and the side inlet and outlet of the evaporator body 2 is fixedly connected between them. A condensate pipe 20 connecting the condensate outlet of the plate heat exchanger 12 and the condensate inlet of the condensate tank 13 is fixedly connected between them. The bottom of the gas-liquid separator 9... A ring-shaped reflux channel is established, connecting to the inner cavity of the evaporator body 2, to achieve gravity-flow reflux of the separated liquid phase. Specifically: the evaporator body 2 is vertically fixed to the left side of the support frame 1 as the overall support base, and the gas-liquid separator 9 is coaxially attached to the top of the evaporator body 2. The two are connected through the gas-liquid mixture pipe 26 to achieve the flow of the gas-liquid mixture. The cyclone separator 10 is horizontally fixed to the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator 9 to achieve gas-liquid separation. The steam compressor 11 is horizontally fixed to the right side of the support frame 1, next to the column, and is connected to the gas-liquid separator 9 through the secondary steam pipe 21 to achieve the compression of secondary steam. The plate heat exchanger 12 is vertically stacked directly below the discharge end of the steam compressor 11, and the condensate tank 13 is attached to the bottom of the plate heat exchanger 12. The two are connected through the condensate pipe 20 to achieve the collection of condensate. The forced circulation pump 14 is horizontally fixed to the side of the evaporator body 2 and is connected to the upper and lower feed ports on the side of the evaporator body 2 through the forced circulation pipe 19 to achieve closed-loop circulation of the liquid. By achieving orderly planning of each component, reducing floor space and fluid resistance, a core process framework for MVR evaporation of wastewater from the treatment of aluminum ash and ash is established, providing a stable hardware foundation for the subsequent expansion of functional structures and implementation of methods.

[0021] A heat exchange tube shaft plate 3 is horizontally fixed near the top of the evaporator body 2, and a tube sheet 5 is horizontally fixed near the bottom of the evaporator body 2. The tube sheet 5 and the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3 are arranged parallel to each other vertically. At least 10 heat exchange tubes 6 are vertically fixed between the tube sheet 5 and the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3. The number of heat exchange tubes ranges from 10 to 200. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes 6 are sealed and fixed to the tube sheet 5 and the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3, respectively. Specifically, the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3 and the tube sheet 5 are horizontally fixed near the top and bottom of the evaporator body 2, respectively. They are parallel to each other vertically. Several heat exchange tubes 6 are vertically fixed and sealed between the tube sheet 5 and the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3 to form a closed heat exchange chamber. When the liquid flows outside the heat exchange tubes 6, it exchanges heat with the medium inside the tubes.

[0022] An internal rotatable transmission shaft 7 is connected to the evaporator body 2. The transmission shaft 7 passes through and is fixedly connected to the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3. A brush plate 4 is fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the transmission shaft 7. The brush plate 4 is made of wear-resistant elastic polyurethane material. Each brush plate is equipped with a spring compression compensation structure at its root. The spring pre-compression is 2-8mm. After long-term wear, the spring automatically pushes the brush plate outward, maintaining a tight fit with the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 6. The operating speed range of the transmission shaft 7 is 5-30r / min. The control cabinet can adjust the speed according to the concentration of impurities in the wastewater using frequency conversion. The higher the impurity concentration, the higher the speed. The brush plate 4 is located inside the evaporator body 2 and is tightly fitted with the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 6. A motor 8 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the evaporator body 2 away from the forced circulation pump 14. The output end of the motor 8 is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft 7. Specifically, the transmission shaft 7 is rotatably connected inside the evaporator body 2 and passes through the heat exchange tube shaft plate 3 and is fixed thereto to ensure coaxial stability during rotation. The motor 8 is fixed on the outer side of the evaporator body 2 away from the forced circulation pump 14, and its output end is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft 7 to drive the transmission shaft 7 to rotate around its own axis. The brush plate 4 is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the transmission shaft 7 and is in close contact with the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 6. It rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 7 to achieve real-time wiping of the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 6.

