A multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater

Abstract

The application provides a rare earth wastewater multistage adsorption purification device, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater purification. The device comprises an adsorption purification column, a water distribution plate, a water cap, a rotating shaft, gear one, gear two and a rotating rod. A rotating column is rotatably connected to the rotating rod. A poking assembly is arranged between the rotating rod and the rotating column. An adjusting assembly is arranged between the poking assembly and the rotating column. A cleaning assembly is arranged between each water distribution plate and the rotating rod. The poking assembly and the adjusting assembly are arranged to rotate at different speeds, so that the abutting block periodically abuts against the elastic poking rod, the poking plate vibrates slightly, and the linkage of the electric push rod, the rotating ring and gear five facilitates the adjustment of the vibration amplitude and the inclination angle of the poking plate. The rotating rod drives the abutting block to rotate, the abutting block and the abutting groove are intermittently separated, the water distribution plate and the water cap are reciprocatingly lifted, and the water cap is periodically self-cleaned without disassembly through the cleaning hole of the cleaning plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater purification technology, and in particular to a multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth wastewater mainly originates from industrial production wastewater generated throughout the entire process of rare earth mining, beneficiation, smelting and separation, and refining. The wastewater contains a variety of pollutants and is highly hazardous. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out professional resin column adsorption purification treatment to remove pollutants, recover rare earth resources, and ensure that the wastewater meets discharge standards.

[0003] Existing traditional rare earth wastewater resin purification devices typically employ a conventional filling method during resin particle loading: manual feeding followed by free fall and natural settling under gravity, supplemented by slight external tapping and vibration. This uncontrolled accumulation of resin particles during the fall can lead to disordered and random packing, causing flow deviations and short circuits in the rare earth wastewater. This reduces the resin's adsorption and purification efficiency for rare earth ions and impurities. While slight tapping and vibration may be used to attempt to improve resin filling uniformity, this manual method is time-consuming. It is labor-intensive and has limited effect on material uniformity. In the backwashing stage, the simple hydraulic flushing has limited disturbance ability and is not easy to break up the piled and compacted resin particles. Impurities attached to the resin surface are not easily peeled off completely, thus affecting the backwashing effect. On the other hand, after long-term use, dirt and impurities are easy to accumulate on the outer surface of the water cap, which can lead to blockage. Blockage of the water cap can easily cause uneven water distribution and collection and turbulent water flow. For blocked water caps, they need to be manually disassembled, cleaned and reinstalled one by one. The manual disassembly and cleaning work is large and tedious, and requires long-term downtime, which reduces the continuous operating efficiency of the resin column.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides a multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-stage adsorption and purification device for rare earth wastewater, so as to solve the problems of existing devices that use natural sedimentation to fill resin particles, which easily reduces adsorption and purification efficiency; manual knocking is time-consuming and labor-intensive; the backwashing stage has poor effect on removing impurities from the compacted resin particles; and the water cap is prone to dirt accumulation and blockage after long-term use, and manual disassembly and cleaning is inefficient.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater includes: an adsorption purification column, with water distribution plates slidably connected to both the upper and lower sides inside the column. Multiple through holes circumferentially opened in the water distribution plates are each fitted with a water cap. Multiple filter plates, arranged from top to bottom, separate two water distribution plates into an inert protection chamber, a resin working chamber, a multi-stage quartz sand pad chamber, and a water collection chamber. A rotating shaft is mounted on the top of the adsorption purification column via a motor. A gear one is mounted on the outer side of the lower section of the rotating shaft, and gear two meshes with gear two. A rotating rod is fixedly connected inside gear two. The rotating rod rotatably passes through the two water distribution plates and the multiple filter plates. A rotating column is rotatably connected inside the rotating rod. A actuating component is provided between the rotating rod and the rotating column for actuating resin particles. An adjusting component is provided between the actuating component and the rotating column for adjusting the state of the actuating component. A cleaning component is provided between each water distribution plate and the rotating rod for cleaning the water caps.

