Energy-saving drilling rig with high stability for coal mine

Abstract

The application discloses a high-stability energy-saving drill wagon for coal mines, and relates to the technical field of mine drill wagons, which comprises a base, a driving mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the base, two groups of lower support mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the base, a rock shoveling mechanism is arranged between the two groups of lower support mechanisms, a control box is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the control box, and a hole punching mechanism for punching holes at different angles is arranged on one side of the angle adjusting mechanism. The effect that the shape of the top of the coal mine tunnel is flexibly converted between arc-shaped support and plane support is achieved, the problems that the contact area is small, the local stress is concentrated, the roof rock stratum is crushed, the equipment slips and shakes or even suddenly loses stability under the drilling reaction force due to the fact that the traditional single flat support structure cannot be attached to the arc surface in the arched tunnel are avoided, and the adaptability and operation stability of the drill wagon in the tunnel with different section shapes are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining drilling rig technology, specifically a highly stable energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, drilling rigs, as an important piece of equipment for underground coal mining operations, are widely used in roadway support engineering. Their main function is to drill holes in the roof and sidewalls of coal mine roadways to facilitate the subsequent installation of anchor bolts and cables. Through these anchoring components, loose coal and rock strata can be effectively suspended, combined, and compressed together, thereby forming a stable load-bearing structure and ensuring the safe operation of underground mining.

[0003] Currently, the upper support device commonly installed on drilling rigs mostly uses a single, flat steel plate for the part that directly contacts the tunnel roof. This flat support structure is simple in design and easy to manufacture, and theoretically can provide vertical support for the drilling rig.

