A system for in-situ pyrolysis carbonization and returning to field

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of straw in situ pyrolysis carbonization and returns to field integration system, and it is related to the technical field of agricultural engineering and biomass energy utilization.The system includes combustion chamber, cyclone dust collector and induced draft fan, the top of combustion chamber is provided with material inlet, the side is provided with ignition system, the inside is provided with adjustable guide plate and combustion grate, the guide plate is connected with the inner wall of combustion chamber by hinged member;The bottom of combustion chamber is connected with the top of cyclone dust collector through carbonization pipeline;The bottom of cyclone dust collector is provided with material outlet and discharge valve;The flue gas outlet at the top of cyclone dust collector is connected with induced draft fan through first pipeline, and is connected with the side of combustion chamber through flue gas recovery pipeline.By adjusting the angle of guide plate to control the amount of ignited material, semi-carbonization treatment is realized by carbonizing the surface of straw while keeping the original composition inside, flue gas is recycled to reduce emissions, reduce energy consumption, and accelerate the effect of soil improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural engineering and biomass energy utilization technology, specifically relating to an integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis and carbonization of straw and its return to the field. Background Technology

[0002] In-situ pyrolysis carbonization and returning straw to the field is a key means to achieve efficient utilization of crop straw resources, improve soil structure, enhance agricultural ecological benefits, and reduce carbon emissions. Its core principle is to use specialized equipment to perform in-situ oxygen-limited pyrolysis carbonization of straw in the field, converting the straw into stable biochar and returning it directly to the field, thus realizing the integrated operation of straw treatment and soil improvement.

[0003] However, although existing biomass carbonization equipment achieves complete carbonization of straw through high-temperature pyrolysis, it requires a large amount of heat energy during the complete carbonization process, which leads to a certain degree of energy waste. At the same time, the carbonization process generates a large amount of flue gas, which causes a certain degree of air pollution. Furthermore, the structure of completely carbonized straw is extremely stable, and its effect on soil improvement is slow. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention discloses an integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and return of straw to the field. The system features moderate to light pyrolysis (temperature range of 150-350 ℃), and achieves temperature control through a combustion chamber, air inlet, and oxygen supply pipeline. The residence time of the material is controlled through the carbonization pipeline.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: This invention proposes an integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and return of straw to the field, comprising a combustion chamber. The top of the combustion chamber has a material inlet, the side has an ignition system, and the interior has an adjustable guide plate and a combustion grate. The ignition system ignites only a portion of the material, generating a certain amount of flue gas to bake and carbonize the surface of the straw. The bottom of the combustion chamber is connected to a cyclone dust collector via a carbonization pipeline. Within the carbonization pipeline, the flue gas moves forward with the straw, removing overwintering insect eggs from the straw surface and thus killing the eggs. The bottom of the cyclone dust collector has a material outlet and a discharge valve. The flue gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to both an induced draft fan and the combustion chamber via a flue gas recovery pipeline, enabling the reuse of the flue gas.

[0006] The system works as follows: The ignition system ignites the material entering the combustion chamber, generating a certain amount of hot flue gas. The remaining material and flue gas simultaneously enter the subsequent process to bake and carbonize the surface of the straw. The flue gas moves forward with the straw in the carbonization pipe, removing overwintering insect eggs from the straw surface during this process, achieving an insect-killing effect. A cyclone dust collector separates the treated straw from the flue gas, and the flue gas is returned to the combustion chamber through a flue gas recovery pipe for reuse, reducing emissions and achieving heat circulation. By adjusting the angle of the adjustable guide plate, the mass of the ignited material can be controlled, thereby regulating the temperature and volume of the flue gas, achieving semi-carbonization (partial carbonization) of the straw. This allows the surface of the straw to be baked and carbonized while the interior retains its original components, saving energy, reducing emissions, and not affecting the decomposition of organic matter inside the straw by microorganisms.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the adjustable guide plate is inclined in the combustion chamber, and the angle formed between it and the material inlet is adjustable, thereby adjusting the mass of the ignited material and thus the temperature and volume of the flue gas.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the length of the connecting pipe can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the reaction time between the flue gas and the straw and the residence time in the pipe.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the carbonization pipeline includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section that are nested together, and the first pipe section and the second pipe section are fixed together by a locking mechanism. This adjustable-length carbonization pipeline structure can flexibly adjust the reaction time between flue gas and straw, adapt to different types of straw and processing requirements, and the locking mechanism ensures the reliability and sealing of the connection, preventing flue gas leakage.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the carbonized pipeline is connected to pipe sections of different lengths via flanges to adjust the total length. This method also enables the adjustment of the length of the carbonized pipeline, and the flange connection is easy to disassemble and reassemble, facilitating the replacement of pipe sections of different lengths as needed.

