A cage type wetland revetment structure arranged in a river channel

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ecological slope protection, and specifically discloses a cage type wetland slope protection structure arranged in a river channel, which comprises a slope protection main body and a plurality of cages arranged on one side of the slope protection main body. The slope protection main body comprises a longitudinal fixing plate and a plurality of support seats. The surface of each support seat is provided with a stepped region for mounting the cages. The plurality of stepped regions are arranged in a step-in step-out manner to form a stepped support structure. Each cage comprises a first cage unit and a second cage unit which are foldably connected. A support plate extends into the first cage unit to form a hanging support and positioning. The support seats and the support plates are filled with capillary water guide components, and a gradient water supply network is formed by using differentiated water guide layers to realize continuous water supply and stable water replenishment of the river water to the high-position cages. The structure has the functions of slope protection stability, water purification and continuous water supply for plants, and can improve the survival rate of plants and the long-term stability of the slope protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ecological slope protection technology, and in particular to a cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel. Background Technology

[0002] Riverbank protection structures are widely used in riverbank stabilization, erosion control, and ecological restoration. Traditional slope protection methods mainly include masonry slope protection, concrete slope protection, gabion slope protection, and ecological wetland slope protection. Among them, ecological wetland slope protection typically involves filling the gabions with media such as gravel, soil, and zeolite, and planting aquatic plants to achieve a comprehensive function of slope protection, water purification, and ecological restoration. Compared to rigid slope protection structures, wetland slope protection combines permeability and ecological benefits, making it widely used in river management.

[0003] However, existing cage-type wetland slope protection structures still have certain limitations in practical use. On the one hand, existing cages usually rely mainly on bottom support structures for support. Especially when they are arranged along the length of the river or when the internal filling medium is heavy, the central area of ​​the cage is prone to local subsidence, deformation, or even collapse due to concentrated stress, affecting the overall stability and long-term service life of the slope protection structure. On the other hand, the growth of plants in existing wetland slope protection usually depends on the natural water level of the river, rainfall, or artificial water replenishment. When the river enters the dry season, the water level drops, or some areas are out of contact with the water, the roots of the upper-layer plants cannot continuously obtain a stable water supply, easily leading to water shortage, yellowing, or even death, thereby reducing the ecological stability and purification effect of the wetland slope protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a cage-type wetland slope protection structure for use in river channels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A cage-type wetland slope protection structure set in a river channel includes a slope protection body and multiple cages laid on one side of the slope protection body; The slope protection body includes a longitudinal fixing plate and a plurality of support seats fixedly disposed on one side of the longitudinal fixing plate, wherein the plurality of support seats are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal fixing plate. The surface of the support base is formed with a stepped area for installing the cage body. The stepped area includes a cage body installation support surface for supporting the cage body and a cage body installation abutment surface for limiting the displacement of the cage body. A support plate is fixedly installed on the mounting surface of the cage, and one end of the support plate extends into the cage to provide positioning and suspension support for the cage. The support plate has a hollow structure inside. Both the support base and the support plate are filled with capillary water guiding components. The inner cavity of the support plate is connected to the inner cavity of the support base. The capillary water guiding components in the inner cavity of the support base are set with differentiated capillary parameters in the longitudinal direction so that the water absorbed in the low-level area is continuously transported through the support plate to the cage in the high-level area, thereby forming a gradient water supply network that has both structural support and capillary water supply functions.

[0006] Furthermore, the cage mounting surface is provided with a through hole that communicates with the inner cavity of the support base, so that river water enters the interior of the support base through the through hole and is transported into the cage through the support plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple stepped areas on the support base are arranged in a gradually inward-shrinking manner from bottom to top to form a stepped distribution structure; A portion of the bottom of the upper cage is supported on the cage mounting support surface of the corresponding support seat, while the other portion is supported on the top area of ​​the lower cage.

[0008] Furthermore, the cage body includes a first cage body unit and a second cage body unit, wherein the first cage body unit is hinged to one side of the second cage body unit and locked to the other side by a buckle.

[0009] Furthermore, the first cage unit has an internal cage unit, and the internal cage unit has an opening on one side. The end of the support plate away from the cage mounting surface extends into the internal cage unit through the opening to provide suspension support and lateral restraint for the cage.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the support plate is provided with an opening, and the support plate is located below the first filling medium inside the first cage unit, so that the water transported inside the support plate can diffuse into the first filling medium.

