Multifunctional Environmentally Friendly Industrial Floor Concrete and Its Preparation Method

Abstract

This invention discloses a multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete and its preparation method, belonging to the field of building materials technology. The concrete uses silicate cement as the cementitious base material, compounded with three industrial solid wastes: steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black, along with coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, water, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer. This invention modifies the steel slag through a calcination-acidification-grinding process, fully leveraging the complementary and synergistic effects of the multiple solid wastes' physicochemical properties. This effectively replaces cement usage, reduces production costs and carbon emissions, and achieves high-value-added resource utilization of bulk industrial solid waste. The resulting concrete exhibits excellent compressive strength, wear resistance, crack resistance, and volume stability, while also possessing conductive, antistatic, and long-lasting dust-suppressing properties, making it suitable for the needs of industrial sites such as electronics, precision manufacturing, and warehousing. This invention realizes the resource reuse of solid waste, broadens the application avenues of solid waste in the field of floor building materials, and demonstrates significant environmental and economic benefits with broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, specifically to a multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial flooring, as the "invisible foundation" of industrial production spaces, has seen its application scenarios continuously expand, covering multiple fields such as automobile manufacturing, logistics warehousing, electronics factories, food processing, and heavy industry enterprises. Market demand continues to climb, with the Chinese flooring industry market size reaching 80 billion yuan in 2025. Among these, functional and green flooring has become the mainstream direction of industry development. Industrial flooring not only needs to withstand the harsh conditions of heavy loads, high-frequency friction, and chemical corrosion in industrial production, but also needs to meet environmental compliance requirements, while adapting to the personalized functional needs of different scenarios. It has become a key infrastructure for ensuring industrial production safety, improving production efficiency, and practicing the concept of green development.

[0003] Currently, while the industrial flooring industry is experiencing rapid development, existing industrial flooring products and technologies still face numerous technical bottlenecks and industry pain points that urgently need to be addressed. These challenges make it difficult to balance environmental friendliness, multifunctionality, and durability, severely restricting the application effectiveness of industrial flooring and the high-quality development of the industry. Specifically, this manifests in the following aspects: First, environmental performance fails to meet standards, making it difficult to meet usage requirements. Traditional industrial flooring often uses solvent-based epoxy materials, with VOC content as high as 300-500g / L. The large amount of volatile organic compounds released not only causes serious air pollution but also harms the health of construction workers and on-site personnel. Even when some companies launch so-called "environmentally friendly flooring," there is often an imbalance between environmental performance and usability. Either VOC emissions meet standards but basic properties such as wear resistance and compressive strength are insufficient, or basic properties meet standards but still have harmful residues, failing to achieve green and environmentally friendly practices throughout the entire lifecycle. Second, functionality is limited, adaptability is poor, and it cannot meet the needs of complex industrial scenarios. Modern industrial production scenarios present diversified and integrated functional requirements for flooring. For example, automobile manufacturing workshops need to simultaneously possess wear resistance, heavy pressure resistance, and antistatic properties; electronics factories need antistatic, antibacterial, and easy-to-clean properties; food processing workshops need antibacterial, corrosion-resistant, and odorless properties; and heavy industry enterprises need heavy load resistance, impact resistance, and moisture resistance. However, existing industrial flooring is mostly designed for a single function. For instance, ordinary epoxy flooring only focuses on wear resistance, antistatic flooring only focuses on conductivity, and antibacterial flooring only focuses on antibacterial effects. This makes it difficult to simultaneously meet the multifunctional integrated needs of multiple scenarios, leading many industrial enterprises to report "performance mismatch" in their flooring. This results in frequent problems such as ground depressions, scratches, sanding, excessive static electricity, and bacterial growth, which not only affect production efficiency but also increase flooring maintenance costs. For example, one automobile manufacturing company using ordinary epoxy flooring experienced ground depressions after three months due to the pressure of 50-ton equipment, with repair costs reaching 2 million yuan. Thirdly, there are shortcomings in basic performance, resulting in short service life and high maintenance costs. Existing industrial flooring commonly suffers from insufficient wear resistance, low compressive strength, poor adhesion, susceptibility to cracking, and tendency to sandblast. 35% of industrial floors develop sandblasting issues within 1-3 years of use, and 28% of logistics center floors develop scratches and potholes under high-frequency forklift traffic due to insufficient wear resistance. Annual maintenance costs account for 15%-20% of the total flooring investment. Traditional flooring materials have poor adhesion to the substrate, penetrating only 2-3mm, making them prone to delamination and peeling. Furthermore, most flooring designs lack scientific structural optimization, making them susceptible to cracking under temperature changes and heavy impacts, further shortening the floor's lifespan and increasing the company's production and operating costs.