[0007] Preferably, the actuating assembly includes multiple connecting discs and multiple abutments. The multiple connecting discs are vertically and equidistantly rotatably connected to corresponding grooves on the outer side of the rotating rod via bearings. An actuating plate is fixedly connected inside the connecting disc. An elastic lever is provided on the inner side of the actuating plate. One end of the elastic lever is connected to the end of the hollow inner cavity of the actuating plate, and the other end of the elastic lever is abutted against a abutment. Multiple abutments are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer side of the rotating column. A gear three is installed on the outer side of the top of the rotating column. The teeth of the gear three mesh with a gear four. The gear four is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper section of the rotating shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the abutment end is designed as a curved inclined structure, and the end of the elastic lever that contacts the abutment is designed as an arc-shaped structure.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an electric push rod and a rotating ring. The electric push rod is mounted on the top of the adsorption purification column via a connecting plate. A connecting frame is installed on the telescopic end of the electric push rod. Inclined blocks are installed at both the front and rear ends of the right side of the connecting frame. The rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper section of the rotating column. The inclined blocks slide against the inner strip hole of the fixed block at the top of the rotating ring. A rack is rotatably connected to the outer groove of the rotating ring. Multiple gears are meshed at the lower section of the rack. The multiple gears are fixedly connected to the left side of the corresponding connecting plate.

[0010] Preferably, gear one and gear two are the same size, gear three is smaller than gear four and gear one, and the height of gear three is lower than that of gear four.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes a cleaning plate and a fixing ring. The bottom end of the cleaning plate has multiple cleaning holes. The cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adsorption and purification column. The top end of the cleaning plate is connected to the water distribution plate by a spring. The outer side of the top end of the water distribution plate has two abutment grooves. Each of the two abutment grooves has a sliding abutment block inside. The fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating rod. Both abutment blocks are fixedly connected to the fixing ring by a connecting strip.

[0012] Preferably, multiple flexible cleaning strips are installed in the multiple cleaning holes opened at the bottom end of the cleaning plate, and the flexible cleaning strips correspond to the water outlets on the outside of the water cap.

[0013] Preferably, both the bottom of the contact block and the contact groove are designed as arc-shaped structures, and the arc-shaped structure of the contact block is smaller than that of the contact groove.

[0014] Preferably, the upper section of the adsorption purification column has an upper port, and the lower end of the adsorption purification column has a lower port. Both the upper and lower ports of the adsorption purification column are equipped with diverter pipes. The diverter pipe at the upper port is respectively provided with a wastewater addition end and a flushing wastewater discharge end, and the diverter pipe at the lower port is respectively provided with a cleaning solution addition end and a purified water discharge end.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the above scheme, by setting up a toggle assembly and an adjustment assembly, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate. Under the action of gear one, gear two, gear three, and gear four, the rotating rod and rotating column rotate at different speeds. The rotation of the rotating rod drives the toggle plate to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating column drives the abutment block to rotate. The rotation of the abutment block intermittently abuts the elastic lever, causing the elastic lever to vibrate. The vibration of the elastic lever drives the toggle plate to vibrate, creating a mechanical shaking effect on the toggle plate. Through the action of the electric push rod and the inclined block, the rotating ring and rotating column are driven to rise axially, thereby driving the abutment block to rise synchronously, so as to adjust the vibration amplitude of the toggle plate. As the rotating ring moves upward, the rack moves upward synchronously with it. The vertical movement of the rack drives the meshing gear five to rotate, and the rotation of gear five directly drives the actuating plate to rotate, thereby changing the tilt angle of the actuating plate. This allows for adjustment of the vibration amplitude and tilt angle of the actuating plate according to the resin particle size, ensuring uniform resin density. During the backwashing stage, increasing the rotation speed and tilt angle of the actuating plate facilitates the effective agitation of deep resin layers, allowing backwash water to penetrate the resin layer evenly, quickly removing contaminants from the resin surface, and enhancing the resin backwashing effect.

