Metal working oil, metal working fluid, and metal working method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a metal working oil agent, a metal working fluid, and a metal working method. Specifically, the present invention provides a metal working oil agent and the like which is excellent in copper powder settlement and has good liquid stability in the presence of copper ions. The metal working oil agent contains: (A) an oxirane adduct of an alkyne diol represented by a specific chemical formula (1), (B) a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0, (C) a lubricating oil, and (D) water, and is used for processing of copper-based metal materials.[Chemical Formula 1]

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to metalworking oils, metalworking fluids, and metalworking methods. Background Technology

[0002] Previously, wet wire drawing equipment was used in the processing of thin-diameter metal wires such as copper wires. Technology related to processing oils used in wet wire drawing has been proposed.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a lubricant for wet wire drawing, which contains a dialkyl sulfosuccinate salt represented by a specific chemical formula and a carboxylate salt with 6 or more carbon atoms, and has excellent wettability and dispersibility for metal powder generated during wire conveying and processing.

[0004] Existing technical documents Patent documents Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 4277027 Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve In wet wire drawing of copper-based metals, if copper powder generated during processing adheres to the wire or die, processing the wire in this powdery state may cause damage to the inside of the wire and die due to the presence of copper powder. To suppress copper powder adhesion, it is necessary to improve the settling properties of copper powder in metalworking oils. Furthermore, the inventors have recently discovered that when the metalworking oil is diluted with water and used in the presence of copper ions, the water and oily components may separate.

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide metalworking oils with excellent settling properties of copper powder and good liquid stability in the presence of copper ions.

[0007] Technical solutions for solving technical problems The present invention, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems, is as follows.

[0008] (1) A metalworking lubricant, comprising: (A) An ethylene oxide adduct of the acetylenic diol represented by the following chemical formula (1); (B) HLB is a nonionic surfactant with a strength of 11.0–16.0. (C) Lubricating oil; and (D) Water, The above-mentioned metalworking lubricant is used for processing copper-based metal materials.

[0009] [Chemistry 1]

[0010] In equation (1), n ​​and m are each an independent number from 0 to 15.0.

[0011] (2) In the metalworking oil of (1) above, in component (A), the total of n and m in formula (1) (n+m) can be 1.0 to 20.0.

[0012] (3) In the metalworking oils of (1) or (2) above, the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) (A) / (B) can be 0.10 to 1.0.

[0013] (4) In any of the metalworking oils described in (1) to (3) above, component (B) may be an epoxide adduct of a hydrocarbon having an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0 and having one or more hydroxyl groups.

[0014] (5) In any of the metalworking oils described in (1) to (4) above, component (B) may be an alkylene oxide adduct selected from at least one compound selected from alkyl alcohols and sorbitan monoalkyl esters.

[0015] (6) In any of the metalworking oils described in (1) to (5) above, the total content of component (A) and component (B) may be 3.5% to 30% by weight.

[0016] (7) In any of the metalworking oils described in (1) to (6) above, relative to the metalworking oil as a whole, the content of component (A) can be 0.5% to 9.5% by weight, the content of component (B) can be 3% to 20% by weight, the content of component (C) can be 10% to 80% by weight, and the content of component (D) can be 0.5% to 30% by weight.

[0017] (8) A metalworking fluid obtained by diluting the metalworking oil described in any one of (1) to (7) above with water.

[0018] (9) A metal processing method, wherein a copper-based metal material is processed using a metal processing fluid obtained by diluting the metal processing oil described in any one of (1) to (7) above with water.

[0019] Invention Effects According to the present invention, metalworking oils with excellent settling properties of copper powder and good liquid stability in the presence of copper ions can be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an image illustrating the evaluation criteria for the settling properties of copper powder.

[0021] Figure 2 It is an image illustrating the evaluation criteria for liquid stability. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The elements listed below can be combined arbitrarily, and the scope of the present invention is intended to include all modifications within the claims and the scope equivalent to the claims. The upper and lower limits of the numerical ranges in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily to form any numerical range.