[0004] However, in practical applications, the roof of coal mine roadways is not completely flat, but often has semi-circular arches, circular arches, or three-centered arches. When flat plate support plates are used to directly lift and support these arched roofs, a series of serious problems arise. First, the flat plate cannot achieve good area contact with the arched surface, only point or line contact. This not only leads to high local stress concentration in the contact area, which can easily crush the rock strata on the roof surface, but also lacks sufficient friction due to the small contact area. As a result, the drilling rig is prone to shaking, slipping, or even sudden instability when subjected to drilling reaction force during drilling operations. This instability seriously threatens the safety of operators. On the other hand, the shaking of the equipment will directly cause the drilling position to deviate from the design value and the drilling angle to deviate, often requiring additional drilling or re-drilling, resulting in a huge waste of manpower, material resources, and time, and significantly reducing the efficiency and quality of roadway support operations.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design an energy-saving drilling rig that adapts to the shape of the coal mine roadway roof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly stable, energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines, including a base, a drive mechanism on the lower side of the base, two sets of lower support mechanisms on both sides of the base, a stone-shoveling mechanism in the middle of the two sets of lower support mechanisms, a control box fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, an angle adjustment mechanism on one side of the control box, a drilling mechanism for drilling holes at different angles on one side of the angle adjustment mechanism, and an upper support mechanism on one side of the drilling mechanism for switching between arc support and planar support according to the shape of the top of the coal mine roadway.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the drive mechanism includes a chassis fixedly connected to the lower side of the base. The chassis has a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft inside, with both ends of the first and second rotating shafts penetrating the chassis. A rear drive wheel and a front drive wheel are fixedly connected to both ends of the first and second rotating shafts, respectively. Tracks are meshed with the outer sides of the rear drive wheel and the front drive wheel. A battery box is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis. A servo motor is provided on one side of the battery box and is fixedly connected to the chassis. A reducer is provided on one side of the servo motor and is fixedly connected to the chassis. The output end of the servo motor is rotatably connected to the input end of the reducer. The input end of the reducer is fixedly connected to the outer end of the second rotating shaft.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment seat fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, a second motor fixedly connected inside the adjustment seat, a first positioning plate fixedly connected to the upper side of the adjustment seat, a first motor fixedly connected to one side of the first positioning plate, a first connecting plate provided on one side of the first motor, and first connecting plates fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the first connecting plate, one of the first connecting plates being rotatably connected to the adjustment seat, and the other first connecting plate being fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the lower support mechanism includes a mudguard fixedly connected to the lower side of the base. A first fixed plate is fixedly connected to one side of the mudguard. A first rotating plate is rotatably connected to the middle of the first fixed plate. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the other end of the first rotating plate. The output end of the electric push rod passes through the first rotating plate and is fixedly connected to a pressure plate.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the stone-shoveling mechanism includes a fixedly connected second positioning plate fixedly connected to the lower side of the base, a connecting shaft is provided between the two second positioning plates, a third motor is fixedly connected to one side of one of the second positioning plates, the output end of the third motor passes through the second positioning plate and is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, two second connecting plates are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shaft, and a shovel plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting plate.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the drilling mechanism includes a first connecting frame fixedly connected to one side of the turntable, an L-shaped plate fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting frame, a fourth motor fixedly connected to the upper side of the L-shaped plate, a third positioning plate fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor, a fifth motor fixedly connected to the upper side of the third positioning plate, a drilling seat fixedly connected to the output end of the fifth motor, a first hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected inside the drilling seat, a first sliding plate fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder and slidably connected to the drilling seat, a U-shaped plate fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding plate, a second sliding plate fixedly connected to the lower side of the U-shaped plate, a sixth motor fixedly connected inside the second sliding plate, and a clamping plate fixedly connected to the output end of the sixth motor.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the upper support mechanism includes a second connecting frame fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, a second fixed plate fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting frame, a seventh motor fixedly connected to one side of the second fixed plate, and second rotating plates rotatably connected to both sides of the second connecting frame. The output end of the seventh motor passes through the second fixed plate, the second connecting frame, and the second rotating plate, and is fixedly connected to the second rotating plate. An upper support plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the second rotating plate, and a guide rail is fixedly connected to the lower middle of the upper support plate.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the upper support plate has four clearance holes inside, the guide slide has a second slide groove inside, a slider is slidably connected inside the second slide groove, a second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower side of the guide slide, the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider, slide bars are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider, a first slide groove is provided at both ends of the slide bar, a slide column is slidably connected inside the first slide groove, an L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the slide column, a first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the L-shaped connecting rod, the other end of the first rotating rod is rotatably connected to the guide slide, a second connecting rod is provided on the upper side of the L-shaped connecting rod, a second rotating rod is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the guide slide, a connecting column is rotatably connected to the other end of both the second connecting rod and the L-shaped connecting rod, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the other end of each connecting column, an arc plate is fixedly connected to one side of the first connecting rod, and the L-shaped connecting rod and the second connecting rod are not on the same horizontal plane. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. By extending and retracting the second hydraulic cylinder, the slider is driven to slide up and down along the second slide groove. The slider indirectly drives the L-shaped connecting rod to rotate around the first rotating rod and the second connecting rod to rotate synchronously around the second rotating rod through the cooperation of the first slide groove and the sliding column on the sliding bar. The L-shaped connecting rod and the second connecting rod indirectly drive the two arc plates to be pushed up or lowered through the connecting column and the first connecting rod, so that the two arc plates can switch back and forth between the upward convex arc support state and the plane support state that is flush with the upper surface of the upper support plate. This achieves the effect of flexibly switching between arc support and plane support according to the shape of the top of the coal mine roadway. It effectively avoids the problems of small contact area, local stress concentration crushing the roof rock layer, and slippage and swaying or even sudden instability of the equipment caused by the inability of the traditional single flat plate support structure to fit the arc surface in the arched roadway. It significantly improves the adaptability and operational stability of the drilling rig in roadways with different cross-sectional shapes.

