Trichoderma-based fertilizer and method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a trichoderma spore fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of microbial compound fertilizers. The preparation steps of the trichoderma spore fertilizer are as follows: A1. pretreatment of a compost base material; A2. mixing the pretreated compost base material with biochar to obtain a mixture I; A3. inoculating trichoderma spore compound bacteria liquid into the mixture I, uniformly mixing, adjusting the moisture content to 58-62% by using wood vinegar diluent, and composting for 35-42 days. The compost base material comprises rice straw, rice husk, manure and shiitake mushroom residue. The biochar comprises any one or at least two combinations of bamboo charcoal, rice straw charcoal and rice husk charcoal. The trichoderma spore compound bacteria liquid is obtained by compounding bacillus subtilis and trichoderma harzianum. The trichoderma spore fertilizer prepared by the application can effectively promote crop growth and prevent and treat lettuce sclerotinia rot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial compound fertilizers, specifically to a Trichoderma fertilizer and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Trichoderma are a group of beneficial fungi widely found in soil. Due to their significant biocontrol activity, growth-promoting effects, and ability to regulate soil microecology, they have been widely used in the fields of biofertilizers and biopesticides. Studies have shown that Trichoderma can promote crop growth through various mechanisms, including but not limited to: secreting auxin-like substances such as indoleacetic acid, enhancing root vitality, improving nutrient absorption efficiency, inducing systemic resistance, and inhibiting the growth of soil-borne pathogens such as Fusarium and Rhizoctonia. Therefore, developing efficient and stable Trichoderma fertilizers is of great significance for achieving green agriculture, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and improving crop yield and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Trichoderma fertilizer and its preparation method to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0004] The technical solution to achieve the objective of this invention is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, the preparation steps of which include: A1. Pretreatment of composting substrate; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material with biochar to obtain Mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 58-62% with wood vinegar solution and compost for 35-42 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0005] Furthermore, the composting substrate comprises, by weight percentage, 35-45 wt% straw, 5-10 wt% soybean meal, 5-10 wt% rice husk, 20-30 wt% manure, and 20-30 wt% mushroom residue.

[0006] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the biochar to the pretreated compost base material is 1-5 wt%.

[0007] Furthermore, the biochar has a particle size of 0.2-5 mm and a pH of 8.43-9.11.

[0008] Furthermore, the concentration of the wood vinegar dilution is 0.6%.

[0009] Furthermore, the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:(1~2), and the amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.02~0.1 times the mass of the pretreated compost base material.

[0010] Furthermore, the spore content of the Bacillus subtilis liquid is (900~1100)×10 8 CFU / g.

[0011] Furthermore, the spore content of the *Trichoderma harzianum* solution is (15~25) × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a Trichoderma fertilizer, which is prepared by the method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer described in the first aspect.

[0013] Furthermore, the application rate of the Trichoderma fertilizer is 180~220 kg / mu.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the preparation of the Trichoderma fertilizer of the present invention, the compost base material is first pretreated by crushing, then the pretreated compost base material is mixed with biochar, then inoculated with Trichoderma compound bacterial solution, and finally the moisture content is adjusted with wood vinegar solution and composted. The compost base material includes, by mass percentage, 35-45 wt% straw, 5-10 wt% soybean meal, 5-10 wt% rice husk, 20-30 wt% manure, and 20-30 wt% mushroom residue. The Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution. The resulting Trichoderma fertilizer can effectively promote crop growth and prevent sclerotinia rot in lettuce. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To better understand the above technical solution, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the above technical solution in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0016] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Biochar is produced by high-temperature pyrolysis of rice straw at 450℃. The basic physicochemical properties of biochar are: pH 8.43 and particle size 1mm. Wood vinegar is obtained by condensing and recovering the gas generated during the pyrolysis of rice straw biochar when it drops to 25℃, and then filtering to remove impurities.

[0019] The straw used is rice straw; the manure used is cow dung; the mushroom substrate used is oyster mushroom substrate. Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum were purchased from Henan Wobao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with a viable count of 1×10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g; The preparation steps of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum solutions are as follows: Mix brown sugar and distilled water at a mass ratio of 1:10, then fill two 5L containers. Next, add 10g of Bacillus subtilis and 10g of Trichoderma harzianum to each of the two 5L containers, and activate at room temperature to obtain (900~1100)×10⁻⁶ solutions. 8 CFU / g Bacillus subtilis solution, (15~25)×10 9 Trichoderma harzianum solution at CFU / g.