[0011] As a further technical solution, a temperature sensor is installed on the carbonization pipeline. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature changes in the carbonization pipeline in real time, providing operators with accurate temperature data. This allows for adjustments to the ignition system and the angle of the guide plate based on the actual temperature, ensuring that the straw is in the optimal semi-carbonization temperature range (300-350℃). This prevents the straw from being completely carbonized due to excessively high temperatures or from being under-carbonized due to excessively low temperatures.

[0012] As a further technical solution, an air inlet is provided on the side of the combustion chamber, and an adjustable damper is provided on the air inlet. The air inlet provides an additional air supply channel for the combustion chamber. By adjusting the opening of the damper, the amount of air entering the combustion chamber can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the combustion intensity and flue gas temperature. Combined with the adjustable guide plate, this enables precise control of the pyrolysis and carbonization process, meeting the processing needs under different working conditions.

[0013] As a further technical solution, multiple air supply lines are spaced apart along the length of the carbonization pipeline on its wall. These air supply lines are connected to the carbonization pipeline via connectors. The spaced arrangement of the air supply lines allows for the replenishment of air at different locations within the carbonization pipeline. This maintains the air required for flue gas combustion, ensuring a continuous pyrolysis effect, and also helps to purge the straw, preventing it from adhering to the pipe walls and causing heat loss. The connector connection method allows for the addition or removal of oxygen supply points or adjustment of oxygen supply positions as needed.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the combustion grate is a chain grate. The chain grate can realize continuous conveying and uniform distribution of materials, ensure the consistency of the residence time of straw in the combustion chamber, improve the uniformity of pyrolysis and carbonization, and at the same time, the chain grate has good air permeability, which is conducive to the gas flow during combustion and pyrolysis.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the cyclone dust collector is a multi-cylinder cyclone dust collector. Compared with a single-cylinder cyclone dust collector, the multi-cylinder cyclone dust collector has higher separation efficiency and greater processing capacity, and can more effectively separate the processed straw from the flue gas, reducing the loss caused by the straw being discharged with the flue gas, while also reducing the particulate matter content in the discharged flue gas.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the ignition system is an electric ignition system. Electric ignition systems are characterized by rapid ignition, precise control, and high safety and reliability. Compared to traditional flame ignition methods, they are easier to automate. Operators can start and stop the ignition system at any time as needed, precisely controlling the ignition timing and position, thus improving the system's intelligence level.

[0017] As a further technical solution, a flow control device is installed on the flue gas recovery pipeline. The flow control device can precisely adjust the flow rate of flue gas returning to the combustion chamber, realizing fine control of the flue gas recycling rate. When it is necessary to increase the pyrolysis temperature, the amount of returning flue gas can be increased; when it is necessary to decrease the temperature or increase the proportion of fresh air, the amount of returning flue gas can be decreased. Together with the air inlet and the guide plate, it can achieve multi-dimensional precise control of the entire pyrolysis and carbonization process.

[0018] As a further technical solution, a conveying device is installed above the material inlet. The conveying device can continuously and stably transport the straw collected and crushed in the field to the material inlet of the combustion chamber, realizing automatic straw feeding, reducing manual labor intensity, and improving the continuous operation capability of the system. The conveying device can be a screw conveyor, belt conveyor, or pneumatic conveying device, etc., and the appropriate conveying method is selected according to the actual working conditions.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the conveying device is connected to the picking and crushing equipment. By connecting the conveying device to the picking and crushing equipment, the entire process of straw collection, crushing, conveying, and carbonization can be integrated, improving operational efficiency.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By setting an adjustable guide plate and controlling the quality of the ignited material by adjusting its angle, semi-carbonization of straw is achieved, which bakes and carbonizes the surface of the straw while keeping the original components inside. Compared with the existing technology of complete carbonization, this significantly reduces heat energy consumption. At the same time, the carbon structure on the surface of semi-carbonized straw can improve soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity, and the organic matter retained inside can be quickly decomposed by microorganisms and converted into soil nutrients, overcoming the defect that complete carbonization of straw has a slow effect on soil improvement.