[0023] A feed pump 15 is fixedly installed at the outer left front corner of the support frame 1. The feed pump 15 is located directly in front of the forced circulation pump 14. A raw material feed pipe 18 is fixedly installed between the discharge end of the feed pump 15 and the feed inlet in the middle of the outer wall of the evaporator body 2, connecting the two. A discharge pump 24 is fixedly installed at the outer right rear corner of the support frame 1. A discharge pipe 22 is fixedly installed between the feed end of the discharge pump 24 and the discharge outlet at the bottom of the outer wall of the evaporator body 2, connecting the two. Specifically: the feed pump 15 is fixed at the outer left front corner of the support frame 1 and located directly in front of the forced circulation pump 14. It pumps the water to be treated after the fly ash and aluminum ash treatment into the feed inlet in the middle of the outer wall of the evaporator body 2 through the raw material feed pipe 18 to achieve quantitative delivery of the liquid. The discharge pump 24 is fixed at the outer right rear corner of the support frame 1. It pumps the high-concentration concentrate at the bottom of the outer wall of the evaporator body 2 through the discharge pipe 22 to achieve efficient discharge of the concentrate.

[0024] A level gauge 17 is vertically fixed on the outer side wall of the evaporator body 2. The level gauge 17 is connected to the interior of the evaporator body 2 and its detection end extends into the interior of the evaporator body 2. A pressure gauge 23 is fixed on the upper part of the outer side wall of the gas-liquid separator 9. The pressure gauge 23 is connected to the interior of the gas-liquid separator 9 and its detection end extends into the interior of the gas-liquid separator 9. A control cabinet 16 is fixed on the vertical column at the left front corner of the outer side of the support frame 1. The control cabinet 16 is located directly above the feed pump 15 and close to the feed pump 15. Specifically: the level gauge 17 is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the evaporator body 2 and connected to the interior, with its detection end extending into the interior of the evaporator body 2 to monitor the liquid level in real time; the pressure gauge 23 is fixed to the upper part of the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator 9 and connected to the interior, with its detection end extending into the interior of the gas-liquid separator 9 to monitor the internal steam pressure in real time; the control cabinet 16 is fixed to the vertical column at the left front corner of the outer side of the support frame 1 and located directly above the feed pump 15, and is electrically connected to all electrical components of the device to achieve centralized control.

[0025] A connecting flange 25 is installed between the evaporator body 2 and the gas-liquid separator 9. The end of the condensate pipe 20 away from the plate heat exchanger 12 extends to the outside of the support frame 1 and is connected to the external condensate recycling structure. Specifically, the connecting flange 25 is installed at the connection between the evaporator body 2 and the gas-liquid separator 9 to achieve a sealed and fixed connection between the two, ensuring the sealing of the gas-liquid mixture during its flow. The end of the condensate pipe 20 away from the plate heat exchanger 12 extends to the outside of the support frame 1 and is connected to the external condensate recycling structure, transporting the condensate collected in the condensate tank 13 to the outside for resource utilization.

[0026] Example 1: Standard Treatment Example of Aluminum Ash Washing Wastewater This embodiment uses the MVR evaporation device of the present invention to treat high-salt wastewater generated from aluminum ash washing. The basic indicators of the wastewater are: salt content of 8% by mass, suspended aluminum ash particles of 2000 mg / L, and easy to generate aluminum hydroxide scale. The device hardware configuration includes: 60 heat exchange tubes inside the evaporator; a spiral blade cyclone separator with a blade inclination angle of 30°, a plate diameter 0.7 times the separator's inner diameter, and a blade spacing of 50mm; an annular reflux channel at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator connects to the evaporator's inner cavity; polyurethane elastic brush plates are mounted on the outer periphery of the conveyor shaft, with a spring compression compensation structure at the root of each brush plate, a spring pre-compression of 5mm, and a rated operating speed of 15r / min for the conveyor shaft; Operating control parameters: S1 quantitative feeding: The liquid level gauge controls the immersion height of the heat exchange tube to 80% of the total height of the heat exchange tube. When the liquid level reaches the set value, the feed pump is automatically shut off to prevent the heat exchange tube from dry burning. S2 Circulation Cleaning: The forced circulation pump runs continuously to form a closed loop. The motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate at a constant speed. The brush plate is continuously pressed against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube by the spring, scraping off the aluminum ash scale on the tube wall in real time. After 72 hours of continuous and stable operation, the machine is stopped for testing. There is no obvious hard scale layer on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange attenuation rate is less than 3%. S3 Vapor-Liquid Separator: The control cabinet linkage pressure gauge stabilizes the internal evaporation pressure of the vapor-liquid separator at -50kPa gauge pressure; the vapor-liquid mixture impacts the swirling separation plate upwards, and the inclined spiral blades generate tangential swirling flow. Under the action of centrifugal force, the droplets adhere to the cylinder wall, and the liquid phase falls along the cylinder wall and flows back to the evaporator by gravity through the bottom annular return channel. No additional return pipeline is required, and the secondary steam droplet entrainment rate is less than 0.1%, effectively protecting the steam compressor; S4 Waste Heat Recovery: The high-temperature and high-pressure secondary steam after compression is only introduced into the plate heat exchanger 12 to complete condensation heat exchange. The condensate flows out from the bottom of the plate heat exchanger by gravity and flows into the condensate tank 13 for collection and temporary storage through the condensate pipe. The condensate tank only stores condensate and does not participate in steam heat exchange. The waste heat recovery utilization rate can reach 92%. S5 Concentrated Discharge: The device continuously circulates and evaporates. When the solid content of the concentrated liquid reaches the preset 22wt%, the control cabinet automatically starts the discharge pump to discharge the concentrated liquid and transport it to the external filter press to complete the solid-liquid separation of the salt residue. S6 linkage control: When any parameter such as liquid level or pressure deviates from the preset range, the control cabinet automatically adjusts the operating speed of the motor, compressor, and each pump. The entire device can operate stably and continuously without human intervention for 72 hours.

