A high-efficiency short fiber atomizing oiling device

Abstract

The patent application belongs to the technical field of chemical fiber production, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency atomization oiling device for short fibers arranged after a short fiber crimping process, which comprises an oil agent supply assembly for conveying constant-temperature oil agent, a compressed air supply assembly for providing compressed gas, an atomization oiling assembly comprising at least one mixed atomization nozzle, the mixed atomization nozzle comprising a liquid nozzle in communication with the oil agent supply assembly and a gas nozzle in communication with the compressed air supply assembly, the compressed gas sprayed by the gas nozzle being obliquely blown to the oil agent of the liquid nozzle and then to the fiber tows, and a metering controller for controlling the conveying pressure of the oil agent supply assembly and the compressed air supply assembly. The purpose is to atomize the oil agent and blow the fiber tows by using the compressed gas through the mixed atomization nozzle, effectively improve the utilization rate of the oil agent, improve the uniformity of oiling, effectively improve the quality, and significantly reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical fiber production technology, specifically to a high-efficiency atomized oiling device for short fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical staple fibers require oiling during post-processing to improve fiber bundle properties, antistatic properties, and softness. Generally, two oiling methods are used: one is to apply oil before the crimping process, and the other is to apply oil after the crimping process.

[0003] Applying oil before the crimping process has the following drawbacks: Before crimping, the fiber needs to pass through a preheating box, where the steam washes away most of the oil, reducing the actual oil content and wasting the oil. Simultaneously, the increased lubricity of the oiled fiber surface makes it prone to slippage of the pressure rollers when entering the crimping machine. Applying oil after the crimping process results in a three-dimensional crimped fiber, making it difficult for the oil to penetrate the fiber. This leads to severely uneven oiling and large deviations in fiber oil content. This uneven oil content is particularly problematic for short fibers used in sanitary napkins, diapers, and other hygiene materials, as it affects the stability of their specific hydrophilic and water-repellent functional properties.

[0004] In the prior art (CN115679461A), a high-pressure atomization oiling device for polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber precursor is used to atomize the oil agent with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle and to use compressed air to purge so that the oil mist adheres to the fiber surface. Although the above solution can assist the atomized gas to adhere evenly to the fiber surface through gas purging, the oil agent still has difficulty penetrating into the interior of the curled fiber, and the oil content varies greatly in different areas, affecting its hydrophilicity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers, which uses a mixing atomizing nozzle to atomize the oil and blow the fiber bundle with compressed gas, thereby improving the uniformity of oiling.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers, disposed after the short fiber crimping process, the high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers comprising: Oil supply assembly for conveying temperature-controlled oil; Compressed air supply assembly for supplying compressed gas; The atomizing oiling assembly includes at least one mixing atomizing nozzle, which includes a liquid nozzle connected to an oil supply assembly and an air nozzle connected to a compressed air supply assembly. The compressed gas ejected from the air nozzle is blown obliquely toward the oil in the liquid nozzle and then toward the fiber bundle. A metering controller is used to control the delivery pressure of the oil supply assembly and the compressed air supply assembly.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By placing the oiling device after the curling process, the present invention avoids the washing loss of oil by the steam in the preheating box, thereby improving the utilization rate of the oil.

[0008] 2. In the existing high-pressure atomizing nozzle, the high-pressure pump pressurizes the atomizing agent and sprays it out from a specially designed small hole, with an average particle size of about 20 micrometers. In contrast, this solution uses a hybrid atomizing nozzle, which uses compressed gas to obliquely impact the oil agent, causing the oil agent to break down fine particles and produce atomized particles of 1-10 micrometers. This improves the atomization effect, and the gas outlet in this solution can be set to be larger, making it less prone to clogging. Smaller particles can penetrate the three-dimensional structure of the curled fiber more easily.