[0016] In the above solution, by setting up a cleaning component, the rotating rod drives the fixed ring to rotate, and the connecting strip drives the contact block to move around the water distribution plate. When the contact block deviates from the contact groove, it presses down the water distribution plate to compress the spring, and the water cap maintains normal water distribution. After the contact block is embedded in the contact groove, the spring returns to its original position and pushes the water distribution plate. The water cap passes through the cleaning hole of the cleaning plate and is scraped and cleaned by the flexible cleaning strip. After the contact block leaves the contact groove, the water cap returns to its original position. This cycle repeats to achieve periodic automatic cleaning of the water cap, avoids water cap blockage, ensures uniform water distribution and collection, maintains stable water flow, and eliminates the need for manual disassembly of the water cap for cleaning, thus improving the stability and continuity of the device operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the adsorption purification column of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inert protective cavity, resin working cavity, and multi-stage quartz sand pad cavity structure of the present invention. Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of details at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the adsorption purification column of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the toggle assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the connecting disc and the actuating plate and the rotating rod of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of gear one, gear two, gear three and gear four of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the five-way connection structure between the rack and gear of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the connecting plate and the actuating plate of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Enlarged detail diagram at point B in the middle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the contact groove and contact block structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 1. Adsorption purification column; 2. Water distribution plate; 21. Water cap; 3. Filter plate; 31. Inert protection chamber; 32. Resin working chamber; 33. Quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber; 34. Water collection chamber; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Gear 1; 6. Gear 2; 7. Rotating rod; 8. Rotating column; 9. Actuating assembly; 91. Connecting plate; 92. Actuating plate; 921. Elastic lever; 93. Gear 3; 94. Gear 4; 95. Abutment block; 10. Adjusting assembly; 101. Electric push rod; 102. Connecting frame; 103. Inclined block; 104. Rotating ring; 105. Rack; 106. Gear 5; 11. Cleaning assembly; 111. Cleaning plate; 112. Abutment groove; 113. Abutment block; 114. Fixing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater, comprising: an adsorption purification column 1, with water distribution plates 2 slidably connected to both the upper and lower sides of the adsorption purification column 1; water caps 21 installed in multiple through holes circumferentially opened in the water distribution plates 2; and multiple filter plates 3 separating the two water distribution plates 2 from top to bottom into an inert protection chamber 31, a resin working chamber 32, a quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber 33, and a water collection chamber 34; a rotating shaft 4 is mounted on the top of the adsorption purification column 1 via a motor; a gear 5 is mounted on the outer side of the lower section of the rotating shaft 4; a gear 6 meshes with the teeth of the gear 5; a rotating rod 7 is fixedly connected inside the gear 6; the rotating rod 7 rotates through the two water distribution plates 2 and the multiple filter plates 3; and a rotating column 8 is rotatably connected inside the rotating rod 7. An actuating component 9 is provided between the actuating component 9 and the rotating column 8. The actuating component 9 is used to actuate the resin particles. An adjusting component 10 is provided between the actuating component 9 and the rotating column 8. The adjusting component 10 is used to adjust the state of the actuating component 9. A cleaning component 11 is provided between each water distribution plate 2 and the rotating rod 7. The cleaning component 11 is used to clean the water cap 21. The inert protection chamber 31 is used to fill hollow plastic balls to intercept suspended solids in the wastewater and protect the resin surface from clogging. The resin working chamber 32 is used to fill resin particles for ion exchange with the wastewater and to adsorb and purify the wastewater. The quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber 33 is used to fill fine sand, medium sand and coarse quartz short sand layer by layer for filtering and purifying the wastewater. Finally, the purified wastewater enters the water collection chamber 34.

[0021] The actuating assembly 9 includes multiple connecting discs 91 and multiple abutments 95. The connecting discs 91 are vertically and equidistantly rotatably connected to corresponding grooves on the outer side of the rotating rod 7 via bearings. An actuating plate 92 is fixedly connected inside the connecting discs 91. An elastic lever 921 is provided inside the actuating plate 92. One end of the elastic lever 921 is connected to the end of the hollow inner cavity of the actuating plate 92, and the other end of the elastic lever 921 abuts against abutments 95. Multiple abutments 95 are equidistantly fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating column 8. A gear 93 is installed on the outer side of the top of the rotating column 8. Gear 4 94 is engaged with the toothed jaws and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper section of the rotating shaft 4. When the motor at the top of the adsorption purification column 1 drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, the rotating shaft 4 simultaneously outputs two power sources. One power source drives gear 5 to rotate, and the other power source drives gear 4 94 to rotate synchronously. When gear 5 rotates, it drives gear 6 to rotate. The rotation of gear 6 drives the rotating rod 7 to rotate as a whole. At this time, the connecting plate 91 rotates circumferentially with the rotating rod 7, thereby driving the actuating plate 92 to rotate synchronously around the rotating rod 7. During the rotation, the actuating plate 92 extends into the resin working chamber 32. The agitator plate 92 continuously agitates and disturbs the resin particles in a circumferential direction. During the resin filling stage, it continuously turns and disperses the resin flow, facilitating the layer-by-layer arrangement of the resin. During the backwashing stage, the agitator plate 92 continuously stirs the resin layer, improving the rinsing effect. The rotation of gear four 94 drives gear three 93 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating column 8 to rotate. The abutment block 95 on the outside of the rotating column 8 rotates synchronously with the rotating column 8. The rotation of the abutment block 95 intermittently contacts the elastic lever 921, causing the elastic lever 921 to vibrate. The vibration of the elastic lever 921 drives the agitator plate 922 to rotate. 2. Vibration creates a mechanical shaking effect on the agitator plate 92. During the resin granule filling process, the agitator plate 92 continuously flips and vibrates intermittently, which facilitates the dispersing of resin clumps layer by layer, automatically fills the gaps between resin granules, reduces uneven density, and ensures uniform resin density inside the resin working chamber 32, thus guaranteeing overall adsorption and purification efficiency. Under backwashing conditions, the rotation and stirring of the agitator plate 92, combined with the vibration, facilitates the loosening of the resin bed and the dispersing of clumps of resin granules, allowing backwash water to penetrate the resin evenly and improving the resin elution and regeneration effect.