[0023] Metalworking lubricants The metalworking lubricant of this embodiment is a metalworking lubricant for processing copper-based metal materials, containing an ethylene oxide (hereinafter also referred to as EO) adduct of acetylenic diol as shown in the following general formula (1), a nonionic surfactant with an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0, lubricating oil, and water. The metalworking lubricant is particularly suitable for wet wire drawing.

[0024] The metalworking oil of this embodiment, which contains an EO adduct of acetylenic diol as shown in general formula (1) and a nonionic surfactant with an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0, exhibits excellent settling properties of copper powder generated during the processing of copper-based metal materials. Therefore, it can effectively suppress the floating of copper powder on the surface of the metalworking oil or a diluted solution of the metalworking oil, and the dispersion of copper powder in the liquid (particularly in the liquid of the metalworking oil or diluted solution stored in the tank when recycling), and can suppress the adhesion of copper powder to wires and molds.

[0025] HLB is short for Hydrophilic-Lipophile Balance, an indicator of the balance between hydrophilic and lipophilic groups within a compound molecule. In this specification, HLB is defined by the Griffin method using the following formula.

[0026] HLB = 20 × [the total chemical mass of the hydrophilic portion] / molecular weight Furthermore, in the processing of copper-based metal materials using metalworking oils, a large amount of copper ions dissolve in the metalworking oil. The metalworking oil of this embodiment exhibits excellent liquid stability even in the presence of copper ions, effectively suppressing stratification. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, liquid stability in this specification refers to the stability of the diluted solution of the metalworking oil prepared by diluting it with water (i.e., dilution stability), meaning that phase separation occurs and the homogeneity of the liquid disappears.

[0027] While the details of the reasons for the superior settling properties and liquid stability of the metalworking oil of the present invention are not clear, it is presumed to be based on the following mechanism. It is presumed that the EO adduct of alkynyldiol represented by general formula (1) contained in the metalworking oil contributes to the improvement of the settling properties of copper powder. Furthermore, the EO adduct of alkynyldiol represented by general formula (1) can also contribute to liquid stability as a nonionic surfactant, but its emulsifying power is insufficient. It is presumed that by combining such an EO adduct of alkynyldiol with a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0, the emulsifying power suitable for the base oil of the metalworking oil can be exerted, and the liquid stability can be significantly improved. For example, in metalworking oils containing anionic surfactants, when copper ions dissolve in the diluent, the hydrophilic groups of the anionic surfactant easily form salts, thus reducing hydrophilicity. It is presumed that by incorporating a nonionic surfactant as a surfactant into the metalworking oil, the reduction in hydrophilicity can be suppressed even in the presence of copper ions, resulting in excellent liquid stability. In particular, the stability of the liquid was significantly improved by using a nonionic surfactant with an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0.

[0028] [(A) EO adduct of acetylidene diol] The metalworking oil of the embodiment comprises an EO adduct of acetylenic diol as shown in general formula (1) as component (A). As shown in general formula (1), component (A) is an EO adduct of 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol.

[0029] [Chemistry 2]

[0030] In equation (1), n ​​and m are the average number of moles added to EO, each being an independent number containing decimals from 0 to 15.0.

[0031] As component (A), from the viewpoint of the settling properties of copper powder, liquid stability, and operability of metalworking oils, in formula (1), n ​​and m are each preferably 0 to 10.0, more preferably 1.0 to 10.0, and even more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 or 1.0 to 2.0. For example, n and m are preferably 2.0 to 8.0, 3.0 to 7.0, or 5.0 to 6.0. Component (A) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0032] The sum of n and m (n+m) preferably includes a decimal number from 1.0 to 20.0, more preferably from 1.0 to 15.0, and even more preferably from 1.0 to 11.0, 1.0 to 6.0, or 1.0 to 2.0. n+m, for example, is preferably 3.0 to 18.0, 5.0 to 16.0, or 7.0 to 12.0.