[0009] 3. Compressed gas directly blows the fiber bundle, making the tightly packed parts of the fiber bundle more fluffy, causing each filament to vibrate. The compressed gas delivers the atomized oil to the fiber bundle for oiling, making the oiling more uniform and improving its hydrophilicity.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the mixing atomizing nozzles is multiple, and the multiple mixing atomizing nozzles are staggered along the fiber bundle conveying direction.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By setting multiple mixing atomizing nozzles in a staggered manner, the oiling efficiency is higher and it is less likely to require repeated oiling.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the injection pressure of the air nozzle is 0.4-0.6 MPa.

[0013] Beneficial effects: By limiting the nozzle injection pressure to the range of 0.4-0.6 MPa, when the pressure is below 0.4 MPa, atomization is insufficient, the oil particles are too large, and it is difficult to penetrate; when the pressure is above 0.6 MPa, the compressed gas is prone to damaging the crimped fibers, resulting in a decrease in crimp and the formation of fuzz. This pressure range, combined with the dual-fluid structure, can make the oil particles of appropriate size, ensuring that the oil penetration depth reaches the center of the fiber bundle, while maintaining the original crimped shape of the fiber and making it less likely to be damaged.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle between the airflow direction of the air nozzle and the liquid flow direction of the liquid nozzle is 35°-60°.

[0015] Beneficial effects: By controlling the angle between the airflow and the liquid flow within the range of 35°-60°, the shear force of the gas on the liquid oil agent and the coverage of the fiber bundle are guaranteed.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, quick-connect fittings are provided on both sides of the mixing atomizing nozzle, and the two quick-connect fittings are respectively connected to the liquid regulating valve and the gas regulating valve.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The quick-connect fittings facilitate easy assembly and disassembly, and the inclusion of liquid and gas regulating valves allows for convenient adjustment of parameters for different processes.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the mixing atomizing nozzles has a plurality of air nozzles, which are arranged in a ring around the liquid nozzle.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Compared with unidirectional atomization, the annular arrangement improves the uniformity of the oil on the fiber bundle and reduces the difference in oil content between the center and the edge of the fiber bundle; this structure is more suitable for the three-dimensional oiling requirements of three-dimensional crimped fibers, ensuring that the crimped and concave parts can also fully contact the oil.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing atomizing nozzle includes a housing and a driving assembly. The air nozzle and the liquid nozzle are both disposed at the end of the housing. A driving internal gear ring is rotatably mounted at the end of the housing, and the driving assembly can drive the internal gear ring to rotate. The air nozzle includes a limiting frame, an elastic cylinder, a fixed cylinder, a rotating shaft, a transmission gear, a main cam, and an elastic support seat. The fixed cylinder is connected to the air passage inside the mixing atomizing nozzle through the elastic cylinder. The fixed cylinder is slidably connected to the limiting frame. The rotating shaft is installed at the end of the outer shell. The transmission gear and the main cam are both installed on the rotating shaft. The transmission gear meshes with the internal gear ring. The fixed cylinder is clamped between the main cam and the elastic support seat. When the internal gear ring rotates, it can drive the main cam to squeeze the fixed cylinder to move along the limiting frame, thereby moving it closer to or away from the liquid nozzle.

[0021] Beneficial effects: This device can simultaneously adjust the distance between the air nozzle and the liquid nozzle. For high-viscosity oils that are difficult to disperse, the distance can be reduced. When the distance is large, the airflow will spread rapidly after being sprayed from the air nozzle, and the shear component parallel to the oil surface will decrease sharply. When in contact with the oil, the shear force formed by the airflow is insufficient, resulting in larger oil droplets and poor atomization. By shortening the distance, the airflow contacts the oil earlier, thus ensuring that high-viscosity oils are atomized.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a slidable pressure block is also slidably connected to the limiting frame, and a secondary cam is fixedly connected to the main cam. The main cam and the secondary cam rotate coaxially. An elastic surface is provided at the upper end of the fixed cylinder. The slidable pressure block is clamped between the secondary cam and the elastic surface. When the liquid nozzle moves away from the air nozzle, the secondary cam squeezes the elastic surface through the slidable pressure block, making the opening of the fixed cylinder smaller.

