Polar plate, method for producing the same, electrolytic cell, and electrolytic bath

Abstract

The application discloses a polar plate, a preparation method thereof, an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic tank. At least one side surface of the polar plate is provided with a composite coating layer; the composite coating layer comprises a base layer and metal particles distributed in the base layer; the base layer contains a first metal element, and the first metal element comprises one or more of Ni, Al and Mo; the metal particles contain a second metal element, and the second metal element comprises one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr and Hf; and the mass percentage of the metal particles in the total mass of the composite coating layer is 10% to 50%. The application is beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of the polar plate, prolonging the service life, and better balancing the conductivity and the electrolysis efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to electrode plates and their preparation methods, electrolysis chambers, and electrolytic cells. Background Technology

[0002] An electrolyzer is a device that converts electrical energy into chemical energy. By applying electricity to two electrode plates (anode and cathode), ions in the electrolyte undergo a chemical reaction, producing oxygen at the anode and hydrogen at the cathode. Typically, because the electrode plates operate in a corrosive electrolyte environment—for example, a PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolyzer usually operates in a strongly acidic environment—the corrosion resistance of the electrode plates needs further improvement to extend the service life of the electrolyzer for stable operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first aspect of this application proposes an electrode plate, wherein at least one side surface of the electrode plate is provided with a composite coating; the composite coating includes a substrate layer and metal particles distributed in the substrate layer; the substrate layer contains a first metal element, which includes one or more of Ni, Al, and Mo; the metal particles contain a second metal element, which includes one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf; and the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%-50% based on the total mass of the composite coating.

[0004] This application optimizes the coating structure by dispersing the metal containing the second metal element in particulate form in the substrate layer, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the electrode plate, extending its service life, and better balancing conductivity and electrolysis efficiency.

[0005] In some embodiments, the particle size of the metal particles is 10 μm-50 μm.

[0006] In some embodiments, the thickness of the composite coating is 30 μm-1000 μm.

[0007] In some implementations, the electrode plate satisfies at least one of the following: (A) The material of the substrate layer includes one or more of the following: metals containing the first metallic element, alloys, oxides, nitrides, and sulfides; optionally, the material of the substrate layer includes one or more of the following: NiAl alloy, NiMo alloy, and NiAlMo alloy. (B) The metal particles include one or more of pure metal particles and alloy particles containing the first metallic element; optionally, the metal particles include one or more of tantalum metal particles, tantalum-niobium alloy particles, niobium-zirconium alloy particles, zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, titanium-niobium-zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, and hafnium-titanium-tantalum-niobium alloy particles.

[0008] In some implementations, the mass percentage of metal particles is 15%-35% based on the total mass of the composite coating.

[0009] The second aspect of this application discloses a method for preparing an electrode plate, comprising: Using a first raw material containing a first metallic element as the main material and a second raw material containing a second metallic element as the auxiliary material, a composite coating is formed on at least one side surface of the electrode plate by thermal spraying. The composite coating includes a substrate layer and metal particles distributed within the substrate layer; the substrate layer contains a first metal element, which includes one or more of Ni, Al, and Mo; the metal particles contain a second metal element, which includes one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf; based on the total mass of the composite coating, the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%-50%.

[0010] In some implementations, thermal spraying includes plasma spraying.

[0011] In some implementations, the control parameters for plasma spraying include at least one of the following: (a) The main ingredient powder feeding rate is 5g / min-80g / min; (b) The feed rate of the excipient powder is 5g / min-80g / min; (c) The gas flow rate is 10 L / min - 100 L / min; (d) Current is 200A-1000A; (e) Voltage is 20V-200V; (f) Spraying distance is 20cm-150cm.

[0012] The third aspect of this application proposes an electrolysis chamber comprising the electrode plate described in the first aspect above, or the electrode plate prepared by the method described in the second aspect above.

[0013] A fourth aspect of this application provides an electrolytic cell comprising the electrode plates described in the first aspect above, or electrode plates prepared by the method described in the second aspect above; and / or, comprising the electrolytic chamber described in the third aspect above. Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0015] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0016] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this application are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this application.

[0017] In this application, the terms "comprising" or "including" are open-ended expressions, meaning they include the content specified in this application but do not exclude other aspects.

[0018] In the prior art, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of bipolar plate surfaces, electroplating is used to form a platinum coating on the surface of the bipolar plate. The platinum coating has good conductivity, prevents substrate oxidation failure, and is relatively stable. However, platinum is expensive and not suitable for large-scale application. Therefore, developing new anti-corrosion coatings is of great significance.