[0004] In summary, current industrial flooring suffers from numerous problems, including substandard environmental performance, limited functionality, and weak foundation performance, failing to meet the core requirements of modern industrial production for flooring that is "environmentally friendly, multifunctional, durable, and standardized." Therefore, developing a multifunctional, environmentally friendly industrial flooring that balances environmental performance, adaptability to various scenarios, excellent foundation performance, convenient construction, and stable quality—overcoming existing technological bottlenecks, filling industry gaps, and meeting the high-quality development needs of the industrial sector—has become a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete and its preparation method.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: <First Aspect> Environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete, by mass fraction, consists of cement 23-40%, steel slag 10-15%, coal liquefaction residue 2-6%, tire pyrolysis carbon black 2-12%, coarse aggregate 15-25%, fine aggregate 10-20%, water 5-10%, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer 1-5%.

[0007] As one implementation, the concrete contains 23-32% cement, 3-12% tire pyrolysis carbon black, and the remaining materials are within their respective proportions.

[0008] As one implementation scheme, the concrete contains 26-27% cement, 4-5% coal liquefaction residue, and the remaining materials are within their respective proportion ranges.

[0009] In some embodiments, the concrete contains 15% steel slag, with the remaining materials falling within their respective proportion ranges.

[0010] In some embodiments, the concrete contains 9% tire pyrolysis carbon black, with the remaining materials within their respective proportion ranges.

[0011] As one implementation, the cement is silicate cement.

[0012] As one implementation scheme, the steel slag is the waste residue generated by steel enterprises during the steelmaking process.

[0013] As one implementation, the main components of the steel slag are calcium aluminum silicates (such as tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, etc.), which are rich in active CaO, SiO2 and Al2O3.

[0014] As one implementation scheme, the chemical composition of the steel slag, based on the mass percentage of oxides, includes: CaO content of 35.0%~55.0%, SiO2 content of 15.0%~30.0%, Al2O3 content of 3.0%~12.0%, FeO content of 5.0%~20.0%, Fe2O3 content of 2.0%~10.0%, MgO content of 2.0%~10.0%, and MnO content of 0.5%~4.0%.

[0015] As one implementation, the steel slag is modified steel slag.

[0016] As one implementation, the steel slag is steel slag that has been calcined and acidified.

[0017] As one implementation scheme, the method for preparing the modified steel slag is as follows: S11. Calcine the steel slag at 600~800 ℃ for 2~4 h; S12. Acidification treatment is carried out on the calcined steel slag. S13. The acidified steel slag is dried and ground into powder to obtain the modified steel slag.

[0018] As one implementation, the acidification treatment step is as follows: placing the calcined steel slag in 3% to 5% dilute sulfuric acid for acidification treatment for 1 to 4 hours.

[0019] As one implementation, in step S13, the drying temperature is 80~100 ℃.

[0020] As one implementation scheme, in step S13, the particle size of the modified steel slag is 20~50 μm.

[0021] As one implementation, the coal liquefaction residue is the solid residue produced after coal is extracted into liquid fuel through direct or indirect liquefaction processes.