[0022] The contact end of the abutment block 95 is designed as a curved inclined structure, and the end of the elastic lever 921 that contacts the abutment block 95 is designed as an arc structure. The contact process between the arc structure of the elastic lever 921 and the curved inclined abutment block 95 is smoother and reduces friction.

[0023] The adjusting assembly 10 includes an electric push rod 101 and a rotating ring 104. The electric push rod 101 is installed at the top of the adsorption purification column 1 via a connecting plate. A connecting frame 102 is installed at the telescopic end of the electric push rod 101. Inclined blocks 103 are installed at both the front and rear ends of the right side of the connecting frame 102. The rotating ring 104 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper section of the rotating column 8. The inclined blocks 103 slide against the inner slot of the fixed block at the top of the rotating ring 104. A rack 105 is rotatably connected to the outer groove of the rotating ring 104. Multiple gears 106 mesh with the lower teeth of the rack 105. The multiple gears 106 are fixedly connected to the left side of the corresponding connecting plate 91. The electric push rod 104 is activated. The push rod 101, an electric push rod 101, performs a telescopic movement. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 101 drives the connecting frame 102 to move synchronously in the horizontal direction. The inclined blocks 103 fixed at both ends of the connecting frame 102 move together with the connecting frame 102. Since the inclined blocks 103 slide against the strip hole on the inner side of the fixed block at the top of the rotating ring 104, the horizontal movement of the inclined blocks 103 is converted into a vertical pushing force on the fixed block, which in turn drives the rotating ring 104 to move upwards towards the rotating column 8. The outer abutment block 95 of the rotating column 8 moves upwards along with the rotating column 8. As the abutment block 95 moves upwards, the contact part between the elastic lever 921 and the abutment block 95 moves from the upper part of the abutment block 95. As the small-diameter section gradually transitions to the large-diameter section, the resistance force of the abutment 95 on the elastic lever 921 increases with the increase of the contact area, thereby increasing the vibration amplitude of the elastic lever 921. This, in turn, increases the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92, ultimately adjusting the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92. The greater the extension of the electric push rod 101, the farther the abutment 95 moves upward, and the greater the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92. Conversely, when the electric push rod 101 retracts, the abutment 95 moves downward, and the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92 decreases. As the rotating ring 104 moves upward, the rack 105 moves synchronously with the rotating ring 104. The upward displacement and vertical movement of rack 105 will drive the meshing gear 106 to rotate. The rotation of gear 106 will drive the connecting plate 91 and the actuating plate 92 to rotate, thereby changing the tilt angle of the actuating plate 92. This allows the tilt angle of the actuating plate 92 to be adjusted according to the diameter of the resin during the resin filling stage. During the backwashing stage, the actuating plate 92 vibrates significantly, at which time the tilt angle of the actuating plate 92 becomes larger. The tilted actuating plate 92 can more efficiently turn over the deep resin, ensuring that the resin particles are in full contact with the wastewater, enhancing the loosening effect of the resin layer, and quickly removing contaminants from the resin surface in conjunction with water rinsing.

[0024] Gear 1 (5) and Gear 2 (6) are the same size. Gear 3 (93) is smaller than Gear 4 (94) and Gear 1 (5). Gear 3 (93) is lower than Gear 4 (94). Since Gear 1 (5) and Gear 2 (6) are the same size, when Gear 1 (5) meshes and drives Gear 2 (6) to rotate, the rotation speed of Gear 2 (6) driving Rotor 7 is exactly the same as the rotation speed of Rotary Shaft 4. However, Gear 3 (93) is smaller than Gear 4 (94). Therefore, when Gear 4 (94) meshes and drives Gear 3 (93), the rotation speed of Gear 3 (93) driving Rotary Column 8 is greater than the rotation speed of Gear 4 (94). This makes the rotation speed of Rotary Column 8 greater than the rotation speed of Rotary Column 7, forming a differential rotation between Rotary Column 7 and Rotary Column 8. The lower height of Gear 3 (93) allows sufficient travel for the upward movement of Rotary Column 8 and Gear 3 (93), ensuring that Gear 3 (93) remains stably meshed with Gear 4 (94) after moving upward.