[0019] To this end, a first aspect of the present application provides an electrode plate, wherein at least one side surface of the electrode plate is provided with a composite coating, the composite coating comprising a substrate layer and metal particles distributed within the substrate layer; the substrate layer contains a first metal element, the first metal element including one or more of Ni, Al, and Mo; the metal particles contain a second metal element, the second metal element including one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf; and the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%-50% based on the total mass of the composite coating.

[0020] "Total mass of composite coating" refers to the sum of the mass of the substrate layer itself and the mass of the metal particles distributed within the substrate layer.

[0021] As an example, based on the total mass of the composite coating, the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 46%, 48%, 50%, or any value between the two.

[0022] In this embodiment, the coating structure is optimized by dispersing the metal containing the second metallic element in particulate form within the substrate layer. This improves the corrosion resistance and service life of the electrode while better balancing conductivity and electrolysis efficiency. Specifically: The matrix layer contains a first metallic element, for example, one or more of Ni (nickel), Al (aluminum), and Mo (molybdenum). On the one hand, this type of metallic element has good lubrication properties, which helps to reduce the resistance of water flow in the bipolar plate and promotes the improvement of electrolysis efficiency; on the other hand, it has relatively poor stability in the electrolyte and is easily oxidized and loses its anti-corrosion properties.

[0023] The metal particles dispersed in the matrix layer can be entirely embedded within the bulk phase of the matrix layer, partially embedded in the matrix layer and partially exposed on the surface of the matrix layer, or a combination of the two.

[0024] The metal particles contain a second metallic element, which, for example, can be one or more of Ti (titanium), Ta (tantalum), Nb (niobium), Zr (zirconium), and Hf (hafnium). This type of metallic element possesses good electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance, which helps improve the performance of the composite coating and enhance its oxidation resistance. Compared to the first metallic element, the second metallic element exhibits better stability in the electrolyte.

[0025] The metal containing the second metallic element is dispersed in particulate form within the substrate layer, acting as a binder and thus improving the overall adhesion and cohesion of the composite coating. From a functional perspective, the substrate layer in the composite coating can serve as a sacrificial layer. While the metal particles exhibit relatively high stability, prolonged contact with the electrolyte can lead to oxidation and failure, negatively impacting electrolytic efficiency. Because the substrate layer contains the first metallic element, it gradually decomposes and dissolves in the electrolyte, eventually failing and detaching, exposing a new substrate layer and metal particles. This automatic renewal and regeneration improves electrolytic efficiency. Furthermore, the binding force of the metal particles slows down the detachment and regeneration rate of the composite coating, allowing it to repeatedly provide corrosion protection and extending the overall service life of the electrolytic cell.

[0026] Furthermore, if the mass proportion of metal particles in the composite coating is too small, it will weaken the overall conductivity and corrosion resistance of the composite coating; and the rapid failure and peeling rate of the substrate layer will shorten the overall service life. If the mass proportion of metal particles in the composite coating is too large, it will increase the overall stability of the composite coating, making it difficult for it to peel off completely and regenerate. Although the oxidation rate of metal particles is slow, long-term contact with the electrolyte will gradually cause them to oxidize and fail, leading to the overall failure of the composite coating and shortening its service life. In summary, in the embodiments of this application, the mass proportion of metal particles in the composite coating meets the above conditions, which is beneficial to improving corrosion resistance, extending service life, and balancing conductivity and electrolytic efficiency.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, the particle size of the metal particles is 10μm-50μm.

[0028] As an example, in the embodiments of this application, the particle size of the metal particles is 10μm, 12μm, 14μm, 15μm, 16μm, 18μm, 20μm, 22μm, 24μm, 26μm, 28μm, 30μm, 32μm, 34μm, 35μm, 36μm, 38μm, 39μm, 40μm, 42μm, 44μm, 46μm, 48μm, 50μm, or any value range between the two.

[0029] In this embodiment, the particle size of the metal particles meets the above conditions, which is beneficial to improve the overall bonding force and cohesion of the composite coating, enhance the stability of the composite coating, and the metal particles themselves can be uniformly dispersed and stably anchored in the substrate layer.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the composite coating is 30 μm-1000 μm.

[0031] As an example, the thickness of the coating is 30μm, 40μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 150μm, 200μm, 250μm, 300μm, 350μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm, 550μm, 6100μm, 650μm, 700μm, 750μm, 800μm, 850μm, 900μm, 950μm, 1000μm, or any value between the two.