[0020] Example A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following materials according to the mass percentages to obtain the compost base: 35-45 wt% straw, 5-10 wt% soybean meal, 5-10 wt% rice husk, 20-30 wt% manure, and 20-30 wt% mushroom substrate. Then, perform pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve. Soybean meal, as a high-quality nitrogen and protein source, provides essential nutrients for the rapid reproduction of microorganisms. Furthermore, the lysine abundant in soybean meal not only directly participates in plant protein synthesis, promotes cell division and root development, but also exerts multiple physiological effects under the synergistic action of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum: On the one hand, lysine can be converted by Bacillus subtilis into metabolites with resistance-inducing functions, activating the plant's defense enzyme system and enhancing its resistance to pathogen infection; on the other hand, Trichoderma harzianum can more efficiently synthesize plant growth hormones (such as indoleacetic acid) and siderophores in the presence of lysine, further promoting nutrient absorption and robust plant growth. The addition of soybean meal significantly enhances the promoting effect of Trichoderma fertilizer on crop growth and development, as well as its ability to control soil-borne diseases such as sclerotinia stem rot in lettuce. A1.3 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.5 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; the manure provides abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements; the mushroom residue itself contains a large amount of unutilized cellulose, lignin and abundant mycelial protein and metabolites, which can further regulate the carbon-nitrogen ratio and introduce a diverse microbial community to promote the composting process. Pre-treatment of composting substrate by crushing can refine the particle size of the composting substrate, increase the contact area between microorganisms and materials, accelerate the heating and prolong the high-temperature period, thereby more effectively degrading organic matter and killing pathogens and weed seeds. A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material with biochar at a mass ratio of 1:(0.01~0.05) to obtain Mixture I. The rich porous structure of biochar provides a habitat and protection for microorganisms, increases the aeration of the compost, regulates moisture, and adsorbs harmful gases such as ammonia, reducing nutrient loss. Adding biochar can significantly increase the number and activity of microorganisms in the compost. It can create favorable conditions for the colonization and reproduction of Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis, and may reduce their inhibition of functional bacteria by adsorbing harmful substances. Moreover, biochar itself is alkaline. After co-composting with organic materials, it can increase the pH value, cation exchange capacity and nutrient retention capacity of the compost product. It effectively improves the structure of acidic or degraded soil, enhances fertility and promotes the establishment of beneficial microorganisms. A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 58-62% with wood vinegar dilution and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 35-42 days. The maximum composting temperature is 40-60℃. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 4-6 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0021] Wood vinegar is a complex organic mixture obtained by condensing, recovering, and separating oil and water from the flue gas produced during the carbonization or dry distillation of wood and its processing residues. It is rich in chemical components, mainly including organic acids, alcohols, phenols, esters, carbonyl compounds, and furans, while also containing small amounts of alkaline components such as amines, methylamine, and pyridine, as well as various trace elements available to plants, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and iron (Fe). These components collectively endow wood vinegar with biological activity: organic acids and phenols have broad-spectrum antibacterial effects, effectively inhibiting soil-borne pathogens; trace nutrients directly participate in the construction and metabolic regulation of plant enzyme systems, promoting root development and nutrient absorption; and low concentrations of wood vinegar can also act as signaling molecules to activate plant defense mechanisms and enhance stress resistance.

[0022] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:(1~2). The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.02~0.1 times the mass of the pretreated compost base material.