[0027] Example 2: Enhanced Treatment of Leachate from Waste Incineration Fly Ash This embodiment treats stabilized leachate from waste incineration fly ash. The basic wastewater indicators are: salt content of 12% by mass, suspended impurities of fly ash of 3500 mg / L, high content of calcium and silicon scale ions, which are very easy to adhere to the heat exchange tube wall quickly. The hardware configuration of the device is the same as in Example 1, but it relies on frequency conversion to match the high impurity working conditions: the operating speed of the transmission shaft is increased to 22 r / min, the brush wiping frequency is increased, and the spring compensation structure continuously offsets the brush wear gap. Operating control parameters: S1 quantitative feeding: The preset immersion level of the heat exchange tube is 75% of the total height of the heat exchange tube, which reduces the liquid level in the evaporation chamber and increases the steam separation space; S2 Circulation Cleaning: High-frequency wiping of the brush plate under high impurity conditions, continuous operation for 120 days without stopping to disassemble and clean the heat exchange tubes, with no large-area scaling and blockage. S3 vapor-liquid separation: The evaporation pressure is stably controlled at -65kPa gauge pressure, enhancing the centrifugal separation effect of cyclone separation, and the purity of the secondary steam meets the compressor intake requirements; S4 Waste Heat Recovery: All high-temperature secondary steam is condensed and released heat inside the plate heat exchanger, and all condensate is collected in the condensate tank and then transported to the reuse system, achieving a 100% water resource reuse rate; S5 Concentrated Discharge: Set the solid content of the discharged concentrate to 30wt%. When the concentration threshold is reached, the concentrate will be discharged intermittently and automatically to avoid clogging of the pipeline with high concentration slurry. S6 Linkage Control: When the heat exchange efficiency decreases due to the increase in impurity concentration, the control cabinet automatically and synchronously increases the speed of the brush motor and the load of the steam compressor to achieve adaptive adjustment.

[0028] Example 3: Wide Parameter Range Limit Verification Example This embodiment verifies the adaptability of the device of the present invention within all parameter ranges specified in the manual, and tests are conducted on liquid level, pressure, concentration, cyclone plate size, and extreme operating conditions within the brush plate compensation range: Liquid level range verification: Under two operating conditions, with the heat exchange tubes submerged at 70% and 90% liquid levels, the device did not experience dry burning or excessive liquid carryover. Evaporation pressure range verification: Effective vapor-liquid separation can be achieved by controlling the evaporation pressure to -80kPa and -20kPa, the blade angle of the cyclone separator plate to be 15° and 45°, the plate diameter to be 0.6 times and 0.8 times the separator inner diameter, and the blade spacing to be 30mm and 80mm respectively. Concentration verification of concentrated output: The solid content of the output is 15wt% and 35wt%. The low concentration meets the volume reduction requirements, while the high concentration slurry can be transported normally without pipe blockage by a forced circulation pump. Brush plate wear compensation verification: Within the spring pre-compression range of 2mm and 8mm, the spring automatically compensates for the gap after the brush plate wears, always maintaining a tight fit with the heat exchange tube wall; the conveyor shaft speed is steplessly adjustable from 5-30r / min, suitable for low and high impurity wastewater; Heat exchange tube quantity compatibility: The evaporator is equipped with 10 or 200 heat exchange tubes, and the online brush plate cleaning structure can fully cover and wipe all the heat exchange tube walls. Liquid phase reflux verification: The bottom annular reflux channel of the gas-liquid separator can achieve liquid phase gravity reflux in the entire pressure range, and there is no problem of liquid accumulation or backflow. Heat exchanger differentiation verification: Only plate heat exchanger 12 undertakes the function of steam condensation heat exchange throughout the entire process, and condensate tank 13 only stores water, with no steam entering the condensate tank.

