An activated carbon filter sewage treatment device for industrial waste liquid treatment

Abstract

The present application relates to sewage treatment technical field, specifically is related to a kind of activated carbon filter sewage treatment device for industrial waste liquid treatment, including the activated carbon filter device being installed in waste liquid treatment tank outlet end, it is characterized in that, activated carbon filter device includes material changing cleaning device, activated carbon extrusion device, water outlet pipeline, closure valve, spiral drainage device;Material changing cleaning device is installed in the inside of waste liquid treatment tank, and the axial position of material changing cleaning device is equipped with flow channel;Closure valve is fixedly installed in the input end of flow channel;Water outlet pipeline is fixedly installed in the output end of flow channel;Activated carbon extrusion device is installed in flow channel, and activated carbon extrusion device is used to extrude activated carbon particles in material changing cleaning device;Spiral drainage device is installed in the inside of flow channel, and the working end of spiral drainage device is arranged above activated carbon extrusion device, the present application effectively prolongs activated carbon service life and reduces filtration cost, while automatically changing material without stopping machine disassembly and saving manpower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically to an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of industrial wastewater treatment, activated carbon adsorption is widely used in the purification of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals due to its advantages such as large adsorption capacity, strong adaptability, and simple operation. Activated carbon, with its abundant pore structure and surface active sites, can efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in wastewater, achieving water quality standards.

[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN120247324B discloses an activated carbon filtration device for water treatment and its usage method. The device includes a movable frame and a treatment section located at the top of the movable frame, with its bottom fixedly connected to the frame. The treatment section is used for fine filtration of heavy metals in wastewater. A filtration section is located above the treatment section and fixedly connected to the movable frame. The filtration section is used to filter larger impurities in the wastewater, reducing the probability of impurities entering the treatment section. The cooperation between the treatment section and the filtration section can pre-treat larger impurities in the wastewater. Hydrochloric acid entering the treatment section decomposes heavy metals on the activated carbon plates, causing them to detach from the activated carbon plates. This ensures the activated carbon plates can continuously filter industrial wastewater, reducing the workload of replacing and regenerating the activated carbon plates and improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

[0004] Under long-term continuous processing conditions, heavy metal ions gradually penetrate deep into the pores of activated carbon, leading to deep adsorption and pore blockage. Conventional acid washing and regeneration methods are insufficient to completely desorb and separate the deeply adsorbed heavy metals, easily causing permanent deactivation of the activated carbon adsorption sites. Even cleaning and unclogging the activated carbon plates with hydrochloric acid solution can only temporarily restore their surface adsorption performance, failing to eradicate the problems of deep adsorption and structural damage. As the service life extends, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon plates continuously declines, eventually losing its processing capacity completely and requiring periodic replacement. Existing activated carbon filtration devices mostly adopt a fixed, integrated installation structure. The activated carbon components are highly integrated with the equipment shell and piping system, resulting in limited space for disassembly and assembly, and a complex replacement process. This requires shutdown and disassembly of multiple components to complete the replacement, significantly increasing operation and maintenance costs and labor load, and causing interruptions in wastewater treatment processes, affecting the continuity of industrial production. At the same time, the replacement of activated carbon plates is prone to problems such as waste liquid leakage and impurity scattering, increasing the risk of secondary pollution and failing to meet the actual needs of efficient, continuous, and low-cost treatment of industrial wastewater. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment is provided. This activated carbon filtration device can effectively extend the service life of activated carbon and reduce filtration costs. At the same time, automatic material replacement eliminates the need for machine shutdown and disassembly, saving manpower. To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment, comprising an activated carbon filtration device installed at the outlet end of a wastewater treatment tank. The activated carbon filtration device includes a material replacement and cleaning device, an activated carbon extrusion device, an outlet pipe, a shut-off valve, and a spiral diversion device. The material replacement and cleaning device is installed inside the wastewater treatment tank, and a flow channel is provided at the axial center of the material replacement and cleaning device. The shut-off valve is fixedly installed at the input end of the flow channel. The outlet pipe is fixedly installed at the output end of the flow channel. The activated carbon extrusion device is installed in the flow channel and is used to extrude activated carbon particles from the material replacement and cleaning device. The spiral diversion device is installed inside the flow channel, and its working end is positioned above the activated carbon extrusion device.

[0006] Preferably, the material replacement and cleaning device includes a fixed mounting shell, a storage frame, a vibration motor, a synchronous shrinking device, a guiding feeding device, and a hydrochloric acid cleaning device; the fixed mounting shell has multiple adjustment channels inside, which are connected to the flow channel; multiple storage frames are provided, evenly distributed inside the adjustment channels, and the storage frames are slidably connected to the adjustment channels, with storage channels inside the storage frames; the vibration motor is fixedly installed inside the fixed mounting shell; the synchronous shrinking device is installed on the fixed mounting shell, and its working end is connected to the storage frame; the guiding feeding device is installed on the top of the fixed mounting shell; and the hydrochloric acid cleaning device is installed on the outside of the fixed mounting shell.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the fixed mounting housing is provided with multiple feed holes, which are connected to the adjustment channel. The outer side of the fixed mounting housing is provided with multiple first discharge channels, which are used to connect the adjustment channel and the hydrochloric acid cleaning device. A first sealing plate is installed inside the first discharge channel. The bottom of the fixed mounting housing is provided with a second discharge channel, which is used to connect to the hydrochloric acid cleaning device. A second sealing plate is installed inside the second discharge channel. The fixed mounting housing includes a first linear actuator for driving the first sealing plate to move up and down, and a second linear actuator for driving the second sealing plate to move up and down.

[0008] Preferably, the synchronous shrinking device includes a take-up rail, connecting ropes, a first rotary drive device, and push springs; the take-up rail is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixed mounting shell, and the inner wall of the take-up rail is provided with multiple storage slots and several transmission teeth; several connecting ropes are provided, one end of the connecting rope is connected to the storage slot, and the end of the connecting rope away from the storage slot is connected to the storage frame; the first rotary drive device is fixedly mounted inside the fixed mounting shell, and the output end of the first rotary drive device meshes with the transmission teeth; multiple push springs are provided evenly distributed on the adjustment channel, one end of the push spring abuts against the storage frame, and the end of the push spring away from the storage frame abuts against the adjustment channel.

[0009] Preferably, the guiding feeding device includes a rotating feeding block and a second rotating drive device; the rotating feeding block is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed mounting shell, and the rotating feeding block is provided with a guide groove, the bottom of which is provided with a discharge port; the second rotating drive device is installed inside the fixed mounting shell and is used to drive the rotating feeding block to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device includes a mounting shell, a cleaning inner tank, and a third rotary drive device; the mounting shell is fixedly installed at the bottom of a fixed mounting shell, a cleaning gap is provided between the mounting shell and the fixed mounting shell, the top of the mounting shell is provided with a feed port and a liquid inlet, the bottom of the mounting shell is provided with a liquid outlet, and a solenoid valve is provided on the liquid outlet; the cleaning inner tank is rotatably installed inside the mounting shell; the third rotary drive device is fixedly installed on the mounting shell, and the third rotary drive device is used to drive the cleaning inner tank to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the inner cleaning tub is provided with a limiting groove, in which an annular screen plate is slidably installed. The bottom of the annular screen plate is provided with a pusher frame for rotational connection. The inner cleaning tub includes a third linear drive for driving the pusher frame to move.