[0032] In this embodiment, the thickness of the composite coating meets the above conditions, which is beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of the electrode plate and extending its service life. Furthermore, it also helps to achieve better adhesion between the composite coating and the electrode plate, reducing the risks of large stress differences and weakened stability between the composite coating and the electrode plate.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the electrode plate satisfies at least one of the following: (A) The material of the substrate layer includes one or more of the following: metals containing the first metallic element, alloys, oxides, nitrides, and sulfides; optionally, the material of the substrate layer includes one or more of the following: NiAl alloy, NiMo alloy, and NiAlMo alloy. (B) The metal particles include one or more of pure metal particles and alloy particles containing the first metallic element; optionally, the metal particles include one or more of tantalum metal particles, tantalum-niobium alloy particles, niobium-zirconium alloy particles, zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, titanium-niobium-zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, and hafnium-titanium-tantalum-niobium alloy particles.

[0034] In this embodiment, the material of the substrate layer can be any one or a combination of several of the following: a metallic element containing the first metallic element, a metallic alloy containing the first metallic element, an oxide containing the first metallic element, a nitride containing the first metallic element, and a sulfide containing the first metallic element. This allows the lubricating and sacrificial layers to function fully.

[0035] Furthermore, the substrate layer material can be selected from one or more of NiAl alloy, NiMo, and NiAlMo alloy to improve the overall corrosion resistance of the electrode plate.

[0036] In this embodiment, the metal particles can be pure metal particles containing a first metallic element, that is, metal particles composed of a single metallic element and containing no other metallic elements or alloy phases except for unavoidable impurities. For example, they can be one or more of titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, and hafnium metal particles.

[0037] The metal particles can also be alloy particles containing a primary metallic element, such as binary alloy particles, ternary alloy particles, quaternary alloy particles, pentagonal alloy particles, or one or more of the above-mentioned multi-element alloy particles. This helps to better improve the overall conductivity and corrosion resistance of the composite coating.

[0038] Furthermore, the metal particles can be selected from one or more of the following: tantalum metal particles, tantalum-niobium alloy particles, niobium-zirconium alloy particles, zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, titanium-niobium-zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, and hafnium-titanium-tantalum-niobium alloy particles, which helps to better improve the overall corrosion resistance.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the mass percentage of metal particles is 15%-35% based on the total mass of the composite coating.

[0040] In this embodiment, the mass ratio of metal particles in the composite coating meets the above conditions, which helps to better balance the functions of improving the conductivity, corrosion resistance, and cohesion of the composite coating.

[0041] In some embodiments of this application, the electrode plate includes one or more of a bipolar plate and an end plate; wherein the end plate includes one or more of a positive end plate and a negative end plate. Further, embodiments of this application provide the aforementioned composite coating on at least one side of the bipolar plate.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, the electrode plate includes a monopolar plate or a bipolar plate. The electrode plate may be a monopolar plate with a composite coating disposed on either side of the monopolar plate; the electrode plate may also be a bipolar plate with a composite coating disposed on both sides of the bipolar plate.

[0043] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing an electrode plate, comprising: Using a first raw material containing a first metallic element as the main material and a second raw material containing a second metallic element as the auxiliary material, a composite coating is formed on at least one side surface of the electrode plate by thermal spraying. The composite coating includes a substrate layer and metal particles distributed within the substrate layer; the substrate layer contains a first metal element, which includes one or more of Ni, Al, and Mo; the metal particles contain a second metal element, which includes one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf; based on the total mass of the composite coating, the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%-50%.

[0044] This application employs a thermal spraying method to prepare a corrosion-resistant composite coating. A base layer containing a first metallic element is formed by supplying main powder, providing lubrication and sacrificial functions. Metal particles containing a second metallic element are formed by supplying auxiliary powder. By controlling the auxiliary powder supply temperature below its melting temperature, the auxiliary powder is not fully melted or completely melted. This results in the second metallic element being distributed in granular form within the base layer, providing conductivity, corrosion protection, and improved adhesion of the composite coating. Thus, the composite coating composed of the metal particles and the base layer can be automatically renewed and regenerated, extending its service life while also achieving good conductivity and electrolytic performance.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the thermal spraying method includes plasma spraying.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, the control parameters for plasma spraying include at least one of the following: (a) The main ingredient powder feeding rate is 5g / min-80g / min; (b) The feed rate of the excipient powder is 5g / min-80g / min; (c) The gas flow rate is 10 L / min - 100 L / min; (d) Current is 200A-1000A; (e) Voltage is 20V-200V; (f) Spraying distance is 20cm-150cm.