[0033] From the viewpoint of the settling properties and liquid stability of copper powder, the HLB of component (A) is preferably 1.0 to 20.0, more preferably 2.0 to 15.0, and even more preferably 3.0 to 13.5, 3.0 to 10.0, or 3.0 to 5.5. The HLB of component (A), for example, is preferably 5.0 to 15.0 or 8.0 to 13.0. The HLB of component (A) can be increased, for example, by increasing the number of moles of EO added to the molecule.

[0034] Component (A) can be obtained, for example, by adding EO to 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol using a known method. Component (A) can also be a commercially available product. Examples of commercially available products as component (A) include Surfinol 420, Surfinol 440, and Surfinol 465 (all manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industries, Ltd.). The average number of moles of EO added can be a catalog value or a calculated value.

[0035] From the viewpoint of achieving good settling properties of copper powder and effects commensurate with its use, the content of component (A) is preferably 0.5% to 9.5% by weight, more preferably 0.6% to 8% by weight, and even more preferably 0.8% to 6% by weight, relative to the overall metalworking oil. The content in two or more cases refers to the total amount.

[0036] (B) Nonionic surfactants The metalworking lubricant of the embodiment contains a nonionic surfactant with an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0 as component (B). Component (B) is a nonionic surfactant that does not include component (A). Component (B) can be used alone or in combination with two or more.

[0037] From the viewpoint of liquid stability, the HLB of component (B) is preferably 11.5 to 15.5, more preferably 12.0 to 15.2.

[0038] The HLB value of component (B) may be different from that of component (A). When component (A) and component (B) have different HLB values, the difference between the HLB values ​​of component (A) and component (B) is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, and even more preferably 7.5 or more.

[0039] As component (B), alkyl oxidases (hereinafter also referred to as AO) adducts of hydrocarbons having one or more hydroxyl groups are preferred. Examples of such components (B) are AO adducts of alkyl alcohols and sorbitan monoalkyl esters.

[0040] Examples of AO adducts of alkyl alcohols include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ethers, and polyalkylene glycols, with polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers and polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ethers being preferred. Specifically, examples of AO adducts of alkyl alcohols include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene hexadecyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, and polyoxyethylene benzyl ether, with polyoxyethylene lauryl ether being preferred.

[0041] Examples of AO adducts of sorbitan monoalkyl esters include polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, with polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate being preferred.

[0042] As an AO, it comprises AOs having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; specifically, examples include EO, propylene oxide, and butane oxide. Two or more of these AOs can be used together, and the combination in the case of two or more uses can be any of block addition, random addition, or a combination thereof. From the viewpoint of liquid stability, EO and propylene oxide are preferred as AOs, and EO is more preferred.

[0043] From the viewpoint of liquid stability and operability, the number of moles of AO added is preferably 0 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, further preferably 3 to 35, and most preferably 5 to 25.

[0044] As component (B), more preferably are polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate of general formula (2), polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether of general formula (3), and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether of general formula (4).

[0045] [Chemistry 3]

[0046] In general formula (2), R represents the oil base, and a, b, and c represent the average number of moles of EO added. a, b, and c are each independently a number containing a decimal greater than or equal to 0. a, b, and c are each preferably 0 to 30.0, more preferably 1.0 to 25.0, and even more preferably 1.0 to 20.0. a + b + c are preferably 1.0 to 30.0, more preferably 1.0 to 25.0, and even more preferably 1.0 to 20.0.

[0047] [Chemistry 4]

[0048] In general formula (3), x represents the average number of moles added to EO, and n and m represent the number of repetitions. In general formula (3), x is a number containing a decimal greater than or equal to 0. x is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 5 to 15, and even more preferably 12. In general formula (3), n and m are each independently an integer greater than or equal to 0. n and m are each independently preferably 0 to 20, more preferably 1 to 15, and even more preferably 9 to 11. n+m is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 15, and even more preferably 9 to 11.

