A land surveying instrument

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of land survey, and particularly relates to a land surveying instrument, which comprises a vehicle body, a laser range finder fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body, and an insert type marking assembly arranged on the vehicle body; the insert type marking assembly comprises a plurality of slide rods I slidably connected to the upper side of the vehicle body, the upper end of each slide rod I is fixedly connected with a storage hopper, the bottom of the storage hopper is provided with an opening, a plurality of marking nails are arranged in the inner cavity of the storage hopper, one end of each marking nail is fixedly connected with a clamping block, and the side end face of each clamping block is coated with fluorescent paint. The insert type marking assembly is used to mark the road surface by inserting the marking nails at the starting end and the end of the uneven road surface. When subsequent operators trace the uneven road surface, the marking nails can be easily found due to the sharp contrast between the fluorescent paint and the color of the road surface, so that the position and length of the uneven road surface can be determined, and the repair work can be facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of land surveying technology, specifically a land surveying instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Land surveying is a technique that uses surveying, remote sensing, and geographic information systems to accurately determine and map the quantity, distribution, topography, and other characteristics of land. During road construction, measuring land flatness is a crucial step in ensuring project quality, traffic safety, construction efficiency, and long-term performance.

[0003] Patent CN118936384B discloses a land surveying device for land management, comprising: a measuring instrument push rod, a wheel frame at the bottom of the push rod, a measuring wheel within the wheel frame, an electronic display screen on the push rod, and a marking mechanism on one side of the wheel frame. This mechanism marks the smoothing distance when the measuring wheel slips, allowing workers to quickly identify and return to the point where the slippage began, thus re-measuring accurately and avoiding measurement errors caused by slippage. When the measuring wheel slips on wet soil, the invention uses internal controls to spray powdered lime from a powder storage chamber onto the slipping path of the measuring wheel. The automatic spraying of lime immediately marks the problem point, allowing workers to directly return to that point for re-measurement, significantly improving work efficiency.

[0004] However, the above technical solutions still have the following shortcomings in practical applications: When road surface problems are detected, lime is sprayed onto the road as an indicator to facilitate subsequent repair work. However, in strong winds, the lime is easily blown away, causing the indicators to disappear and making them difficult to locate. Secondly, while using stronger adhesive pigments for marking can resist wind, they leave marks on the road surface, affecting its appearance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention proposes a land surveying instrument.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a land surveying instrument, including a vehicle body, a laser rangefinder fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body, and an insertable marking component also provided on the vehicle body; The insertable marking assembly includes multiple sliding rods slidably connected to the upper side of the vehicle body. A storage hopper is fixedly connected to the upper end of each sliding rod. The bottom of the storage hopper has an opening, and multiple marking nails are placed inside the storage hopper. A locking block is fixedly connected to one end of each marking nail. One end face of the locking block is coated with fluorescent paint. Two sliding rods are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the bottom of the storage hopper, and threaded rods are rotatably connected to both ends of the other side. Sliding blocks are slidably connected to the sliding rods and threaded rods, respectively. Two connecting rods are rotatably connected to one side of each sliding block. Connecting rod 2 is rotatably connected to one end of each connecting rod 3. A transverse frame is rotatably connected to one end of each connecting rod 2. Cylinders are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of each transverse frame. A clamping block is fixedly connected to the piston end of each cylinder. A stop block is slidably connected to one side of the storage hopper.

[0007] Preferably, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to one side of the storage hopper, the piston end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to one side of the stop block, a vision sensor two is provided at one end of the transverse frame, a motor seven is fixedly connected to one side of the slider, and the output end of the motor seven is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod three.

[0008] Preferably, a motor is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the storage hopper, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a linear arrangement auxiliary component; The linear arrangement auxiliary component includes an eccentric block rotatably mounted on one side of the vehicle body, and an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the storage hopper. The eccentric block is in contact with one side surface of the extrusion plate.

[0010] Preferably, a motor is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one side of the eccentric block.

[0011] Preferably, a spring is fitted on one side of the slide rod, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to one side of the storage hopper, and the other end is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, and a bar magnet is provided on one side of the bottom opening of the storage hopper.