[0015] 2. By precisely controlling the extension of the second hydraulic cylinder, the slider is continuously and steplessly slid along the second slide groove to any position within its stroke range. The slider indirectly drives the lifting height and the degree of closeness of the two arc-shaped plates to change continuously through the sliding bar, sliding column and connecting rod transmission system. This causes the curvature of the support arc formed by the combination of the two arc-shaped plates to change synchronously and continuously with the stroke position of the slider. This achieves the effect of precisely adjusting the support arc according to the size of the radius of curvature of the arch at the top of the roadway. When the curvature is large, the second hydraulic cylinder extends to two-thirds of its stroke to make the arc plate form the most curved state. When the curvature is small, the second hydraulic cylinder extends to one-third of its stroke to make the arc plate form the most gentle state. This effectively avoids the problems of point contact or line contact, uneven contact stress distribution, insufficient friction and drilling deviation caused by the mismatch between the support arc and the actual arc of the roof. It also significantly reduces the risk of increased energy consumption and decreased support quality caused by the mismatch of arc. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower support mechanism, angle adjustment mechanism, and stone-shoveling mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the punching mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the upper support mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support mechanism from another angle in this invention; In the picture: 1. Base; 2. Drive mechanism; 21. Chassis; 22. First shaft; 23. Rear drive wheel; 24. Front drive wheel; 25. Second shaft; 26. Track; 27. Reducer; 28. Servo motor; 29. ​​Battery box; 3. Lower support mechanism; 31. Mudguard; 32. First fixed plate; 33. Pressure plate; 34. First rotating plate; 35. Electric push rod; 4. Control box; 5. Angle adjustment mechanism; 51. Turntable; 52. First connecting plate; 53. First positioning plate; 54. First motor; 55. Second motor; 56. Adjustment seat; 6. Upper support mechanism; 61. Second connecting frame; 62. Second rotating plate; 63. Second fixed plate; 64. Seventh motor; 65. Guide slide; 651. Sliding column; 652. Sliding bar; 6521. First slide groove; 653. Second slide groove; 654. First rotating rod; 655. L-shaped connecting rod; 656. Arc plate; 657. First connecting rod; 658. Second connecting rod; 659. Second rotating rod; 66. Upper support plate; 661. Clearance hole; 67. Sliding block; 68. Second hydraulic cylinder; 7. Drilling mechanism; 71. First connecting frame; 72. L-shaped plate; 73. Fourth motor; 74. Third positioning plate; 75. Fifth motor; 76. Drilling seat; 761. First sliding plate; 762. First hydraulic cylinder; 763. U-shaped plate; 764. Sixth motor; 765. Second sliding plate; 766. Clamping plate; 8. Stone-shoveling mechanism; 81. Second positioning plate; 82. Connecting shaft; 83. Shovel plate; 84. Second connecting plate; 85. Third motor. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-8The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines, including a base 1, a drive mechanism 2 on the lower side of the base 1, two sets of lower support mechanisms 3 on both sides of the base 1, a stone-shoveling mechanism 8 in the middle of the two sets of lower support mechanisms 3, a control box 4 fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 1, an angle adjustment mechanism 5 on one side of the control box 4, a drilling mechanism 7 for drilling holes at different angles on one side of the angle adjustment mechanism 5, and an upper support mechanism 6 for switching between arc support and planar support according to the shape of the top of the coal mine roadway on one side of the drilling mechanism 7.

[0019] The specific explanation of the above structure is as follows: the operator can send a signal to the control box 4 via remote control, and the control box 4 will then send a signal to the drilling rig, thereby controlling the drilling rig to perform different movements.

[0020] The drive mechanism 2 includes a chassis 21 fixedly connected to the lower side of the base 1. The chassis 21 has a first rotating shaft 22 and a second rotating shaft 25 respectively inside. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 22 and the second rotating shaft 25 pass through the chassis 21. The rear drive wheel 23 and the front drive wheel 24 are fixedly connected to the ends of the first rotating shaft 22 and the second rotating shaft 25 respectively. Tracks 26 are meshed with the outer sides of the rear drive wheel 23 and the front drive wheel 24. A battery box 29 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis 21. A servo motor 28 is provided on one side of the battery box 29 and is fixedly connected to the chassis 21. A reducer 27 is provided on one side of the servo motor 28 and is fixedly connected to the chassis 21. The output end of the servo motor 28 is rotatably connected to the input end of the reducer 27. The input end of the reducer 27 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the second rotating shaft 25.