[0049] RO(CH2CH2O) x H(4) In general formula (4), R represents lauryl, and x represents the average number of moles of EO added. In general formula (4), x is an integer of 1 or more. x is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 5 to 15, and even more preferably 7 to 9.

[0050] Component (B) can be obtained, for example, by adding AO to a hydrocarbon having one or more hydroxyl groups using a known method. By increasing the number of moles of AO added to the molecule, the HLB of component (B) can be increased. Component (B) can also be a commercially available product.

[0051] From the viewpoint of achieving liquid stability and a performance commensurate with its use, the content of component (B), relative to the overall metalworking oil, is preferably 3% to 20% by weight, more preferably 4% to 15% by weight, and even more preferably 6% to 10% by weight, or 6% to 8% by weight. Content in two or more cases refers to total measurement.

[0052] From the viewpoints of the settling properties of copper powder, liquid stability, and economy, the total content of component (A) and component (B) ((A) + (B)) is preferably 3.5% to 30% by weight, more preferably 4% to 20% by weight, and even more preferably 5% to 18% by weight, relative to the overall metalworking oil.

[0053] In metalworking fluids, the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) (A) / (B) is preferably 0.10 to 1.0. When the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) is within the above range, a significant synergistic effect is observed, resulting in good liquid stability and excellent settling properties of copper powder. More preferably, the weight ratio of (A) / (B) is 0.11 to 0.80, further preferably 0.13 to 0.70, and most preferably 0.18 to 0.70. The weight ratio of (A) / (B) is preferably 0.30 to 1.0, or 0.50 to 1.0.

[0054] (C) Lubricating oil The metalworking lubricant of the embodiment contains lubricating oil as component (C). Component (C) contributes to the lubricity of the metalworking lubricant. Examples of components (C) include mineral oil, synthetic oil, and animal and vegetable oils, with mineral oil and synthetic oil being preferred. Component (C) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0055] Examples of mineral oils include spindle oil, engine oil, cylinder oil, paraffin oil, and gear oil, with paraffin oil being preferred. Examples of synthetic oils include hydrocarbon-based synthetic oils, ester-based synthetic oils, and ether-based synthetic oils, with ester-based synthetic oils being preferred. Examples of ester-based synthetic oils include esters of carboxylic acids (e.g., 10-30 carbon atoms, preferably 12-28 carbon atoms, more preferably 15-25 carbon atoms) and alcohols (e.g., 1-30 carbon atoms, preferably 1-25 carbon atoms, more preferably 1-20 carbon atoms). The alcohol can be any one of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, and can also be any one of monohydric, dihydric, trihydric, and tetrahydric alcohols. Specific examples of ester-based synthetic oils include methyl oleate, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, neopentyl glycol dioleate, trimethylolpropane trioleate, and pentaerythritol tetraoleate, with 2-ethylhexyl oleate being preferred. Examples of animal and vegetable oils include animal fats (such as lard, tallow, and fish oil), vegetable oils (such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, and palm oil), and their hydrogenated products.

[0056] From a lubrication point of view, the content of component (C) relative to the metalworking oil as a whole is preferably 10% to 80% by weight, more preferably 30% to 75% by weight, and even more preferably 45% to 70% by weight. The content in two or more cases refers to the total amount.

[0057] In metalworking oils, from the viewpoints of the settling properties of copper powder, liquid stability, and lubricity, the weight ratio of the content of component (C) to the total content of components (A) and (B) (C) / ((A)+(B)) is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 2 to 18, and even more preferably 3 to 15.

[0058] [(D) Water] The metalworking lubricant of this embodiment contains water as component (D). By pre-containing water, the stock solution stability and emulsion stability of the metalworking lubricant (concentrate) can be improved. Examples of components (D) include tap water, industrial water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, and sterilized purified water; in addition, it can be hard water or soft water. Component (D) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0059] (D) The content of component D, relative to the total metalworking oil, is preferably 0.5% to 30% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, and even more preferably 1% to 10% by weight. Content in two or more cases refers to the total amount.