[0011] Furthermore, the second cage unit is filled with a second filling medium, which includes a crushed stone layer and a gravel and zeolite mixture layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the capillary water-conducting assembly within the support base includes a first water-conducting layer located in the low region, a second water-conducting layer located in the middle region, and a third water-conducting layer located in the high region. The first, second, and third water-conducting layers are made of water-conducting materials with differentiated capillary parameters.

[0013] Furthermore, the support plate extends into the cage and is located in the upper region of the cage, so that the cage, in the installed state, forms a composite force-bearing structure in which the stepped region provides bottom support and the support plate provides upper suspension support.

[0014] Furthermore, baffles can be detachably installed on the outer sides of the support seats at both ends of the longitudinal fixed plate along the length direction, and the baffles are used to close the inner cavity of the support seats.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By setting a support plate on the cage mounting surface of the support base and extending one end of the support plate into the cage, the support plate can not only provide positioning support for the cage, but also serve as a water supply channel to transport water from the support base to the cage, thus giving the support plate both structural support and capillary water supply functions.

[0016] On the one hand, the support plate and the stepped area work together to form a composite force-bearing structure of the cage body, consisting of bottom support and side suspension support. The stepped area provides support to the bottom of the cage body, and the support plate extends into the cage body to provide positioning, limiting and suspension support to the upper part of the cage body. This can share some of the load generated by the filling medium and plant growth inside the cage body, reduce the risk of stress concentration, local subsidence or collapse in the middle section caused by relying only on bottom support in traditional cage-type wetland slope protection, and improve the overall stability and deformation resistance of the slope protection structure under long-term water flow erosion environment.

[0017] On the other hand, the support plate has a hollow structure and is filled with capillary water guiding components, and is connected to the inner cavity of the support base. River water can enter the interior of the support plate through the support base and be continuously transported to the plant planting area inside the cage along the capillary water guiding path, thereby constructing a continuous water supply path composed of river water, support base, support plate and planting layer inside the cage. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the interior before the capillary water-conducting component is filled in this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the component after the capillary water-conducting assembly is filled inside this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before the cage is installed on the cage-type wetland slope protection structure of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation and coordination between the cage-type wetland slope protection structure and the cage body in this application.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cage structure of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cage body of this application from another angle.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the cage in this application.

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross section along line AA.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the application scenario of the cage-type wetland slope protection structure in this application.

[0029] In the diagram: 100, main body of the slope protection; 110, longitudinal fixing plate; 120, support base; 121, stepped area; 1211, cage installation support surface; 1212, cage installation abutment surface; 1212a, through hole; 1213, support plate; 130, pile; 140, baffle; 200, cage; 210, first cage unit; 210a, internal cage unit; 210b, opening; 210c, crushed stone and soil mixture layer; 220, second cage unit; 220a, crushed stone layer; 220b, gravel and zeolite mixture layer; 230, hinge; 240, buckle; 300, capillary water guiding component; 301, first water guiding layer; 302, second water guiding layer; 303, third water guiding layer; 400, diagonal brace. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 10 A cage-type wetland slope protection structure set in a river channel includes a slope protection body 100 and multiple cages 200 laid on one side of the slope protection body 100.

[0032] Among them, reference Figures 1 to 4The slope protection body 100 includes a longitudinal fixing plate 110 and a plurality of support seats 120 fixedly disposed on one side of the longitudinal fixing plate 110. The plurality of support seats 120 are closely arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal fixing plate 110 and are fixedly connected to one side of the longitudinal fixing plate 110 by fastening components to form a support base for the layered installation of the cage 200.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to improve the installation stability of the support base 120 in the river environment and prevent displacement due to river scouring, water flow impact or foundation loosening, the bottom of the support base 120 is provided with a pile 130. The pile 130 extends vertically downward and is inserted into the riverbed base layer to enhance the connection strength between the support base 120 and the riverbed, thereby improving the overturning resistance and scouring performance of the entire slope protection body 100.

[0034] Specifically, the fastening components include expansion bolts, chemical anchors, or high-strength connecting screws that pass between the support base 120 and the longitudinal fixing plate 110, for stably fixing the support base 120 to the surface of the longitudinal fixing plate 110, thereby enhancing the overall structural strength and erosion resistance of the slope protection body 100.

[0035] The support base 120 has a stepped cross-section and a stepped area 121 for the installation and positioning of the cage 200 is formed on its surface. The stepped area 121 includes a cage installation support surface 1211 that extends laterally and a cage installation abutment surface 1212 that extends longitudinally.

[0036] The cage mounting support surface 1211 is used to support the bottom of the cage 200 to bear the weight of the cage 200 itself and the weight of the internal filling material; the cage mounting abutment surface 1212 is used to limit the displacement of the cage 200 along the slope direction and to form abutment support on the side of the cage 200 to enhance the installation stability of the cage 200.