[0012] Preferably, the vehicle body is also equipped with a stone interference prevention component; The anti-stone interference component includes two connecting rods rotatably mounted on one side of the vehicle body. A connecting block is rotatably mounted on one end of each connecting rod. Two sliding rods are slidably connected to one side of the connecting block. A scraper is fixedly connected to the lower end of each sliding rod.

[0013] Preferably, a second motor is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the first connecting rod. A second spring is sleeved on one side of the third sliding rod, and one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the connecting block, while the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the third sliding rod.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a tagging and recycling component; The marking and recycling assembly includes a guide rail frame fixedly connected to one side of the upper part of the vehicle body. A lifting plate is slidably connected to one side of the guide rail frame. Two sliding rods are slidably connected to one side of the lifting plate. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rods. A bucket is rotatably mounted on both ends of the connecting frame. Multiple serrations are provided on one side of the bucket. A fixed box is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket. A pull-out box is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed box. A baffle is rotatably mounted on one side of the bucket. A vision sensor is mounted on one side of the vehicle body.

[0015] Preferably, a threaded rod is threadedly connected to one side of the lifting plate, and both ends of the threaded rod are rotatably mounted on the guide rail frame. A motor is fixedly connected to one side of the guide rail frame, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod. A spring is sleeved on one side of the sliding rod, and one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, while the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod. A motor is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the connecting frame, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket. A motor is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket, and the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The land surveying instrument of this invention utilizes an insertable marking component to mark the road surface by inserting marking nails at the beginning and end of uneven areas. When tracing uneven areas later, workers can easily locate the marking nails due to the clear contrast between the fluorescent paint and the road surface color, thus determining the location and length of the uneven areas and facilitating repair work. Furthermore, compared to spraying lime onto the road surface, this method is less prone to marking disappearance due to strong winds, resulting in high marking stability. Moreover, compared to marking with paint, this method allows the marking nails to be removed from the road surface after locating them, and the insertion holes to be buried, leaving no marks on the road surface and ensuring its aesthetic appeal.

[0017] 2. The land surveying instrument of this invention utilizes a linear arrangement auxiliary component. After multiple marker nails are added to the storage hopper, the hopper is vibrated, causing the marker nails to move continuously until a few nails pass through the opening, at which point they can be retrieved. If no nail passes through, the vibration continues. This method eliminates manual arrangement and is convenient to operate. Simultaneously, the continuous movement of the marker nails effectively prevents them from getting stuck in the hopper. Furthermore, marker nails that pass through the opening are immediately attracted by a bar magnet, using magnetic force to overcome their inertia and prevent them from bouncing back. This ensures that all successfully retrieved marker nails are stably positioned for easy subsequent retrieval.

[0018] 3. The land surveying instrument of the present invention utilizes an anti-stone interference component. Before the marking nail is inserted into the road, a scraper is driven to slide along the area where the marking nail is to be inserted, pushing away the stones, so that the marking nail can be inserted into the road surface normally. This avoids the situation where the marking work cannot be carried out smoothly due to the presence of stones in the area to be marked on the road surface.