[0012] Preferably, the activated carbon extrusion device includes a first barrier screen, an annular nozzle, and a docking extrusion device; the first barrier screen is fixedly installed inside the flow channel; the annular nozzle is installed on the first barrier screen; the docking extrusion device is installed below the first barrier screen, and the working end of the docking extrusion device extends toward the first barrier screen.

[0013] Preferably, the docking extrusion device includes a pushing bracket, a second blocking screen, a fourth linear actuator, a movable pushing rod, and a buffer spring; the pushing bracket is slidably installed inside the flow channel, and the pushing bracket is provided with multiple pushing channels; multiple second blocking screens are provided and distributed on the pushing channels; the fourth linear actuator is fixedly installed on the outlet pipe, and the output end of the fourth linear actuator extends into the flow channel; the movable pushing rod is fixedly installed on the output end of the fourth linear actuator, and the movable pushing rod is slidably connected to the pushing bracket; the buffer spring is installed between the movable pushing rod and the pushing bracket.

[0014] Preferably, the spiral diversion device includes a fourth rotary drive device and a spiral impeller; the spiral impeller is rotatably installed at the input end of the flow channel; the fourth rotary drive device is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outlet pipe, and the output end of the fourth rotary drive device is connected to the spiral impeller via a transmission.

[0015] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. This invention effectively solves the technical problem of heavy metal ions penetrating deep into the pores of activated carbon under long-term continuous operation, leading to adsorption site deactivation and continuous decline in adsorption capacity. It significantly improves the efficiency and stability of industrial wastewater treatment. The activated carbon extrusion device compresses loose activated carbon particles into a dense, compressed filter layer, greatly increasing the contact area between the activated carbon and the wastewater, enhancing the adsorption efficiency of heavy metal ions in the wastewater. Simultaneously, the spiral flow device accelerates wastewater drainage, preventing filtration efficiency decline due to poor flow. Addressing the issue of activated carbon adsorption saturation, an automatic regeneration and material replacement device is used. The on / off control of the closed valve prevents wastewater leakage and secondary pollution during regeneration. Furthermore, the loose, saturated activated carbon particles can fully contact the hydrochloric acid solution, allowing the hydrochloric acid to penetrate deep into the pores, achieving efficient desorption of heavy metal ions, thoroughly removing pore blockages, restoring the adsorption activity of the activated carbon, and extending its service life. Automatic material replacement eliminates the need for machine shutdown and disassembly, avoiding interruptions in the wastewater treatment process and balancing treatment efficiency and continuity.

[0016] 2. This invention optimizes the installation and maintenance structure of activated carbon components, solving the technical problems of high integration of activated carbon components with equipment, complex disassembly and assembly, high maintenance costs, and easy generation of secondary pollution in existing devices. It meets the practical needs of low-cost, continuous treatment of industrial wastewater. The material replacement and cleaning device achieves synchronous displacement of multiple sets of storage frames through the coordinated action of the fixed installation shell, storage frame, and synchronous shrinkage device. Combined with the vibration motor, it effectively prevents activated carbon particles from clumping and clogging, ensuring a stable and efficient loading and unloading process. The replacement and replenishment of activated carbon particles can be completed without manual disassembly of the equipment, significantly reducing the manual maintenance load and costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Planar sectional view at section AA.

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of section AA in the middle.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a side view of an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Planar sectional view at section BB.

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the BB section.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the material replacement and cleaning device in an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the winding rail in an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to the present invention.

[0027] The numbers on the map are: 1. Waste liquid treatment tank; 2. Material replacement and cleaning device; 21. Flow channel; 22. Fixed mounting shell; 221. Adjustment channel; 222. Feed hole; 223. First discharge channel; 224. First sealing plate; 225. First linear actuator; 226. Second discharge channel; 227. Second sealing plate; 228. Second linear actuator; 23. Storage frame; 24. Vibration motor; 25. Synchronous retraction device; 251. Rewind rail; 2511. Storage trough; 2512. Transmission gear; 252. Connecting rope; 253. Push spring; 26. Guide feeding device; 261. Rotary feeding block; 2611. Guide trough; 2612. Discharge port; 27. Hydrochloric acid cleaning device; 271. Installation exterior Shell; 2711, Feed port; 2712, Liquid inlet; 2713, Liquid outlet; 2714, Solenoid valve; 272, Cleaning inner tank; 2721, Limiting slide groove; 2722, Annular screen plate; 2723, Pushing frame; 2724, Third linear actuator; 273, Third rotary drive device; 3, Activated carbon extrusion device; 31, First blocking screen; 311, Annular nozzle; 32, Docking extrusion device; 321, Pushing bracket; 3211, Pushing channel; 322, Second blocking screen; 323, Fourth linear actuator; 324, Movable pushing rod; 325, Buffer spring; 4, Water outlet pipe; 5, Closing valve; 6, Spiral diversion device; 61, Fourth rotary drive device; 62, Spiral impeller. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] See Figures 1 to 10 As shown, an activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment includes an activated carbon filtration device installed at the outlet end of a wastewater treatment tank 1. The activated carbon filtration device includes a material replacement and cleaning device 2, an activated carbon extrusion device 3, an outlet pipe 4, a shut-off valve 5, and a spiral diversion device 6. The material replacement and cleaning device 2 is installed inside the wastewater treatment tank 1, and a flow channel 21 is provided at the axial position of the material replacement and cleaning device 2. The shut-off valve 5 is fixedly installed at the input end of the flow channel 21. The outlet pipe 4 is fixedly installed at the output end of the flow channel 21. The activated carbon extrusion device 3 is installed in the flow channel 21 and is used to extrude activated carbon particles in the material replacement and cleaning device 2. The spiral diversion device 6 is installed inside the flow channel 21, and the working end of the spiral diversion device 6 is located above the activated carbon extrusion device 3.

[0030] The activated carbon filtration device is integrated into the outlet end of the waste liquid treatment tank 1. A flow channel 21 is pre-set in the central area of ​​the material replacement and cleaning device 2, serving as the core channel for waste liquid filtration and activated carbon particle conveying. A shut-off valve 5 is fixed to the input end of the flow channel 21 to control its opening and closing. An outlet pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the output end of the flow channel 21, responsible for guiding and conveying the filtered, compliant waste liquid. An activated carbon extrusion device 3 is built into the flow channel 21, its core function being to extrude the activated carbon particles conveyed to the flow channel 21 by the material replacement and cleaning device 2, forming a dense, compressed activated carbon filter layer, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency and filtration effect of activated carbon for heavy metal ions in the waste liquid. A spiral flow guiding device 6 is installed inside the flow channel 21, with its working end positioned above the activated carbon extrusion device 3, to accelerate the flow of waste liquid into the flow channel 21, preventing a decrease in filtration efficiency due to poor waste liquid flow and ensuring the stability of the waste liquid filtration process.

