A ground excavating apparatus for TRD construction

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of excavation equipment, and particularly relates to a stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction, which comprises a TRD construction excavation mechanism, a bearing connecting mechanism and a multilayer sealing mechanism, the TRD construction excavation mechanism comprises a middle cutter box and an end cutter box, outer rotating columns are rotationally arranged on both sides of the middle cutter box and the end cutter box, three groups of inner rotating columns are rotationally arranged on the inner sides of the middle cutter box and the end cutter box, rubber through pipes are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the middle cutter box and the end cutter box, branch pipes are connected to the side walls of the rubber through pipes, and excavation spirals are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the outer rotating columns. The TRD construction excavation mechanism is arranged, when the underground continuous wall is moved in the transverse direction, the two outer rotating columns can be reversely rotated, the lateral earth pressure directions of the excavation spirals on one side and the excavation spirals on the other side are opposite, the transverse lateral tilting force is offset, and the structural stress problem that the cutting box is deformed and tilted due to the unidirectional rotation of the traditional chain cutter is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of excavation equipment technology, and more particularly to a stratum excavation device for TRD construction. Background Technology

[0002] The TRD (Trans-Rambar Formation) method is a widely used technique for constructing cutoff walls and diaphragm walls in deep foundation pits. Its core equipment includes a segmentable, modular chain-cutting box. After being vertically inserted into the soil layer, the cutting box is driven by a power head at the top, which rotates the chain inside the box at high speed. This rotation drives numerous fixed blades on the chain to perform horizontal chainsaw-like cuts on the soil. During the cutting process, the equipment simultaneously injects cement grout under high pressure into the cutting groove. The chain blades continuously and forcibly mix the grout with the in-situ soil, ensuring thorough mixing and forming a continuous, uniformly thick cement-soil diaphragm wall with excellent water-stopping properties.

[0003] However, existing TRD equipment generally adopts a single-direction rotating chain cutter cutting mechanism, which has the following technical defects in actual engineering applications: (1) The chain cutter relies on small-sized blades to repeatedly scrape the soil, and the cutting force is limited, making it difficult to efficiently enter hard strata such as hard plastic clay and dense sand, resulting in a significant decrease in construction efficiency and increased equipment wear; (2) When the chain cutter rotates in one direction, it will generate a continuous and significant lateral tilting force on the cutting box. Especially when the cantilever length of the cutting box is large, the box and the cutter connecting plate are prone to lateral tilting deformation, which is extremely unfavorable to the structural stress and directly affects the verticality of the wall and the quality of the wall; (3) When the single-direction rotating chain cutter is mixing cement soil, its movement direction is easy to "guide" the newly injected grout upward along the cutting groove to the ground surface, causing a large amount of grout waste and a decrease in the uniformity of the wall.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies, we propose a stratum excavation device for TRD construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a TRD (Tracking and Debris Removal) excavation equipment for strata excavation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A TRD (Tracking Debris) excavation equipment for strata excavation includes a TRD excavation mechanism, a bearing connection mechanism, and a multi-layer sealing mechanism. The TRD excavation mechanism includes a central toolbox and an end toolbox. Both sides of the central and end toolboxes are rotatably equipped with outer rotating columns. Three sets of inner rotating columns are rotatably equipped inside both the central and end toolboxes. Rubber tubes are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both the central and end toolboxes, and branch pipes are connected to the side walls of the rubber tubes. Excavation blades are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the outer rotating columns. Several vertical blades are evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of each excavation blade. A central cone and a side cone are provided at the bottom of the end toolbox. Several soil-breaking blades are evenly distributed and fixedly connected to the side walls of the central and side cones. The multi-layer sealing mechanism is located at the upper and lower ports of the bearing connection mechanism.

[0008] In this invention, the bearing connection mechanism includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. An outer convex ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sleeve. Several independent arc grooves are provided on the outer wall of the outer convex ring. Rollers are embedded in the inner side of the independent arc grooves. A combined bearing outer sleeve is provided on the outer side of the inner sleeve. The combined bearing outer sleeve includes a middle bearing ring and two sets of spliced ​​outer rings. Two sets of guide ring grooves are spliced ​​on the inner side of the middle bearing ring and the two sets of spliced ​​outer rings. The inner wall of the guide ring groove is in contact with the rollers. A retaining groove is provided on the side wall of the spliced ​​outer ring and the outer convex ring.

[0009] In this invention, the multi-layer sealing mechanism includes a metal slip ring, an inner groove, an outer groove, and a coupling groove. The metal slip ring is snapped into the inner side of the groove. The inner groove and the coupling groove are both fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve. The outer groove is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the splicing outer ring. An inner seat is snapped into the upper side of the inner groove. An inner metal ring is fixedly connected to the side of the inner seat. An outer seat is snapped into the upper side of the outer groove. An outer metal ring is provided on the side of the outer seat.