[0022] As one implementation scheme, the coal liquefaction residue is mainly composed of carbonaceous organic matter and inorganic minerals (such as carbon black, aluminosilicates, sulfides, etc.), and is rich in fixed carbon, ash and active minerals.

[0023] As one implementation plan, the industrial composition of coal liquefaction residue by mass percentage is as follows: fixed carbon content of 40.0%~70.0%, ash content of 15.0%~40.0%, total sulfur content of 0.5%~5.0%, and the balance being volatile matter; The ash content, calculated by the mass percentage of oxides, consists of: SiO2 content of 5.0%~20.0%, Al2O3 content of 3.0%~15.0%, Fe2O3 content of 2.0%~8.0%, CaO content of 1.0%~6.0%, with the remainder being other ash minerals.

[0024] As one implementation scheme, the tire pyrolysis carbon black is a black solid residue produced after waste tires are subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis to extract fuel oil and steel wire.

[0025] As one implementation, the tire pyrolysis carbon black is mainly composed of amorphous carbon, rich in fixed carbon, ash and a small amount of active functional groups.

[0026] As one implementation scheme, the industrial composition of tire pyrolysis carbon black, by mass percentage, is: fixed carbon content of 70.0%~90.0%, ash content of 3.0%~15.0%, total sulfur content of 0.8%~4.0%, and the balance being volatile matter; The ash content, calculated by the mass percentage of oxides, consists of: SiO2 content of 1.0%~8.0%, Fe2O3 content of 0.5%~5.0%, CaO content of 0.3%~3.0%, MgO content of 0.2%~2.0%, with the remainder being other ash minerals.

[0027] As one implementation scheme, the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5~25mm, a crushing value of no more than 16%, a mud content of no more than 1.0%, and a needle-like and flaky particle content of no more than 15%.

[0028] In some embodiments, the coarse aggregate is crushed stone or pebbles.

[0029] As one implementation scheme, the fine aggregate has a fineness modulus of 2.3 to 3.0, a mud content of no more than 3.0%, and a mud lump content of no more than 1.0%.

[0030] As one implementation scheme, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer has a solid content of 15% to 40%, a water reduction rate of not less than 25%, and a retarding time of 2 to 8 hours.

[0031] <Second aspect> The preparation method of environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of modified steel slag; S2. Mix the solid materials, then add the liquid materials, and stir evenly to obtain the concrete. The solid material is cement, modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, tire pyrolysis carbon black, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate, while the liquid material is water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

[0032] As one implementation, the solid material mixing step is to first mix cement, modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black at a speed of 70-100 rpm for 30-40 seconds, and then add coarse aggregate and fine aggregate at a speed of 120-200 rpm for 60-80 seconds.

[0033] As one implementation, after the liquid material is added, the mixing speed is increased to 120~130 rpm for wet mixing, and the total wet mixing time is 60~90 s.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for preparing multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete that effectively utilizes solid waste raw materials such as steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black. These materials are rationally incorporated into the concrete system in specific weight proportions. Through the synergistic physicochemical effects between these solid waste raw materials, multiple benefits are achieved, including reducing production costs, promoting the resource utilization of solid waste, and significantly improving the overall performance of the floor concrete. Simultaneously, it endows the floor with exclusive electrical conductivity and dust suppression functions, adapting to the special needs of industrial sites. This is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Achieve efficient resource utilization of solid waste from multiple industries, resulting in significant environmental benefits. This invention organically combines and utilizes the physicochemical properties of three different types of solid waste: modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black, achieving the goal of solid waste resource utilization and turning waste into treasure. Specifically, the modified steel slag is produced from steel slag, a difficult-to-dispose-of solid waste from the steel industry, through specific processes such as acidification. The coal liquefaction residue is a byproduct of the coal chemical industry, and the tire pyrolysis carbon black is a product of waste tire recycling. These three are solid wastes / byproducts from different industries, and their physicochemical properties are complementary. The high calcium content of the modified steel slag can supplement the active calcium source in the concrete system, forming a stable skeletal structure with cement hydration products, thus improving the compressive strength and wear resistance of concrete. The carbonaceous components in the coal liquefaction residue can improve the toughness of concrete, reduce hydration shrinkage, and synergistically inhibit early cracking of concrete with the modified steel slag, while also refining the concrete structure. The internal pores, combined with carbon black, further reduce the probability of dust generation; the ultra-fine particle size distribution of tire pyrolysis carbon black can fill the gaps between modified steel slag and cement paste, significantly enhancing the system density, blocking the dust escape path, and achieving long-term dust suppression. At the same time, its conductive components can uniformly overlap to form a conductive network, giving the floor stable anti-static properties. The synergistic addition of these three components can achieve a "1+1+1>3" effect, significantly improving the wear resistance, crack resistance, and impact resistance of concrete. It also adds the dual functions of anti-static conductivity and dust suppression and dust generation, avoiding the performance shortcomings caused by the addition of a single solid waste, and realizing the joint disposal of solid waste from multiple industries.