[0021] 2. By setting up a flue gas recovery pipeline at the flue gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector to return the flue gas to the combustion chamber, the flue gas is recycled and reused. On the one hand, this significantly reduces the direct emission of flue gas and lowers air pollution. On the other hand, the heat carried by the returned flue gas can be used in the pyrolysis and carbonization process of straw, realizing the cascade utilization of heat and improving the thermal efficiency of the entire system. Compared with the existing technology that directly emits flue gas, resulting in heat waste, this method has obvious energy-saving and environmental protection advantages.

[0022] 3. By setting up adjustable-length carbonization pipelines and multiple oxygen supply pipelines at intervals on the carbonization pipelines, precise control of the straw pyrolysis and carbonization process is achieved. Adjusting the length of the carbonization pipeline can change the contact time between the flue gas and the straw to adapt to the processing needs of different types of straw. The oxygen supply pipeline can maintain the air required for flue gas combustion to ensure continuous pyrolysis effect, and can also purge the straw to prevent it from burning against the wall. Compared with the existing technology of fixed pipeline length and single-point oxygen supply, it has better adaptability and processing uniformity.

[0023] 4. By installing an adjustable air inlet on the side of the combustion chamber, a temperature sensor on the carbonization pipeline, and a flow control device on the flue gas recovery pipeline, multi-dimensional and precise control of the entire pyrolysis and carbonization process is achieved. Operators can adjust the air inlet opening, guide plate angle, and flue gas return flow rate according to the real-time data from the temperature sensor, so that the system always works in the best condition. Compared with the existing technology that lacks fine control methods, it has higher processing quality stability and energy utilization efficiency.

[0024] 5. The entire system adopts a modular design. The main components such as the combustion chamber, carbonization pipeline, and cyclone dust collector are connected by pipelines. The structure is simple and compact, which is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly. It can be moved flexibly as needed to cooperate with other field operation equipment. Compared with the existing carbonization equipment that is bulky and difficult to move, it has better mobility and adaptability, and can realize true in-situ straw treatment and return to the field. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 ; The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0027] 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Material inlet; 3. Ignition system; 4. Combustion grate; 5. Cyclone dust collector; 6. Carbonization pipeline; 7. Material outlet; 8. Flue gas recovery pipeline; 9. Exhaust fan; 10. Adjustable guide plate; 11. First pipeline; Detailed Implementation It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing in this invention only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] As introduced in the background section, in-situ pyrolysis and carbonization of straw for returning to the field is a key means to achieve efficient utilization of crop straw resources, improve soil structure, enhance agricultural ecological benefits, and reduce carbon emissions. Its core principle is to use specialized equipment to perform in-situ oxygen-limited pyrolysis and carbonization of straw in the field, converting it into stable biochar that is directly returned to the field, thus integrating straw treatment with soil improvement. Existing biomass carbonization equipment achieves complete carbonization of straw through high-temperature pyrolysis, but this process requires a large amount of heat energy, resulting in energy waste; simultaneously, it generates a large amount of smoke, polluting the air; and the structure of fully carbonized straw is extremely stable, making it difficult for microorganisms to decompose it after application to the soil, resulting in slow soil improvement. Therefore, a new technical solution is needed that can achieve surface carbonization of straw to kill insect eggs while retaining the internal organic components of the straw, saving energy, reducing smoke emissions, and accelerating soil improvement.

[0030] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis and carbonization of straw for returning to the field, in order to solve the following technical problems existing in the prior art: existing biomass carbonization equipment requires a large amount of heat energy during the complete carbonization of straw, resulting in energy waste; a large amount of flue gas is generated during the carbonization process, causing air pollution; and the structure of completely carbonized straw is extremely stable, resulting in slow soil improvement.

[0031] This invention provides an integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and return of straw to the field, comprising a combustion chamber, a cyclone dust collector, and an induced draft fan. The combustion chamber has a material inlet at the top, an ignition system on the side, and an adjustable guide plate and a combustion grate inside. The adjustable guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the combustion chamber via a hinge, with the hinge's rotation axis horizontally positioned. The bottom of the combustion chamber is connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector via a carbonization pipeline. The bottom of the cyclone dust collector has a material outlet and a discharge valve. The top of the cyclone dust collector has a flue gas outlet, which is connected to the induced draft fan via a first pipeline and to the side of the combustion chamber via a flue gas recovery pipeline.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and return of straw to the field, including a combustion chamber 1, a cyclone dust collector 5, and an induced draft fan 9. The top of the combustion chamber 1 is provided with a material inlet 2, the side is provided with an ignition system 3, and the interior is provided with an adjustable guide plate 10 and a combustion grate 4.