[0029] As can be seen from the above-mentioned extreme tests under all operating conditions, the structure of the device of the present invention and all parameter ranges are adaptable; those skilled in the art can configure and operate it in accordance with the hardware structure and operating parameters disclosed in this specification, and can stably achieve the various technical objectives of heat exchange tube anti-fouling, efficient cyclone vapor-liquid separation, and fully automatic continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0030] A water treatment method based on an MVR evaporation device for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal includes the following steps: S1. Quantitative feeding of raw materials: Start the feed pump 15 at the front left corner of the support frame 1 to pump the water to be treated after the fly ash and aluminum ash treatment into the evaporator body 2 through the raw material feed pipe 18. The liquid level in the evaporator body 2 is monitored in real time by the liquid level gauge 17 vertically installed on the outer wall of the evaporator body 2. The preset immersion liquid level of the heat exchange tube is 70%-90% of the total height of the heat exchange tube. If it is lower than 70%, it will easily cause the heat exchange tube to dry burn. If it is higher than 90%, it will reduce the evaporation space. When the liquid level reaches the preset immersion height of the heat exchange tube 6 inside the evaporator body 2, the feed pump 15 is immediately shut off to complete the quantitative feeding of the water to be treated and avoid the heat exchange tube 6 from dry burning.

[0031] S2. Forced Circulation Heating and Heat Exchanger Tube Cleaning: Start the forced circulation pump 14 next to the evaporator body 2. The water to be treated forms a closed circulation between the forced circulation pump 14 and the evaporator body 2 through the forced circulation pipe 19. This allows the water to continuously flow outside the heat exchanger tubes 6 inside the evaporator body 2 and exchange heat with the heat exchanger tubes 6. At the same time, start the motor 8 outside the evaporator body 2. The motor 8 drives the transmission shaft 7 to rotate around its own axis. The transmission shaft 7 drives the polyurethane brush plate 4 with spring compensation structure to rotate synchronously. The spring continuously applies radial pressure to keep the brush plate close to the outer wall of the heat exchanger tube, uniformly scraping away fly ash and aluminum ash scale attached to the tube wall. After the brush plate wears, the spring automatically compensates for the gap, ensuring that there are no dead corners in the wiping process. The brush plate 4 rotates synchronously and wipes the tube wall of the heat exchanger tube 6 in real time, cleaning the fly ash, aluminum ash scale and impurities attached to the tube wall, ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger tube 6. The water to be treated produces a vapor-liquid mixture after continuous heating.

[0032] It also includes the following steps: S3. High-efficiency vapor-liquid separation and pressure monitoring: Under pressure, the vapor-liquid mixture generated inside the evaporator body 2 enters the gas-liquid separator 9 through the vapor-liquid mixture pipe 26. The vapor-liquid mixture impacts the cyclone separation plate 10 in the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator 9. After impacting the inclined spiral blades, the vapor-liquid mixture rotates tangentially along the blades, achieving cyclone separation effect by centrifugal force. Under the cyclone action of the cyclone separation plate 10, high-efficiency separation of the gas and liquid phases is achieved. After separation, the liquid phase flows back to the evaporator body 2 by gravity through the annular return channel at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator, without the need for pipeline transportation. The separated liquid phase flows downward along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator 9 back into the evaporator body 2, continuing to participate in closed-loop heating. The separated gas phase forms secondary steam in the upper chamber of the gas-liquid separator 9. At the same time, the pressure value inside the gas-liquid separator 9 is monitored in real time by the pressure gauge 23 located on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator 9. The preset stable evaporation pressure range is -80kPa to -20kPa gauge pressure. If the pressure is below -80kPa, the evaporation efficiency is insufficient; if it is above -80kPa, the evaporation efficiency is insufficient. The secondary steam at 20 kPa intensifies the entrainment of liquid droplets, thus stabilizing the pressure within the preset evaporation pressure range.