[0035] (2) Reduce production costs and decrease energy consumption and carbon emissions. This invention, through the synergistic physicochemical effects among various solid waste raw materials, can effectively replace a portion of cement usage, alleviating the excessive consumption of natural resources and energy in cement production, reducing the high energy consumption and high pollution problems caused by cement production, and gradually eliminating the environmental pollution problems caused by the large-scale accumulation of waste such as steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and carbon black derived from waste tires. While reducing concrete production costs, it also reduces carbon emissions, solving the environmental problem of solid waste accumulation and optimizing the performance of concrete, resulting in significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0036] (3) Significantly improves the overall mechanical properties of concrete and enhances its service durability. The steel slag used in this invention is preferably acid-modified steel slag. After acid treatment, the reactivity of its rich calcium and silicon components is effectively activated, reducing the content of free calcium oxide and free magnesium oxide in the steel slag and avoiding the defects of unmodified steel slag that easily lead to concrete cracking. The modified steel slag is rich in active components such as calcium and silicon, which can undergo a secondary reaction with cement hydration products during hydration to generate stable hydrated calcium silicate gel. This not only effectively replaces part of the cement usage, reducing production costs, but also improves the compressive strength and wear resistance of concrete by filling internal pores, alleviating shrinkage stress in cement-based materials. The carbonaceous components in the coal liquefaction residue can fill the tiny pores inside the concrete, optimizing the internal structure. Simultaneously, its inert nature reduces heat release during concrete hydration, lowering the risk of cracking caused by temperature stress. Together with the modified steel slag, this further enhances the volume stability of the concrete. By adding steel slag and coal liquefaction residue to concrete, a synergistic and complementary effect can be achieved.

[0037] (4) Give the flooring exclusive functions to adapt to the special needs of industrial sites. Adding tire pyrolysis carbon black to concrete allows its nano-sized carbon black particles to be uniformly dispersed in the cement paste. On one hand, this enhances the adhesion between the paste and aggregate, reduces the generation of interfacial cracks, and blocks dust-generating channels on the ground, thus preventing dust generation and pollution problems during industrial flooring use and keeping the site clean. On the other hand, its own conductive properties can create a continuous conductive path, giving the concrete stable conductivity and effectively eliminating static electricity accumulation in industrial sites. This meets the anti-static requirements of electronic, precision manufacturing, and warehousing industrial scenarios. At the same time, its particle toughness can improve the impact resistance of concrete.

[0038] (5) Expand the application of solid waste and enrich the resource utilization pathways of solid waste. This invention rationally applies three types of solid waste—modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black—to the building flooring industry. The application of modified steel slag breaks through the traditional limitations of steel slag applications and solves the problem of poor compatibility of unmodified steel slag. It not only expands the application avenues of steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black in the building flooring industry and enriches the pathways for solid waste resource utilization, but also provides new ideas and solutions for solid waste resource utilization in multiple industries. In particular, it provides an effective path for the high-value-added utilization of steel slag in the steel industry and has broad promotional value.