[0034] The adjustable guide plate 10 is connected to the inner wall of the combustion chamber 1 via a hinge, with the axis of rotation of the hinge horizontally positioned. The adjustable guide plate 10 can rotate around this horizontal axis of rotation, thereby adjusting the angle between the guide plate and the material inlet 2. When the guide plate angle is small, most of the straw entering from the material inlet 2 slides down the guide plate onto the combustion grate 4, with only a small amount of straw falling into the vicinity of the ignition system 3 and being ignited. When the guide plate angle increases, more straw falls into the ignition area and is ignited. By adjusting the guide plate angle, the amount of straw ignited can be precisely controlled, thereby controlling the temperature and volume of the flue gas produced by combustion.

[0035] The combustion grate 4 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 to support the falling straw and provide ventilation. After the ignition system 3 ignites part of the straw, it generates high-temperature flue gas. The unburned straw mixes with the high-temperature flue gas and enters the carbonization pipe 6 from the bottom of the combustion chamber 1.

[0036] One end of the carbonization pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, and the other end is connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector 5. Inside the carbonization pipe 6, high-temperature flue gas bakes and carbonizes the surface of the straw (baking temperature range is 120-150℃, partial carbonization temperature range is 300-350℃). The surface of the straw undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to form a carbonized layer. Insect eggs on the surface of the straw are killed under the high temperature, but the interior of the straw retains its original organic components due to the relatively low temperature.

[0037] After the mixture enters the cyclone dust collector 5, the straw and flue gas are separated under centrifugal force. The semi-carbonized straw falls along the inner wall of the cyclone dust collector 5 to the bottom and is discharged from the material outlet 7. After being discharged through the unloading valve, it can be directly returned to the field. The flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet at the top of the cyclone dust collector 5. The flue gas outlet is connected to the induced draft fan 9 through the first pipeline 11, and part of the flue gas is discharged from the system through the induced draft fan 9. At the same time, the flue gas outlet is connected to the side of the combustion chamber 1 through the flue gas recovery pipeline 8, and part of the flue gas flows back to the combustion chamber 1 to participate in the pyrolysis process again, realizing the recycling of flue gas and the cascade utilization of heat.

[0038] This embodiment achieves semi-carbonization of straw by adjusting the tilt angle of the adjustable guide plate 10. The surface of the straw is baked and carbonized to form a stable carbon structure, which is beneficial for improving soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity. The organic matter retained inside the straw can be quickly decomposed by microorganisms and converted into soil nutrients, resulting in faster soil improvement compared to fully carbonized straw. Simultaneously, the semi-carbonization process requires significantly less heat energy than full carbonization, saving energy. Flue gas recycling reduces direct emissions of flue gas, lowering air pollution.

[0039] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, the carbonization pipeline 6 includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section that are nested together. One end of the first pipe section is fixedly connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, and one end of the second pipe section is fixedly connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector 5. The other end of the first pipe section is inserted into the second pipe section to form a nested structure. A locking mechanism is provided between the first and second pipe sections. The locking mechanism can be a bolt connection, a clamp connection, or a quick-locking device. By adjusting the nesting depth of the first and second pipe sections, the total length of the carbonization pipeline 6 can be changed.

[0040] The length of the carbonization pipe 6 directly affects the residence time of straw and flue gas within the pipe. A shorter pipe results in less contact time between the straw and the high-temperature flue gas, leading to a lighter degree of carbonization; a longer pipe extends the contact time, resulting in deeper carbonization. Operators can adjust the length of the carbonization pipe 6 according to the type of straw, its moisture content, and processing requirements to achieve precise control over the degree of carbonization. The locking mechanism ensures the reliability and sealing of the connection between the first and second pipe sections, preventing flue gas leakage from the connection point.

[0041] A temperature sensor, which can be a thermocouple or an infrared thermometer, is installed on the wall of the carbonization pipeline 6. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature changes within the carbonization pipeline 6 in real time and transmits the temperature data to the control system or display device. Based on the temperature data, the operator can determine the current carbonization status and maintain the temperature within the carbonization pipeline 6 within the optimal semi-carbonization temperature range by adjusting the tilt angle of the adjustable guide plate 10, the opening of the air inlet, or the flue gas recirculation flow rate. This prevents the straw from being completely carbonized due to excessively high temperatures or from being under-treated due to insufficient processing efficiency.