[0031] In the wastewater treatment stage, the industrial wastewater is first pretreated by the wastewater treatment tank 1 to remove larger particle impurities, reducing the probability of impurities entering the activated carbon filter layer and causing pore blockage, thus ensuring the effectiveness of subsequent heavy metal adsorption and filtration. The pretreated wastewater is discharged from the outlet of the wastewater treatment tank 1 and enters the flow channel 21 of the material replacement and cleaning device 2. At this time, the sealing valve 5 is in the open state, and the wastewater flows from top to bottom through the compressed activated carbon filter layer. The activated carbon particles, with their rich pore structure and surface active sites, efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions in the wastewater, achieving wastewater purification. The qualified wastewater after adsorption and filtration is guided to the designated treatment area through the water outlet pipe 4, completing a single filtration process.

[0032] As the filtration process continues, the activated carbon filter layer gradually becomes clogged with heavy metal ions due to long-term adsorption, leading to a continuous decrease in adsorption capacity, reduced filtration efficiency, and increased resistance to wastewater flow. At this point, the material replacement and cleaning device 2 automatically initiates the regeneration and material replacement process: First, the sealing valve 5 closes, cutting off wastewater flow through the flow channel 21 to prevent secondary pollution caused by wastewater leakage during regeneration; then, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 stops extrusion, releasing the compressed state of the activated carbon particles and restoring the saturated activated carbon particles to a loose state; next, the material replacement and cleaning device 2 transports the loose, saturated activated carbon particles in the flow channel 21 to a dedicated cleaning area, while simultaneously transporting pre-stored new activated carbon particles to a designated position in the flow channel 21; once the new activated carbon particles are in place, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 restarts, extruding the new activated carbon particles to form a dense activated carbon filter layer again. Then, the sealing valve 5 opens, and the device resumes normal wastewater filtration operations, ensuring the continuity of wastewater treatment.

[0033] During the cleaning and regeneration stage of saturated activated carbon particles, the replacement cleaning device 2 introduces hydrochloric acid solution into the cleaning area. Since the saturated activated carbon particles are in a loose state, the hydrochloric acid solution can fully penetrate into the deep pores of the activated carbon particles, reacting with the heavy metal ions adsorbed within the pores to achieve efficient desorption of heavy metal ions. This thoroughly removes the blockages within the activated carbon pores, restores the adsorption activity and pore structure of the activated carbon particles, and extends their service life. At the same time, the automatic replacement function of the replacement cleaning device 2 eliminates the need to stop the machine and disassemble equipment components, significantly reducing the manual maintenance load and costs. It also avoids interruptions in the wastewater treatment process caused by manual replacement, thus balancing the requirements of high efficiency, continuity, and low cost in wastewater treatment.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the material replacement and cleaning device 2 includes a fixed mounting shell 22, a storage frame 23, a vibration motor 24, a synchronous shrinking device 25, a guiding feeding device 26, and a hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27. The fixed mounting shell 22 has multiple adjustment channels 221 inside, which are connected to the flow channel 21. Multiple storage frames 23 are evenly distributed inside the adjustment channels 221, and the storage frames 23 are slidably connected to the adjustment channels 221. The storage frames 23 have storage channels inside. The vibration motor 24 is fixedly installed inside the fixed mounting shell 22. The synchronous shrinking device 25 is installed on the fixed mounting shell 22, and its working end is connected to the storage frame 23. The guiding feeding device 26 is installed on the top of the fixed mounting shell 22. The hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 is installed on the outside of the fixed mounting shell 22.

[0035] Under normal filtration conditions, each storage frame 23 is in the position where the regulating channel 221 and the flow channel 21 are connected. The activated carbon particles in the storage frame 23 are squeezed into a dense compressed activated carbon filter layer under the action of the activated carbon extrusion device 3, which is used for the adsorption and filtration of heavy metal ions in industrial waste liquid. At this time, the storage frame 23 remains stationary to ensure the stability of the filtration process.

[0036] When activated carbon particles reach adsorption saturation due to long-term adsorption of heavy metal ions and require replacement and regeneration, the replacement and cleaning device 2 initiates the replacement process: First, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 stops extrusion, relieving pressure on the activated carbon particles in the storage frame 23; then, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 starts, its working end driving multiple storage frames 23 to move synchronously along the adjustment channel 221, achieving coordinated displacement of multiple sets of storage frames 23; after the storage frame 23 moves to the preset feeding area, the adsorbed and saturated activated carbon particles inside the storage frame 23 fall to the designated cleaning area of ​​the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 by gravity, completing the feeding of the adsorbed and saturated activated carbon; after feeding is completed, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 continues to drive the storage frame 23 to move until the storage frame 23 moves directly below the guiding feeding device 26, the guiding feeding device 26 starts, quantitatively conveying the pre-stored new activated carbon particles into the storage channel of the storage frame 23, completing the replenishment of new activated carbon particles.

[0037] Throughout the entire feeding and replenishing process, the vibration motor 24 remains operational, generating stable vibrations that are transmitted to the fixed mounting shell 22 and the storage frame 23. This prevents activated carbon particles from clumping or clogging in the storage channel, ensuring the smooth feeding of saturated activated carbon particles. It also promotes the uniform distribution of new activated carbon particles within the storage channel, providing a guarantee for the subsequent formation of a dense filter layer by the activated carbon extrusion device 3, thus improving the stability and efficiency of the feeding and unloading process. After the new activated carbon particles are replenished, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 drives the storage frame 23 to move in the opposite direction along the adjustment channel 221 until the storage frame 23 returns to its original position where the adjustment channel 221 connects to the flow channel 21. The activated carbon extrusion device 3 then re-extrudes the new activated carbon particles within the storage frame 23, forming a new compressed activated carbon filter layer, ensuring the entire device quickly resumes normal filtration operations.

[0038] During the regeneration and cleaning stage of saturated activated carbon particles, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 is activated, introducing hydrochloric acid solution into its internal cleaning area. The saturated activated carbon particles are in a loose state, allowing the hydrochloric acid solution to fully penetrate into the deep pores of the activated carbon particles, reacting chemically with the heavy metal ions adsorbed within the pores. This achieves efficient desorption of heavy metal ions, thoroughly removing blockages from the activated carbon pores and restoring the adsorption activity and pore structure of the activated carbon particles. After the cleaning meets the standards, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 re-transports the regenerated activated carbon particles to the guiding feed device 26, which performs secondary feeding, enabling the recycling of activated carbon particles, effectively extending their service life and reducing maintenance costs.