[0039] In summary, the multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete prepared by this invention, through the synergistic effect of modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black, possesses excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, and crack resistance, as well as stable electrical conductivity and antistatic properties and long-term dust suppression and ash prevention effects. It is suitable for the use needs of various industrial scenarios, with lower production costs and more prominent environmental benefits. At the same time, it realizes the high added value utilization of steel slag solid waste, and has great application prospects. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several adjustments and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete, the raw materials for preparing this concrete are: By mass fraction, the components are: cement 23-40%, steel slag 10-15%, coal liquefaction residue 2-6%, tire pyrolysis carbon black 2-12%, coarse aggregate 15-25%, fine aggregate 10-20%, water 5-10%, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer 1-5%.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, P·O 42.5 cement is used, 300m 2 / kg≤Specific Surface Area≤370m² 2 / kg.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the modified steel slag is taken from the waste slag generated by steel enterprises during the steelmaking process (converter steelmaking, electric arc furnace steelmaking, etc.).

[0044] As an example, the modified steel slag used in this invention is mainly composed of calcium aluminum silicates (such as tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, etc.), which are rich in active CaO, SiO2 and Al2O3.

[0045] Furthermore, based on the mass percentage of oxides, the chemical composition of the modified steel slag is as follows: CaO content is 35.0%~55.0%, SiO2 content is 15.0%~30.0%, Al2O3 content is 3.0%~12.0%, FeO content is 5.0%~20.0%, Fe2O3 content is 2.0%~10.0%, MgO content is 2.0%~10.0%, MnO content is 0.5%~4.0%, and the balance is other components.

[0046] In the following embodiments, the chemical composition of the modified steel slag is as follows: CaO content is 46%, SiO2 content is 25%, Al2O3 content is 10.5%, FeO content is 6.5%, Fe2O3 content is 3.0%, MgO content is 3.2%, MnO content is 2.8%, and other components are 3.0%.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, coal liquefaction residue is the solid residue produced after coal is extracted into liquid fuel through direct liquefaction or indirect liquefaction processes (such as hydrogenation liquefaction and solvent extraction liquefaction).

[0048] As an example, the coal liquefaction residue used in this invention is mainly composed of carbonaceous organic matter and inorganic minerals (such as carbon black, aluminosilicates, sulfides, etc.), and is rich in fixed carbon, ash and active minerals.

[0049] Furthermore, by mass percentage, the industrial composition of coal liquefaction residue is as follows: fixed carbon content of 40.0%~70.0%, ash content of 15.0%~40.0%, total sulfur content of 0.5%~5.0%, and the balance being volatile matter; The ash content, calculated by the mass percentage of oxides, consists of: SiO2 content of 5.0%~20.0%, Al2O3 content of 3.0%~15.0%, Fe2O3 content of 2.0%~8.0%, CaO content of 1.0%~6.0%, with the remainder being other ash minerals.

[0050] In the following embodiments, the coal liquefaction residue composition is as follows: fixed carbon content of 55.0%, ash content of 27.5%, total sulfur content of 2.00%, and total volatile matter of 15.5%. The ash content, by mass percentage of oxides, is 12.5% ​​SiO2, 9.0% Al2O3, 5.0% Fe2O3, and 3.5% CaO, with the remaining ash mineral components accounting for 70.0%, and the particle size ≤0.15mm.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, tire pyrolysis carbon black is a black solid residue produced after waste tires are subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis (atmospheric pressure pyrolysis, vacuum pyrolysis, etc.) to extract fuel oil and steel wire.

[0052] As an example, the tire pyrolysis carbon black used in this invention is mainly composed of amorphous carbon (such as nano-sized carbon black particles), which is rich in fixed carbon, ash and a small amount of active functional groups.