[0033] S4. The secondary steam at the top of the gas-liquid separator 9 enters the feed end of the steam compressor 11 through the secondary steam pipe 21. The steam compressor 11 compresses the secondary steam, increasing its temperature and pressure. The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure secondary steam enters the plate heat exchanger 12 directly below it from the discharge end of the steam compressor 11. The high-temperature and high-pressure secondary steam completes condensation and heat exchange only inside the heat exchange chamber of the plate heat exchanger 12. The condensate flows out from the bottom of the plate heat exchanger 12 by gravity and is introduced into the condensate tank 13 through the condensate pipe 20. The condensate tank 13 only has the function of collecting and temporarily storing condensate and does not participate in steam heat exchange. The heat energy released by the secondary steam is absorbed by the heat exchange medium inside the plate heat exchanger 12, realizing the recovery and reuse of waste heat, and continuously providing an auxiliary heat source for the evaporation process of the evaporator body 2.

[0034] It also includes the following steps: S5. Condensate Recovery and Concentrate Discharge: The condensate formed after the secondary steam undergoes condensation and heat exchange flows out through the condensate pipe 20 between the plate heat exchanger 12 and the plate heat exchanger 13, and is finally transported to the condensate recycling system outside the support frame 1 to realize the recycling and reuse of condensate; the water to be treated in the evaporator body 2 is heated and separated into gas and liquid multiple times in a closed loop to form a high-concentration concentrate containing fly ash and aluminum ash impurities. The preset solid content of the discharged concentrate is 15%-35wt%. Below 15%, the volume reduction effect is poor, and above 35%, the fluidity is insufficient and the pipe is prone to blockage. When the concentration of the concentrate reaches the preset discharge concentration, the discharge pump 24 at the right rear corner of the support frame 1 is started, and the concentrate is pumped out from the bottom of the evaporator body 2 through the discharge pipe 22 and transported to the external salt residue collection device for subsequent solid-liquid separation and treatment.

[0035] It also includes the following steps: S6. Unit linkage control: During the entire water treatment process from S1 to S5, the operating parameters of motor 8, steam compressor 11, forced circulation pump 14, feed pump 15, and discharge pump 24 are centrally controlled through the control cabinet 16 located at the front left corner of the support frame 1. The control cabinet 16 receives liquid level monitoring data from level gauge 17 and pressure monitoring data from pressure gauge 23. When the liquid level or pressure exceeds the preset range, the operating speed of each pump, compressor, and motor is automatically adjusted to realize the automated linkage control of the unit and ensure the stable and continuous operation of the MVR evaporation unit for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal.

[0036] First, the feed pump 15 is started to quantitatively deliver the water to be treated to the evaporator body 2. The level gauge 17 precisely controls the level to prevent the heat exchange tube 6 from drying out. Then, the forced circulation pump 14 is started to form a closed-loop circulation of the feed liquid. The feed liquid completes heat exchange on the outside of the heat exchange tube 6. At the same time, the motor 8 drives the brush plate 4 to clean the heat exchange tube 6 in real time, solving the scaling problem. The generated vapor-liquid mixture enters the vapor-liquid separator 9 through the vapor-liquid mixture pipeline 26. Efficient vapor-liquid separation is achieved by the cyclone separator 10. The pressure gauge 23 controls the pressure in real time. The high-purity secondary steam enters the steam compressor 11 for compression and energy enhancement, and is then sent to the plate heat exchanger 12 for condensation and heat exchange, realizing waste heat recovery. The condensate is collected through the condensate pipeline 20 and sent to the outside for reuse. The feed liquid is circulated multiple times to form a high-concentration concentrate, which is pumped out by the discharge pump 24 for external disposal. The entire process is controlled by the control cabinet 16, which is linked to the level gauge 17, pressure gauge 23, and various pumps and compressors to achieve fully automated control, ensuring stable and continuous operation of the device and completing the reduction, resource utilization, and harmless treatment of fly ash and aluminum ash wastewater.