[0019] 4. The land surveying instrument of this invention utilizes a marker retrieval component to collect all marker nails inserted into the road surface into a pull-out box. Workers simply need to remove the pull-out box and empty the marker nails back into the storage hopper for reuse. This eliminates the need for workers to manually remove the marker nails, making operation convenient and labor-saving. By achieving automatic insertion and retrieval of marker nails, a closed-loop workflow is completed, significantly improving the efficiency of continuous operations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the storage hopper; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting platform; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section three-dimensional structure of the bucket section; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slide bar. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the marking pin; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a connecting rod; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the storage hopper from another perspective; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting frame; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the two vision sensors.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Storage bucket; 3. Guide rail frame; 4. Slide rod one; 5. Spring one; 6. Connecting rod one; 7. Slide rod two; 8. Slider; 9. Electric push rod; 10. Stop block; 11. Lateral movement frame; 12. Marking pin; 13. Motor one; 14. Motor two; 15. Connecting block; 16. Slide rod three; 17. Spring two; 18. Scraper; 19. Lifting plate; 20. Spring three; 21. Slide rod four; 22. Connecting frame; 23. Bucket; 24. Fixing box 25. Pull-out box; 26. Extrusion plate; 27. Motor 3; 28. Eccentric block; 29. ​​Vision sensor 1; 30. Motor 4; 31. Threaded rod 1; 32. Motor 5; 33. Motor 6; 34. Baffle; 35. Fluorescent paint; 36. Connecting rod 2; 37. Threaded rod 2; 38. Connecting rod 3; 39. Bar magnet; 40. Cylinder; 41. Clamping block; 42. Vision sensor 2; 43. Motor 7; 44. Laser rangefinder; 45. Card block. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-13 The present invention provides a technical solution: a land surveying instrument, including a vehicle body 1, a laser rangefinder 44 fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body 1, and an insertable marking component also provided on the vehicle body 1; The insertable marking assembly includes multiple sliding rods 4 slidably connected to the upper side of the vehicle body 1. A storage hopper 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding rods 4. The bottom of the storage hopper 2 is provided with an opening, and multiple marking nails 12 are placed in the inner cavity of the storage hopper 2. A locking block 45 is fixedly connected to one end of the marking nail 12. One end face of the locking block 45 is coated with fluorescent paint 35. Two sliding rods 7 are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the bottom of the storage hopper 2. Two threaded rods 37 are rotatably connected to both ends of the other side. Sliding blocks 8 are slidably connected to the sliding rods 7 and threaded rods 37 respectively. Two connecting rods 38 are rotatably arranged on one side of the sliding blocks 8. A connecting rod 36 is rotatably arranged on one end of the connecting rods 38. A transverse frame 11 is rotatably arranged on one end of the connecting rods 36. A cylinder 40 is fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the transverse frame 11. A clamping block 41 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder 40. A stop block 10 is slidably connected to one side of the storage hopper 2.

[0025] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , Figures 11-13As shown, an electric push rod 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the storage hopper 2. The piston end of the electric push rod 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the stop block 10. A vision sensor 42 is installed at one end of the transverse frame 11. A motor 43 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 8. The output end of the motor 43 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 38.

[0026] A motor 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the storage hopper 2, and the output end of the motor 13 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 37.

[0027] Specifically, in existing technologies, when measuring ground flatness, a laser rangefinder 44 is installed on the measuring device. This rangefinder travels and continuously measures the distance to the ground to detect undulations, thereby obtaining flatness information. To facilitate subsequent repair and positioning, lime is typically sprayed as an indicator point when unevenness is detected. However, in strong winds, the lime is easily blown away, causing the indicator points to disappear and affecting their location. Secondly, while using stronger adhesive pigments for marking can resist wind, it leaves marks on the road surface, affecting aesthetics.

[0028] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: This solution is applied to soft road surfaces. First, multiple marker nails 12 are placed uniformly into the storage hopper 2. Because the diameter of the locking block 45 is larger than the diameter of the marker nail 12, and the width of the opening at the bottom of the storage hopper 2 is greater than the diameter of the marker nail 12 but smaller than the diameter of the locking block 45, when the tip of the marker nail 12 is facing downwards, the marker nail 12 will pass through the opening, while the locking block 45 will be stuck at the bottom of the storage hopper 2 because it cannot pass through the opening. This allows multiple marker nails 12 to be linearly arranged at the bottom opening of the storage hopper 2.

[0029] The vehicle body 1 is then placed on the road surface to be measured, initially positioned on a flat area. The laser rangefinder 44 is then activated to measure its distance from the ground, and this distance is used as the standard value. The vehicle body 1 is then moved, and as it moves, the measurement point of the laser rangefinder 44 changes continuously. If the measured value equals the standard value or fluctuates only slightly, the road surface is relatively flat. If the measured value deviates significantly from the standard value, the road surface is uneven. Furthermore, when unevenness is detected, the system determines which section of the road surface is uneven based on the starting and ending points of the deviation from the standard value. The vehicle then returns to the starting point of the uneven road surface area. The cylinder 40 drives the clamping blocks 41 to move laterally, using the two clamping blocks 41 to clamp the marking nail 12 located at the bottom of the storage hopper 2 closest to the stop block 10. Then, the electric push rod 9 raises the stop block 10, removing it from the opening. The motor 13 then drives the threaded rod 37 to rotate, causing the sliders 8 on both sides to move simultaneously, removing the clamped marking nail 12 from the opening. The motor 7 43 then drives the connecting rods 38 and 36 to rotate, causing the marking nail 12 to descend and insert into the road surface. This process is repeated to mark the road surface by inserting marking nails 12 at the beginning and end of the uneven road surface area. When tracing the uneven road surface area laterally, the fluorescent paint 35 contrasts sharply with the road surface color, allowing workers to easily locate the marking nails 12 and determine the position and length of the uneven area, facilitating repair work. Furthermore, compared to spraying lime onto the road surface, this method is less prone to the markings disappearing due to strong winds, resulting in higher marking stability. Also, compared to spraying paint onto the road surface, this method allows for easy removal of the marking nail 12 from the road surface after it is located, with the insertion hole concealed, leaving no mark on the road surface and ensuring its aesthetic appeal.