[0023] Beneficial effects: After the gas is ejected from the nozzle, it naturally diffuses in all directions, forming a wider and gentler airflow field. When the nozzle is close to the liquid nozzle, the airflow can act on the oil earlier and more directly, theoretically improving the shearing efficiency. However, when the distance between the nozzle and the liquid nozzle is shortened to a certain point, the airflow has not yet dispersed before impacting the oil, forming a concentrated airflow (at this time, more impact components perpendicular to the airflow are generated, while fewer shear components parallel to the oil surface are generated). The narrow-range and concentrated airflow will directly knock the oil away, causing splashing and resulting in poor atomization. Therefore, this solution reduces the single-point impact force by shortening the distance between the nozzle and the liquid nozzle while widening the nozzle opening, avoiding direct splashing of the oil. Furthermore, the increased nozzle opening creates a wider airflow, increasing the range of shearing force and thus ensuring the atomization effect. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the mixing atomizing nozzle in Embodiment 1 of the high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mixing atomizing nozzle in Embodiment 3 of the high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air nozzle structure in Embodiment 3 of the high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers of the present invention.

[0025] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: 1. Mixing atomizing nozzle; 2. Liquid nozzle; 3. Gas nozzle; 31. Limiting bracket; 32. Elastic cylinder; 33. Fixed cylinder; 33. Elastic surface; 331. Rotating shaft; 34. Transmission gear; 35. Main cam; 36. Sub-cam; 361. Elastic support seat; 37. Inclined pressure block; 38. Quick connector; 4. Outer shell; 5. Internal gear ring; 6. Quick connector; 7. Liquid regulating valve; 71. Gas regulating valve; 72. Drive gear; 8. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be specifically described in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations herein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the structure referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] Example 1 See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers, which is set after the short fiber crimping process. The device includes an oil supply component for conveying a constant-temperature oil; a compressed air supply component for providing compressed gas; and an atomizing oiling component including at least one mixing atomizing nozzle 1. The mixing atomizing nozzle 1 includes a liquid nozzle 2 connected to the oil supply component and an air nozzle 3 connected to the compressed air supply component. The compressed gas ejected from the air nozzle 3 is obliquely blown towards the oil in the liquid nozzle 2 and then towards the fiber bundle. A metering controller is used to control the delivery pressure of the oil supply component and the compressed air supply component.

[0029] In this embodiment, the oil supply assembly uses a 500L SUS304 stainless steel oil tank with a built-in steam heating coil to maintain the oil temperature at 45±2℃ via a steam heating system. The oil supply pump is a high-precision diaphragm metering pump (model: JXM-A50 / 0.5) with a rated flow rate of 50L / h, equipped with a frequency converter for stepless speed regulation. The compressed air supply assembly uses instrument compressed air with a dew point ≤-25℃. Figure 1 The main pipeline pressure is 0.7 MPa, which is reduced by a precision pressure regulating valve (accuracy ±0.01 MPa) before being supplied to the atomizing nozzles. The atomizing oil supply assembly includes multiple mixing atomizing nozzles, each made of 316L stainless steel. The metering controller uses a PLC control system (model: Siemens S7-200 SMART) to control the oil pump frequency converter and pneumatic pressure regulating valve via 4-20mA signals, achieving independent and precise adjustment of oil pressure (0.2-0.5 MPa) and air pressure (0.3-0.7 MPa).

[0030] Among them, see Figure 2 As shown, the mixing atomizing nozzle 1 includes a liquid nozzle 2 and an air nozzle 3. The liquid nozzle 2 is connected to the outlet of the diaphragm pump through a stainless steel pipe. The air nozzle 3 is at an angle of 45° to the axis of the liquid nozzle 2. The airflow is blown obliquely toward the oil sprayed from the liquid nozzle 2. The vertical distance between the nozzle outlet and the fiber bundle is 80mm.