[0023] This invention significantly enhances the plant growth-promoting and Sclerotinia sclerotinia-based composting process by adding soybean meal and rice husks to the composting substrate, mixing them with biochar, inoculating with a compound bacterial solution, and finally adjusting the water content with wood vinegar before composting. The synergistic effect of these multiple components significantly improves the plant growth-promoting and Sclerotinia sclerotinia-resistant effects of Trichoderma harzianum compost. Soybean meal, as a high-protein nitrogen source, not only provides abundant amino acids and soluble nitrogen for the rapid proliferation of functional microorganisms, but its lysine content also participates in plant metabolism and synergistically induces systemic resistance in Bacillus subtilis. Rice husks, rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, gradually degrade into a usable carbon source during composting, maintaining the long-term activity of microorganisms, improving the pore structure of the compost, enhancing aeration, and facilitating the colonization and metabolism of Bacillus subtilis. Biochar, with its highly developed pore structure and large specific surface area, provides stable attachment sites and a sheltered microenvironment for beneficial functional microorganisms such as Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis, effectively increasing their colonization density and survival time in the soil. This enhances the sustained activity of the microbial fertilizer. Furthermore, the surface of biochar is rich in oxygen-containing functional groups, which can adsorb and slowly release nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and various trace elements, improving rhizosphere nutrient supply and promoting rice root development and above-ground growth. Simultaneously, biochar can regulate soil pH, increase cation exchange capacity, optimize rhizosphere microecology, and inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms. More importantly, in controlling lettuce sclerotinia rot, biochar weakens the pathogen's infectivity by physically adsorbing the mycelia or spores of the pathogen, and synergistically enhances the antagonistic effect against the pathogen by working with cell wall degrading enzymes such as chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase secreted by Trichoderma. Using a 0.6% wood vinegar solution instead of ordinary water to adjust compost moisture not only provides a suitable humidity environment, but its active ingredients can also stimulate the growth and metabolism of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis, enhancing their enzyme production capacity and antagonistic activity, thereby strengthening the inhibitory effect on pathogenic microorganisms. This achieves comprehensive promotion of crop growth and effective control of lettuce sclerotinia rot.

[0024] Example 1 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 35wt% straw, 10wt% soybean meal, 5wt% rice husk, 20wt% manure, and 30wt% mushroom substrate. Then proceed with pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.5 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.01 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 58% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution. Then, compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 40 days, ventilating once every 3 days and turning the pile once every 4 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0025] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:1. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.02 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0026] Example 2 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 40wt% straw, 5wt% soybean meal, 5wt% rice husk, 25wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then proceed with pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.5 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.03 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 60% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 48 days. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 5 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0027] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.03 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0028] Example 3 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 45wt% straw, 5wt% soybean meal, 10wt% rice husk, 20wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then, perform pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.5 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.05 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 62% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution. Then, compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 42 days, ventilating once every 3 days and turning the pile once every 6 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0029] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.1 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 45wt% straw, 5wt% rice husk, 25wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then proceed with pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.03 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 60% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 48 days. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 5 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0031] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.03 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0032] Comparative Example 2 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 45wt% straw, 5wt% soybean meal, 25wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then, perform pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.03 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 60% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 48 days. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 5 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0033] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.03 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0034] Comparative Example 3 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 50wt% straw, 25wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then, perform pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.03 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 60% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 48 days. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 5 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0035] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.03 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0036] Comparative Example 4 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 40wt% straw, 5wt% soybean meal, 5wt% rice husk, 25wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then proceed with pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.5 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material and biochar at a mass ratio of 1:0.03 to obtain mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 60% with distilled water and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 48 days. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 5 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0037] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.03 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0038] Comparative Example 5 A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, comprising the following steps: A1. Weigh the following components by weight percentage to obtain the compost base material: 40wt% straw, 5wt% soybean meal, 5wt% rice husk, 25wt% manure, and 20wt% mushroom substrate. Then proceed with pretreatment as follows: A1.1 Dry, crush, and pass the straw through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.2 Dry, pulverize, and pass soybean meal through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.3 Dry, crush, and pass the rice husks through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.4 Dry the manure, remove impurities, grind it, and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A1.5 Crush the oyster mushroom residue and pass it through a 20-mesh sieve; A2. Inoculate the pretreated compost substrate with Trichoderma compound bacterial solution and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 60% with 0.6% wood vinegar solution and then compost aerobically in an artificial climate chamber at 26℃ for 48 days. Ventilate once every 3 days and turn the pile once every 5 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

[0039] Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:2. The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.03 times the mass of the pretreated compost substrate.

[0040] Comparative Example 6 The only difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 2 is that the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution was obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0041] Comparative Example 7 The only difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 2 is that the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution was obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:4.

[0042] Comparative Example 8 The only difference between Comparative Example 8 and Example 2 is that the Trichoderma compound solution uses only Trichoderma harzianum solution.

[0043] Example of effect Basic properties of soil in the experimental field (0-20cm): total nitrogen 1.91g / kg, available potassium 269.9mg / kg, available phosphorus 128.2mg / kg, available nitrogen 256.389mg / kg, organic matter 29.55g / kg, pH 7.29.