[0025] The cleaning assembly 11 includes a cleaning plate 111 and a fixing ring 114. The cleaning plate 111 has multiple cleaning holes at its bottom end and is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adsorption purification column 1. The top end of the cleaning plate 111 is connected to the water distribution plate 2 via a spring. Two contact grooves 112 are provided on the outer side of the top end of the water distribution plate 2, and contact blocks 113 slide against each of the two contact grooves 112. The fixing ring 114 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating rod 7. Both contact blocks 113 are fixedly connected to the fixing ring 114 via connecting strips. When the rotating rod 7 rotates synchronously with the gear 6, the fixing ring 114 rotates circumferentially with the rotating rod 7. The fixing ring 114 drives the contact blocks 113 to rotate synchronously via the connecting strips. The contact blocks 113 always maintain contact with the surface of the top end of the water distribution plate 2 and periodically pass through the contact grooves 112 as the rotating rod 7 rotates. When the contact blocks 113 rotate to a position where they no longer contact the contact grooves 112... When the contact block 113 is in the contact position, the bottom end of the contact block 113 exerts downward pressure on the water distribution plate 2, forcing the water distribution plate 2 to move downward. At this time, the spring connecting the water distribution plate 2 and the cleaning plate 111 is compressed, and the water cap 21 on the water distribution plate 2 extends out of the cleaning hole at the bottom end of the cleaning plate 111, ensuring that the water distribution plate 2 maintains a stable water distribution state. When the contact block 113 rotates with the rotating rod 7 to the position of the contact groove 112, the contact block 113 slides into the contact groove 112. At this time, the compressed spring generates an upward elastic restoring force, pushing the water distribution plate 2 to move upward. The water distribution plate 2 drives the multiple water caps 21 installed on its surface to move upward synchronously. During the movement, the water caps 21 pass through the cleaning hole at the bottom end of the cleaning plate 111. During the process of the water caps 21 passing through the cleaning hole, the cleaning hole will scrape and clean the outer surface of the water caps 21, scraping away the impurities attached to the outer side of the water caps 21, so as to achieve automatic cleaning of the water caps 21.

[0026] Multiple flexible cleaning strips are installed in the multiple cleaning holes at the bottom of the cleaning plate 111. The flexible cleaning strips correspond to the water outlet on the outside of the water cap 21. As the water cap 21 passes through the cleaning holes, the flexible cleaning strips on the inner wall of the cleaning holes will scrape and clean the water outlet on the outside of the water cap 21 in a targeted manner to remove the small impurities attached to the water outlet of the water cap 21.

[0027] Both the bottom of the contact block 113 and the contact groove 112 are designed with an arc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped structure of the contact block 113 is smaller than that of the contact groove 112.