[0010] In this invention, both ends of the central tool box and the upper end of the end tool box are provided with mating sealing gaskets. The two ends of the central tool box and the end tool box are screwed together. Both ends of the outer rotating column are fixedly installed with connecting flanges. The side cone head is screwed and installed at the lower end of the outer rotating column. The lower end of the inner rotating column located inside the end tool box is fixedly installed with a bottom mating flange. The central cone head is screwed and installed at the lower end of the bottom mating flange.

[0011] In this invention, both sides of the central support tool box and the end tool box are provided with grouting ports. The end of the branch pipe is screwed into the inner end of the grouting port. A metal mesh plate is provided at the outer port of the grouting port. The lower side of the end tool box is provided with a sloping conical edge.

[0012] In this invention, a bearing sleeve is rotatably fitted on the outer side of the inner rotating column. The bearing sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle tool box and the end tool box respectively. An internal hexagonal mating groove is opened at the upper end of the inner rotating column, and a hexagonal mating plug is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner rotating column. Threaded joints are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the rubber tube.

[0013] In this invention, a side support is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve, and the side support is screwed onto the outer wall of the middle bearing tool box and the end tool box. The inner sleeve is screwed onto the outer wall of the outer rotating column, and the outer sleeve is screwed onto the outer side of the combined bearing outer sleeve. Two sets of sealing washers are provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve.

[0014] In this invention, an oil injection hole is provided on the side wall of the splicing outer ring, and the oil injection hole is connected to the inner side of the guide ring groove. A plurality of assembly studs are provided on the inner side of the middle bearing ring. The middle bearing ring and the two sets of splicing outer rings are assembled by screwing together the assembly studs. Elastic anti-loosening plates are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the upper end of the assembly studs.

[0015] In this invention, a plurality of inner card seats are sequentially stacked and snapped onto the upper side of the inner card seat, and a plurality of outer card seats are sequentially stacked and snapped onto the upper side of the outer card seat. The plurality of inner metal rings and the plurality of outer metal rings are sequentially stacked and spliced ​​to form a labyrinth sealing metal structure.

[0016] In this invention, an inner pressure ring is press-fitted onto the upper side of the uppermost inner card seat, and the inner pressure ring is screwed onto the outer wall of the inner sleeve. An outer pressure ring is press-fitted onto the upper side of the uppermost outer card seat, and the outer pressure ring is screwed onto the upper end of the splicing outer ring. An outer arc-shaped rubber ring is fixedly bonded to the upper side of the outer pressure ring, and the upper end of the outer arc-shaped rubber ring extends to the inner side of the coupling groove.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In this invention, a TRD (Tracking Debris) excavation equipment for underground drilling utilizes a segmented box structure composed of a central cutter box and end cutter boxes. External rotating columns are rotatably mounted on both sides of the box, while multiple sets of internal rotating columns are located on the inner side. The excavating blades fixedly connected to the external rotating columns, along with vertically distributed cutters and the central and side cones and their soil-breaking blades at the bottom of the end cutter boxes, constitute a double-helix tunneling system. During downward excavation, the two external rotating columns rotate in the same direction, utilizing the continuous cutting and downward soil-guiding action of the excavating blades to achieve efficient soil breaking and drilling. This allows access to harder strata such as hard plastic clay and dense sand, significantly improving initial trenching efficiency. However, during lateral movement to construct a continuous underground wall, the two external rotating columns rotate in opposite directions, causing the lateral earth pressure on one side of the excavating blade to be opposite to that on the other side. This counteracts the lateral tilting force, effectively solving the structural stress problem caused by the unidirectional rotation of the cutting box in traditional chain cutters. Meanwhile, during the horizontal wall-forming stage, the local circulation effect formed by the dual-axis counter-rotation can effectively confine the high-pressure injected cement slurry within the cutting zone, avoiding the waste caused by the traditional chain cutter guiding the slurry to the ground surface due to unidirectional movement, and greatly improving the mixing uniformity of cement-soil and the quality of the wall.

[0019] In this invention, a TRD (Tunnel Digging) excavation equipment for soil preparation utilizes a bearing connection mechanism. This mechanism employs a combined bearing outer sleeve and inner sleeve structure, specifically positioned between the outer rotating column and the cutter box sidewall. The core of this mechanism lies in the independent arc groove on the outer convex ring of the inner sleeve's outer wall, into which rollers are embedded. These rollers roll in conjunction with the middle bearing ring and the guide ring groove formed by the inner sides of two sets of spliced ​​outer sleeve rings, thus creating a high-load-bearing, splittable bearing system. This bearing connection mechanism is solely responsible for load-bearing, specifically withstanding the complex radial cutting forces and axial thrust generated by the auger excavator during downward excavation and lateral cutting, ensuring low-friction, stable rotation of the outer rotating column relative to the cutter box sidewall. Simultaneously, its split structure precisely connects with a multi-layer sealing mechanism via slots, solving the dynamic sealing problem of rotating components penetrating soil layers. It is important to clarify that this mechanism does not handle torque transmission—when the upper and lower cutting boxes are sequentially spliced, the torque between adjacent outer rotating columns is rigidly transmitted directly through the end connecting flanges. Through this division of labor design where "bearings only bear the load and flanges transmit the power," this invention successfully solves the structural bottleneck of traditional chain cutter equipment, which cannot be easily replaced by a spiral tunneling mechanism due to the lack of a rotary support structure suitable for deep soil, high pressure, and high abrasion conditions. It provides a reliable rotation and load-bearing foundation for dual-axis reverse spiral excavation.