[0037] In this invention, the supporting frame 1 serves as the unified support foundation for the entire machine, adapting to the characteristics of high suspended solids and easy scaling in fly ash and aluminum ash wastewater. The entire equipment relies on a hardware structure of closed-loop evaporation, online mechanical cleaning of heat exchange tubes, cyclone vapor-liquid separation, and secondary steam compression waste heat recovery, combined with a linkage automatic control process to collaboratively complete wastewater treatment. The overall working principle and implementation effect are as follows: The evaporator body 2 is arranged inside the supporting frame 1 on the left side, and the gas-liquid separator 9 is coaxially installed on the top of the evaporator body 2; the feed pump 15 sends the wastewater to be treated into the evaporator body 2 through the raw material feed pipe 18, and the level gauge 17 monitors the liquid level in the chamber in real time to achieve quantitative feeding, effectively preventing the heat exchange tube 6 from dry burning. The forced circulation pump 14, together with the forced circulation pipe 19, forms a closed circulation path for the wastewater inside the evaporator body 2, and the heat exchange tube 6 continuously heats the circulating wastewater; at the same time, the motor 8 drives the transmission shaft 7 to drive the brush plate 4 to rotate against the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 6, scraping off the scale layer attached to the tube wall in real time, and stabilizing the heat exchange performance.

[0038] The vapor-liquid mixture generated by heating the wastewater is sent to the vapor-liquid separator 9 via the vapor-liquid mixture pipeline 26. The internal cyclone separator 10 performs efficient vapor-liquid separation. Pressure gauge 23 monitors the pressure inside the chamber in real time to ensure separation efficiency. The separated liquid phase is refluxed and re-enters the heat exchange cycle. The purified secondary steam is sent to the steam compressor 11 for pressurization and heating via the secondary steam pipeline 21. The heated high-temperature steam is then passed through the plate heat exchanger 12 for condensation and heat recovery. The condensed water is collected in the condensate tank 13 via the condensate pipeline 20 for storage and reuse. After multiple rounds of circulation and concentration to form a high-impurity concentrate, the wastewater is discharged by the discharge pump 24 through the discharge pipeline 22 for further treatment. The entire system relies on the control cabinet 16 to link all monitoring instruments and power components, achieving fully automatic adjustment throughout the process.

[0039] This invention enables long-term anti-scaling of heat exchange tubes, efficient gas-liquid separation, and waste heat recycling; the orderly layout of the whole machine reduces pipeline fluid resistance and reduces operating energy consumption; the automated control system ensures long-term stable and continuous operation of the device; and in conjunction with condensate reuse and concentrated liquid separation treatment processes, it simultaneously achieves the reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization of fly ash and aluminum ash wastewater, which can meet the needs of long-term continuous industrial operation.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An MVR evaporation device for the disposal of fly ash and aluminum ash, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: An evaporator body (2) is vertically fixed on the left side of the inner side of the support frame (1). A gas-liquid separator (9) is vertically fixed coaxially above the top of the evaporator body (2). A gas-liquid mixture pipe (26) connecting the top outlet of the evaporator body (2) and the bottom inlet of the gas-liquid separator (9) is fixedly provided. An annular reflux channel is provided at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator (9) for the separated liquid phase to flow back to the evaporator body (2) by gravity. A spiral blade cyclone separator plate (10) is provided in the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator (9). The cyclone separator plate (10) has a spiral blade structure. When the gas-liquid mixture flows through the plate, it forms a tangential cyclone and achieves two-phase separation by centrifugal force. A steam compressor (11) is horizontally fixed next to the vertical column on the right side of the outer side of the support frame (1). The side of the gas-liquid separator (9) is steam-liquid separator. A secondary steam pipe (21) is fixedly provided between the steam outlet and the feed end of the steam compressor (11). A plate heat exchanger (12) is vertically stacked and fixedly provided directly below the discharge end of the steam compressor (11). The plate heat exchanger (12) is only used for high-temperature secondary steam condensation heat exchange. A condensate tank (13) that only collects and stores condensate and does not participate in heat exchange is fixedly provided directly below the plate heat exchanger (12). A forced circulation pump (14) is horizontally fixedly provided next to the evaporator body (2) on the left side of the outer side of the support frame (1). A forced circulation pipe (19) is fixedly provided between the feed inlet and outlet of the forced circulation pump (14) and the upper and lower feed ports on the side of the evaporator body (2). A condensate pipe (20) is fixedly provided between the condensate outlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) and the condensate inlet of the condensate tank (13).