[0042] This embodiment achieves precise control over the straw pyrolysis and carbonization process by setting an adjustable-length carbonization pipeline 6 and a temperature sensor, thereby improving the stability of processing quality and energy utilization efficiency.

[0043] Example 3 Based on Example 1, the carbonized pipeline 6 is connected to pipe segments of different lengths via flanges to adjust the total length. The carbonized pipeline 6 consists of multiple pipe segments, which are connected to each other via flanges. The flange connection is easy to disassemble, and operators can replace pipe segments of different lengths as needed to flexibly adjust the total length of the carbonized pipeline 6.

[0044] For example, when processing straw with high moisture content, a longer pipe section can be installed to extend the contact time between the straw and the flue gas, ensuring thorough carbonization; when processing straw with low moisture content, a shorter pipe section can be used to shorten the contact time and avoid over-carbonization. The flange connection not only allows for adjustment of the carbonization pipe length but also facilitates pipe maintenance and cleaning.

[0045] This embodiment achieves length adjustment of the carbonized pipe 6 through flange connection, which, together with the socket connection method in Embodiment 2, supports the overarching concept of "adjustable length of carbonized pipe" and meets the processing needs under different working conditions.

[0046] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, an air inlet is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 1, and an adjustable damper is provided on the air inlet. The damper can be a manually adjustable baffle or an electrically adjustable air valve. By adjusting the damper opening, the amount of air entering the combustion chamber 1 can be controlled. When it is necessary to increase the combustion intensity and flue gas temperature, the damper opening is increased to increase the air intake; when it is necessary to reduce the combustion intensity or reduce the amount of flue gas generated, the damper opening is decreased to reduce the air intake. The air inlet provides an additional air supply channel for the combustion chamber 1, and together with the adjustable guide plate 10 and the flue gas recirculation system, multi-dimensional and precise control of the entire pyrolysis and carbonization process can be achieved.

[0047] Multiple oxygen supply lines are spaced apart along the length of the carbonization pipeline 6. These oxygen supply lines are connected to the carbonization pipeline 6 via connectors. The connectors can be quick-connect fittings or threaded fittings, allowing for the addition or removal of oxygen supply points or adjustment of oxygen supply positions as needed. The oxygen supply lines supply air into the carbonization pipeline 6, maintaining the air required for flue gas combustion and ensuring continuous pyrolysis. Furthermore, the airflow from the oxygen supply lines purifies the straw, preventing it from adhering to the inner wall of the carbonization pipeline 6 and burning, thus avoiding heat loss through the pipe wall and improving thermal energy utilization efficiency.

[0048] The spacing of the oxygen supply pipeline is determined based on the length of the carbonization pipeline 6 and the amount of straw processed. Generally, an oxygen supply point is set at regular intervals along the length of the carbonization pipeline 6 to ensure uniform air supply throughout the pipeline. The oxygen supply pipeline can be connected to an air compressor, and the oxygen supply method can be selected according to actual needs.

[0049] This embodiment further improves the system's control precision and thermal energy utilization efficiency in the pyrolysis and carbonization process by setting up air inlets and oxygen supply pipelines.

[0050] It is understandable that the combustion grate 4 can be a chain grate. The chain grate consists of multiple grate plates connected by chains, which can circulate along the length of the combustion chamber 1, driving the material forward and improving the uniformity of the material residence in the combustion chamber 1, making it suitable for continuous operation scenarios.

[0051] Cyclone dust collector 5 can be a multi-cylinder cyclone dust collector. A multi-cylinder cyclone dust collector consists of multiple cyclones connected in parallel, which improves dust removal efficiency, adapts to the needs of large-flow flue gas treatment, reduces the load on a single cylinder, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0052] Ignition system 3 can be an electric ignition system. Electric ignition systems are easy to operate, reliable in ignition, and avoid the safety hazards of open flame ignition.

[0053] A flow control device can be installed on the flue gas recovery pipeline. The flow control device can be a regulating valve or a variable frequency fan. By adjusting the flow control device, the flow rate of flue gas returning to combustion chamber 1 can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the flue gas recycling rate.

[0054] A conveying device can be installed above material inlet 2. This device can be a screw conveyor, belt conveyor, or pneumatic conveyor. The conveying device continuously and stably transports the straw collected and crushed in the field to material inlet 2, achieving automatic straw feeding, reducing manual labor intensity, and improving the system's continuous operation capability. The conveying device can be connected to the straw collection and crushing equipment to achieve integrated operation of the entire straw process from field collection and crushing to conveying and carbonization.