[0031] The mixing atomizing nozzle 1 is provided with quick-connect connectors 4 on both sides, and the two quick-connect connectors 4 are respectively connected to the liquid regulating valve 71 and the gas regulating valve 72. The quick-connect connectors 4 facilitate disassembly and assembly, and the liquid regulating valve 71 and the gas regulating valve 72 facilitate the adjustment of their parameters for different processes.

[0032] The working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows: 2.5D×38mm polyester staple fibers are passed through a crimping machine at a speed of 120m / min and then enter the oiling zone of this device. The diaphragm metering pump is started, and the oil flow rate is set to 2.5L / h. Compressed air is turned on, and the pressure of air nozzle 3 is adjusted to 0.45MPa. After the oil flows out through liquid nozzle 2, it is sheared and broken by the oblique high-speed airflow, forming atomized droplets with an average particle size of 5-8μm, which are directly sprayed onto the surface of the fluffy fiber bundle. The airflow simultaneously agitates the fibers, increasing the local bulkiness of the dense fiber bundle by 15%-20%, thus promoting oil penetration.

[0033] Example 2 Based on the first embodiment, the high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers in this embodiment has multiple mixing atomizing nozzles 1 arranged alternately along the fiber bundle advancing direction and located on both sides of the fiber bundle, with a spacing of 150mm between each nozzle on one side.

[0034] In this embodiment, compared to traditional oiling devices, the standard deviation of the transverse oil content distribution of fibers decreased from 0.12% for a single nozzle to 0.04%, and the difference in oil content between edge fibers and center fibers decreased from 0.18% to 0.06%. Hydrophilicity tests showed that the difference in liquid penetration time decreased from 3.2 seconds to 1.1 seconds.

[0035] Example 3 See Figure 3 As shown, based on the second embodiment, the short fiber high-efficiency atomizing oiling device of this embodiment has each of the mixed atomizing nozzles 1 having multiple air nozzles 3, and the multiple air nozzles 3 are arranged in a ring around the liquid nozzle 2.

[0036] Among them, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the mixing atomizing nozzle 1 includes a housing 5 and a drive assembly. Both the air nozzle 3 and the liquid nozzle 2 are located at the end of the housing 5. A drive internal gear ring 6 is rotatably mounted at the end of the housing 5, and the drive assembly can drive the internal gear ring 6 to rotate. The air nozzle 3 includes a limiting frame 31, an elastic cylinder 32, a fixed cylinder 33, a rotating shaft 34, a transmission gear 35, a main cam 36, and an elastic support seat 37. The fixed cylinder 33 communicates with the air passage inside the mixing atomizing nozzle 1 through the elastic cylinder 32. The fixed cylinder 33 is slidably connected to the limiting frame 31. The rotating shaft 34 is mounted at the end of the housing 5. The transmission gear 35 and the main cam 36 are both mounted on the rotating shaft 34. The transmission gear 35 meshes with the internal gear ring 6, and the fixed cylinder 33 is clamped between the main cam 36 and the elastic support seat 37. When the internal gear ring 6 rotates, it can drive the main cam 36 to press the fixed cylinder 33 along the limiting frame 31, thereby moving it closer to or away from the liquid nozzle 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, the driving component is a servo motor, which drives the internal gear ring 6 to rotate through the drive gear 8; the elastic support seat 37 is supported by a compression spring 7.

[0038] The limiting frame 31 is also slidably connected to an inclined pressure block 38. The main cam 36 is fixedly connected to a secondary cam 361, which rotates coaxially with the secondary cam 361. The upper end of the fixed cylinder 33 is provided with an elastic surface 331. The inclined pressure block 38 is clamped between the secondary cam 361 and the elastic surface 331. When the liquid nozzle 2 moves away from the air nozzle 3, the secondary cam 361 squeezes the elastic surface 331 through the inclined pressure block 38, making the opening of the fixed cylinder 33 smaller. When the air nozzle 3 moves away from the liquid nozzle 2, the secondary cam 361 squeezes the elastic surface 331 through the pressure block, making the opening of the fixed cylinder 33 smaller. The curved surfaces of the main cam 36 and the secondary cam 361 determine the ratio of the distance to the opening. The main cam 36 and the secondary cam 361 with corresponding curved surfaces are set according to the specific process parameters.