[0037] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The stepped areas 121 on the multiple support bases 120 are arranged in a gradually inward manner from bottom to top in the longitudinal direction, so that the stepped areas 121 of each layer form a stepped distribution structure. After the cage 200 located below is installed, the cage 200 above can be partially supported by the cage installation support surface 1211 of the corresponding support base 120, and the other part is supported by the top area of ​​the cage 200 below, thus forming a composite load-bearing structure of support base 120, lower cage 200 and upper cage 200.

[0038] With the above arrangement, the load of the upper cage 200 can be shared by the support base 120 and the lower cage 200, avoiding the concentration of all weight on a single connecting structure and improving the stress stability and anti-slip capability of the overall slope protection structure. At the same time, the gradual inward arrangement of the stepped area 121 allows multiple cages 200 to be distributed in an inclined stepped manner along the river slope, which not only ensures structural stability but also helps cages 200 of different heights to form a continuous ecological wetland, increasing the water purification area and plant growth space.

[0039] Furthermore, the cage 200 is filled with a filling medium for water purification and plant growth. The filling medium includes a gravel layer, a zeolite adsorption layer, and a plant planting layer. A planting area is set on the top of the cage 200, where aquatic plants are planted. Through the filtration and adsorption of the filling medium and the purification effect of the plant roots, the integration of riverbank protection and water ecological purification is achieved. The preferred aquatic plants are reeds, irises, and canna lilies.

[0040] Specifically, refer to Figures 6 to 9 The cage 200 includes a first cage unit 210 and a second cage unit 220. One side of the first cage unit 210 and the second cage unit 220 are hinged by a hinge 230, and the other side is locked by a buckle 240. When the buckle 240 is opened, the first cage unit 210 rotates relative to the second cage unit 220. When the first cage unit 210 is folded to the top of the second cage unit 220, the top of the second cage unit 220 is in an open state. At this time, a second filling medium can be laid inside the second cage unit 220. The second filling medium specifically includes a 20cm thick crushed stone layer 220a and a 20cm thick gravel and zeolite mixture layer 220b laid on the surface of the crushed stone layer 220a. The mixing ratio of gravel and zeolite is 1:1, the particle size of the mixture is controlled at 15-20mm, and it is compacted by vibration. Zeolite has a strong adsorption capacity and can effectively adsorb pollutants in river water to achieve water purification.

[0041] The top of the first cage unit 210 is also open, and it has an internal cage unit 210a. One side of the internal cage unit 210a has an opening 210b. The interior of the first cage unit 210 can be filled with a gravel and soil mixture layer 210c (the first filling medium). The ratio of gravel to soil is 1:1, the gravel particle size is 2-4cm, and the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c is a plant planting layer. On the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c, a planting hole is arranged every 30cm. The planting hole is 10cm deep and 10cm in diameter. Aquatic plants are planted in the planting holes, and the surface of the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c forms a planting area.

[0042] Additionally, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5Support plates 1213 are bolted to the cage mounting abutment surfaces 1212 in each step area 121. When the cage 200 is placed in the step area 121, after the material layers are filled inside the first cage unit 210 and the second cage unit 220, the first cage unit 210 and the second cage unit 220 are locked together by a buckle to form the whole cage 200. The cage 200 rests on the cage mounting support surface 1211. The end of the support plate 1213 in the step area 121 away from the cage mounting abutment surface 1212 extends into the interior of the built-in cage unit 210a through the opening 210b, which plays a role in positioning and suspending support for the entire cage 200.

[0043] It should be noted that the support plate 1213 is hollow inside and communicates with the inner cavity of the support base 120. The cross-section of the support plate 1213 is U-shaped, with an open top and located below the crushed stone and soil mixture layer 210c inside the first cage unit 210. In addition, the inner cavity of the support base 120 and the interior of the support plate 1213 are filled with capillary water-conducting components 300. The capillary water-conducting components 300 are preferably made of one or more of polyester filament non-woven water-conducting geotextile, fiber water-conducting rope, or composite capillary water-conducting materials to take into account durability, water-conducting stability and anti-clogging ability under long-term immersion environment. Each cage installation abutment surface 1212 of each step area 121 has a through hole 1212a, which communicates with the inner cavity of the support base 120.