[0030] Since multiple marker pins 12 are used in an arrangement, after each marker pin 12 is used, the second vision sensor 42 will readjust the position of the clamping block 41 according to the position of the next marker pin 12 to be used, so as to ensure that the clamping block 41 can accurately clamp the marker pin 12 and use it.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 12 As shown, it also includes a linear arrangement auxiliary component; The linear arrangement auxiliary component includes an eccentric block 28 rotatably disposed on one side of the vehicle body 1, and an extrusion plate 26 fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the storage hopper 2, with the eccentric block 28 and one side surface of the extrusion plate 26 in contact.

[0032] A motor 27 is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body 1, and the output end of the motor 27 is fixedly connected to one side of the eccentric block 28.

[0033] A spring 5 is fitted on one side of the slide bar 4. One end of the spring 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the storage hopper 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1. A bar magnet 39 is provided on one side of the bottom opening of the storage hopper 2.

[0034] Specifically, in the above embodiment, although the clamping block 41 can be used to clamp the marking nails 12 one by one and insert them into the road surface, it is necessary to arrange multiple marking nails 12 linearly at the bottom opening of the storage hopper 2 during preparation. When the area to be measured is long and has many uneven areas, multiple marking nails 12 are required. If the workers manually arrange the marking nails 12, it is tedious and laborious. Furthermore, when the marking nails 12 slide down the inner cavity of the storage hopper 2 under the action of gravity, it is difficult to ensure that they accurately pass through the opening, and they may get stuck, affecting normal marking.

[0035] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: After multiple marker nails 12 are added to the storage hopper 2, the eccentric block 28 is rotated by the motor 27. Since the eccentric block 28 is in contact with the pressing plate 26, the rotation of the eccentric block 28, along with the cooperation of the slide rod 4 and the spring 5, causes the storage hopper 2 to vibrate. This keeps the marker nails 12 inside the storage hopper 2 in motion until a marker nail 12 passes through the opening. When the vision sensor 42 detects a marker nail 12 at the opening, the storage hopper 2 stops vibrating, allowing the marker nail 12 to be retrieved normally. Otherwise, the storage hopper 2 continues to vibrate. This method eliminates the need for manual arrangement and is convenient to operate. Simultaneously, the continuous movement of the marker nails 12 effectively prevents them from getting stuck inside the hopper. Furthermore, the marker nail 12 that passes through the opening is immediately attracted by the bar magnet 39, using magnetic force to overcome its inertia and prevent it from rebounding. This ensures that all successfully retrieved marker nails 12 are stably positioned for easy subsequent retrieval.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the vehicle body 1 is also equipped with a rock-blocking interference prevention component; The anti-stone interference component includes two connecting rods 6 rotatably mounted on one side of the vehicle body 1. A connecting block 15 is rotatably mounted on one end of the connecting rod 6. Two sliding rods 16 are slidably connected to one side of the connecting block 15. A scraper 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rods 16.

[0037] A motor 2 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body 1. The output end of the motor 2 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 1 6. A spring 2 17 is sleeved on one side of the slide rod 3 16. One end of the spring 2 17 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 15, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod 3 16.

[0038] Specifically, in the above embodiments, although the marking nail 12 can be inserted into the road surface to mark uneven areas, in some cases, the area to be marked may contain stones. If the marking nail 12 comes into contact with a stone when inserted into the road surface, the marking nail 12 will be blocked and unable to be inserted into the road surface normally.