[0020] In this invention, a TRD (Tracking and Debris Removal) excavation equipment for geological formations utilizes a multi-layered sealing mechanism to achieve a three-layer composite sealing system, consisting of a metal slip ring, a labyrinth seal metal structure, and an outer arc-shaped rubber ring, arranged sequentially from the inside out. The metal slip ring, as the innermost sealing component, provides excellent rigid support, resisting the intrusion of external mud and sand particles under earth pressure conditions and maintaining the basic shape of the sealing structure. The middle layer, a labyrinth seal metal structure composed of several inner and outer metal rings stacked sequentially on the inner and outer seats, extends the channel length for mud infiltration through multiple tortuous sealing paths. It also utilizes a throttling effect to consume pressure energy, significantly reducing the impact of high-pressure mud on the sealing interface. The outermost arc-shaped rubber ring undergoes elastic deformation under earth pressure, further pressing and adhering to the inner wall of the coupling groove, forming an adaptive flexible sealing interface. The three-layer sealing works synergistically, utilizing both the deformation resistance of metal components in high-pressure soil and the elastic compensation characteristics of rubber materials. This effectively solves the industry problem of grout entering the bearing end and seal failure when the spiral excavator operates deep in the soil, ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the equipment in deep foundation pit construction. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 3 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 4 ;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 5 ;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 6 ;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of a TRD construction stratum excavation equipment proposed in this invention. Figure 7 ;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the outer rotating column;

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing connection mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the bearing connection mechanism;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the bearing connection mechanism.

[0033] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing connection mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the bearing connection mechanism Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the bearing connection mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional disassembled structure of the bearing connection mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 17 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the assembled stud.

[0038] Figure 18 A partial three-dimensional sectional view of the bearing connection mechanism;

[0039] Figure 19 for Figure 11 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 20 This is a magnified 3D diagram of the inner card slot;

[0041] Figure 21 This is a magnified 3D diagram of the external card slot.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. TRD excavation mechanism; 11. Central toolbox; 12. End toolbox; 13. Butt sealing gasket; 14. Outer rotating column; 15. Shotcrete nozzle; 16. Sloping cone edge; 17. Inner rotating column; 18. Internal hexagonal butt groove; 19. Hexagonal butt plug; 110. Bearing sleeve; 111. Rubber hose; 112. Branch pipe; 113. Threaded joint; 114. Bottom butt flange; 115. Central cone head; 116. Soil-breaking blade; 117. Side cone head; 118. Excavating auger; 119. Vertical cutter; 120. Connecting flange; 2. Bearing connection mechanism; 21. Side support; 22. Outer sleeve; 23. Inner sleeve; 24. Sealing gasket; 25. Outer convex ring; 26. Independent arc groove; 27. Roller; 28. Spliced ​​outer sleeve; 29. ​​Middle bearing sleeve; 210. Oil injection hole; 211. Assembled stud; 212. Elastic anti-loosening plate; 213. Guide ring groove; 214. Slot; 3. Multi-layer sealing mechanism; 31. Metal slip ring; 32. Inner slot; 33. Inner seat; 34. Outer slot; 35. Outer seat; 36. Inner metal ring; 37. Outer metal ring; 38. Inner pressure ring; 39. Outer pressure ring; 310. Outer arc-shaped rubber ring; 311. Coupling slot. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] First embodiment: Please refer to the following: Figures 1-9 In the first embodiment of the present invention, a TRD (Tracking and Debris Removal) excavation equipment for geological formation excavation includes a TRD excavation mechanism 1, a bearing connection mechanism 2, and a multi-layer sealing mechanism 3. The TRD excavation mechanism 1 includes a central toolbox 11 and an end toolbox 12. Outer rotating columns 14 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the central toolbox 11 and the end toolbox 12. Three sets of inner rotating columns 17 are rotatably arranged on the inner sides of the central toolbox 11 and the end toolbox 12. The inner walls of the central toolbox 11 and the end toolbox 12 are... All are fixedly installed with rubber tubes 111, and branch pipes 112 are connected to the side wall of the rubber tubes 111. A digging blade 118 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer rotating column 14. Several vertical cutters 119 are evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the digging blade 118. A central cone 115 and a side cone 117 are provided at the bottom of the end cutter box 12. Several soil-breaking blades 116 are evenly distributed and fixedly connected to the side walls of the central cone 115 and the side cone 117. The multi-layer sealing mechanism 3 is set at the upper and lower ports of the bearing connection mechanism 2.