[0047] As an example, the main ingredient feeding rate is 5 g / min, 10 g / min, 15 g / min, 20 g / min, 25 g / min, 30 g / min, 35 g / min, 40 g / min, 45 g / min, 50 g / min, 55 g / min, 60 g / min, 65 g / min, 70 g / min, 75 g / min, 80 g / min or any value between the two.

[0048] As an example, the main ingredient feeding rate is 5 g / min, 10 g / min, 15 g / min, 20 g / min, 25 g / min, 30 g / min, 35 g / min, 40 g / min, 45 g / min, 50 g / min, 55 g / min, 60 g / min, 65 g / min, 70 g / min, 75 g / min, 80 g / min or any value between the two.

[0049] As an example, the gas flow rate is 10 L / min, 20 L / min, 30 L / min, 40 L / min, 50 L / min, 60 L / min, 70 L / min, 80 L / min, 90 L / min, 100 L / min or any range between two of these values.

[0050] As an example, the current is 200A, 250A, 300A, 350A, 400A, 450A, 500A, 550A, 600A, 650A, 700A, 750A, 800A, 850A, 900A, 950A, 1000A, or any value between the two.

[0051] As an example, the voltage is 20V, 40V, 60V, 80V, 100V, 120V, 140V, 160V, 180V, 1000V, or any value between two of them.

[0052] As an example, the spraying distance is 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, 100cm, 110cm, 120cm, 130cm, 140cm, 150cm or any value between two of these.

[0053] In the embodiments of this application, the powder supply rate, gas flow rate, current, voltage, spraying distance, powder material and its particle size all have a direct impact on the coating performance. Among them, the powder supply rate affects the degree of powder melting and the spraying speed; the gas flow rate affects the spraying speed and coating morphology. The higher the gas flow rate, the faster the molten powder particles will impact the substrate surface and form the coating; the energy required for powder melting mainly comes from the energy output by the power supply, i.e., current and voltage. The higher the total power, the higher the degree of powder melting; the powder material and particle size determine the coating composition and morphology.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the electrode plate is pretreated before being treated with thermal spraying. As an example, the pretreatment includes one or more treatment steps such as sandblasting, acid washing, alkali washing, and water washing, which can improve the surface roughness of the electrode plate and facilitate the removal of contaminants from the electrode plate surface.

[0055] In addition, as an example, the method also includes fixing the electrode plate to the spraying table to shield areas that do not need to be sprayed, such as the sealing groove.

[0056] The third aspect of the embodiments of this application provides an electrolysis chamber, including the electrode plate proposed in the first aspect above, or the electrode plate prepared by the method proposed in the second aspect above.

[0057] The electrolysis chamber provided in this application includes the electrode plate mentioned in the first embodiment, and has a good service life and high electrolysis efficiency.

[0058] A fourth aspect of the embodiments of this application provides an electrolytic cell, including the electrode plate proposed in the first aspect or the electrode plate prepared by the method proposed in the second aspect; and / or, including the electrolytic chamber proposed in the third aspect.

[0059] The electrolytic cell provided in this application embodiment may include the electrode plate mentioned above, or the electrolytic cell mentioned above, or both the electrode plate and the electrolytic cell mentioned above, and has a good service life and high electrolysis efficiency.

[0060] The following will explain the solution of this application with reference to embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0061] [Performance Testing] 1. Surface resistivity test: Place 60mm diameter gold-plated copper electrodes on both sides of the sample to be tested, connect a 10A DC power supply, use a 5.5-digit multimeter to measure the voltage between the gold-plated copper electrodes, and apply a pressure of 0-2MPa using a universal testing machine. Calculate the surface resistivity (mΩ • cm) according to the following formula. 2 ).

[0062] R =

[0063] Where A0 represents the area of ​​the gold-plated copper electrode (cm²) 2 I represents the current, and V represents the reading of the precision multimeter when testing the coating sample.

[0064] 2. Electrolysis performance test: Assemble the bipolar plate sample into an electrolytic cell and test at 60℃.

[0065] 3. Electrolysis life test: The electrolytic cell was maintained at an operating temperature of 60℃ for 100 hours. The electrolytic cell consists of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes located between the bipolar plates. Nafion 115 was used as the proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode, the cathode side catalyst layer used a platinum-carbon catalyst, and the anode side catalyst layer used an iridium black catalyst.