[0053] Furthermore, by mass percentage, the industrial composition of tire pyrolysis carbon black is as follows: fixed carbon content of 70.0%~90.0%, ash content of 3.0%~15.0%, total sulfur content of 0.8%~4.0%, and the balance being volatile matter; The ash content, calculated by the mass percentage of oxides, consists of: SiO2 content of 1.0%~8.0%, Fe2O3 content of 0.5%~5.0%, CaO content of 0.3%~3.0%, MgO content of 0.2%~2.0%, with the remainder being other ash minerals.

[0054] In the following embodiments, the tire pyrolysis carbon black composition is as follows: fixed carbon content of 80.0%, ash content of 9.0%, total sulfur content of 2.40%, and total volatile matter of 8.60%. The ash content, by mass percentage of oxides, is 4.50% SiO2, 2.75% Fe2O3, 1.65% CaO, 1.10% MgO, and the remaining ash mineral components account for 90.00%.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the coarse aggregate is ordinary crushed stone or pebbles with a particle size of 5-25 mm, a crushing value of no more than 16%, a mud content of no more than 1.0%, and a needle-like or flaky particle content of no more than 15%.

[0056] Coarse aggregate has good strength and wear resistance, making it suitable for the high-load application requirements of industrial flooring.

[0057] In the following embodiments, the coarse aggregate is crushed granite with a crushing value of 9.6%, a mud content of 0.5%, and a needle-like and flaky particle content of 12.6%.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fine aggregate is medium-coarse sand with a fineness modulus of 2.3 to 3.0, a mud content of no more than 3.0%, and a mud lump content of no more than 1.0%.

[0059] The fine aggregate has a particle size distribution that meets the requirements of GB / T 14684-2022 Zone II gradation range, and the particle size distribution is reasonable.

[0060] Fine aggregates can form a good overlap structure with cement paste and solid waste particles, thereby improving the density of concrete.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a high-efficiency retarding polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a solid content of 15% to 40%, a water reduction rate of not less than 25%, and a retarding time of 2 to 8 hours.

[0062] In the following examples, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer used is a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer with a water reduction rate of 28.9%, a solid content of 16.2%, and a pH of 7.1, produced by China Construction Western Construction New Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0063] The preparation method of multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of modified steel slag; S2. Mix the solid materials (cement, modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, tire pyrolysis carbon black, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate), then add the liquid materials (water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer), and stir evenly to obtain multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solid material mixing method is as follows: cement, modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black are mixed and stirred first, and then coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are added.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solid material mixing step is to first mix cement, modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black at a speed of 70-100 rpm for 30-40 seconds, and then add coarse aggregate and fine aggregate at a speed of 120-200 rpm for 60-80 seconds.

[0066] In the following embodiments, the solid material mixing steps are as follows: first, cement, modified steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black are mixed and stirred at 100 rpm for 30 seconds; then, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate are added and stirred at 120 rpm for 70 seconds.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, after the liquid material is added, the mixing speed is increased to 130 rpm for wet mixing, and the total wet mixing time is 60-90 s.

[0068] In the following embodiments, after the liquid material is added, the wet mixing speed is increased to 130 rpm, and the total wet mixing time is 80 s.

[0069] The steps for preparing modified steel slag are as follows: S11. Calcine the steel slag at 600~800 ℃ for 2~4 h; S12. Acidification treatment is carried out on the calcined steel slag. S13. Dry the acidified steel slag at 80~100 ℃; S14. Grind the dried steel slag to a particle size of 20~50 μm to obtain modified steel slag.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, the acidification step involves placing the calcined steel slag in a 3% to 5% dilute sulfuric acid solution for 1 to 4 hours.

[0071] In the following embodiments, the preparation steps of the modified steel slag are as follows: S11. Calcine the steel slag at 700 ℃ for 3 h. S12. The calcined steel slag is acidified by placing it in 4% dilute sulfuric acid for 2 hours. S13. Dry the acidified steel slag at 90 ℃; S14. Grind the dried steel slag and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve. The material that passes through the sieve is the modified steel slag.