[0045] With the above-described configuration, when the middle cutter box 11 and the end cutter box 12 are connected by bolts, the mating sealing gasket 13 is pressed between the two mating surfaces to form a static seal structure, preventing external mud from seeping into the box body under the combined action of earth pressure and grouting pressure. The connecting flanges 120 fixedly installed at both ends of the outer rotating column 14 are used to achieve rigid torque transmission between adjacent outer rotating columns 14 when the upper and lower cutting boxes are spliced. The coaxiality is ensured by the positioning stop, and the static seal at the connection is achieved with the sealing element, ensuring that the power is transmitted from the upper rotating shaft to the lower rotating shaft. The side cone head 117 is bolted to the lower end of the outer rotating column 14 and is equipped with an anti-loosening structure. It rotates synchronously with the outer rotating column 14 and plays a guiding and assisting role in breaking the soil when excavating downwards. The lower end of the inner rotating column 17 inside the end cutter box 12 is connected to the middle cone head 115 through the bottom mating flange 114. The middle cone head 115 rotates with the inner rotating column 17, forming a multi-point soil breaking layout with the side cone heads 117 on both sides, and working together to complete the breaking and cutting of the bottom soil.

[0046] It should be noted that the excavating blade 118, fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer rotating column 14, can efficiently excavate the broken soil at the bottom by utilizing its continuous helical surface when digging downwards, while the helical cutting edge has good vertical cutting ability against the soil. However, when the equipment moves laterally to construct a diaphragm wall, the helical surface direction of the excavating blade 118 forms an angle with the lateral cutting direction, resulting in relatively weak lateral cutting ability. To address this, the present invention provides several vertical cutters 119 evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the excavating blade 118. The cutting edge direction of these vertical cutters 119 matches the lateral cutting direction, effectively cutting the soil laterally during the equipment's lateral movement, thus compensating for the lack of lateral cutting ability of the excavating blade 118. Simultaneously, as the vertical cutters 119 rotate with the outer rotating column 14, their protruding blade structure can generate additional shearing and tumbling effects on the cut soil and cement slurry, enhancing the mixing effect. By using a composite configuration of excavating the shear blade 118 and the vertical cutter 119, the shear blade mainly performs spiral cutting during downward excavation, while the vertical cutter 119 assists in crushing. During transverse cutting, the vertical cutter 119 mainly performs lateral cutting, while the spiral surface of the shear blade assists in mixing. The two work together to ensure the efficiency of downward excavation and improve the lateral cutting ability and cement-soil mixing uniformity during transverse wall formation.

[0047] In this configuration, both ends of the central toolbox 11 and the upper end of the end toolbox 12 are provided with mating sealing gaskets 13. The two ends of the central toolbox 11 and the end toolbox 12 are screwed together. Both ends of the outer rotating column 14 are fixedly installed with connecting flanges 120. The side cone head 117 is screwed onto the lower end of the outer rotating column 14. The lower end of the inner rotating column 17 located inside the end toolbox 12 is fixedly installed with a bottom mating flange 114. The central cone head 115 is screwed onto the lower end of the bottom mating flange 114. Both sides of the central toolbox 11 and the end toolbox 12 are provided with grouting nozzles 15. The end of the branch pipe 112 is screwed into the inner end of the grouting nozzle 15. A metal mesh plate is provided at the outer port of the grouting nozzle 15. The lower perimeter of the end toolbox 12 is provided with oblique cone edges 16.

[0048] With the above-described configuration, the grouting nozzles 15 are evenly distributed along the sides of the central cutter box 11 and the end cutter box 12 in the vertical direction. After multiple central cutter boxes 11 and end cutter boxes 12 are sequentially spliced ​​to form an integral cutter box, the grouting nozzles 15 are evenly distributed from bottom to top. The end of the branch pipe 112 is screwed into the inner end of the grouting nozzle 15. The cement grout passes through the rubber tube 111 and the branch pipe 112 in sequence and is then simultaneously sprayed from multiple points of the grouting nozzles 15 under the action of grouting pressure. This multi-layer, multi-point evenly distributed grouting structure, together with the excavating blades 118 fixed on the outer rotating columns 14 on both sides, forms a "spray-stir" synergistic cooperation: the grouting nozzles 15 of each layer continuously replenish fresh grout to the cutting zone, while the rotating excavating blades 118 forcibly stir the grout and soil, so that the grout is repeatedly sheared, turned over, and mixed in the cutting zone, which significantly improves the uniformity of cement-soil mixing. The metal mesh plate installed at the outer port of the grouting nozzle 15 is used to prevent external soil particles from entering the grouting pipeline in reverse during the grouting interval and causing blockage. The inclined conical edge 16 installed around the lower side of the end cutter box 12 is used to reduce the end resistance during downward excavation and guide the cutter box to sink smoothly.

[0049] In this method, a bearing sleeve 110 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the inner rotating column 17. The bearing sleeve 110 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle tool box 11 and the end tool box 12 respectively. The upper end of the inner rotating column 17 is provided with an internal hexagonal mating groove 18, and the lower end of the inner rotating column 17 is fixedly installed with a hexagonal mating plug 19. The upper and lower ends of the rubber tube 111 are provided with screw joints 113.