[0044] Specifically, the installation steps of the cage 200 on the support base 120 are as follows: First, according to the construction location of the river slope, the main body of the slope protection 100 is installed. After the multiple support bases 120 are fixed along the length of the longitudinal fixing plate 110, the back of the longitudinal fixing plate 110 is backfilled with soil or fixed with diagonal bracing 400. Check whether the inclination angle and installation position of each step area 121 meet the design requirements, and confirm that the support plate 1213 is firmly fixed to the corresponding cage installation abutment surface 1212, and that the support plate 1213 is in communication with the capillary water guiding component 300 inside the support base 120.

[0045] Subsequently, the cage 200 is pre-assembled. Construction workers first flip the first cage unit 210 relative to the second cage unit 220, leaving the top of the second cage unit 220 open. Inside the second cage unit 220, a layer of crushed stone 220a and a layer of gravel and zeolite mixture 220b are laid sequentially from bottom to top and compacted to form a base structure for filtering and purifying river water. Afterwards, a layer of crushed stone and soil mixture 210c is filled around the inner cage unit 210a inside the first cage unit 210, and planting holes are formed at predetermined intervals for subsequent planting of aquatic plants.

[0046] After filling is completed, the first cage unit 210 is folded and closed towards the second cage unit 220, so that the first cage unit 210 and the second cage unit 220 enclose to form an integral cage 200, and is locked and fixed by the buckle 240 to avoid structural loosening or leakage of filling medium during subsequent hoisting or placement.

[0047] During installation, the construction workers preferably begin installing the cage 200 layer by layer, starting from the lower support base 120. During installation, the cage 200 is first hoisted or manually moved to the corresponding step area 121, ensuring the bottom of the cage 200 rests stably on the cage installation support surface 1211, and one side of the cage 200 is placed against the cage installation abutment surface 1212 to complete the initial positioning. Subsequently, the installation posture of the cage 200 is adjusted so that the opening 210b of the inner cage unit 210a inside the first cage unit 210 is aligned with the position of the corresponding support plate 1213. The end of the support plate 1213 furthest from the cage installation abutment surface 1212 is then inserted into the inner cage unit 210a through the opening 210b.

[0048] Furthermore, after the support plate 1213 is inserted into the built-in cage unit 210a, its upper part is located in the area below the crushed stone and soil mixture layer 210c, providing suspension support and lateral restraint for the cage 200. On the one hand, the support plate 1213 can restrict the cage 200 from sliding along the slope direction, improving the connection stability between the cage 200 and the support base 120; on the other hand, after the support plate 1213 is inserted into the built-in cage unit 210a, it can transfer part of the weight of the cage 200 to the support base 120, thereby enhancing the overall stress stability and preventing the cage 200 from shifting or collapsing under long-term water erosion.

[0049] After the lower layer of cage 200 is installed, the upper layer of cage 200 is installed layer by layer. Since the multiple stepped areas 121 are distributed in a gradually receding step-like manner along the longitudinal direction, when the upper layer of cage 200 is installed, part of its bottom is supported by the cage installation support surface 1211 of the corresponding layer's support base 120, and another part is supported by the top area of ​​the lower cage 200 already installed, thus forming a composite load-bearing structure of support base 120 - lower layer cage 200 - upper layer cage 200. After each layer of cage 200 is installed, the overall arrangement of the cages 200 is checked to ensure that adjacent cages 200 are stably fitted together without obvious gaps or shaking.

[0050] In this embodiment, especially along the length of the longitudinal fixing plate 110, multiple cages 200 arranged at the same height are supported not only by the bottom support provided by the corresponding step area 121 after installation, but also by the suspension support provided by the side support plate 1213. Specifically, the cage mounting support surface 1211 in the step area 121 is used to bear the weight of the cage 200 itself and the weight of the internal filling medium, forming a stable bottom support for the cage 200; while the support plate 1213 extends into the interior of the built-in cage unit 210a through the opening 210b, and is located in the upper region of the cage 200 and forms a plug-in fit with the cage 200, which can form an upward suspension support force and a lateral limiting effect on the cage 200, which is equivalent to forming a top suspension support for the cage 200.

[0051] Therefore, the cage 200 at the same height direction forms a composite stress mode of bottom support and upper suspension under stress. That is, the bottom of the cage 200 is supported by the step area 121, and the top area is supported by the support plate 1213 to share part of the load. This allows the weight of the filling medium and the load of plant growth inside the cage 200 to be distributed and transferred, avoiding the problem of stress concentration in the middle area, local subsidence or collapse in the middle section caused by relying only on bottom support in cage-type wetland slope protection.