[0055] This invention achieves semi-carbonization of straw by setting an adjustable guide plate and controlling the quality of the ignited material by adjusting its angle. This allows the surface of the straw to be baked and carbonized while the interior retains its original components. Compared with the existing technology of complete carbonization, this significantly reduces heat energy consumption. At the same time, the carbon structure on the surface of the semi-carbonized straw can improve soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity, while the organic matter retained inside can be quickly decomposed by microorganisms and converted into soil nutrients. This overcomes the defect that complete carbonization of straw has a slow effect on soil improvement.

[0056] This invention achieves the recycling and reuse of flue gas by setting a flue gas recovery pipeline at the flue gas outlet of the cyclone dust collector to return the flue gas to the combustion chamber. On the one hand, it significantly reduces the direct emission of flue gas and lowers air pollution. On the other hand, the heat carried by the returned flue gas can be used in the pyrolysis and carbonization process of straw, realizing the cascade utilization of heat and improving the thermal efficiency of the entire system. Compared with the existing technology that directly emits flue gas, resulting in heat waste, it has obvious energy-saving and environmental protection advantages.

[0057] This invention achieves precise control over the pyrolysis and carbonization process of straw by setting up an adjustable-length carbonization pipeline and multiple oxygen supply pipelines spaced apart on the carbonization pipeline. Adjusting the length of the carbonization pipeline can change the contact time between the flue gas and the straw to adapt to the processing needs of different types of straw. The oxygen supply pipeline can maintain the air required for flue gas combustion to ensure a continuous pyrolysis effect, and can also purge the straw to prevent it from burning against the wall. Compared with the existing technology of fixed pipeline length and single-point oxygen supply, it has better adaptability and processing uniformity.

[0058] This invention achieves multi-dimensional and precise control of the entire pyrolysis and carbonization process by installing an adjustable air inlet on the side of the combustion chamber, a temperature sensor on the carbonization pipeline, and a flow control device on the flue gas recovery pipeline. Operators can adjust the air inlet opening, the guide plate angle, and the flue gas return flow rate based on real-time data from the temperature sensor, ensuring that the system always operates at its optimal state. Compared with existing technologies that lack precise control methods, this invention offers higher processing quality stability and energy utilization efficiency.

[0059] The entire system described above adopts a modular design. The main components, such as the combustion chamber, carbonization pipeline, and cyclone dust collector, are connected by pipelines. The structure is simple and compact, which is convenient for transportation and on-site assembly. It can be moved flexibly as needed to cooperate with other field operation equipment. Compared with the bulky and difficult-to-move carbonization equipment of the existing technology, it has better mobility and adaptability, and can realize true in-situ straw treatment and return to the field.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and return of straw to the field, comprising a combustion chamber, a cyclone dust collector, and an induced draft fan; characterized in that, The combustion chamber has a material inlet at the top and an ignition system on the side. Inside, there is an adjustable guide plate and a combustion grate. The adjustable guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the combustion chamber via a hinge, with the hinge's rotation axis horizontally positioned. The bottom of the combustion chamber is connected to the top of the cyclone dust collector via a carbonization pipe. The bottom of the cyclone dust collector has a material outlet and a discharge valve. The top of the cyclone dust collector has a flue gas outlet, which is connected to the induced draft fan via a first pipe. The induced draft fan is connected to the side of the combustion chamber via a flue gas recovery pipe.

2. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonized pipeline includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section that are nested together, and the first pipe section and the second pipe section are fixed together by a locking mechanism.

3. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis and carbonization of straw and its return to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbonized pipeline is connected to pipe sections of different lengths via flanges to adjust the total length.

4. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is installed on the carbonization pipeline to enable feedback and adjustment of the carbonization pipeline temperature.

5. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air intake is provided on the side of the combustion chamber, and an adjustable damper is provided on the air intake.

6. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple oxygen supply lines are spaced apart along the length of the carbonized pipeline on its pipe wall, and the oxygen supply lines are connected to the carbonized pipeline via connectors.

7. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion grate is a chain grate; the cyclone dust collector is a multi-cylinder cyclone dust collector.

8. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field is either fixed or mobile and works synchronously with the collection and crushing equipment.

9. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow control device is installed on the flue gas recovery pipeline.

10. The integrated system for in-situ pyrolysis, carbonization, and returning of straw to the field according to claim 1, characterized in that, A conveying device is provided above the material inlet, and the conveying device is connected to the picking and crushing equipment.

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