2. The MVR evaporation device for treating fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporator body (2) is horizontally fixed with a heat exchange tube shaft plate (3) near the top. The evaporator body (2) is horizontally fixed with a tube plate (5) near the bottom. The tube plate (5) and the heat exchange tube shaft plate (3) are arranged parallel to each other vertically. At least ten heat exchange tubes (6) are vertically fixed between the tube plate (5) and the heat exchange tube shaft plate. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes (6) are sealed and fixed to the tube plate (5) and the heat exchange tube shaft plate (3) respectively.

3. The MVR evaporation device for treating fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 2, characterized in that: The evaporator body (2) is internally connected to a transmission shaft (7), which passes through the heat exchange tube shaft plate (3) and is fixedly connected. A brush plate (4) is fixedly provided on the outer circumference of the transmission shaft (7). An elastic compression compensation structure is configured at the root of the brush plate (4). The brush plate is made of wear-resistant elastic material and relies on the elastic structure to continuously adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (6). After wear, the fitting gap is automatically compensated. The transmission shaft (7) can be frequency-adjusted to adapt to wastewater with different impurity concentrations. The brush plate (4) is located inside the evaporator body (2) and is tightly fitted to the tube wall of the heat exchange tube (6). A motor (8) is fixedly provided on the outer side of the evaporator body (2) away from the forced circulation pump (14). The output end of the motor (8) is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft (7).

4. The MVR evaporation device for treating fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed pump (15) is fixedly installed at the left front corner of the outer side of the support frame (1). The feed pump (15) is located directly in front of the forced circulation pump (14). A raw material feed pipe (18) is fixedly installed between the discharge end of the feed pump (15) and the feed inlet in the middle of the outer side wall of the evaporator body (2). A discharge pump (24) is fixedly installed at the right rear corner of the outer side of the support frame (1). A discharge pipe (22) is fixedly installed between the feed end of the discharge pump (24) and the discharge outlet at the bottom of the outer side wall of the evaporator body (2).

5. The MVR evaporation device for treating fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: A level gauge (17) is vertically fixed on the outer wall of the evaporator body (2). The level gauge (17) is connected to the interior of the evaporator body (2) and its detection end extends into the interior of the evaporator body (2). A pressure gauge (23) is fixed on the upper part of the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator (9). The pressure gauge (23) is connected to the interior of the gas-liquid separator (9) and its detection end extends into the interior of the gas-liquid separator (9). A control cabinet (16) is fixed on the vertical column at the left front corner of the outer side of the support frame (1). The control cabinet (16) is located directly above the feed pump (15) and close to the feed pump (15).

6. The MVR evaporation device for treating fly ash and aluminum ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting flange (25) is installed between the evaporator body (2) and the gas-liquid separator (9). The end of the condensate pipe (20) away from the plate heat exchanger (12) extends to the outside of the support frame (1) and is connected to the external condensate recycling structure.

7. A water treatment method based on the MVR evaporation device for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Quantitative delivery of raw materials: Start the feed pump (15) at the front left corner of the support frame (1) and pump the water to be treated after the fly ash and aluminum ash treatment into the evaporator body (2) through the raw material feed pipe (18). The liquid level height inside the evaporator body (2) is monitored in real time by the liquid level gauge (17) set vertically on the outer wall of the evaporator body (2). The preset liquid level range is 70% to 90% of the total height of the heat exchange tubes, which is used to avoid the problem of dry burning of the heat exchange tubes or insufficient evaporation space. When the liquid level reaches the preset immersion height of the heat exchange tubes (6) inside the evaporator body (2), the feed pump (15) is immediately shut down to complete the quantitative feeding of the water to be treated and avoid the dry burning of the heat exchange tubes (6). S2. Forced circulation heating and heat exchange tube cleaning: Start the forced circulation pump (14) next to the evaporator body (2). The water to be treated forms a closed circulation between the forced circulation pump (14) and the evaporator body (2) through the forced circulation pipe (19). The water to be treated flows continuously outside the heat exchange tube (6) inside the evaporator body (2) and exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube (6). At the same time, start the motor (8) outside the evaporator body (2). The motor (8) drives the transmission shaft (7) to rotate around its own axis. The transmission shaft (7) drives the brush plate (4) with elastic compensation structure to rotate synchronously. It continuously scrapes fly ash and aluminum ash scale against the tube wall and automatically compensates for the gap caused by the wear of the brush plate. The brush plate (4) rotates synchronously and wipes the tube wall of the heat exchange tube (6) in real time to clean the fly ash and aluminum ash scale impurities attached to the tube wall and ensure the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube (6). The water to be treated generates a vapor-liquid mixture after continuous heating.