[0052] Furthermore, since multiple support bases 120 are continuously arranged along the length of the longitudinal fixing plate 110, and multiple support plates 1213 form spaced hanging support nodes in the same height direction, the cage 200 in the same layer forms a multi-point support state in the length direction. When a local area is affected by water flow impact, slight foundation settlement, or softening of the filling medium due to water immersion, adjacent support plates 1213 can still provide support compensation for the cage 200, reducing the risk of local instability spreading to the whole, and improving the overall deformation resistance, collapse resistance, and structural stability of the cage 200 in the same layer under long-term water flow scouring environment.

[0053] Meanwhile, while the support plate 1213 is assuming the function of suspension support, the capillary water guiding component 300 filled inside it can also simultaneously achieve continuous water supply to the planting area of ​​the cage 200, so that the support plate 1213 has both structural support and capillary water supply functions.

[0054] Furthermore, after the river enters its normal operating phase, the river water, under the influence of natural flow, water level fluctuations, and periodic scouring, first comes into contact with the cage 200 located at the bottom. Since the second cage unit 220 contains a crushed stone layer 220a and a gravel and zeolite mixture layer 220b, the river water flowing through the cage 200 can first pass through the crushed stone layer 220a to form a primary seepage channel, where larger particles of impurities are trapped, before entering the gravel and zeolite mixture layer 220b. Zeolite material possesses strong ion exchange and adsorption capabilities, which can adsorb and purify ammonia nitrogen, some heavy metal ions, and organic pollutants in the river water, maintaining a relatively stable water volume and low impurity content in the subsequent water guiding path, thereby reducing the risk of blockage in the capillary water guiding component 300 during long-term operation.

[0055] During the continuous immersion of the bottom cage 200 by the river water, some water enters the inner cavity of the corresponding support 120 through the through-hole 1212a located at the installation abutment surface 1212 of the cage under the combined effects of water pressure difference, gravity infiltration, and capillary adsorption. Since the interior of multiple support 120s is filled with capillary water-conducting components 300, the water entering the inner cavity can be quickly adsorbed and stored by the capillary water-conducting components 300, forming a stable water-bearing area. The capillary water-conducting components 300 are preferably made of polyester filament nonwoven water-conducting geotextile, fiber water-conducting rope, or composite capillary water-conducting material. They have a continuous microporous structure and fiber gaps inside, which can form a large number of capillary channels, allowing water to be passively transported without relying on mechanical power.

[0056] Furthermore, after the capillary water-conducting component 300 in the bottom support 120 absorbs water, the water will gradually migrate towards the first cage unit 210 along the interior of the support plate 1213 under the action of capillary potential difference. Since the support plate 1213 has a hollow structure and is connected to the inner cavity of the support 120, and its interior is also filled with the capillary water-conducting component 300, the support plate 1213 is equivalent to forming a laterally extending capillary water-conducting bridge, which can stably transport the water in the support 120 to the area below the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c inside the first cage unit 210.

[0057] Specifically, when the river enters the dry season, water level drops, or seasonal flow interruption, the plant roots in traditional wetland slope protection structures often suffer from water shortage, yellowing, or even death because the upper cages 200 are far from the water surface and cannot directly contact the river water. In this embodiment, the water obtained near the lower cages 200 can form a progressively upward water guiding path through the capillary water guiding components 300 inside the multiple support seats 120 and support plates 1213, so that the water absorbed at the bottom can be continuously transported to the upper cages 200. That is, the capillary water guiding components 300 in the lower area first absorb water from the river water, and then transport it to the corresponding first cage unit 210 through the support plate 1213. At the same time, some water can be further transferred to the higher area along the capillary water guiding components 300 in the adjacent support seats 120, so that the entire stepped cage structure forms a passive capillary water supply network from bottom to top.

[0058] In this process, the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c inside the first cage unit 210, due to the interleaved distribution of gravel and soil, possesses both air permeability and water retention. On the one hand, the gaps between the gravel particles form channels that facilitate the rapid diffusion of capillary water; on the other hand, the soil portion can store the transported water and release it slowly through transpiration from the plant roots, thus maintaining a suitable level of moisture in the planting area. Because the water supply method is slow and continuous capillary infiltration, rather than concentrated irrigation, it effectively avoids root rot caused by long-term water accumulation at the plant roots, while also reducing the impact of heavy rainfall or short-term high water level changes on the stability of plant growth.

[0059] Furthermore, since the top opening of the support plate 1213 is located below the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c, moisture, after being transported to the end of the support plate 1213, can diffuse upwards from the top opening area and evenly infiltrate the interior of the gravel and soil mixture layer 210c, creating a bottom-up humid gradient environment in the planting area. Plant roots can extend downwards along the water-bearing direction, improving root penetration and overall erosion resistance, while also enhancing the bonding stability between the plants and the filling medium inside the cage 200.