[0060] In addition to the essential components described above, the metalworking lubricant of the embodiments may contain any other components as needed, without impairing the effects of the present invention. Examples of such components include corrosion inhibitors, pH adjusters, rust inhibitors, emulsifiers, oiling agents, and defoamers. Any component may be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0061] Examples of preservatives include aliphatic amines and aliphatic alkanolamines. Examples of organic amines include cyclohexylamine, dicyclohexylamine, N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine, N-methyldicyclohexylamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, and dibenzylamine. The content of the preservative, relative to the total metalworking oil, is, for example, 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably 1% to 8% by weight.

[0062] Examples of pH adjusters include organic amines and potassium hydroxide. The content of the pH adjuster relative to the total metalworking oil is, for example, 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably 1% to 8% by weight.

[0063] Examples of rust inhibitors include organic carboxylic acids and organic amines. The content of the rust inhibitor, relative to the total metalworking oil, is, for example, 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably 1% to 8% by weight.

[0064] Examples of corrosion inhibitors include phosphate esters, alkylphosphonic acids, sodium metasilicate, and benzotriazole. The content of the corrosion inhibitor, relative to the total metalworking oil, is, for example, 0.01% to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 3% by weight.

[0065] Examples of emulsifiers include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants other than components (A) and (B). Examples of nonionic surfactants include ethers, esters, amines, and amides. Examples of ethers include alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene ethers, and polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers. Examples of esters include glycerol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxysorbitan fatty acid esters. Examples of amines include ethylene oxide adducts of polyoxyethylene alkylamines and organic amines. Examples of amides include coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamides and oleic acid diethanolamides. Examples of anionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphoric acid, alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, etc. α-Olefin sulfonic acids and their salts, etc. Examples of cationic surfactants include quaternary ammonium salts (e.g., alkyltrimethylammonium salts, dialkyldimethylammonium salts, and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts, etc.). Examples of amphoteric surfactants include alkyl betaines, which are betaine-based. The emulsifier content, relative to the total metalworking oil, is, for example, 1% to 25% by weight, preferably 5% to 20% by weight.

[0066] Examples of oiling agents include fatty acid compounds such as aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids, and fatty acid salts. The content of the oiling agent, relative to the total metalworking oil, is, for example, 1% to 20% by weight, preferably 5% to 15% by weight.

[0067] Examples of defoamers include silicone-based defoamers, higher alcohol-based defoamers, polyether-based defoamers, and metal soap-based defoamers. The content of the defoamer relative to the total metalworking oil is, for example, 0.01% to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 3% by weight.

[0068] The metalworking lubricant of this embodiment is obtained by mixing the above-mentioned components. There are no particular limitations on the mixing method; for example, known methods such as stirring using a rotor or a stirrer can be used. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the order in which the components are added.

[0069] The metalworking lubricant described in this embodiment is for machining copper-based metal materials. This metalworking lubricant is particularly suitable for wet wire drawing. Examples of copper-based metals include copper and copper alloys. Examples of copper alloys include brass and bronze.

[0070] The metalworking oil of the embodiment is water-soluble and can be used directly. It is preferable to use the metalworking oil as a stock solution after dilution with water.

[0071] The metalworking fluid of this embodiment is obtained by diluting the aforementioned metalworking oil with water. Examples of water used for dilution include tap water, industrial water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, and sterile purified water; hard water or soft water can also be used. A single type of water can be used for dilution, or a combination of two or more types can be used.

[0072] When diluting metalworking oils with water, there is no particular limitation on the dilution ratio. From the viewpoint of operability and processability, it is preferred to be 1 to 100 times, more preferably 5 to 80 times, and even more preferably 10 to 50 times.