[0028] The adsorption purification column 1 has an upper port at its upper end and a lower port at its lower end. Both the upper and lower ports are equipped with diversion pipes. The upper port diversion pipe has a wastewater inlet and a flushing wastewater outlet, while the lower port diversion pipe has a cleaning solution inlet and a purified water outlet. During the wastewater purification stage, rare earth wastewater enters the adsorption purification column 1 through the wastewater inlet of the upper port diversion pipe. After being evenly distributed by the top water distribution plate 2 and water cap 21, the water flows from top to bottom in a stable seepage state. The wastewater first enters the inert protection chamber 31, which is then inertly protected. Hollow plastic balls filling cavity 31 capture suspended solids, colloidal particles, and some oily impurities in the wastewater through physical interception and adsorption, preventing them from directly contacting and clogging the surface of the resin particles in the lower resin working cavity 32. The pretreated wastewater enters the resin working cavity 32, where it comes into full contact with the resin particles. Through ion exchange and chelation adsorption, target pollutants such as rare earth ions, heavy metal ions, and fluorides are removed, achieving deep purification of the wastewater. The purified wastewater then enters the quartz sand multi-stage cushion cavity 33, where it undergoes gradient filtration. Further trapping residual fine suspended solids, resin fragments, and colloids in the water, the wastewater, after three stages of purification, enters the collection chamber 34. Finally, it is evenly collected by the bottom water distribution plate 2 and water cap 21, and flows out from the purified water discharge end of the lower port diversion pipe, completing the normal purification process. During the backwashing stage, external cleaning fluid enters the column through the cleaning fluid addition end of the lower port diversion pipe of the adsorption purification column 1. After being evenly distributed by the bottom water distribution plate 2 and water cap 21, the water flows from bottom to top. The cleaning fluid first enters the quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber 33 through the collection chamber 34. The upward water flow causes the sand layer to expand slightly, flushing... The washing liquid removes impurities trapped between sand particles and loosens the sand layer to prevent caking and blockage. The washing liquid then enters the resin working chamber 32, where the water flow causes the resin layer to expand and fluidize. On the one hand, it washes away suspended solids and colloids attached to the resin surface. On the other hand, the regenerated liquid can wash away pollutants adsorbed by the resin through ion exchange reaction, restoring the resin's adsorption capacity. The backwash wastewater carries the washed impurities upward into the inert protection chamber 31. The hollow plastic balls tumble under the action of water flow, further releasing the attached impurities. Finally, the contaminated backwash wastewater is discharged from the adsorption purification column 1 through the flushing wastewater discharge end of the upper port diversion pipe.