[0060] Therefore, this embodiment not only achieves the ecological purification function of the riverbank protection structure, but also, through the continuous water-conducting path of the river water, through-hole 1212a, support base 120, capillary water-conducting component 300, support plate 1213, gravel, soil mixture layer 210c, and plant roots, enables the entire slope protection to form an adaptive water replenishment system that does not require external power supply. Even when the river water level fluctuates greatly or some areas are temporarily out of contact with the water, the plants in the multiple cages 200 above can still obtain a stable water supply, thereby significantly improving the plant survival rate, wetland ecological stability, and long-term service life of the slope protection structure.

[0061] Additionally, it should be noted that after the multiple support seats 120 are fixedly connected to the longitudinal fixing plate 110, baffles 140 can be detachably installed on the outer side of the support seats 120 at both ends of the longitudinal fixing plate 110. The baffles 140 and the corresponding support seats 120 are preferably detachably fixed by bolt connection, snap-fit ​​assembly or plug-in locking structure, so as to facilitate subsequent internal structure construction, inspection and maintenance and replacement of capillary water guiding assembly 300.

[0062] Specifically, after the multiple support seats 120 are connected to the longitudinal fixing plate 110, the multiple support seats 120 and the longitudinal fixing plate 110 together enclose an internal cavity extending longitudinally. This internal cavity is interconnected with the hollow area inside the support plate 1213 and serves as the receiving space for the capillary water guiding assembly 300. During the construction phase, workers can first remove the baffles 140 located at both ends, so that the internal cavity forms a construction entrance for personnel to operate or tools to enter. Then, workers can lay, pull, or fill the capillary water guiding assembly 300 section by section into the interior of the support seat 120 and the interior of the support plate 1213 from the ends to ensure the continuity of the capillary water guiding assembly 300 in the entire water guiding path.

[0063] Furthermore, when the capillary water-conducting component 300 uses polyester filament nonwoven water-conducting geotextile, it can be laid in rolls, gradually extending inward from the disassembly point of the baffle 140. When the capillary water-conducting component 300 uses fiber water-conducting rope, the water-conducting rope can be continuously threaded through the interior of multiple support seats 120 and the hollow area of ​​the support plate 1213 to form a capillary water-conducting network extending from the low-level area to the high-level area. When composite capillary water-conducting materials are used, they can be combined and filled according to the height of each layer of cage 200 and the water supply requirements to balance water-conducting efficiency and durability.

[0064] Furthermore, after the capillary water-conducting component 300 is laid, workers can reinstall the baffle 140 on the side of the corresponding support 120 to form a sealed protection for the internal cavity, preventing excessive intrusion of river silt, floating debris, or plant roots into the support 120 and causing blockage of the water-conducting channel. At the same time, the baffle 140 can provide limiting support for the internal capillary water-conducting component 300, reducing the risk of displacement, collapse, or partial detachment from the water-conducting path of the capillary water-conducting component 300 under long-term water flow impact or foundation settlement.

[0065] In addition, during long-term operation, if insufficient water supply, decreased capillary drainage efficiency, or local blockage is found in the upper cage 200 plants, maintenance personnel can also disassemble the baffle 140, inspect the inside of the support base 120, and partially extract, replace, or replenish the capillary drainage component 300 without having to completely dismantle the slope protection main body 100 and the cage 200, thereby significantly reducing the later maintenance costs and improving the maintainability and long-term operational stability of the overall slope protection structure.

[0066] Through the above-mentioned configuration, the baffle 140 not only serves to seal and protect the internal cavity of the support seat 120, but also enables the capillary water guiding component 300 to have the maintenance characteristics of being able to be constructed, inspected, and replaced, further enhancing the engineering feasibility and long-term service reliability of the entire cage-type wetland slope protection structure.

[0067] In addition, since the capillary water guiding component 300 is arranged in a gradient water guiding structure in the longitudinal direction inside multiple support seats 120 and support plate 1213, it can adapt to the water supply needs of the cage 200 in different height areas and improve the water supply stability of the entire slope protection structure during the dry season and water level fluctuation stage of the river.

[0068] In some embodiments, the capillary water-conducting component 300 inside the support 120 may include multiple water-conducting layers. The support 120 located near the low-lying area of ​​the river channel is preferably filled with a first water-conducting layer 301. The first water-conducting layer 301 is made of a water-conducting material with high capillary water absorption performance. It is preferably one or more of high-porosity polyester filament nonwoven water-conducting geotextile, coarse fiber water-conducting rope, or high-absorption fiber composite material to enhance the rapid water absorption capacity of the river channel and improve the water storage efficiency of the low-lying area.