8. The water treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S3. High-efficiency vapor-liquid separation and pressure monitoring: The vapor-liquid mixture generated in the evaporator body (2) enters the gas-liquid separator (9) through the vapor-liquid mixture pipe (26) under pressure. The vapor-liquid mixture impacts the cyclone separation plate (10) in the upper middle part of the gas-liquid separator (9) upward. The vapor-liquid mixture rotates tangentially along the blades of the cyclone separation plate and completes the vapor-liquid stratification by centrifugal force. The high-efficiency separation of the gas and liquid phases is achieved under the swirling action of the cyclone separation plate (10). The separated liquid phase flows back by gravity through the annular reflux channel at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator. The separated liquid phase flows back down along the inner wall of the gas-liquid separator (9) to the inside of the evaporator body (2) and continues to participate in the closed-loop heating. The separated gas phase forms secondary steam in the upper chamber of the gas-liquid separator (9). At the same time, the pressure value inside the gas-liquid separator (9) is monitored in real time by the pressure gauge (23) located on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separator (9). The evaporation pressure is set in a negative pressure range to prevent the secondary steam from carrying a large amount of liquid droplets and to ensure stable evaporation efficiency. The pressure is stably controlled within the preset evaporation pressure range. S4. Secondary steam compression and waste heat recovery: The secondary steam at the top of the gas-liquid separator (9) enters the feed end of the steam compressor (11) through the secondary steam pipe (21). The steam compressor (11) compresses the secondary steam to increase its temperature and pressure. The high-temperature and high-pressure secondary steam after compression enters the plate heat exchanger (12) directly below the steam compressor (11) from the discharge end of the steam compressor (11). The condensate tank (13) only collects the liquid water generated by the condensation of the plate heat exchanger and does not introduce high-temperature steam to participate in heat exchange. The steam only completes condensation and heat release inside the plate heat exchanger (12). The heat energy released by the secondary steam is absorbed by the medium inside the plate heat exchanger.

9. The water treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S5. Condensate recovery and concentrate discharge: The condensate formed after the secondary steam is condensed and heat exchanged flows out from the bottom of the plate heat exchanger (12), enters the condensate tank (13) through the condensate pipe (20) for temporary storage, and is finally transported to the condensate recycling system outside the support frame (1) to realize the recycling and reuse of condensate. The water to be treated in the evaporator body (2) is heated and separated into vapor and liquid multiple times in a closed loop to form a high-concentration concentrate containing fly ash and aluminum ash impurities. The concentration of the concentrate discharge is set in a reasonable range to take into account both the wastewater reduction effect and the slurry transport flowability. When the concentration of the concentrate reaches the preset discharge concentration, the discharge pump (24) at the right rear corner of the support frame (1) is started. The concentrate is pumped out from the bottom of the evaporator body (2) through the discharge pipe (22) and transported to the external salt residue collection device for subsequent solid-liquid separation treatment.

10. The water treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S6. Device linkage control: During the entire water treatment process from S1 to S5, the operating parameters of the motor (8), steam compressor (11), forced circulation pump (14), feed pump (15), and discharge pump (24) are centrally controlled by the control cabinet (16) located at the left front corner of the support frame (1). The control cabinet (16) receives the liquid level monitoring data from the level gauge (17) and the pressure monitoring data from the pressure gauge (23). When the liquid level or pressure exceeds the preset range, the operating speed of each pump, compressor, and motor is automatically adjusted to realize the automatic linkage control of the device and ensure the stable and continuous operation of the MVR evaporation device for fly ash and aluminum ash disposal.

Images