[0021] The specific explanation based on the above structure is as follows: The servo motor 28 is used to output the original driving torque. After power-on, the servo motor 28 transmits the high-speed rotational motion of its rotor shaft to the reducer 27. The reducer 27 reduces the high-speed input and increases the output torque to meet the low-speed, high-torque power requirements of the drilling rig for heavy-load travel. The power after reduction and torque amplification is transmitted from the output end of the reducer 27 to the second rotating shaft 25, driving the second rotating shaft 25 to rotate as a whole. The second rotating shaft 25 drives the front drive wheels 24 at both ends to rotate synchronously. The front drive wheels 24 interact with the meshing structure on the inner side of the track 26 through their wheel rim teeth, converting the rotational motion into the cyclic translational motion of the track 26 in the front-to-back direction. During the cyclic rotation of the track 26, its rear end drives the rear drive wheel 23 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the lower straight section of the track 26 contacts the bottom plate of the coal mine, using the pattern or grip structure on the surface of the track 26 to generate driving force, propelling the entire drilling rig forward in the tunnel.

[0022] The lower support mechanism 3 includes a mudguard 31 fixedly connected to the lower side of the base 1. A first fixed plate 32 is fixedly connected to one side of the mudguard 31. A first rotating plate 34 is rotatably connected to the middle of the first fixed plate 32. An electric push rod 35 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the other end of the first rotating plate 34. The output end of the electric push rod 35 passes through the first rotating plate 34 and is fixedly connected to a pressure plate 33.

[0023] The structure described above is explained in detail below. The electric push rod 35 is used to provide the telescopic driving force. When the drilling rig reaches the working position and needs to be fixed, the control system starts the electric push rod 35, and its output end begins to extend outward. Since the housing of the electric push rod 35 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first rotating plate 34, and the first rotating plate 34 is rotatably connected to the first fixed plate 32, the first rotating plate 34 can swing freely around the axis connecting it and the first fixed plate 32. When the output end of the electric push rod 35 extends, it directly drives the pressure plate 33 fixedly connected to its end to move downward. The pressure plate 33 continues to move downward until it contacts and presses against the surface of the coal mine floor. The area of ​​the bottom of the pressure plate 33 is used to transfer part of the weight of the drilling rig and the thrust of the electric push rod 35 to the floor, thereby providing vertical auxiliary support for the drilling rig and preventing the whole machine from shaking or displacing due to drilling reaction force during drilling operations.

[0024] Since the first rotating plate 34 can rotate freely relative to the first fixed plate 32, when the surface of the base plate is uneven or has a slope, after the pressure plate 33 contacts the ground, the electric push rod 35 and the first rotating plate 34 swing to adjust the angle so that the pressure plate 33 always fits the base plate with the maximum area, ensuring that each pressure plate can effectively touch the ground and provide stable support.

[0025] When drilling is completed and the drilling rig needs to be moved, the electric push rod 35 reverses its direction, retracting its output end. This causes the pressure plate 33 to lift upwards and detach from the base plate surface, releasing the support and allowing the drilling rig to regain its freedom of movement. The drive mechanism 2 then moves it to the next work station. The stone-shoveling mechanism 8 includes a fixedly connected second positioning plate 81 fixedly connected to the lower side of the base 1. A connecting shaft 82 is provided between the two second positioning plates 81. A third motor 85 is fixedly connected to one side of one of the second positioning plates 81. The output end of the third motor 85 passes through the second positioning plate 81 and is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 82. Two second connecting plates 84 are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shaft 82. A shovel plate 83 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting plate 84.