[0069] The support base 120 located in the middle layer area is preferably filled with a second water-conducting layer 302. The second water-conducting layer 302 is made of a composite capillary water-conducting material with a moderate water conduction rate, so as to balance water transmission efficiency and water storage stability, so that the water obtained from the lower layer can be continuously and stably transported upward.

[0070] The support base 120 and the corresponding support plate 1213 located in the high position area are preferably filled with a third water guiding layer 303. The third water guiding layer 303 is made of fine fiber capillary material with high capillary lifting capacity but low instantaneous water guiding rate, so as to improve the ability of water to be lifted to the high position area, avoid rapid water loss in the lower area, and reduce the problem of local water accumulation in the planting layer caused by excessive instantaneous water supply in the high position area.

[0071] Furthermore, the first water-conducting layer 301, the second water-conducting layer 302, and the third water-conducting layer 303 can form a continuous water-conducting path through overlapping, interlacing, or insertion, so as to maintain a stable capillary water transport relationship between different layers. Among them, the overlap length between adjacent water-conducting layers is preferably 5cm to 20cm to ensure the continuity of capillary water conduction and avoid the decrease in water conduction efficiency due to structural discontinuity.

[0072] Furthermore, to ensure the continuity of the capillary water supply path and the consistency of water guiding performance in each level area, the material of the capillary water guiding component 300 set inside the corresponding support plate 1213 is preferably consistent with or matched with the water guiding layer in the height area inside the support base 120 to which it is connected.

[0073] Specifically, the support plate 1213 connected to the first water-conducting layer 301 preferably uses a water-conducting material with the same or similar high water absorption performance as the first water-conducting layer 301 to improve the ability of the low-level area to quickly introduce river water; the support plate 1213 connected to the second water-conducting layer 302 preferably uses a composite capillary water-conducting material with a moderate water conduction rate to maintain a stable water conveyance state in the middle area; and the support plate 1213 connected to the third water-conducting layer 303 preferably uses a fine fiber capillary material with high capillary lifting capacity and slow-release water supply performance to improve the continuous water replenishment capacity in the high-level area.

[0074] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 10 After the river channel enters its normal operation phase, the first water-conducting layer 301, located in the lower elevation region, preferentially absorbs water from the river water and, under the action of capillary potential difference, transports the water upward to the second water-conducting layer 302 and the third water-conducting layer 303. Because different water-conducting materials with differentiated capillary parameters are used in different layers, the entire capillary water-conducting component 300 can form a gradient water-conducting mode consisting of rapid water absorption at the lower elevation, stable water transport in the middle, and continuous slow-release water supply at the higher elevation, thereby constructing an adaptive passive water supply system based on elevation difference.

[0075] In particular, when the river enters the dry season, the water level drops, or the seasonal flow interruption stage, the water pre-stored inside the support base 120 in the low-level area can continue to be slowly transported to the high-level area under the action of capillary gradient, so that the cage 200 in the high-level area can still maintain a basically moist state, avoiding the problem of water loss and death of the upper plants due to the drop in water level in traditional wetland slope protection.

[0076] In addition, under conditions of continuous rainfall or short-term high water levels, the relatively low water conduction rate of the third aquifer 303 in the high-level area can, to some extent, weaken the supersaturation effect caused by instantaneous water input on the plant root zone, maintain a stable and humid environment in the planting area, and improve the long-term growth stability of plants and the overall wetland ecosystem's tolerance to environmental fluctuations.

[0077] Through the above configuration, the capillary water guiding components 300 inside the multiple support bases 120 not only realize continuous water delivery from low to high levels, but also, through the differentiated capillary performance settings of different levels, enable the entire cage-type wetland slope protection structure to form a gradient water supply network with adaptive water regulation capabilities, thereby further improving plant survival rate, wetland purification stability, and the long-term performance of the slope protection structure.

[0078] It should be noted that the reason for adopting differentiated water-conducting layer structures in the multiple layers of the capillary water-conducting component 300 is that there are significant differences in water acquisition capacity and water supply demand in different height areas of the riverbank protection environment. The support base 120, located in the lower area, is in long-term contact with the river water or is in a high-humidity environment. Its main function is to quickly acquire and store water in the river water. Therefore, it is more suitable to use water-conducting materials with high water absorption efficiency and strong water storage capacity. On the other hand, the cage 200, located in the higher area, is farther from the river water. Its main requirement is to improve the upward migration of water and maintain a continuous and stable water supply. Therefore, it is more suitable to use water-conducting materials with high capillary lifting capacity and a slower water supply rate.