[0044] Lettuce was transplanted on October 13th and harvested on December 2nd. All treatments used single-ridge, double-row planting, with a row spacing of 30cm and a plant spacing of 35cm, resulting in 67,500 plants per hectare. This was combined with land preparation. 2 Apply 3000 kg of fully decomposed, high-quality farmyard manure, 50 kg of superphosphate, and 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer; the conventional topdressing method is to apply fertilizer per 667 m² after the seedlings have established themselves, combined with watering. 2 Apply 10 kg of high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer once during the rosette stage; strengthen topdressing management during the rosette and heading stages, combining it with watering. 2 Each crop was top-dressed with 15 kg of balanced water-soluble fertilizer; Trichoderma fertilizer was applied after the lettuce entered the heading stage. Twelve equal-area experimental plots were set up, with a fertilizer application rate of 5 kg / 667 m². 2 Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-8 correspond to the Trichoderma fungicide treatments, as well as the control group without Trichoderma fungicide application. Ten days after Trichoderma fungicide application, a 5-point sampling method was used, i.e., 5 points were sampled in each plot, with 20 lettuce plants investigated at each point, for a total of 100 lettuce plants sampled. The number of diseased lettuce plants in each treatment group was recorded, and the disease incidence and control efficacy were calculated for each treatment group. Disease incidence (%) = (Disease-affected plants / Total number of plants investigated) × 100; Control efficacy (%) = (Disease incidence in control group - Disease incidence in treatment group) / Disease incidence in control group × 100% Table 1 below shows the growth and yield of lettuce.

[0045] Table 1

[0046] Table 1 shows that the lettuce treated with Trichoderma fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 has better growth and yield.

[0047] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that soybean meal was not added to the compost base; the difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that rice husks were not added to the compost base; the difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that neither rice husks nor soybean meal were added to the compost base; the difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 2 is that distilled water was used to adjust the moisture content instead of wood vinegar dilution; the difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 2 is that biochar was not added; the difference between Comparative Examples 6-8 and Example 2 is that the composition and proportion of the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution are different. After comparison, the lettuce treated with Trichoderma fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 grew better and had a higher yield.

[0048] Table 2 below shows the control efficacy results for sclerotinia stem rot in lettuce: Table 2

[0049] Table 2 shows that the Trichoderma fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3, combined with conventional fertilization, has a good effect on the prevention and control of sclerotinia stem rot in lettuce.

[0050] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that soybean meal was not added to the compost base; the difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that rice husks were not added to the compost base; the difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 2 is that neither rice husks nor soybean meal were added to the compost base; the difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 2 is that distilled water was used to adjust the moisture content instead of wood vinegar dilution; the difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 2 is that biochar was not added; the difference between Comparative Examples 6-8 and Example 2 is that the composition and proportion of the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution are different. After comparison, the Trichoderma fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 has a better control effect on lettuce sclerotinia disease.

[0051] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer, characterized in that, The preparation steps include: A1. Pretreatment of composting substrate; A2. Mix the pretreated compost base material with biochar to obtain Mixture I; A3. Inoculate the Trichoderma compound bacterial solution into Mixing I and mix evenly. Adjust the moisture content to 58-62% with wood vinegar solution and compost for 35-42 days to obtain Trichoderma fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composting substrate comprises, by weight percentage, 35-45 wt% straw, 5-10 wt% soybean meal, 5-10 wt% rice husk, 20-30 wt% manure, and 20-30 wt% mushroom residue.

3. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the biochar to the pretreated compost base material is 1-5 wt%.

4. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochar has a particle size of 0.2-5 mm and a pH of 8.43-9.

11.

5. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the diluted wood vinegar solution is 0.6%.

6. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Trichoderma compound bacterial solution is obtained by mixing Bacillus subtilis solution and Trichoderma harzianum solution at a mass ratio of 1:(1~2). The amount of Trichoderma compound bacterial solution added is 0.02~0.1 times the mass of the pretreated compost base material.

7. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spore content of the Bacillus subtilis liquid is (900~1100)×10 8 CFU / g.

8. The method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The spore content of the Trichoderma harzianum solution was (15~25)×10 9 CFU / g.

9. A Trichoderma fertilizer, characterized in that, The Trichoderma fertilizer is prepared by the method for preparing Trichoderma fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The Trichoderma fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The application rate of the Trichoderma fertilizer is 180~220 kg / mu.

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