[0026] The specific description of the above structure is as follows: The third motor 85 is used to output driving torque. When the drilling rig needs to clean the bottom plate of gravel or assist in stabilization, the third motor 85 is started and its output end begins to rotate. The third motor 85 directly drives the connecting shaft 82 to rotate as a whole between the second positioning plates 81. The connecting shaft 82 drives the second connecting plate 84 to swing synchronously. The second connecting plate 84 drives the shovel plate 83 to make an arc swinging motion with the connecting shaft 82 as the rotation center.

[0027] When the third motor 85 drives in the forward direction, the connecting shaft 82 drives the second connecting plate 84 to swing downward, pushing the shovel plate 83 to gradually descend until it contacts the bottom plate, and continues to press down into the bottom plate surface. After the shovel plate 83 is inserted into the bottom plate, on the one hand, the shovel blade at the front end of the shovel plate 83 pushes the gravel piled in front of the drilling rig to the sides or forward, clearing a flat working channel. On the other hand, after the shovel plate 83 presses the bottom plate, it provides an additional auxiliary support point for the drilling rig, working in conjunction with the four sets of lower support mechanisms 3 to share the overturning moment generated during drilling, further improving the anti-shaking ability of the whole machine.

[0028] When drilling is completed and the drilling rig needs to be moved, the third motor 85 rotates in the opposite direction, the connecting shaft 82 drives the second connecting plate 84 to swing upward, and the shovel plate 83 is lifted and detached from the bottom plate surface, returning to the initial retracted position, avoiding interference with ground obstacles during movement, and ensuring that the drilling rig can smoothly pass through the uneven roadway floor.

[0029] The angle adjustment mechanism 5 includes an adjustment seat 56 fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 1. A second motor 55 is fixedly connected inside the adjustment seat 56. A first positioning plate 53 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the adjustment seat 56. A first motor 54 is fixedly connected to one side of the first positioning plate 53. A first connecting plate 52 is provided on one side of the first motor 54. First connecting plates 52 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the first connecting plate 52. One of the first connecting plates 52 is rotatably connected to the adjustment seat 56, and the other first connecting plate 52 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 54.

[0030] The punching mechanism 7 includes a first connecting frame 71 fixedly connected to one side of the turntable 51. An L-shaped plate 72 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting frame 71. A fourth motor 73 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the L-shaped plate 72. A third positioning plate 74 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor 73. A fifth motor 75 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the third positioning plate 74. A punching seat 76 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fifth motor 75. A first hydraulic cylinder 762 is fixedly connected inside the punching seat 76. A first sliding plate 761 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 762, and the first sliding plate 761 is slidably connected to the punching seat 76. A U-shaped plate 763 is fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding plate 761. A second sliding plate 765 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the U-shaped plate 763. A sixth motor 764 is fixedly connected inside the second sliding plate 765. A clamping plate 766 is fixedly connected to the output end of the sixth motor 764.

[0031] The specific description of the above structure is as follows: After the first motor 54 is started, its output end drives the first connecting plate 52 to rotate. Through the linkage of the upper and lower first connecting plates 52, the turntable 51 and the entire drilling mechanism 7 swing around the horizontal axis, thereby making the drilling mechanism 7 move closer to or away from both sides of the coal mine roadway.