[0039] See Figures 4 to 8As shown, the top of the fixed mounting shell 22 is provided with multiple feed holes 222, which are connected to the adjustment channel 221. The outer side of the fixed mounting shell 22 is provided with multiple first discharge channels 223, which are used to connect the adjustment channel 221 and the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27. A first sealing plate 224 is installed inside the first discharge channel 223. The bottom of the fixed mounting shell 22 is provided with a second discharge channel 226, which is used to connect the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27. A second sealing plate 227 is installed inside the second discharge channel 226. The fixed mounting shell 22 includes a first linear actuator 225 that drives the first sealing plate 224 to move up and down, and a second linear actuator 228 that drives the second sealing plate 227 to move up and down.

[0040] Under normal filtration conditions, the fixed installation shell 22 maintains structural stability, and each adjustment channel 221 is in communication with the flow channel 21. The storage frame 23 is stationary at the docking position of the adjustment channel 221 and the flow channel 21. At this time, the first sealing plate 224 and the second sealing plate 227 are both in a closed state, respectively sealing the first discharge channel 223 and the second discharge channel 226.

[0041] When the activated carbon particles reach adsorption saturation and the material replacement process is initiated, the synchronous shrinking device 25 drives multiple storage frames 23 to move synchronously along the adjustment channel 221 until the storage frames 23 are precisely aligned with the first discharge channel 223 on the outside of the fixed mounting shell 22. At this time, the first linear actuator 225 is activated, driving the first sealing plate 224 to move downwards and upwards, opening the first discharge channel 223. The adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles in the storage frames 23 fall due to gravity and are precisely guided into the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 through the first discharge channel 223, completing the discharge operation of the adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles. After the discharge is completed, the first linear actuator 225 is activated in reverse, driving the first sealing plate 224 to move upwards and upwards, re-closing the first discharge channel 223, preventing the hydrochloric acid solution or activated carbon particles in the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 from flowing back to the adjustment channel 221 through the first discharge channel 223, ensuring the normal cleaning operation of the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27.

[0042] After the adsorption-saturated activated carbon granules are fed, the synchronous shrinking device 25 continues to move the storage frame 23 along the adjusting channel 221 until the storage frame 23 moves directly below the feed hole 222 at the top of the fixed mounting shell 22, so that the storage channel of the storage frame 23 is precisely aligned with the feed hole 222; the guiding feeding device 26 is started, and the new activated carbon granules are quantitatively transported into the storage channel of the storage frame 23 through the feed hole 222, completing the replenishment of new activated carbon granules; after the replenishment is completed, the synchronous shrinking device 25 moves the storage frame 23 in the opposite direction along the adjusting channel 221 until the storage frame 23 is reset to the position where the adjusting channel 221 and the flow channel 21 are connected, and the activated carbon extrusion device 3 completes the formation of a new compressed activated carbon filter layer. At this time, the fixed mounting shell 22 keeps the on / off state of each channel stable, ensuring that the device resumes normal filtration operation.

[0043] During the regeneration and cleaning stage of saturated activated carbon particles, the first sealing plate 224 and the second sealing plate 227 of the fixed installation shell 22 are both in a closed state, ensuring that the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 is in a closed environment, ensuring that the hydrochloric acid solution reacts fully with the activated carbon particles, and achieving efficient regeneration of the activated carbon particles. After the cleaning meets the standards, the regenerated activated carbon particles are transported to the guiding feeding device 26 through a preset channel to complete the recycling.

[0044] When the saturated activated carbon particles no longer require regeneration and need to automatically exit the replacement and cleaning device 2, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 stops cleaning. Simultaneously, the second linear actuator 228 starts, driving the second sealing plate 227 to move downwards and upwards, opening the second discharge channel 226. Subsequently, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 drives the internal saturated activated carbon particles to the corresponding position in the second discharge channel 226. The saturated activated carbon particles are discharged through the second discharge channel 226 by gravity, realizing the automatic exit of the activated carbon particles from the replacement and cleaning device 2. After discharge, the second linear actuator 228 starts in reverse, driving the second sealing plate 227 to move upwards and upwards, re-closing the second discharge channel 226, preparing for the normal operation of the subsequent device.

[0045] See Figures 5 to 10As shown, the synchronous shrinking device 25 includes a take-up rail 251, a connecting rope 252, a first rotary drive device, and a push spring 253. The take-up rail 251 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixed mounting shell 22. The inner wall of the take-up rail 251 is provided with multiple storage slots 2511 and multiple transmission teeth 2512. Several connecting ropes 252 are provided. One end of the connecting rope 252 is connected to the storage slot 2511, and the end of the connecting rope 252 away from the storage slot 2511 is connected to the storage frame 23. The first rotary drive device is fixedly mounted inside the fixed mounting shell 22. The output end of the first rotary drive device meshes with the transmission teeth 2512. Multiple push springs 253 are evenly distributed on the adjustment channel 221. One end of the push spring 253 abuts against the storage frame 23, and the end of the push spring 253 away from the storage frame 23 abuts against the adjustment channel 221.

[0046] Under normal filtration conditions, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 is in standby mode, the first rotary drive device is not started, the winding rail 251 remains stationary, and the connecting rope 252 is in a slack state. At this time, the pre-compression force of the push spring 253 continues to act on the storage frame 23, pushing the storage frame 23 to move along the adjustment channel 221 towards the flow channel 21 until the storage frame 23 is precisely positioned and stationary at the connection position between the adjustment channel 221 and the flow channel 21, providing stable support for the activated carbon extrusion device 3 to extrude and form a compressed activated carbon filter layer, ensuring the stability of the filtration process.

[0047] When the activated carbon particles reach adsorption saturation, the material replacement and cleaning device 2 starts the material replacement process. This requires moving multiple storage frames 23 along the adjustment channel 221. Simultaneously, the synchronous shrinking device 25 starts working: First, the first rotary drive device starts, and its output end, through meshing with the transmission gear 2512 on the inner wall of the winding rail 251, drives the winding rail 251 to rotate in a preset direction. During the rotation of the winding rail 251, the storage groove 2511 on its inner wall guides and stores the connecting pull rope 252, ensuring that the connecting pull rope 252 is orderly wound into the storage area. On the trough 2511, the connecting rope 252 is pulled away from the end of the storage trough 2511 and moves synchronously. When the connecting rope 252 moves, it applies a pulling force to the storage frame 23 connected to it along the adjustment channel 221 away from the flow channel 21. This pulling force overcomes the pre-compression force of the push spring 253 and drives the storage frame 23 to slide synchronously along the adjustment channel 221, realizing the coordinated displacement of multiple sets of storage frames 23, ensuring that all storage frames 23 move synchronously to the preset feeding area, and providing a guarantee for the feeding operation of adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles.