[0050] With the above-described configuration, a bearing sleeve 110 is rotatably fitted on the outer side of the inner rotating column 17. The bearing sleeve 110 is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the middle tool box 11 and the end tool box 12, respectively, providing rotational support for the inner rotating column 17. The internal hexagonal mating groove 18 opened at the upper end of the inner rotating column 17 forms a plug-in fit with the hexagonal mating plug 19 at the lower end of the adjacent inner rotating column 17, realizing torque transmission between the upper and lower inner rotating columns 17. Both the upper and lower ends of the rubber tube 111 are provided with threaded joints 113, which are used to achieve quick docking and sealing connection between the upper and lower rubber tubes 111 during the splicing of the cutting box, ensuring the continuity of the slurry conveying pipeline.

[0051] Second embodiment: Please refer to the following: Figures 10-17 In this embodiment, the bearing connection mechanism 2 includes an outer sleeve 22 and an inner sleeve 23. An outer convex ring 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23. Several independent arc grooves 26 are provided on the outer wall of the outer convex ring 25. Rollers 27 are embedded in the inner side of the independent arc grooves 26. A combined bearing outer sleeve is provided on the outer side of the inner sleeve 23. The combined bearing outer sleeve includes a middle bearing ring 29 and two sets of spliced ​​outer rings 28. Two sets of guide ring grooves 213 are spliced ​​on the inner side of the middle bearing ring 29 and the two sets of spliced ​​outer rings 28. The inner wall of the guide ring groove 213 is in contact with the rollers 27. A slot 214 is provided on the side wall of the spliced ​​outer ring 28 and the outer convex ring 25.

[0052] With the above-described configuration, the inner sleeve 23 of the bearing connection mechanism 2 is fitted onto the outer wall of the outer rotating column 14 and rotates synchronously with it. The outer convex ring 25 on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23 has several independent arc grooves 26, each containing a roller 27. The combined bearing outer sleeve is assembled from a middle bearing ring 29 and two sets of spliced ​​outer rings 28, their inner sides spliced ​​to form a guide ring groove 213. The inner wall of the guide ring groove 213 contacts the roller 27, forming a rolling bearing system. This structure enables the outer rotating column 14 to rotate with low friction relative to the side wall of the toolbox, while simultaneously bearing the radial cutting force and axial thrust generated by the auger tunneling mechanism during operation in the soil.

[0053] It is worth noting that the entire bearing system adopts a design that allows for disassembly layer by layer from the outside in: the outer sleeve 22 can be removed from the side wall of the tool box; the combined bearing outer sleeve can be disassembled into the middle bearing ring 29 and two sets of spliced ​​outer sleeve rings 28; the inner sleeve 23 can be removed from the outer rotating column 14; and the roller 27 can be removed from the independent arc groove 26. This fully disassembled structure allows any component in the bearing system to be replaced individually after wear or damage, eliminating the need to lift the entire cutting box out of the soil for overall repair, significantly reducing the difficulty of later maintenance and construction costs. At the same time, the detachable design also facilitates the inspection and lubrication of each component during equipment assembly, ensuring that the bearing system is in optimal working condition before being buried.

[0054] In this method, a side support 21 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 22. The side support 21 is screwed onto the outer wall of the middle bearing tool box 11 and the end tool box 12. The inner sleeve 23 is screwed onto the outer wall of the outer rotating column 14. The outer sleeve 22 is screwed onto the outer side of the combined bearing outer sleeve. Two sets of sealing washers 24 are provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 22.

[0055] With the above-described configuration, the side support 21, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 22, is screwed onto the outer walls of the middle bearing tool box 11 and the end tool box 12, thereby fixing the bearing connecting mechanism 2 to the side wall of the tool box. The outer sleeve 22 is fitted onto the outside of the combined bearing to form a protective structure, and the sealing gasket 24 on its inner wall is used to prevent external mud from seeping into the bearing area along the gaps under the action of earth pressure.

[0056] In this method, an oil injection hole 210 is provided on the side wall of the splicing outer ring 28. The oil injection hole 210 is connected to the inner side of the guide ring groove 213. Several splicing studs 211 are provided on the inner side of the middle bearing ring 29. The middle bearing ring 29 and the two sets of splicing outer rings 28 are assembled by screwing together the splicing studs 211. Elastic anti-loosening plates 212 are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the upper end of the splicing studs 211.

[0057] With the above-described configuration, the oil injection hole 210 on the side wall of the spliced ​​outer ring 28 is connected to the inner side of the guide ring groove 213, for injecting lubricating grease into the bearing cavity. The intermediate bearing ring 29 and the two sets of spliced ​​outer rings 28 are assembled by screwing together the assembly studs 211. The elastic anti-loosening plate 212 provided on the upper end of the assembly studs 211 is used to prevent the screw connection from loosening under vibration conditions.