[0032] After the fourth motor 73 starts, its output rotates and drives the third positioning plate 74 to rotate. The fifth motor 75 and its connected drilling seat 76 rotate synchronously, realizing the initial adjustment of the pointing angle of the drilling seat 76. After the fifth motor 75 starts, its output directly drives the drilling seat 76 to rotate around its own axis, further precisely adjusting the pointing angle of the drill rod. Through the two-stage adjustment of the fourth motor 73 and the fifth motor 75, the final pointing of the drilling seat 76 is precisely locked to the target drilling direction, realizing the spatial angular positioning of the drilling seat 76 in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0033] After the first hydraulic cylinder 762 is started, its output end retracts and pushes the first sliding plate 761 to slide linearly along the drilling seat 76, driving the drill rod to continuously feed in the direction of the hole to be drilled. After the sixth motor 764 is started, its output end rotates and drives the clamping plate 766 to rotate at high speed. The clamping plate 766 drives the clamped drill rod to rotate synchronously. The rotational motion is combined with the linear feed motion. The drill rod continues to advance forward while rotating and cutting coal and rock. Finally, a hole of the designed depth and diameter is drilled in the roof or sidewall of the roadway. After the drilling is completed, the first hydraulic cylinder 762 moves in the opposite direction. Its output end extends and pulls the first sliding plate 761 to slide backward, driving the drill rod to withdraw from the hole, completing a complete drilling cycle.

[0034] The upper support mechanism 6 includes a second connecting frame 61 fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 55. The other end of the second connecting frame 61 is fixedly connected to a second fixed plate 63. A seventh motor 64 is fixedly connected to one side of the second fixed plate 63. A second rotating plate 62 is rotatably connected to both sides of the second connecting frame 61. The output end of the seventh motor 64 passes through the second fixed plate 63, the second connecting frame 61, and the second rotating plate 62. The output end of the seventh motor 64 is fixedly connected to the second rotating plate 62. An upper support plate 66 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the second rotating plate 62. A guide slide 65 is fixedly connected to the lower middle of the upper support plate 66.

[0035] The upper support plate 66 has four clearance holes 661 inside. The guide slide 65 has a second slide groove 653 inside. A slider 67 is slidably connected inside the second slide groove 653. A second hydraulic cylinder 68 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the guide slide 65. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 68 is fixedly connected to the slider 67. Slide bars 652 are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider 67. Both ends of the slide bars 652 have first slide grooves 6521. A slide column 651 is slidably connected inside the first slide groove 6521. An L-shaped connecting rod 655 is fixedly connected to the other end of the slide column 651. The middle of the L-shaped connecting rod 655 is fixedly connected to the middle of the L-shaped connecting rod 655. A first rotating rod 654 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the first rotating rod 654 is rotatably connected to the guide slide 65. A second connecting rod 658 is provided on the upper side of the L-shaped connecting rod 655. A second rotating rod 659 is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod 658, and the other end of the second rotating rod 659 is rotatably connected to the guide slide 65. A connecting column is rotatably connected to the other end of both the second connecting rod 658 and the L-shaped connecting rod 655. A first connecting rod 657 is fixedly connected to the other end of each connecting column. An arc plate 656 is fixedly connected to one side of the first connecting rod 657. The L-shaped connecting rod 655 and the second connecting rod 658 are not on the same horizontal plane.

[0036] The specific description of the above structure is as follows: The upper support mechanism 6 is used to switch between arc-shaped support and flat support according to the shape of the top of the coal mine roadway, and to provide stable upper support force for the drilling rig. When flat support is required, the output end of the second motor 55 drives the second connecting frame 61 to rotate around the output end of the second motor 55 as the axis, so that the entire upper support mechanism 6 moves upward and gradually approaches the top of the coal mine roadway. After the seventh motor 64 is started, its output end drives the second rotating plate 62 to rotate around the horizontal axis. The second rotating plate 62 drives the upper support plate 66 and the guide slide fixed to its lower side. The upper support plate 66 is rotated as a whole. When the upper support plate 66 is rotated to a horizontal position, the upper surface of the upper support plate 66 faces upward, ready to contact the tunnel roof and provide support. When drilling is not required, the output end of the second motor 55 drives the second connecting frame 61 to rotate around the output end of the second motor 55 as the axis, so that the entire upper support mechanism 6 moves downward and returns to its original position. Driven by the seventh motor 64, the upper support plate 66 can flexibly switch between the working state and the retracted state, which not only ensures the rapid positioning of the upper support during drilling operations, but also meets the requirements of space compactness when the drilling rig is moved.