[0048] When the adsorption saturated activated carbon granules have been fed and the storage frame 23 needs to be moved to the area below the feed hole 222 for replenishment, the first rotary drive device drives the take-up rail 251 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing multiple sets of storage frames 23 to continue to move synchronously along the adjustment channel 221 until all storage frames 23 are precisely moved to the area directly below the feed hole 222 at the top of the fixed mounting shell 22, achieving precise docking between the storage frame 23 and the feed hole 222, and ensuring the smooth progress of the new activated carbon granule replenishment operation.

[0049] When the new activated carbon granules are replenished and the storage frame 23 needs to be reset to the filtration working position, the first rotary drive device continues to drive the take-up rail 251 to rotate in the opposite direction, releasing the tension on the storage frame 23. At this time, the pre-compression force of the push spring 253 is released, continuously pushing the storage frame 23 to move along the adjustment channel 221 towards the flow channel 21 until the storage frame 23 is reset to the position where the adjustment channel 221 and the flow channel 21 are connected. Then the first rotary drive device stops working, the take-up rail 251 returns to a stationary state, and the synchronous shrinking device 25 returns to the standby state. Together with the activated carbon extrusion device 3, a new compressed activated carbon filter layer is formed, ensuring that the device quickly resumes normal filtration operation.

[0050] See Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the guiding feeding device 26 includes a rotating feeding block 261 and a second rotating drive device; the rotating feeding block 261 is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed mounting shell 22, and the rotating feeding block 261 is provided with a guide groove 2611, and the bottom of the guide groove 2611 is provided with a docking outlet 2612; the second rotating drive device is installed inside the fixed mounting shell 22, and the second rotating drive device is used to drive the rotating feeding block 261 to rotate.

[0051] Under normal filtration conditions, the feeding device 26 is in standby mode, the second rotary drive device is not started, and the rotary feed block 261 remains stationary. At this time, the discharge port 2612 of the guide trough 2611 on the rotary feed block 261 is misaligned with the feed hole 222 at the top of the fixed mounting shell 22, which prevents new activated carbon particles in the guide trough 2611 from accidentally falling into the feed hole 222. At the same time, it ensures that the guide trough 2611 can store a sufficient amount of new activated carbon particles in advance to prepare for subsequent material replacement and replenishment.

[0052] When the material replacement and cleaning device 2 enters the replenishment stage, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 drives multiple storage frames 23 to move along the adjustment channel 221 until the storage frames 23 are precisely moved to the bottom of the feed hole 222 on the top of the fixed mounting shell 22. After the storage channel of the storage frame 23 is precisely aligned with the feed hole 222, the feeding device 26 is guided to start working: the second rotary drive device is started, and its output end drives the rotary feed block 261 to rotate around the preset axis, driving the guide trough 2611 to rotate synchronously until the docking outlet 2612 at the bottom of the guide trough 2611 is precisely docked with the feed hole 222 on the top of the fixed mounting shell 22, thus completing the opening of the feeding channel.

[0053] After docking, the new activated carbon particles pre-stored in the feed trough 2611 slide down the feed trough 2611 by their own gravity, enter the feed hole 222 through the docking outlet 2612, and then fall precisely into the storage channel of the corresponding storage frame 23 below through the feed hole 222, realizing the quantitative replenishment of new activated carbon particles. During the replenishment process, the vibration motor 24 works continuously, and the vibration generated is transmitted to the rotating feed block 261 and the storage frame 23, which can prevent the activated carbon particles from clumping and blocking in the feed trough 2611, docking outlet 2612 and feed hole 222, ensuring a smooth replenishment process, and promoting the uniform distribution of new activated carbon particles in the storage channel, providing a guarantee for the subsequent formation of a dense compressed activated carbon filter layer by the activated carbon extrusion device 3.

[0054] After the storage frame 23 is replenished, the second rotary drive device starts in reverse, driving the rotary feed block 261 to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the guide trough 2611 to reset synchronously, causing the discharge port 2612 and the feed hole 222 to misalign again, closing the feed channel and preventing the remaining new activated carbon particles in the guide trough 2611 from falling further. Subsequently, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 drives the storage frame 23 to move in the opposite direction along the adjustment channel 221 to the filter working position, guiding the feed device 26 to stop working and return to the standby state. At the same time, the guide trough 2611 is replenished with new activated carbon particles to prepare for the next material replacement and replenishment.

[0055] In addition, after the adsorption saturated activated carbon particles are regenerated to the standard by the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27, the regenerated activated carbon particles are transported to the feed trough 2611 of the guiding feed device 26. The guiding feed device 26 completes the secondary feeding of the regenerated activated carbon particles according to the above-mentioned feeding process, realizing the recycling of activated carbon particles, effectively extending the service life of activated carbon particles, and reducing the operation and maintenance cost of the device.

[0056] See Figures 4 to 8As shown, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 includes a mounting housing 271, a cleaning inner tank 272, and a third rotary drive device 273. The mounting housing 271 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed mounting housing 22, and a cleaning gap is provided between the mounting housing 271 and the fixed mounting housing 22. The top of the mounting housing 271 is provided with a feeding port 2711 and a liquid filling port 2712, and the bottom of the mounting housing 271 is provided with a liquid outlet 2713, on which a solenoid valve 2714 is provided. The cleaning inner tank 272 is rotatably installed inside the mounting housing 271. The third rotary drive device 273 is fixedly installed on the mounting housing 271 and is used to drive the cleaning inner tank 272 to rotate.

[0057] The feeding port 2711 on the top of the housing 271 facilitates the addition of new activated carbon particles into the feed guide device 26.

[0058] When the material replacement and cleaning device 2 enters the activated carbon regeneration and cleaning stage, the adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles fall into the cleaning inner tank 272 through the first feeding channel 223 of the fixed installation shell 22, completing the reception of the activated carbon particles to be cleaned; then, a quantitative hydrochloric acid solution is injected into the cleaning gap through the liquid inlet 2712 at the top of the installation shell 271. The hydrochloric acid solution fills the cleaning gap and wets the adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles in the cleaning inner tank 272, so that the activated carbon particles are in a loose hydrochloric acid solution wetted state, providing conditions for the desorption of heavy metal ions.

[0059] After the activated carbon particles and hydrochloric acid solution are in place, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 starts the cleaning operation: the third rotary drive device 273 starts, and its output end drives the inner cleaning tank 272 to rotate at a constant speed around the preset axis. During the rotation of the inner cleaning tank 272, the adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles inside move synchronously, so that the activated carbon particles are fully rolled and stirred in the hydrochloric acid solution, breaking the liquid film resistance on the surface of the activated carbon particles, ensuring that the hydrochloric acid solution can fully penetrate into the deep pores of the activated carbon particles, and react chemically with the heavy metal ions adsorbed in the pores, so as to achieve efficient desorption of heavy metal ions, thoroughly remove the blockage in the pores of the activated carbon, and restore the adsorption activity and pore structure of the activated carbon particles.