[0072] The preparation method of multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete is further illustrated below through several embodiments. The raw material ratios (by mass fraction) of each embodiment are shown in Table 1.

[0073] Table 1

[0074] In Table 1, Example 15 uses unmodified steel slag.

[0075] The samples prepared in each embodiment were subjected to performance tests, including abrasion resistance, crack resistance, impact resistance, volume stability, volume resistivity, and 28-day compressive strength. Abrasion resistance: The abrasion resistance test of the floor concrete was carried out according to the method in GB / T 16925-1997 "Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete and its Products (Ball Bearing Method)". Cracking resistance: The cracking resistance test of the floor concrete was carried out according to the method in GB / T 50082-2024 "Standard for Test Methods of Long-term Performance and Durability of Concrete". Impact resistance: The impact resistance test of the floor concrete was carried out according to the method in the standard "Fiber for Cement Concrete and Mortar" (GB / T 21120-2018).

[0076] Volume resistivity: Conduct resistivity tests on floor concrete according to the methods in JC / T "Test Method for Resistivity of Concrete" (draft for approval); 28-day compressive strength: The compressive strength test of the floor concrete was carried out according to the method in GB / T 50081-2019 "Standard for Test Methods of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete".

[0077] The test results for each embodiment are shown in Table 2.

[0078] Table 2

[0079] As can be seen from Examples 1 to 6, with the gradual increase of steel slag content, the amount of silicate cement decreases accordingly. The wear resistance and crack resistance of the prepared concrete show a gradually optimizing trend, the 28-day compressive strength fluctuates slightly, the conductivity remains non-conductive, and the overall performance tends to improve. In particular, Example 3 shows better performance, with a significant improvement over the pure cement sample of Example 1. That is, the ratio of steel slag and coal liquefaction residue content to cement content in Example 3 achieves a better balance, resulting in optimal synergistic performance of various concrete properties.

[0080] The test results from Examples 3, 7-10, 9, and 11-14 show that gradually replacing silicate cement with equal amounts of tire pyrolysis carbon black or coal liquefaction residue, i.e., as the amount of tire pyrolysis carbon black or coal liquefaction residue increases, the amount of silicate cement decreases accordingly. Under this mix design, the abrasion resistance, crack resistance, and electrical conductivity of the concrete all show a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing with the increase of filler content. The 28-day compressive strength generally shows a slight fluctuation, while the impact resistance shows a differentiated trend affected by the type of filler: when tire pyrolysis carbon black is used to replace cement, the impact resistance first decreases and then increases; when coal liquefaction residue is used to replace cement, the impact resistance first increases and then decreases. Overall, Examples 9 and 13 show the best performance in all aspects. In these examples, the proportions of steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black are balanced, the abrasion resistance and crack resistance of the concrete are significantly improved, the electrical conductivity reaches its optimal level, and the 28-day compressive strength remains at a high level, showing a greater improvement than Examples 1 to 6, and the overall performance is better.

[0081] As can be seen from Examples 3 and 15, steel slag, after modification, effectively improves the wear resistance, crack resistance, impact resistance, and 28-day compressive strength of concrete.

[0082] By rationally controlling the proportions of silicate cement, steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black, the synergistic optimization of various concrete properties can be achieved. The optimal proportions can be found in Examples 9 and 13, which exhibit balanced properties, excellent wear resistance, crack resistance, electrical conductivity, and high compressive strength, meeting the application requirements of environmentally friendly multifunctional floor concrete. Simultaneously, they achieve the environmentally friendly utilization of industrial waste such as steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black, thus achieving the dual goals of environmental protection and performance.