[0058] Third embodiment: Please refer to the following: Figures 18-21 In this embodiment, the multi-layer sealing mechanism 3 includes a metal slip ring 31, an inner groove 32, an outer groove 34, and a coupling groove 311. The metal slip ring 31 is snapped into the inner side of the groove 214. The inner groove 32 and the coupling groove 311 are both fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23. The outer groove 34 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the splicing outer ring 28. An inner seat 33 is snapped into the upper side of the inner groove 32. An inner metal ring piece 36 is fixedly connected to the side of the inner seat 33. An outer seat 35 is snapped into the upper side of the outer groove 34. An outer metal ring piece 37 is provided on the side of the outer seat 35.

[0059] With the above-described configuration, the metal slip ring 31 is snapped into the inner side of the slot 214, serving as the innermost sealing component. Its metal material possesses excellent rigidity, maintaining shape stability under the combined action of earth pressure and grouting pressure, thus preventing sand particles from entering the bearing area. The inner slot 32 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23 and rotates with it, while the outer slot 34 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the spliced ​​outer ring 28 and remains stationary, forming a relative rotational interface between the two.

[0060] In this method, several inner card holders 33 are sequentially stacked and snapped onto the upper side of the inner card holder 33, several outer card holders 35 are sequentially stacked and snapped onto the upper side of the outer card holder 35, and several inner metal rings 36 and several outer metal rings 37 are sequentially stacked and spliced ​​to form a labyrinth sealing metal structure.

[0061] With the above configuration, the inner retainer 33 is engaged with the upper side of the inner retainer groove 32 and rotates synchronously with the inner sleeve 23. The inner metal ring 36, fixedly connected to the side of the inner retainer 33, rotates with the inner sleeve 23. The outer retainer 35 is engaged with the upper side of the outer retainer groove 34 and remains stationary. The outer metal ring 37, provided on the side of the outer retainer 35, remains stationary. Several inner metal rings 36 and outer metal rings 37 are alternately stacked to form a labyrinth seal metal structure. This extends the slurry infiltration channel through multiple tortuous sealing paths, utilizing the throttling effect to consume the energy of earth pressure and grouting pressure, thus weakening the impact of the slurry on the bearing area.

[0062] In this configuration, an inner pressure ring 38 is press-fitted onto the upper side of the inner card holder 33, and the inner pressure ring 38 is screwed onto the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23. An outer pressure ring 39 is press-fitted onto the upper side of the outer card holder 35, and the outer pressure ring 39 is screwed onto the upper end of the splicing outer ring 28. An outer arc-shaped rubber ring 310 is fixedly bonded to the upper side of the outer pressure ring 39, and the upper end of the outer arc-shaped rubber ring 310 extends to the inner side of the coupling groove 311.

[0063] With the above configuration, an inner pressure ring 38 is pressed onto the upper side of the uppermost inner seat 33. The inner pressure ring 38 is screwed onto the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23, axially pressing and fixing the stacked inner seats 33. An outer pressure ring 39 is pressed onto the upper side of the uppermost outer seat 35. The outer pressure ring 39 is screwed onto the upper end of the splicing outer ring 28. An outer arc-shaped rubber ring 310 is fixedly bonded to the upper side of the outer pressure ring 39. The upper end of the outer arc-shaped rubber ring 310 extends to the inner side of the coupling groove 311. Under the action of external earth pressure, it undergoes elastic deformation and adaptively presses and adheres to the inner wall of the coupling groove 311, forming the outermost flexible sealing interface. The sealing effect is enhanced as the earth pressure increases.

[0064] It is worth noting that the labyrinth seal metal structure adopts a layer-by-layer, interlocking assembly method. Correspondingly, it can also be disassembled layer by layer from the outside to the inside: first remove the outer pressure ring 39 and the inner pressure ring 38, then take out the outermost outer retaining seat 35 and its outer metal ring 37, the adjacent inner retaining seat 33 and its inner metal ring 36 in sequence, and disassemble layer by layer until all are removed. This detachable design allows any retaining seat or metal ring in the labyrinth seal to be replaced individually after wear, without having to lift the entire cutting box out of the soil for overall repair, greatly reducing the difficulty of later maintenance of the sealing system during deep foundation pit construction.

[0065] The working principle of the TRD construction stratum excavation equipment provided by this invention is as follows:

[0066] I. Downward tunneling work

[0067] After the equipment is started, the power head drives the outer rotating column 14 and the inner rotating column 17 to rotate. During downward excavation, the outer rotating columns 14 on both sides rotate in the same direction. The excavating blades 118 on the outer wall of the outer rotating column 14 continuously cut the soil, and their continuous spiral surface guides the broken soil at the bottom upward, providing space for continuous drilling. The central cone head 115 at the bottom of the end cutter box 12 rotates with the inner rotating column 17, and the side cone heads 117 on both sides rotate synchronously with the outer rotating column 14. The three form a multi-point soil breaking layout. The soil breaking blades 116 on the side walls of the central cone head 115 and the side cone heads 117 pre-break the soil at the bottom. At the same time, the vertical cutters 119 evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the excavating blades 118 assist in breaking the soil during rotation. Cement slurry is sprayed synchronously from multiple points through the rubber pipe 111 and the branch pipe 112, which are evenly distributed along the height of the cutter box, and is initially mixed with the broken soil. Efficient downward tunneling is achieved through the co-rotating spiral soil conveying action and the multi-point soil breaking layout at the bottom.