[0060] After the cleaning operation is completed, the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 stops cleaning, the third rotary drive device 273 stops working, the inner cleaning tank 272 returns to a stationary state, and the inner cleaning tank 272 conveys the regenerated activated carbon particles to the guide trough 2611 of the guide feeding device 26 to realize the recycling of activated carbon particles; if the waste hydrochloric acid solution needs to be discharged after cleaning, the solenoid valve 2714 at the outlet 2713 is activated to allow the waste hydrochloric acid solution in the cleaning interval to be discharged in a directional manner through the outlet 2713. After the discharge is completed, the solenoid valve 2714 is closed to prepare for the next cleaning operation.

[0061] See Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the inner cleaning tub 272 is provided with a limiting groove 2721 inside, and an annular screen plate 2722 is slidably installed in the limiting groove 2721. The bottom of the annular screen plate 2722 is provided with a pusher frame 2723 for rotatable connection. The inner cleaning tub 272 includes a third linear drive 2724 for driving the pusher frame 2723 to move.

[0062] When the material replacement and cleaning device 2 enters the activated carbon regeneration and cleaning stage, the adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles enter the cleaning inner tank 272 and fall onto the annular sieve plate 2722, where the annular sieve plate 2722 receives and carries the activated carbon particles. Subsequently, hydrochloric acid solution is injected into the cleaning gap through the liquid inlet 2712 to wet the activated carbon particles in the cleaning inner tank 272, so that the activated carbon particles are in a loose wetted state, preparing for the subsequent desorption of heavy metal ions.

[0063] When the hydrochloric acid cleaning device 27 starts the cleaning operation, the third rotary drive device 273 drives the inner cleaning tank 272 to rotate at a constant speed around the preset axis. Since the annular sieve plate 2722 is linked with the inner cleaning tank 272 through the limiting slide groove 2721, the rotation of the inner cleaning tank 272 will drive the annular sieve plate 2722 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the adsorbed saturated activated carbon particles supported on the annular sieve plate 2722 to move synchronously. During the rotation of the annular sieve plate 2722, the activated carbon particles are fully rolled and stirred in the hydrochloric acid solution, breaking the liquid film resistance on the surface of the activated carbon particles, ensuring that the hydrochloric acid solution can fully penetrate into the deep pores of the activated carbon particles, and react chemically with the heavy metal ions adsorbed in the pores, thereby achieving efficient desorption of heavy metal ions, thoroughly removing the blockages in the pores of the activated carbon, restoring the adsorption activity and pore structure of the activated carbon particles, and improving the cleaning and regeneration effect.

[0064] After the cleaning operation is completed, the third rotary drive device 273 stops working, and the inner cleaning tank 272 and the annular screen plate 2722 return to a stationary state. When it is necessary to transport the regenerated activated carbon particles to the guide trough 2611 of the guiding feed device 26, the inner cleaning tank 272 starts the discharge process: the third linear drive 2724 starts, and its output end drives the pusher 2723 to move upward along the axis. The pusher 2723 drives the annular screen plate 2722, which is rotatably connected to it, to rise synchronously along the limiting slide 2721. The regenerated activated carbon particles supported by the annular screen plate 2722 rise synchronously until the annular screen plate 2722 moves to the preset position corresponding to the guide trough 2611 of the guiding feed device 26, and the discharge positioning is completed.

[0065] After the discharge positioning is completed, the annular screen plate 2722 rotates around the connection point with the pusher frame 2723. The supporting surface of the annular screen plate 2722 is inclined. The regenerated activated carbon particles on the annular screen plate 2722 slide down the inclined surface by gravity and are accurately guided into the guide trough 2611 of the guide feeding device 26, completing the directional conveying of the regenerated activated carbon particles and providing a guarantee for subsequent secondary feeding and recycling. After the discharge is completed, the third linear drive 2724 starts in reverse, driving the pusher frame 2723 and the annular screen plate 2722 to descend in reverse along the limiting slide 2721 and reset to the initial position of the cleaning operation, preparing for the next reception and cleaning of activated carbon particles.

[0066] See Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 includes a first barrier screen 31, an annular nozzle 311, and a docking extrusion device 32; the first barrier screen 31 is fixedly installed inside the flow channel 21; the annular nozzle 311 is installed on the first barrier screen 31; the docking extrusion device 32 is installed below the first barrier screen 31, and the working end of the docking extrusion device 32 extends toward the first barrier screen 31.

[0067] Under normal filtration conditions, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 drives multiple storage frames 23 to reset along the adjustment channel 221 and move to the designated position in the flow channel 21. At this time, the storage frames 23 are precisely positioned and stationary between the first barrier screen 31 and the docking extrusion device 32. The storage channel of the storage frame 23 is precisely docked with the working end of the first barrier screen 31 and the docking extrusion device 32, preparing for the extrusion molding of activated carbon particles.

[0068] Once the storage frame 23 is in place, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 starts the extrusion operation: the docking extrusion device 32 starts, and its working end extends axially along the flow channel 21 toward the first blocking screen 31, applying a uniform and stable extrusion force to the loose activated carbon particles in the storage channel of the storage frame 23; at the same time, the first blocking screen 31 acts as a reverse barrier to the activated carbon particles in the storage channel, restricting the upward movement of the activated carbon particles, so that the loose activated carbon particles are compressed into a dense compressed activated carbon filter layer under the combined action of extrusion force and barrier force, improving the pore density and surface active site utilization of the activated carbon particles, and ensuring the efficient adsorption of heavy metal ions in the subsequent waste liquid filtration process.

[0069] During the industrial wastewater filtration process, the wastewater flows from top to bottom through the first barrier screen 31 and the activated carbon filter layer below it. The first barrier screen 31 can intercept fine impurities in the wastewater that have not been removed by pretreatment, while preventing the particles of the activated carbon filter layer from being lost with the wastewater. To avoid fine impurities and a small amount of activated carbon particles adhering to the surface of the first barrier screen 31, which would cause the screen to become clogged and affect the flow efficiency of the wastewater, the annular spray pipe 311 is activated periodically to deliver a quantitative amount of cleaning liquid to the surface of the first barrier screen 31. The cleaning liquid can flush away the impurities and activated carbon particles adhering to the screen surface, remove the blockage in time, ensure the permeability of the first barrier screen 31, and ensure the continuity and stability of the wastewater filtration process.

[0070] See Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the docking extrusion device 32 includes a pushing bracket 321, a second blocking screen 322, a fourth linear actuator 323, a movable pushing rod 324, and a buffer spring 325. The pushing bracket 321 is slidably installed inside the flow channel 21, and multiple pushing channels 3211 are provided on the pushing bracket 321. Multiple second blocking screens 322 are provided and distributed on the pushing channels 3211. The fourth linear actuator 323 is fixedly installed on the water outlet pipe 4, and the output end of the fourth linear actuator 323 extends into the flow channel 21. The movable pushing rod 324 is fixedly installed on the output end of the fourth linear actuator 323, and the movable pushing rod 324 is slidably connected to the pushing bracket 321. The buffer spring 325 is installed between the movable pushing rod 324 and the pushing bracket 321.