[0073] From the viewpoint of corrosion inhibition and corrosion resistance of copper-based metal materials, the pH of the metalworking oil and metalworking fluid in the embodiments is preferably 7 to 10, and more preferably 7.5 to 9.

[0074] The metalworking oils and fluids of the embodiments can be any of the following: emulsion type dispersed in water, soluble type or solution type dissolved in water, preferably emulsion type.

[0075] Metalworking methods The metalworking method described in the embodiments includes a step of processing copper-based metal materials using the aforementioned metalworking fluid. Examples of this processing method include wet wire drawing. Examples of copper-based metals include copper and copper alloys. The copper-based metal material is a wire, and its diameter is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 mm to 5 mm.

[0076] Wet wire drawing refers to a process performed in a wet manner using a liquid processing agent. Examples of wet wire drawing include die drawing using a mold and roller drawing using a roller. The metalworking fluid used as the processing agent is supplied to copper-based metal materials, molds, and rollers, for example, through immersion or spraying.

[0077] Example The present invention will now be described in more detail based on embodiments and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0078] (Preparation of metalworking lubricants) [Example 1] The components of the metalworking lubricant were added to a container in the proportions shown in Table 1 (expressed as % by weight). Using a magnetic stirrer (“SLOWSTIRRERSW-600N-1”, manufactured by Nisshin Rika Co., Ltd.) and a stir bar (15mm × 35mm, rugby ball type), the mixture was stirred at 25°C in increments of 5 until the liquid became homogeneous. After homogenization, the mixture was stirred for at least 10 minutes to obtain the metalworking lubricant of Example 1.

[0079] [Examples 2-15, Comparative Examples 1-6] The formulation of the metalworking lubricant was set as shown in Tables 1-2. Otherwise, the metalworking lubricants of Examples 2-15 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0080] The details of the components listed in Tables 1-2 are shown below. It should be noted that the polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate listed below are all compounds represented by formula (2), and the total average number of moles added is a+b+c in formula (2). Similarly, the polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ethers are compounds represented by formula (3), and the average number of moles added and the number of repetitions are x, m+n in formula (3). The polyoxyethylene lauryl ethers are all compounds represented by formula (4), and the average number of moles added is x in formula (4).

[0081] • (A) EO adduct of 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol A-1: Surfinol 420 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., HLB 4.0, average molar addition of EO 1-2 (calculated value)) A-2: Surfinol 440 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., HLB 8.0, average molar addition of EO 3-4 (calculated value)) A-3: Surfinol 465 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., HLB 13.0, average molar addition of EO 9-10 (calculated)) (B) Nonionic surfactants B-1: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (HLB15.0, a+b+c=20) B-2: Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (HLB12.2, x = 7~9) B-3: Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (HLB12.9, x = 7~9) B-4: Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (HLB13.4, x = 7~9) B-5: Polyoxyethylene branched alkyl ether (HLB14.5, x=12, m+n=9~11) ·other Anionic surfactant: Sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate Nonionic surfactant X-1: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (HLB10.0) Nonionic surfactant X-2: Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (HLB16.3) (Sedimentation properties of copper powder) The metalworking oils of Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were diluted to 5% by weight (i.e., 20 times) using deionized water to prepare sample solutions. The dilution was performed by stirring and mixing in the same manner as the metalworking oils using the aforementioned magnetic stirrer and stir bar. Copper powder (manufactured by Hayashi Chun-Yao Industrial Co., Ltd., 325 mesh (≤45)) was used as the model chips. μ(m), specific gravity 8.9). Place 80g of each of the above sample solutions into a 100mL spiral tube, add 1g of copper powder from above, shake 20 times, and then let stand at 25℃ for 24 hours. After standing, visually inspect the appearance of the sample solution and evaluate it according to the following criteria. ◎ and ○ indicate good sedimentation. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1-2.

[0082] ◎: Almost all the copper powder settled.

[0083] ○: A small amount of copper powder floats on the surface.