[0039] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Before the marking nail 12 is inserted into the road surface, the second motor 14 drives the first connecting rod 6 to rotate, which lowers the connecting block 15. The scraper 18, with the cooperation of the third sliding rod 16 and the second spring 17, is pressed against the ground. As the first connecting rod 6 rotates, the scraper 18 slides along the area where the marking nail 12 is to be inserted, pushing away the stones. Then the scraper 18 returns to its original position, and the marking nail 12 can be inserted into the road surface normally. This avoids the situation where the marking work cannot be carried out smoothly because there are stones in the area of ​​the road surface to be marked.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 , Figures 5-7 As shown, it also includes a tagging and recycling component; The marking and recycling assembly includes a guide rail frame 3 fixedly connected to one side of the upper part of the vehicle body 1. A lifting plate 19 is slidably connected to one side of the guide rail frame 3. Two sliding rods 21 are slidably connected to one side of the lifting plate 19. A connecting frame 22 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rods 21. A bucket 23 is rotatably mounted at both ends of the connecting frame 22. Multiple serrations are provided on one side of the bucket 23. A fixed box 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket 23. A pull-out box 25 is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed box 24. A baffle 34 is rotatably mounted on one side of the bucket 23. A vision sensor 29 is mounted on one side of the vehicle body 1.

[0041] A threaded rod 31 is threadedly connected to one side of the lifting plate 19. Both ends of the threaded rod 31 are rotatably mounted on the guide rail frame 3. A motor 30 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide rail frame 3. The output end of the motor 30 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 31. A spring 20 is sleeved on one side of the slide rod 21. One end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 19, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod 21. A motor 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the connecting frame 22. The output end of the motor 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket 23. A motor 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket 23. The output end of the motor 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle 34.

[0042] Specifically, in the above embodiments, although the marking nails 12 can be used to mark uneven areas of the road surface, the marking nails 12 need to be recycled because they need to be reused. When a large number of marking nails 12 are used, it would be labor-intensive and troublesome for workers to manually pull out each marking nail 12 one by one.

[0043] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to retrieve the marker nails 12 inserted into the road surface, the vehicle body 1 is driven to travel along the road surface where the marker nails 12 are inserted. Simultaneously, the lifting plate 19 is lowered by the rotation of the threaded rod 31 driven by motor 4 30 until the bucket 23 is in contact with the road surface. When the bucket 23 contacts the marker nail 12, the serrations on the bucket 23 will jam the marker nail 12. When the vision sensor 29 detects that the marker nail 12 is jammed, the bucket 23 rises and flips under the action of motor 5 32, thus pulling out the marker nail 12. Subsequently, motor 6 33 drives the baffle 34 to rotate, and the marker nail 12 falls into the pull-out box 25 under the action of gravity. Then, the baffle 34 resets to prevent the marker nails 12 from falling out of the pull-out box 25. Repeating the above operation will retrieve all the marker nails 12 inserted into the road surface into the pull-out box 25. Workers only need to remove the pull-out box 25 and empty the marker nails 12 from it back into the storage hopper 2, so that the marker nails 12 can be reused. This eliminates the need for workers to manually remove the marker nail 12, making the operation convenient and labor-saving. By achieving automatic insertion and retrieval of the marker nail 12, a closed-loop operation is completed, significantly improving the efficiency of continuous operation.