[0071] Under normal filtration conditions, the synchronous shrinkage device 25 drives multiple storage frames 23 to reset along the adjustment channel 221 and move precisely to the designated position in the flow channel 21, so that the storage frames 23 are stationary between the first blocking screen 31 and the docking extrusion device 32. The storage channel of the storage frame 23 is precisely aligned with the pushing channel 3211 on the pushing bracket 321. At this time, the docking extrusion device 32 is in standby mode, the fourth linear drive 323 is not started, the movable pushing rod 324 remains stationary, the buffer spring 325 maintains the pre-compression state, and the pushing bracket 321 is in the initial low position, ready for subsequent extrusion operations.

[0072] When the storage frame 23 is in place and the loose activated carbon particles inside need to be squeezed, the extrusion device 32 starts the extrusion operation: the fourth linear drive 323 starts, and its output end extends axially along the flow channel 21 toward the first barrier screen 31, driving the movable push rod 324 fixedly connected to it to move upward synchronously; during the movement of the movable push rod 324, it applies axial thrust to the buffer spring 325, and the buffer spring 325 buffers and transmits the thrust to the push support 321, driving the push support 321 to move upward axially along the flow channel 21; during the rise of the push support 321, multiple push channels 3211 on its surface are simultaneously inserted into the corresponding storage channels of the storage frame 23, realizing the precise docking of the push structure and the storage channel; as the push support 321 continues to rise, the second barrier screen 322 in the push channel 3211 contacts the loose activated carbon particles in the storage channel and applies a uniform and stable extrusion force to them.

[0073] During the extrusion process, the buffer spring 325 continuously plays a buffering role, absorbing the instantaneous impact force during the pushing process. This prevents the activated carbon particle pore structure from being damaged and the adsorption activity from decreasing due to excessive driving force of the fourth linear actuator 323. At the same time, it can prevent the storage frame 23 from deforming due to excessive instantaneous force, ensuring the stability of the extrusion process. Under the combined action of the pushing force of the second barrier screen 322 and the reverse blocking force of the first barrier screen 31 above, the loose activated carbon particles in the storage channel are compressed to form a dense compressed activated carbon filter layer, which meets the requirements of efficient adsorption of heavy metal ions in industrial waste liquid.

[0074] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the spiral diversion device 6 includes a fourth rotary drive device 61 and a spiral impeller 62; the spiral impeller 62 is rotatably installed at the input end of the flow channel 21; the fourth rotary drive device 61 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water outlet pipe 4, and the output end of the fourth rotary drive device 61 is connected to the spiral impeller 62 in a transmission connection.

[0075] After the waste liquid treatment tank 1 completes the pretreatment of industrial waste liquid and removes larger particle size impurities, the pretreated waste liquid is discharged from the outlet end of the waste liquid treatment tank 1. At this time, the spiral diversion device 6 starts working simultaneously: the fourth rotary drive device 61 starts, and its output end drives the spiral impeller 62 connected to it to rotate at a constant speed around the preset axis. During the rotation of the spiral impeller 62, its blades generate axial thrust and centrifugal force on the waste liquid passing by, forming directional diversion power.

[0076] Under the action of this guiding force, the waste liquid is quickly guided into the flow channel 21, effectively accelerating the flow speed of the waste liquid and avoiding stagnation and accumulation of the waste liquid at the input end of the flow channel 21, thus reducing the flow resistance of the waste liquid. At the same time, the rotation of the spiral impeller 62 can make the waste liquid form a stable axial flow in the flow channel 21, ensuring that the waste liquid flows evenly from top to bottom through the dense compressed activated carbon filter layer formed by the activated carbon extrusion device 3, so that the heavy metal ions in the waste liquid can fully contact the surface active sites of the activated carbon particles, thereby improving the adsorption and filtration efficiency.

[0077] Specific working principle: The activated carbon filtration device is integrated into the outlet end of the waste liquid treatment tank 1. A flow channel 21 is pre-set in the central area of ​​the material replacement and cleaning device 2, serving as the core channel for waste liquid filtration and activated carbon particle conveying. A shut-off valve 5 is fixed to the input end of the flow channel 21 to control its opening and closing. An outlet pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the output end of the flow channel 21, responsible for guiding and conveying the filtered, compliant waste liquid. An activated carbon extrusion device 3 is built into the flow channel 21, its core function being to extrude the activated carbon particles conveyed to the flow channel 21 by the material replacement and cleaning device 2, forming a dense, compressed activated carbon filter layer, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency and filtration effect of activated carbon for heavy metal ions in the waste liquid. A spiral flow guiding device 6 is installed inside the flow channel 21, with its working end positioned above the activated carbon extrusion device 3, to accelerate the flow of waste liquid into the flow channel 21, preventing a decrease in filtration efficiency due to poor waste liquid flow and ensuring the stability of the waste liquid filtration process.

[0078] In the wastewater treatment stage, the industrial wastewater is first pretreated by the wastewater treatment tank 1 to remove larger particle impurities, reducing the probability of impurities entering the activated carbon filter layer and causing pore blockage, thus ensuring the effectiveness of subsequent heavy metal adsorption and filtration. The pretreated wastewater is discharged from the outlet of the wastewater treatment tank 1 and enters the flow channel 21 of the material replacement and cleaning device 2. At this time, the sealing valve 5 is in the open state, and the wastewater flows from top to bottom through the compressed activated carbon filter layer. The activated carbon particles, with their rich pore structure and surface active sites, efficiently adsorb heavy metal ions in the wastewater, achieving wastewater purification. The qualified wastewater after adsorption and filtration is guided to the designated treatment area through the water outlet pipe 4, completing a single filtration process.

[0079] As the filtration process continues, the activated carbon filter layer gradually becomes clogged with heavy metal ions due to long-term adsorption, leading to a continuous decrease in adsorption capacity, reduced filtration efficiency, and increased resistance to wastewater flow. At this point, the material replacement and cleaning device 2 automatically initiates the regeneration and material replacement process: First, the sealing valve 5 closes, cutting off wastewater flow through the flow channel 21 to prevent secondary pollution caused by wastewater leakage during regeneration; then, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 stops extrusion, releasing the compressed state of the activated carbon particles and restoring the saturated activated carbon particles to a loose state; next, the material replacement and cleaning device 2 transports the loose, saturated activated carbon particles in the flow channel 21 to a dedicated cleaning area, while simultaneously transporting pre-stored new activated carbon particles to a designated position in the flow channel 21; once the new activated carbon particles are in place, the activated carbon extrusion device 3 restarts, extruding the new activated carbon particles to form a dense activated carbon filter layer again. Then, the sealing valve 5 opens, and the device resumes normal wastewater filtration operations, ensuring the continuity of wastewater treatment.