[0068] II. Horizontal cutting to form a wall

[0069] After the equipment reaches the designed depth, it begins to move horizontally to construct the diaphragm wall. At this time, the outer rotating columns 14 on both sides switch to reverse rotation. The excavating blades 118 on one side of the outer rotating column 14 face the cutting direction, while those on the other side face away from the cutting direction. The lateral horizontal thrust generated by the two is opposite in direction and equal in magnitude, canceling out the lateral tilting force. During the horizontal movement, the vertical cutter 119 plays the main role in lateral cutting, with its cutting edge direction matching the horizontal cutting direction, compensating for the lack of lateral cutting capability of the excavating blades 118. The grouting nozzles 15 of each layer continuously inject cement grout into the cutting zone under high pressure. The rotating excavating blades 118 and the rotating vertical cutter 119 forcibly mix the grout and soil, forming a local circulation that confines the grout within the cutting zone. Through the division of labor and cooperation between the excavating blades 118 and the vertical cutter 119—with the vertical cutter 119 mainly performing lateral cutting and the spiral surface of the blades assisting in mixing during horizontal movement—a continuous and uniform thickness cement-soil diaphragm wall is constructed.

[0070] III. Coordinated operation of bearing support and seal

[0071] During the rotation of the outer rotating column 14, the bearing connection mechanism 2 provides stable rotational support: the inner sleeve 23 rotates synchronously with the outer rotating column 14, and the rollers 27 on the outer convex ring 25 of the outer wall of the inner sleeve 23 roll in the guide ring groove 213 on the inner side of the outer sleeve of the combined bearing, forming a rolling bearing system, which bears radial cutting force and axial thrust, and at the same time realizes low-friction rotation of the outer rotating column 14 relative to the side wall of the tool box. The multi-layer sealing mechanism 3 works simultaneously to provide a seal: the innermost metal slip ring 31 engages with the inside of the groove 214, using metal rigidity to prevent large particles of sand from entering the bearing area; the middle layer's labyrinth seal metal structure is formed by alternating layers of inner metal rings 36 on the inner seat 33 and outer metal rings 37 on the outer seat 35, extending the mud infiltration channel through multiple tortuous sealing paths, and using a throttling effect to consume the energy of earth pressure and grouting pressure; the outermost outer arc-shaped rubber ring 310 undergoes elastic deformation under earth pressure, adaptively pressing tightly against the inner wall of the coupling groove 311, forming a flexible sealing interface, and the sealing effect increases with increasing earth pressure. The three layers of seals work together to ensure long-term reliable operation of the bearing area under high-pressure conditions in deep soil. When it is necessary to increase the tunneling depth, the upper and lower cutting boxes are sealed together by the mating sealing gasket 13. The adjacent outer rotating columns 14 are rigidly torqued through the connecting flange 120. The adjacent inner rotating columns 17 are connected by the hexagonal mating groove 18 and the hexagonal mating plug 19. The rubber pipe 111 is connected to the slurry pipeline through the screw joint 113. After the segment splicing is completed, the above-mentioned tunneling and wall construction work continues.

[0072] It should be noted that this invention mainly improves the excavation end of the TRD construction stratum excavation equipment. The peripheral supporting technologies, such as the drive power source and grout supply, all adopt mature technologies in the field and will not be elaborated further. Specifically: At the upper end of each rotating shaft connected to the outer rotating column 14 and the inner rotating column 17, five independent high-torque drive motors are correspondingly installed in the head section of the TRD equipment. These motors are respectively connected to the outer rotating columns 14 on both sides and the three sets of inner rotating columns 17, providing them with unidirectional or counter-directional rotational driving force. The upper end of the rubber tube 111 is connected to the output end of the external grouting equipment via a screw connector 113. The grouting equipment provides high-pressure cement grout, which is sprayed out from the grout nozzle 15 after passing through the rubber tube 111 and the branch pipe 112. The above-mentioned drive motor arrangement and grouting equipment connection methods are all conventional technologies known to those skilled in the art. After reading the technical solutions described in this specification, those skilled in the art can reasonably configure and implement the above-mentioned peripheral supporting technologies according to actual engineering needs without any creative effort.