[0066]

Preparation Method

[0067] Examples 2-4 The composite coating was prepared using the method of Example 1, with the main difference being that the main materials were different, resulting in different compositions of the substrate layer.

[0068] Examples 5-6 The composite coating was prepared using the method of Example 1. The main difference is that the powder supply rate of the main powder supply system and the powder supply rate of the auxiliary powder supply system are different, resulting in different mass proportions of metal particles in the composite coating and different thicknesses of the composite coating.

[0069] Examples 7-11 The composite coating was prepared using the method of Example 1, with the main difference being that the main materials and auxiliary materials were different, and other parameters were adjusted accordingly.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 The bipolar plate was processed using the method of Example 1, except that no auxiliary powder was supplied, and the resulting composite coating did not contain metal particles.

[0071] Comparative Example 2 The bipolar plate was processed using the method of Example 1, except that: no main material powder was supplied, and the powder supply rate of the auxiliary material powder supply system was 60 g / min.

[0072] The preparation parameters for Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are shown in Table 1, and the resulting composite coatings are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 1

[0074] Table 2

[0075] Note: In Table 2, the alloy content "%" represents the molar percentage content.

[0076] The performance of the electrodes obtained in Examples 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0077] Table 3

[0078] As shown in Table 3, Comparative Example 1 used only the substrate layer as the anti-corrosion coating, and Comparative Example 2 used only metal particles to form the anti-corrosion coating. Both exhibited voltage rise issues during the life test, indicating poor corrosion resistance and stability. In contrast, Examples 1-11 of this application use a composite coating formed by both the substrate layer and metal particles. The synergistic effect of these two materials allows for stable operation during the life test, with no significant voltage rise, demonstrating excellent corrosion resistance. Furthermore, it also reduces the sacrifice of electrode resistance and electrolytic cell performance, resulting in good overall performance.

[0079] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electrode plate, characterized in that, At least one surface of the electrode plate is provided with a composite coating; the composite coating includes a substrate layer and metal particles distributed within the substrate layer; The substrate layer contains a first metallic element, which includes one or more of Ni, Al, and Mo. The metal particles contain a second metal element, which includes one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf. Based on the total mass of the composite coating, the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%-50%.

2. The electrode plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the metal particles is 10μm-50μm.

3. The electrode plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the composite coating is 30μm-1000μm.

4. The electrode plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Meet at least one of the following: (A) The material of the substrate layer includes one or more of the following: metals, alloys, oxides, nitrides, and sulfides containing the first metallic element; optionally, the material of the substrate layer includes one or more of the following: NiAl alloy, NiMo alloy, and NiAlMo alloy. (B) The metal particles include one or more of pure metal particles and alloy particles containing the first metal element; optionally, the metal particles include one or more of tantalum metal particles, tantalum-niobium alloy particles, niobium-zirconium alloy particles, zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, titanium-niobium-zirconium-hafnium alloy particles, and hafnium-titanium-tantalum-niobium alloy particles.

5. The electrode plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Based on the total mass of the composite coating, the mass percentage of the metal particles is 15%-35%.

6. A method for preparing an electrode plate, characterized in that, include: Using a first raw material containing a first metallic element as the main material and a second raw material containing a second metallic element as the auxiliary material, a composite coating is formed on at least one side surface of the electrode plate by thermal spraying. The composite coating includes a substrate layer and metal particles distributed within the substrate layer; The substrate layer contains the first metal element, which includes one or more of Ni, Al, and Mo. The metal particles contain the second metal element, which includes one or more of Ti, Ta, Nb, Zr, and Hf; based on the total mass of the composite coating, the mass percentage of the metal particles is 10%-50%.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thermal spraying method includes plasma spraying.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control parameters for the plasma spraying method include at least one of the following: (a) The main ingredient powder feeding rate is 5g / min-80g / min; (b) The feed rate of the excipient powder is 5g / min-80g / min; (c) The gas flow rate is 10 L / min - 100 L / min; (d) Current is 200A-1000A; (e) Voltage is 20V-200V; (f) Spraying distance is 20cm-150cm.

9. An electrolysis chamber, characterized in that, The electrode plate includes any one of claims 1 to 5, or the electrode plate prepared by the method described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. An electrolytic cell, characterized in that, The electrode includes the electrode plate described in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the electrode plate prepared by the method described in any one of claims 7 to 9; and / or, the electrolysis chamber described in claim 9.

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