[0080] During the cleaning and regeneration stage of saturated activated carbon particles, the replacement cleaning device 2 introduces hydrochloric acid solution into the cleaning area. Since the saturated activated carbon particles are in a loose state, the hydrochloric acid solution can fully penetrate into the deep pores of the activated carbon particles, reacting with the heavy metal ions adsorbed within the pores to achieve efficient desorption of heavy metal ions. This thoroughly removes the blockages within the activated carbon pores, restores the adsorption activity and pore structure of the activated carbon particles, and extends their service life. At the same time, the automatic replacement function of the replacement cleaning device 2 eliminates the need to stop the machine and disassemble equipment components, significantly reducing the manual maintenance load and costs. It also avoids interruptions in the wastewater treatment process caused by manual replacement, thus balancing the requirements of high efficiency, continuity, and low cost in wastewater treatment.

[0081] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment, comprising an activated carbon filtration device installed at the outlet end of a wastewater treatment tank (1), characterized in that, The activated carbon filtration device includes a material replacement and cleaning device (2), an activated carbon extrusion device (3), an outlet pipe (4), a shut-off valve (5), and a spiral diversion device (6). The material replacement and cleaning device (2) is installed inside the waste liquid treatment tank (1), and a flow channel (21) is provided at the axial position of the material replacement and cleaning device (2). The shut-off valve (5) is fixedly installed at the inlet end of the flow channel (21); The water outlet pipe (4) is fixedly installed at the output end of the flow channel (21); The activated carbon extrusion device (3) is installed in the flow channel (21) and is used to extrude activated carbon particles in the material changing and cleaning device (2); The spiral flow guide device (6) is installed inside the flow channel (21), and the working end of the spiral flow guide device (6) is located above the activated carbon extrusion device (3).

2. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material replacement and cleaning device (2) includes a fixed mounting shell (22), a material storage frame (23), a vibration motor (24), a synchronous shrinkage device (25), a guiding feeding device (26), and a hydrochloric acid cleaning device (27). The fixed mounting housing (22) has multiple adjustment channels (221) inside, and the adjustment channels (221) are connected to the flow channel (21); Multiple storage frames (23) are provided and are evenly distributed inside the adjustment channel (221). The storage frames (23) are slidably connected to the adjustment channel (221), and the storage frames (23) are provided with storage channels inside. The vibration motor (24) is fixedly installed inside the fixed mounting housing (22); The synchronous shrinking device (25) is installed on the fixed mounting shell (22), and the working end of the synchronous shrinking device (25) is connected to the storage frame (23); The feed guide (26) is installed on top of the fixed mounting housing (22); The hydrochloric acid cleaning device (27) is installed on the outside of the fixed mounting housing (22).

3. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the fixed mounting shell (22) is provided with multiple feed holes (222), which are connected to the adjustment channel (221). The outer side of the fixed mounting shell (22) is provided with multiple first discharge channels (223), which are used to connect the adjustment channel (221) and the hydrochloric acid cleaning device (27). The first discharge channel (223) is equipped with a first sealing plate (224). The bottom of the fixed mounting shell (22) is provided with a second discharge channel (226), which is used to connect the hydrochloric acid cleaning device (27). The second discharge channel (226) is equipped with a second sealing plate (227). The fixed mounting shell (22) includes a first linear actuator (225) that drives the first sealing plate (224) to move up and down, and a second linear actuator (228) that drives the second sealing plate (227) to move up and down.

4. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronous retraction device (25) includes a take-up rail (251), a connecting rope (252), a first rotary drive device, and a push spring (253). The take-up rail (251) is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixed mounting shell (22). The inner wall of the take-up rail (251) is provided with multiple storage slots (2511) and multiple transmission teeth (2512). Several connecting ropes (252) are provided. One end of the connecting rope (252) is connected to the storage groove (2511), and the other end of the connecting rope (252) away from the storage groove (2511) is connected to the storage frame (23). The first rotary drive device is fixedly installed inside the fixed mounting housing (22), and the output end of the first rotary drive device meshes with the transmission gear (2512); Multiple push springs (253) are evenly distributed on the adjustment channel (221). One end of the push spring (253) abuts against the storage frame (23), and the other end of the push spring (253) away from the storage frame (23) abuts against the adjustment channel (221).

5. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding feeding device (26) includes a rotating feed block (261) and a second rotating drive device; The rotating feed block (261) is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed mounting shell (22). The rotating feed block (261) is provided with a guide groove (2611), and the bottom of the guide groove (2611) is provided with a discharge port (2612). The second rotary drive device is installed inside the fixed mounting housing (22) and is used to drive the rotary feed block (261) to rotate.

6. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydrochloric acid cleaning device (27) includes a mounting housing (271), a cleaning inner tank (272), and a third rotary drive device (273). The mounting housing (271) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed mounting housing (22). A cleaning gap is provided between the mounting housing (271) and the fixed mounting housing (22). The top of the mounting housing (271) is provided with a feeding port (2711) and a liquid filling port (2712). The bottom of the mounting housing (271) is provided with a liquid outlet (2713). A solenoid valve (2714) is provided on the liquid outlet (2713). The inner cleaning tub (272) is rotatably mounted inside the mounting housing (271); The third rotary drive device (273) is fixedly installed on the mounting housing (271) and is used to drive the inner cleaning tub (272) to rotate.

7. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner cleaning tub (272) is provided with a limiting groove (2721) inside, and an annular screen plate (2722) is slidably installed in the limiting groove (2721). The bottom of the annular screen plate (2722) is provided with a pusher frame (2723) for rotatable connection. The inner cleaning tub (272) includes a third linear drive (2724) for driving the pusher frame (2723) to move.

8. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated carbon extrusion device (3) includes a first barrier screen (31), an annular nozzle (311), and a docking extrusion device (32). The first barrier screen (31) is fixedly installed inside the flow channel (21); The annular nozzle (311) is installed on the first barrier screen (31); The docking extrusion device (32) is installed below the first barrier screen (31), and the working end of the docking extrusion device (32) extends toward the first barrier screen (31).

9. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The docking extrusion device (32) includes a pusher bracket (321), a second barrier screen (322), a fourth linear actuator (323), a movable pusher rod (324), and a buffer spring (325). The pusher bracket (321) is slidably installed inside the flow channel (21), and the pusher bracket (321) is provided with multiple pusher channels (3211). Multiple second barrier screens (322) are provided and distributed on the pushing channel (3211); The fourth linear actuator (323) is fixedly installed on the water outlet pipe (4), and the output end of the fourth linear actuator (323) extends into the flow channel (21); The movable push rod (324) is fixedly installed at the output end of the fourth linear actuator (323), and the movable push rod (324) is slidably connected to the push bracket (321); A buffer spring (325) is installed between the movable push rod (324) and the push bracket (321).

10. The activated carbon filtration wastewater treatment device for industrial wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral diversion device (6) includes a fourth rotary drive device (61) and a spiral impeller (62). The helical impeller (62) is rotatably mounted at the input end of the flow channel (21); The fourth rotary drive device (61) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water outlet pipe (4), and the output end of the fourth rotary drive device (61) is connected to the spiral impeller (62) for transmission.

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