[0073] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stratum excavation device for TRD construction, characterized in that, include: The TRD construction excavation mechanism (1) includes a central toolbox (11) and an end toolbox (12). Both the central toolbox (11) and the end toolbox (12) are rotatably equipped with outer rotating columns (14) on both sides. Both the central toolbox (11) and the end toolbox (12) are rotatably equipped with three sets of inner rotating columns (17) on their inner sides. Rubber tubes (11) are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both the central toolbox (11) and the end toolbox (12). 1) A branch pipe (112) is connected to the side wall of the rubber tube (111), and a digging blade (118) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer rotating column (14). Several vertical cutters (119) are evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the digging blade (118). A middle cone head (115) and a side cone head (117) are provided at the bottom of the end cutter box (12). Several soil-breaking blades (116) are evenly distributed and fixedly connected to the side walls of the middle cone head (115) and the side cone head (117). The bearing connection mechanism (2) includes an outer sleeve (22) and an inner sleeve (23). An outer convex ring (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sleeve (23). Several independent arc grooves (26) are provided on the outer wall of the outer convex ring (25). Rollers (27) are embedded in the inner side of the independent arc grooves (26). A combined bearing outer sleeve is provided on the outer side of the inner sleeve (23). The combined bearing outer sleeve includes a middle bearing ring (29) and two sets of spliced ​​outer rings (28). Two sets of guide ring grooves (213) are spliced ​​on the inner side of the middle bearing ring (29) and the two sets of spliced ​​outer rings (28). The inner wall of the guide ring groove (213) is in contact with the rollers (27). A slot (214) is provided on the side wall of the spliced ​​outer ring (28) and the outer convex ring (25). Multi-layer sealing mechanism (3) is provided at the upper and lower ports of bearing connection mechanism (2).

2. The stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-layer sealing mechanism (3) includes a metal slip ring (31), an inner groove (32), an outer groove (34), and a coupling groove (311). The metal slip ring (31) is snapped into the inner side of the groove (214). The inner groove (32) and the coupling groove (311) are both fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (23). The outer groove (34) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the splicing outer ring (28). An inner seat (33) is snapped into the upper side of the inner groove (32). An inner metal ring piece (36) is fixedly connected to the side of the inner seat (33). An outer seat (35) is snapped into the upper side of the outer groove (34). An outer metal ring piece (37) is provided on the side of the outer seat (35).

3. The stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the central tool box (11) and the upper end of the end tool box (12) are provided with mating sealing gaskets (13). Both ends of the central tool box (11) and the end tool box (12) are screwed together. Both ends of the outer rotating column (14) are fixedly installed with connecting flanges (120). The side cone head (117) is screwed to the lower end of the outer rotating column (14). The lower end of the inner rotating column (17) located inside the end tool box (12) is fixedly installed with a bottom mating flange (114). The central cone head (115) is screwed to the lower end of the bottom mating flange (114).

4. The stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the middle support tool box (11) and the end tool box (12) are provided with grouting ports (15). The end of the branch pipe (112) is screwed into the inner end of the grouting port (15). A metal mesh plate is provided at the outer port of the grouting port (15). The lower side of the end tool box (12) is provided with a slanted conical edge (16).

5. The stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner rotating column (17) is rotatably sleeved with a bearing sleeve (110). The bearing sleeve (110) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the middle support tool box (11) and the end tool box (12). The upper end of the inner rotating column (17) is provided with an internal hexagonal mating groove (18). The lower end of the inner rotating column (17) is fixedly installed with a hexagonal mating plug (19). The upper and lower ends of the rubber tube (111) are provided with screw joints (113).

6. The stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A side support (21) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve (22). The side support (21) is screwed onto the outer wall of the middle bearing tool box (11) and the end tool box (12). The inner sleeve (23) is screwed onto the outer wall of the outer rotating column (14). The outer sleeve (22) is screwed onto the outer side of the combined bearing outer sleeve. Two sets of sealing washers (24) are provided on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (22).

7. The stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splicing outer ring (28) has an oil injection hole (210) on its side wall. The oil injection hole (210) is connected to the inner side of the guide ring groove (213). The inner side of the middle bearing ring (29) is provided with a number of assembly studs (211). The middle bearing ring (29) and the two sets of splicing outer rings (28) are assembled by screwing together the assembly studs (211). The upper outer edge of the assembly studs (211) is evenly provided with elastic anti-loosening plates (212).

8. A stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner card holder (33) has several inner card holders (33) stacked and snapped together on its upper side, and the outer card holder (35) has several outer card holders (35) stacked and snapped together on its upper side. Several inner metal rings (36) and several outer metal rings (37) are stacked and spliced ​​together to form a labyrinth sealing metal structure.

9. A stratum excavation equipment for TRD construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, An inner pressure ring (38) is pressed onto the upper side of the inner card seat (33), and the inner pressure ring (38) is screwed onto the outer wall of the inner sleeve (23). An outer pressure ring (39) is pressed onto the upper side of the outer card seat (35), and the outer pressure ring (39) is screwed onto the upper end of the splicing outer ring (28). An outer arc-shaped rubber ring (310) is fixedly bonded to the upper side of the outer pressure ring (39), and the upper end of the outer arc-shaped rubber ring (310) extends to the inner side of the coupling groove (311).

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