[0029] The working principle of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: During operation, the inert protection chamber 31 is filled with hollow plastic balls to physically intercept suspended solids, colloids, and oily impurities. The resin working chamber 32 is filled with adsorption resin particles for ion exchange and chelation adsorption of rare earth wastewater. The multi-stage quartz sand cushion chamber 33 is filled with fine sand, medium sand, and coarse quartz sand layer by layer to form a gradient filter cushion. During the filling of the resin working chamber 32 with resin particles, the rotating shaft 4 is driven by the motor at the top of the adsorption purification column 1. The rotating shaft 4 simultaneously outputs power to gear 5 and gear 94. Gear 5 and gear 6 mesh to drive the rotating rod 7 to rotate as a whole, causing the connecting disc 91 on the outer side of the rotating rod 7 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the actuating plate 92 to rotate around the rotating rod 7. Gear 4 94 meshes to drive gear 3 93 to rotate, causing the rotating column 8 to rotate at a speed higher than that of the rotating rod 7. The abutment block 95 on the outer side of the rotating column 8 rotates synchronously in a circumferential direction. The rotation of the abutment block 95 intermittently abuts the elastic lever 921, causing the elastic lever 921 to vibrate. The vibration of the elastic lever 921 causes the actuating plate 92 to vibrate, creating a mechanical shaking effect on the actuating plate 92. By continuously flipping the agitator plate 92 in conjunction with intermittent vibration, resin clumps are gradually broken up, automatically filling gaps between resin particles and reducing uneven density. This ensures uniform resin density within the resin working chamber 32, guaranteeing overall adsorption and purification efficiency. Activating the electric push rod 101 of the adjustment component 10 causes the inclined block 103 to move. Because the inclined block 103 slides against the slotted hole on the inner side of the fixed block at the top of the rotating ring 104, the horizontal movement of the inclined block 103 is converted into a vertical push against the fixed block. The force drives the rotating ring 104 and the rotating column 8 to move axially up and down. The movement of the rotating column 8 causes the abutment 95 to move up and down synchronously. The up and down movement of the abutment 95 changes the contact position and the abutment force between the abutment 95 and the elastic lever 921, thereby realizing the adjustment of the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92. The movement of the rotating ring 104 drives the rack 105 to move vertically. The displacement of the rack 105 meshes with the drive gear 106 to rotate, thereby causing the actuating plate 92 to deflect and tilt, which is convenient for adjusting the vibration amplitude and tilt angle of the actuating plate 92 according to different particle size resins. When the rotating rod 7 rotates circumferentially with the gear 6, it drives the fixed ring 114 to rotate synchronously. The fixed ring 114 drives the arc-shaped contact block 113 to move circumferentially around the water distribution plate 2 through the connecting strip. When the contact block 113 rotates away from the position of the arc-shaped contact groove 112, the contact block 113 presses down on the water distribution plate 2, compressing the spring between the water distribution plate 2 and the cleaning plate 111. The water cap 21 maintains its normal water distribution working state. When the contact block 113 rotates with the rotating rod 7 and is embedded in the contact groove 112... When the downward pressure of the water distribution plate 2 is released, the spring elastically resets and pushes the water distribution plate 2 upward. The water distribution plate 2 drives the water cap 21 to move upward synchronously, so that the water cap 21 passes vertically through the cleaning hole at the bottom of the cleaning plate 111. At this time, the flexible cleaning strips arranged inside the cleaning hole scrape and clean the outer wall of the water cap 21, removing the attached fine impurities and dirt. When the contact block 113 continues to rotate and disengages from the contact groove 112, it presses down the water distribution plate 2 again, and the water cap 21 moves down and resets, completing the automatic cleaning cycle. In the wastewater purification stage, rare earth wastewater is introduced into the adsorption purification column 1 through the wastewater addition end of the diversion pipe at the upper port of the adsorption purification column 1. The wastewater flows through the top water distribution plate 2 and water cap 21 to achieve uniform water distribution, allowing the water to flow uniformly from top to bottom in a stable seepage state. The water first enters the inert protection chamber 31, where hollow plastic balls capture suspended solids, colloidal particles, and oil impurities in the wastewater through physical interception and surface adsorption, preventing impurities from directly covering and clogging the resin surface in the resin working chamber 32, thus completing the pretreatment. The pretreated wastewater then flows downwards into the resin. The working chamber 32 is in full contact with the resin particles inside the chamber. Through ion exchange and chelation adsorption reactions, pollutants such as rare earth ions, heavy metal ions, and fluorides in the wastewater are removed, achieving deep purification of the wastewater. The wastewater purified by resin adsorption continues to enter the quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber 33. Relying on the gradient layer structure, it further intercepts residual fine suspended matter. After completing the three-stage purification, the water flows through the bottom water distribution plate 2 and water cap 21 and is evenly collected. Finally, the purified wastewater flows out from the purified water discharge end of the lower port diversion pipe, completing a single wastewater purification operation process. During the backwashing stage, the external cleaning solution is introduced into the adsorption purification column 1 through the cleaning solution addition end of the diversion pipe at the lower port of the adsorption purification column 1. After being evenly distributed by the bottom water distribution plate 2 and water cap 21, the cleaning solution flows counter-currently from bottom to top. The counter-current water flow first enters the quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber 33, causing the sand layer to expand and loosen slightly, washing away impurities trapped between sand particles, and breaking up sand layer caking to prevent filter media blockage. The cleaning solution flows upward into the resin working chamber 32, where the water flow causes the resin layer to expand and fluidize, on the one hand flushing away suspended matter and colloidal impurities attached to the resin surface, and on the other hand... The regenerated liquid washes away rare earth and heavy metal pollutants adsorbed by the resin through ion exchange reaction, thereby restoring the resin's adsorption performance. The backwash wastewater carrying impurities continues to flow upwards into the inert protection chamber 31. Inside the chamber, hollow plastic balls tumble and collide under the action of the counter-current water flow, further removing surface-attached impurities. The contaminated backwash wastewater is finally discharged from the adsorption purification column 1 through the flushing wastewater discharge end of the upper port diversion pipe. During the backwashing process, the motor continuously drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate, and the agitator 9 works synchronously. Through the rotation and agitation of the agitator plate 92, superimposed mechanical vibration, the loosening... The moving resin bed breaks up the clumps of resin particles, allowing backwash water to penetrate evenly into the resin layer, enhancing the impurity removal effect. An electric push rod 101 moves the inclined block 103, which in turn drives the rotating ring 104 upwards along the rotating column 8. This causes the rotating ring 104, rotating column 8, and abutment block 95 to rise synchronously, increasing the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92. As the rotating ring 104 moves upwards, the rack 105 moves upwards synchronously with it, driving the gear five 106 to rotate, which in turn drives the actuating plate 92 to rotate, changing the vibration amplitude of the actuating plate 92. During backwashing, the tilt angle of the agitator 92 increases, the vibration amplitude increases, and the rotation speed of the agitator 92 increases, which facilitates more efficient agitation of the deep resin, ensuring that the resin particles are in full contact with the wastewater, enhancing the loosening effect of the resin layer. Combined with water rinsing, it quickly removes the sludge, colloids and contaminants from the resin surface, improving the backwashing and regeneration efficiency. After backwashing is completed, the backwash inlet is closed, and the resin particles, quartz sand filter media and hollow plastic balls settle and reset naturally by their own weight. The device enters standby mode, waiting for the next round of wastewater purification.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater, characterized in that, include: An adsorption purification column (1) has water distribution plates (2) slidably connected to both the upper and lower sides inside. Water caps (21) are installed in the multiple through holes circumferentially opened in the water distribution plates (2). Multiple filter plates (3) separate the two water distribution plates (2) from top to bottom into an inert protection chamber (31), a resin working chamber (32), a quartz sand multi-stage pad chamber (33), and a water collection chamber (34). A rotating shaft (4) is installed at the top of the adsorption purification column (1) via a motor. A gear one (5) is installed on the outer side of the lower section of the rotating shaft (4). Gear one (5) meshes with gear two (6). Gear two (6) has internal... A rotating rod (7) is fixedly connected to the part. The rotating rod (7) rotates through two water distribution plates (2) and multiple filter plates (3) in a sealed manner. A rotating column (8) is rotatably connected inside the rotating rod (7). A toggle assembly (9) is provided between the rotating rod (7) and the rotating column (8). The toggle assembly (9) is used to toggle the resin particles. An adjustment assembly (10) is provided between the toggle assembly (9) and the rotating column (8). The adjustment assembly (10) is used to adjust the state of the toggle assembly (9). A cleaning assembly (11) is provided between each water distribution plate (2) and the rotating rod (7). The cleaning assembly (11) is used to clean the water cap (21).

2. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuating assembly (9) includes multiple connecting discs (91) and multiple abutments (95). The multiple connecting discs (91) are vertically and equidistantly rotatably connected to the corresponding grooves on the outside of the rotating rod (7) via bearings. An actuating plate (92) is fixedly connected inside the connecting disc (91). An elastic lever (921) is provided on the inner side of the actuating plate (92). One end of the elastic lever (921) is connected to the end of the hollow inner cavity of the actuating plate (92). The other end of the elastic lever (921) is abutted against and connected to the abutment (95). The multiple abutments (95) are equidistantly and fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating column (8). A gear three (93) is installed on the outer side of the top of the rotating column (8). The gear three (93) meshes with a gear four (94). The gear four (94) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper section of the rotating shaft (4).

3. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact end of the abutment block (95) is designed as a curved inclined structure, and the end of the elastic lever (921) that contacts the abutment block (95) is designed as an arc structure.

4. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment component (10) includes an electric push rod (101) and a rotating ring (104). The electric push rod (101) is installed on the top of the adsorption purification column (1) through a connecting plate. A connecting frame (102) is installed on the telescopic end of the electric push rod (101). Inclined blocks (103) are installed on both the front and rear ends of the right side of the connecting frame (102). The rotating ring (104) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper section of the rotating column (8). The inclined block (103) slides against the inner strip hole of the fixed block at the top of the rotating ring (104). A rack (105) is rotatably connected to the outer groove of the rotating ring (104). Multiple gears (106) are meshed on the lower section of the rack (105). The multiple gears (106) are fixedly connected to the left side of the corresponding connecting plate (91).

5. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gear 1 (5) and gear 2 (6) are the same size, the gear 3 (93) is smaller than gear 4 (94) and gear 1 (5), and the height of gear 3 (93) is lower than that of gear 4 (94).

6. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly (11) includes a cleaning plate (111) and a fixing ring (114). The bottom end of the cleaning plate (111) is provided with multiple cleaning holes. The cleaning plate (111) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the adsorption purification column (1). The top end of the cleaning plate (111) is connected to the water distribution plate (2) by a spring. The outer side of the top end of the water distribution plate (2) is provided with two abutment grooves (112). The two abutment grooves (112) are slidably abutting against the abutment blocks (113) inside. The fixing ring (114) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating rod (7). The two abutment blocks (113) are fixedly connected to the fixing ring (114) by connecting strips.

7. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple flexible cleaning strips are installed in the multiple cleaning holes opened at the bottom of the cleaning plate (111), and the flexible cleaning strips correspond to the water outlet on the outside of the water cap (21).

8. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the contact block (113) and the contact groove (112) are both designed as arc-shaped structures, and the arc-shaped structure of the contact block (113) is smaller than that of the contact groove (112).

9. The multi-stage adsorption purification device for rare earth wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption purification column (1) has an upper port at the upper end and a lower port at the lower end. Both the upper and lower ports of the adsorption purification column (1) are equipped with diversion pipes. The upper port diversion pipe is provided with a wastewater addition end and a flushing wastewater discharge end, and the lower port diversion pipe is provided with a cleaning liquid addition end and a purified water discharge end.

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