[0044] Working principle: First, multiple marker nails 12 are placed into the storage hopper 2. Since the diameter of the locking block 45 is larger than the diameter of the marker nail 12, and the width of the bottom opening of the storage hopper 2 is larger than the diameter of the marker nail 12 but smaller than the diameter of the locking block 45, when the tip of the marker nail 12 is facing down, the marker nail 12 will pass through the opening, while the locking block 45 will be stuck at the bottom of the storage hopper 2 because it cannot pass through the opening. This allows multiple marker nails 12 to be linearly arranged at the bottom opening of the storage hopper 2. Then, the vehicle body 1 is placed on the road surface to be measured, and the initial position of the vehicle body 1 is on a flat surface. At this time, the laser rangefinder 44 is turned on to measure the distance between itself and the ground, and this distance is used as the standard value. Then, the vehicle body 1 is driven to move. As the vehicle body 1 moves, the measurement point of the laser rangefinder 44 changes continuously. If the measured value is equal to the standard value or fluctuates only slightly, it indicates that the road surface is relatively flat. If the measured value deviates significantly from the standard value, it indicates that the road surface is uneven. When unevenness is detected, the system determines which section of the road is uneven based on the starting and ending points of the deviation from the standard value. The vehicle then returns to the starting point of the uneven area. The cylinder 40 drives the clamping blocks 41 to move laterally, using the two clamping blocks 41 to clamp the marking nail 12 located at the bottom of the storage hopper 2 closest to the stop block 10. Then, the electric push rod 9 raises the stop block 10, removing it from the opening. The motor 13 then drives the threaded rod 37 to rotate, causing the sliders 8 on both sides to move simultaneously, removing the clamped marking nail 12 from the opening. The motor 7 43 then drives the connecting rods 38 and 36 to rotate, causing the marking nail 12 to descend and insert into the road surface. This process is repeated to mark the road surface by inserting marking nails 12 at the beginning and end of the uneven area. When subsequent operators trace uneven areas of the road surface, the fluorescent paint 35 contrasts sharply with the road surface color, making it easy for workers to locate the marker nails 12. This allows them to determine the location and length of the uneven area, facilitating repair work. Furthermore, compared to spraying lime onto the road surface, this method is less prone to marking disappearance due to strong winds, resulting in higher marking stability. Also, compared to marking with paint, this method allows the marker nails 12 to be removed from the road surface and the insertion hole to be buried after locating them, leaving no marks on the road surface and ensuring its aesthetic appeal. Since multiple marker nails 12 are used in sequence, after each marker nail 12 is used, the vision sensor 42 readjusts the position of the clamping block 41 based on the location of the next marker nail 12 to be used, ensuring that the clamping block 41 can accurately grasp and use the marker nail 12.After multiple marker nails 12 are added to the storage hopper 2, the eccentric block 28 is rotated by the motor 27. Since the eccentric block 28 is in contact with the pressing plate 26, the rotation of the eccentric block 28, along with the cooperation of the slide rod 4 and the spring 5, causes the storage hopper 2 to vibrate. This keeps the marker nails 12 inside the storage hopper 2 in motion until a marker nail 12 passes through the opening. When the vision sensor 42 detects a marker nail 12 at the opening, the storage hopper 2 stops vibrating, allowing the marker nail 12 to be retrieved normally. Otherwise, the storage hopper 2 continues to vibrate. This method eliminates the need for manual arrangement and is convenient to operate. Simultaneously, the continuous movement of the marker nails 12 effectively prevents them from getting stuck inside the hopper. Furthermore, the marker nail 12 that passes through the opening is immediately attracted by the bar magnet 39, using magnetic force to overcome its inertia and prevent it from rebounding. This ensures that all successfully retrieved marker nails 12 are stably positioned for easy subsequent retrieval. Before the marker nail 12 is inserted into the road surface, motor 2 14 drives connecting rod 1 6 to rotate, causing connecting block 15 to descend. Scraper 18, in conjunction with sliding rod 3 16 and spring 2 17, remains firmly against the ground. As connecting rod 1 6 rotates, scraper 18 slides along the area where the marker nail 12 is to be inserted, pushing away any stones. Scraper 18 then returns to its original position, allowing the marker nail 12 to be inserted normally into the road surface. This avoids situations where stones in the area to be marked prevent the marking work from proceeding smoothly. When it is necessary to retrieve the marker nail 12 inserted into the road surface, the vehicle body 1 is driven along the road surface where the marker nail 12 is inserted. Motor 4 30 drives threaded rod 1 31 to rotate, causing lifting plate 19 to descend until bucket 23 is in contact with the road surface. When bucket 23 contacts the marker nail 12, the serrations on bucket 23 will jam the marker nail 12. When vision sensor 29 detects that the marker nail 12 is jammed... The bucket 23 rises and tilts under the action of motor 32, pulling out the marker nail 12. Then, motor 33 drives baffle 34 to rotate, causing the marker nail 12 to fall into the pull-out box 25 under gravity. Baffle 34 then resets to prevent the marker nail 12 from falling out of the pull-out box 25. This process is repeated to retrieve all the marker nails 12 inserted into the road surface into the pull-out box 25. Workers then simply remove the pull-out box 25 and empty the marker nails 12 back into the storage bucket 2, allowing the marker nails 12 to be reused. This eliminates the need for workers to manually pull out the marker nails 12, making the operation convenient and labor-saving. By achieving automatic insertion and retrieval of the marker nails 12, a closed-loop operation is completed, significantly improving the efficiency of continuous operation.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A land surveying instrument comprising a vehicle body (1), characterised in that: A laser rangefinder (44) is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body (1), and an insertable marking component is also provided on the vehicle body (1); The insertable marking assembly includes multiple sliding rods (4) slidably connected to the upper side of the vehicle body (1). A storage hopper (2) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding rods (4). The bottom of the storage hopper (2) is provided with an opening, and multiple marking nails (12) are placed inside the storage hopper (2). A locking block (45) is fixedly connected to one end of each marking nail (12). One end face of the locking block (45) is coated with fluorescent paint (35). Two sliding rods (7) are fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the bottom of the storage hopper (2), and threaded rods (3) are rotatably connected to both ends of the other side. 7) The slide rod 2 (7) and the threaded rod 2 (37) are respectively slidably connected and threadedly connected to the slider (8). Two connecting rods 3 (38) are rotatably arranged on one side of the slider (8). A connecting rod 2 (36) is rotatably arranged on one end of the connecting rod 3 (38). A transverse frame (11) is rotatably arranged on one end of the connecting rod 2 (36). A cylinder (40) is fixedly connected to both ends of one side of the transverse frame (11). A clamp (41) is fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder (40). A stop block (10) is slidably connected to one side of the storage hopper (2).