[0083] This invention discloses a multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of green building materials and solid waste resource utilization. This invention uses ordinary silicate cement as the cementitious base material, and synergistically introduces modified steel slag powder, coal liquefaction residue powder, and tire pyrolysis carbon black to form a multi-component composite cementitious system. It fully leverages the complementary properties of various types of industrial solid waste, and through scientific proportioning, obtains a multifunctional environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete. The prepared concrete possesses excellent crack resistance and superior dust resistance, effectively expanding the application scenarios of concrete industrial flooring. Simultaneously, it achieves high-value-added resource utilization of bulk industrial solid waste such as steel slag, effectively reducing cement consumption and carbon emissions. The raw materials are green and low-carbon, with stable sources and controllable costs. This invention features a simple process and strong adaptability; the prepared concrete can be widely applied to industrial plants in various scenarios, aligning with the concepts of green building materials and sustainable building development, and possessing significant environmental, economic, and engineering application value.

[0084] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly industrial floor concrete, characterized in that, By mass fraction, the components are: cement 23-40%, steel slag 10-15%, coal liquefaction residue 2-6%, tire pyrolysis carbon black 2-12%, coarse aggregate 15-25%, fine aggregate 10-20%, water 5-10%, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer 1-5%.

2. The concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that The steel slag is obtained by modifying the waste slag generated by steel enterprises during the steelmaking process.

3. The concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal liquefaction residue is the solid residue produced after coal is extracted into liquid fuel through direct or indirect liquefaction processes.

4. The concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tire pyrolysis carbon black is a black solid residue produced after waste tires are subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis to extract fuel oil and steel wire.

5. The concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that, The modification treatment is steel slag that has undergone calcination and acidification.

6. The concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one of the following technical features: A1. The coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5~25mm, a crushing value of no more than 16%, a mud content of no more than 1.0%, and a needle-like and flaky particle content of no more than 15%. B1. The fineness modulus of the fine aggregate is 2.3~3.0, the mud content is not greater than 3.0%, and the mud lump content is not greater than 1.0%. C1. The solid content of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is 15%~40%, the water reduction rate is not less than 25%, and the retarding time is 2~8h.

7. The concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one of the following technical features: A2. Based on the mass percentage of oxides, the chemical composition of the steel slag includes: CaO content of 35.0%~55.0%, SiO2 content of 15.0%~30.0%, Al2O3 content of 3.0%~12.0%, FeO content of 5.0%~20.0%, Fe2O3 content of 2.0%~10.0%, MgO content of 2.0%~10.0%, and MnO content of 0.5%~4.0%. B2. By mass percentage, the industrial composition of coal liquefaction residue is as follows: fixed carbon content of 40.0%~70.0%, ash content of 15.0%~40.0%, total sulfur content of 0.5%~5.0%, and the balance being volatile matter; wherein the ash content, by mass percentage of oxides, is as follows: SiO2 content of 5.0%~20.0%, Al2O3 content of 3.0%~15.0%, Fe2O3 content of 2.0%~8.0%, CaO content of 1.0%~6.0%, and the balance being other ash minerals; C2. By mass percentage, the industrial composition of tire pyrolysis carbon black is as follows: fixed carbon content of 70.0%~90.0%, ash content of 3.0%~15.0%, total sulfur content of 0.8%~4.0%, and the balance being volatile matter; wherein the ash content, by mass percentage of oxides, is as follows: SiO2 content of 1.0%~8.0%, Fe2O3 content of 0.5%~5.0%, CaO content of 0.3%~3.0%, MgO content of 0.2%~2.0%, and the balance being other ash minerals.

8. Concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that By mass fraction, the concrete contains 23-32% cement, 3-12% tire pyrolysis carbon black, and the remaining materials are within their respective proportions.

9. Process for the production of concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that Includes the following steps: The solid materials are mixed, then the liquid materials are added and stirred evenly to obtain the concrete. The solid materials are cement, steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, tire pyrolysis carbon black, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate, while the liquid materials are water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein: The solid material mixing steps are as follows: first, mix cement, steel slag, coal liquefaction residue, and tire pyrolysis carbon black at a speed of 70-100 rpm for 30-40 seconds; then add coarse aggregate and fine aggregate and mix at a speed of 120-200 rpm for 60-80 seconds.

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