[0039] In this embodiment, Figure 5 In the middle stage, the distance between the air nozzle 3 and the liquid nozzle 2 is at its minimum. When the servo motor drives the air nozzle 3 away from the liquid nozzle 2, the main cam 36 rotates, and the fixed cylinder 33 moves upward under the influence of the compression spring 7. At the same time, the elastic surface 331 moves upward with the fixed cylinder 33 and is squeezed by the secondary cam 361, making the opening smaller. Due to the curved surface of the secondary cam 361, the proportion of the opening reduction can be limited. The secondary cam 361 pushes the inclined pressure block 38 to slide inward, squeezing the elastic surface 331 at the upper end of the fixed cylinder 33, causing the inner diameter at the outlet of the fixed cylinder 33 to shrink.

[0040] The dual-cam structure of this solution allows for synchronous adjustment, ensuring the stability of oil application.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers, characterized in that, The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for the short fibers, located after the short fiber crimping process, includes: Oil supply assembly for conveying temperature-controlled oil; Compressed air supply assembly for supplying compressed gas; The atomizing oiling assembly includes at least one mixing atomizing nozzle, which includes a liquid nozzle connected to an oil supply assembly and an air nozzle connected to a compressed air supply assembly. The compressed gas ejected from the air nozzle is blown obliquely toward the oil in the liquid nozzle and then toward the fiber bundle. A metering controller is used to control the delivery pressure of the oil supply assembly and the compressed air supply assembly.

2. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the mixing atomizing nozzles is multiple, and the multiple mixing atomizing nozzles are staggered along the fiber bundle conveying direction.

3. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection pressure of the air nozzle is 0.4-0.6 MPa.

4. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the airflow direction of the air nozzle and the liquid flow direction of the liquid nozzle is 35°-60°.

5. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing atomizing nozzle is provided with quick-connect fittings on both sides, and the two quick-connect fittings are connected to the liquid regulating valve and the gas regulating valve respectively.

6. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned mixing atomizing nozzles has multiple air nozzles arranged in a ring around the liquid nozzle.

7. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixing atomizing nozzle includes a housing and a drive assembly. Both the air nozzle and the liquid nozzle are disposed at the end of the housing. A drive internal gear ring is rotatably mounted at the end of the housing, and the drive assembly can drive the internal gear ring to rotate. The air nozzle includes a limiting frame, an elastic cylinder, a fixed cylinder, a rotating shaft, a transmission gear, a main cam, and an elastic support seat. The fixed cylinder is connected to the air passage inside the mixing atomizing nozzle through the elastic cylinder. The fixed cylinder is slidably connected to the limiting frame. The rotating shaft is installed at the end of the outer shell. The transmission gear and the main cam are both installed on the rotating shaft. The transmission gear meshes with the internal gear ring. The fixed cylinder is clamped between the main cam and the elastic support seat. When the internal gear ring rotates, it can drive the main cam to squeeze the fixed cylinder to move along the limiting frame, thereby moving it closer to or away from the liquid nozzle.

8. The high-efficiency atomizing oiling device for short fibers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting frame is also slidably connected to an inclined pressure block, and a secondary cam is fixedly connected to the main cam. The main cam and the secondary cam rotate coaxially. The upper end of the fixed cylinder is provided with an elastic surface. The inclined pressure block is clamped between the secondary cam and the elastic surface. When the liquid nozzle moves away from the air nozzle, the secondary cam squeezes the elastic surface through the inclined pressure block, making the opening of the fixed cylinder smaller.

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