2. A land surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterised in that: An electric push rod (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the storage hopper (2). The piston end of the electric push rod (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the stop block (10). A vision sensor (42) is provided at one end of the transverse frame (11). A motor (43) is fixedly connected to one side of the slider (8). The output end of the motor (43) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (38).

3. The land surveying instrument of claim 1, wherein: A motor (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom of the storage hopper (2), and the output end of the motor (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (37).

4. A land surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes linear arrangement auxiliary components; The linear arrangement auxiliary component includes an eccentric block (28) rotatably disposed on one side of the vehicle body (1), and an extrusion plate (26) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the storage hopper (2), with the eccentric block (28) and the extrusion plate (26) on one side of the surface.

5. A land surveying instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: A motor (27) is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body (1), and the output end of the motor (27) is fixedly connected to one side of the eccentric block (28).

6. A land surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (5) is fitted on one side of the slide bar (4). One end of the spring (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the storage hopper (2), and the other end is fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1). A bar magnet (39) is provided on one side of the bottom opening of the storage hopper (2).

7. A land surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) is also equipped with a stone interference prevention component; The anti-stone interference component includes two connecting rods (6) rotatably mounted on one side of the vehicle body (1). A connecting block (15) is rotatably mounted on one end of the connecting rod (6). Two sliding rods (16) are slidably connected on one side of the connecting block (15). A scraper (18) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rods (16).

8. A land surveying instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: A motor 2 (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the vehicle body (1). The output end of the motor 2 (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 1 (6). A spring 2 (17) is sleeved on one side of the slide rod 3 (16). One end of the spring 2 (17) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (15), and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod 3 (16).

9. A land surveying instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tag recycling component; The marking and recycling assembly includes a guide rail frame (3) fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the vehicle body (1). A lifting plate (19) is slidably connected to one side of the guide rail frame (3). Two sliding rods (21) are slidably connected to one side of the lifting plate (19). A connecting frame (22) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rods (21). A bucket (23) is rotatably arranged at both ends of the connecting frame (22). Multiple serrations are arranged on one side of the bucket (23). A fixed box (24) is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket (23). A pull-out box (25) is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed box (24). A baffle (34) is rotatably arranged on one side of the bucket (23). A vision sensor (29) is arranged on one side of the vehicle body (1).

10. A land surveying instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lifting plate (19) is threadedly connected to a threaded rod (31) on one side. Both ends of the threaded rod (31) are rotatably mounted on the guide rail frame (3). The guide rail frame (3) is fixedly connected to a motor (30) on one side. The output end of the motor (30) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (31). A spring (20) is sleeved on one side of the sliding rod (21). One end of the spring (20) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (19), and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod (21). A motor (32) is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the connecting frame (22). The output end of the motor (32) is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket (23). A motor (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket (23). The output end of the motor (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle (34).

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