[0084] ×: A large amount of copper powder floats on the surface.

[0085] (Liquid stability in the absence of copper ions) 50 mL of each sample solution obtained by diluting the metalworking oils of Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-6 to 5% by weight using deionized water was placed in a 100 mL graduated cylinder and allowed to stand at 25°C for 1 day. After standing, the appearance of the sample solution was visually checked and evaluated according to the following criteria. A ◎ or ○ indicates good liquid stability. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1-2.

[0086] ◎: The amount of cream or oil layer produced is less than 1 mL.

[0087] ○: The resulting cream or oil layer exceeds 1 mL, but the lower layer is opaque.

[0088] ×: The lower layer is transparent.

[0089] (Liquid stability in the presence of copper ions) A copper ion aqueous solution with a copper ion concentration of 1000 ppm was prepared using copper sulfate pentahydrate (manufactured by Fujifilm and Kojun Chemical Co., Ltd.) and deionized water. The metalworking oils of Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were diluted to 5% by weight using the obtained copper ion aqueous solution. 50 mL of the resulting diluted solution was placed in a 100 mL graduated cylinder and allowed to stand at 25°C for 1 day. After standing, the appearance of the diluted solution was visually confirmed, and its stability was evaluated using the same criteria as in the absence of copper ions. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1-2.

[0090] Figure 1 This is an image illustrating the evaluation criteria for the settling properties of copper powder. Figure 2 This is an image illustrating the evaluation criteria for liquid stability. It should be noted that... Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are illustrative images used to illustrate evaluation criteria and do not limit the actual evaluation results.

[0091] [Table 1]

[0092] [Table 2]

[0093] As shown in Tables 1-2, in Examples 1-15 containing components (A) and (B), the copper powder exhibited good settling properties and excellent liquid stability. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1-3 containing component (A) but not component (B), in Comparative Example 4 using an anionic surfactant instead of components (A) and (B), and in Comparative Examples 5-6 using a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value outside the range of 11.0-16.0, the copper powder exhibited poor settling properties or poor liquid stability in the presence of copper ions. According to Examples 5-9 and 10-11, when the ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.13-1.0, the settling properties of the copper powder are further improved.

Claims

1. A metalworking lubricant, characterized in that, contain: (A) An ethylene oxide adduct of the acetylenic diol represented by the following chemical formula (1); (B) HLB is a nonionic surfactant with a strength of 11.0–16.

0. (C) Lubricating oil; and (D) Water, The metalworking lubricant is used for machining copper-based metal materials. ； In equation (1), n ​​and m are each an independent number from 0 to 15.

0.

2. The metalworking lubricant according to claim 1, wherein, In component (A), the sum of n and m in formula (1) (n+m) is 1.0 to 20.

0.

3. The metalworking lubricant according to claim 1, wherein, The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) is 0.10 to 1.

0.

4. The metalworking lubricant according to claim 1, wherein, (B) The component is an epoxide adduct of a hydrocarbon with an HLB of 11.0 to 16.0 and having one or more hydroxyl groups.

5. The metalworking lubricant according to claim 4, wherein, (B) The component is an epoxide adduct selected from at least one compound selected from alkyl alcohols and sorbitan monoalkyl esters.

6. The metalworking lubricant according to claim 1, wherein, The total content of component (A) and component (B) is 3.5% to 30% by weight.

7. The metalworking lubricant according to claim 1, wherein, Compared to metalworking lubricants as a whole, (A) The content of component A is 0.5% to 9.5% by weight. (B) The content of component is 3% to 20% by weight. (C) The content of component is 10% to 80% by weight. (D) The content of component is 0.5% to 30% by weight.

8. A metalworking fluid, characterized in that, It is obtained by diluting the metalworking oil of claim 1 with water.

9. A metal processing method, characterized in that, The copper-based metal materials are processed using a metalworking fluid obtained by diluting the metalworking oil of claim 1 with water.

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