[0079] If the same high-absorbency material is used inside multiple support bases 120 and support plates 1213, although the low-level area can quickly absorb water from the river, the high-absorbency material often has strong water storage characteristics, which can easily cause a large amount of water to be concentrated and retained in the low-level area, making it difficult for water to be continuously transferred to the high-level area, thereby reducing the water replenishment efficiency of the high-level cage 200. Conversely, if all materials with high capillary lifting capacity are used, the water intake efficiency in the low-level area may be insufficient, and the overall water supply will decrease.

[0080] Therefore, this embodiment sets up water-conducting layers with different capillary parameters along the longitudinal direction, so that the low-level area can first complete water absorption and storage, the middle area can maintain stable water delivery, and the high-level area can achieve continuous lifting and slow release of water supply, thereby forming a more stable and efficient gradient water supply system.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel, characterized in that, It includes a slope protection body (100) and multiple cages (200) laid on one side of the slope protection body (100). The slope protection body (100) includes a longitudinal fixing plate (110) and a plurality of support seats (120) fixedly disposed on one side of the longitudinal fixing plate (110), the plurality of support seats (120) being arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal fixing plate (110); The surface of the support base (120) is formed with a stepped area (121) for mounting the cage (200). The stepped area (121) includes a cage mounting support surface (1211) for supporting the cage (200) and a cage mounting abutment surface (1212) for limiting the displacement of the cage (200). A support plate (1213) is fixedly installed on the cage mounting abutment surface (1212). One end of the support plate (1213) extends into the cage (200) to form a positioning support and suspension support for the cage (200). The support plate (1213) has a hollow structure inside. Both the support base (120) and the support plate (1213) are filled with capillary water guiding components (300). The inner cavity of the support plate (1213) is connected to the inner cavity of the support base (120). The capillary water guiding components (300) in the inner cavity of the support base (120) are set with differentiated capillary parameters in the longitudinal direction so that the water absorbed in the low area is continuously transported through the support plate (1213) to the cage (200) in the high area, thereby forming a gradient water supply network that has both structural support and capillary water supply functions.

2. The cage-type wetland slope protection structure set in a river channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cage mounting abutment surface (1212) is provided with a through hole (1212a) that communicates with the inner cavity of the support base (120), so that the river water enters the interior of the support base (120) through the through hole (1212a) and is transported to the interior of the cage (200) through the support plate (1213).

3. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple stepped areas (121) on the support base (120) are arranged in a gradually inward manner from bottom to top to form a stepped distribution structure; A portion of the bottom of the upper cage (200) is supported on the cage mounting support surface (1211) of the corresponding support seat (120), and another portion is supported on the top area of ​​the lower cage (200).

4. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cage (200) includes a first cage unit (210) and a second cage unit (220). The first cage unit (210) is hinged to one side of the second cage unit (220), and the other side is locked by a buckle.

5. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first cage unit (210) has an internal cage unit (210a) inside. The internal cage unit (210a) has an opening (210b) on one side. The end of the support plate (1213) away from the cage mounting abutment surface (1212) extends into the internal cage unit (210a) through the opening (210b) to provide suspension support and lateral limitation for the cage (200).

6. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the support plate (1213) is provided with an opening, and the support plate (1213) is located below the first filling medium inside the first cage unit (210) so that the water transported inside the support plate (1213) diffuses into the first filling medium.

7. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second cage unit (220) is filled with a second filling medium, which includes a crushed stone layer (220a) and a gravel and zeolite mixture layer (220b).

8. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capillary water-conducting assembly (300) in the support base (120) includes a first water-conducting layer (301) in the low region, a second water-conducting layer (302) in the middle region, and a third water-conducting layer (303) in the high region. The first water-conducting layer (301), the second water-conducting layer (302), and the third water-conducting layer (303) are made of water-conducting materials with differentiated capillary parameters.

9. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support plate (1213) extends into the cage (200) and is located in the upper region of the cage (200), so that the cage (200) forms a composite force-bearing structure in the installed state, with the bottom support provided by the step region (121) and the upper suspension support provided by the support plate (1213).

10. A cage-type wetland slope protection structure installed in a river channel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (140) can be detachably installed on the outer side of the support base (120) located at both ends of the longitudinal fixing plate (110) along the length direction. The baffle (140) is used to close the inner cavity of the support base (120).

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