[0037] The second hydraulic cylinder 68 is used to drive the two arc-shaped plates 656 to switch between a flat state and an arc-shaped state. When the second hydraulic cylinder 68 is in the retracted state, its output end pulls the slider 67 to slide along the second slide groove 653 to the lowest end of the guide slide frame 65. The slider 67 drives the slide bars 652 on both sides to move down synchronously. The first slide groove 6521 on the slide bar 652 forces the slide column 651 to slide inward along the first slide groove 6521. The slide column 651 drives the L-shaped connecting rod 655 to rotate downward around the first rotating rod 654. At the same time, the second connecting rod 658 rotates down synchronously around the second rotating rod 659. The L-shaped connecting rod 655 and the second connecting rod 658 drive the two arc-shaped plates 656 to fall down through the connecting column and the first connecting rod 657, so that the upper surface of the two arc-shaped plates 656 is flush with the upper surface of the upper support plate 66, which is suitable for surface contact support in flat-top tunnels.

[0038] When the top of the tunnel is arched, the second hydraulic cylinder 68 is activated and extended. Its output end pushes the slider 67 to slide upward along the second slide groove 653. The slider 67 drives the slide bar 652 to rise synchronously. The first slide groove 6521 forces the slide column 651 to slide outward along the first slide groove 6521. The slide column 651 pulls the L-shaped connecting rod 655 to rotate upward around the first rotating rod 654. At the same time, the second connecting rod 658 rotates upward around the second rotating rod 659. The L-shaped connecting rod 655 and the second connecting rod 658 lift the two arc plates 656 upward through the connecting column and the first connecting rod 657, and bring the two arc plates 656 closer to the middle to form an upwardly convex continuous arc-shaped assembly. The arc plates 656 pass through the avoidance hole 661 on the upper support plate 66 and extend above the upper support plate 66 to achieve a large-area arc surface fit with the arched top plate.

[0039] The arch curvature of different coal mine roadways varies. The specific shape depends on various factors such as the geological conditions of the surrounding rock through which the roadway passes, the magnitude of the ground pressure, the purpose of the roadway, and the ratio of the width to the height of the cross-section. Roadways with fractured surrounding rock and high ground pressure need to use semi-circular arches with a smaller radius of curvature to enhance their load-bearing capacity, while roadways with stable surrounding rock and low ground pressure can choose gentle circular arches or three-centered arches with a larger radius of curvature to improve the utilization rate of the cross-section. Moreover, even if the arch type is the same, the radius of curvature will be completely different for different cross-sectional dimensions.

[0040] Therefore, when the top of the tunnel is an arch with a large curvature (a more curved arc), such as a narrow and high semi-circular arch or a circular arc arch with a small radius of curvature, the control system controls the second hydraulic cylinder 68 to extend. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 68 pushes the slider 67 to slide upward along the second slide groove 653 for two-thirds of its stroke. The slider 67 drives the two side slide bars 652 to rise synchronously to a position close to the top of the guide slide frame 65. During this process, the first slide groove 6521 on the slide bar 652 moves upward as the slide bar 652 rises, forcing the slide column 651 to slide a longer distance outward along the first slide groove 6521. The slide column 651 pulls the L-shaped connecting rod 655 to rotate upward around the first rotating rod 654 by a large angle. At the same time, the second connecting rod 658 also rotates upward around the second rotating rod 659 by a large angle. The L-shaped connecting rod 655 and the second connecting rod 658 lift the two arc plates 656 upward significantly through the connecting column and the first connecting rod 657, and bring the two arc plates 656 close to each other to a position close to the middle. At this time, the arc formed by the combination of the two arc plates 656 reaches the most curved state, and the arc surface protrusion height is the largest, which can achieve a tight fit with the semi-circular arched top plate with a small radius of curvature.

[0041] When the top of the tunnel is an arch with a small curvature (gentle arc), such as a wide and low cross-section large radius of curvature circular arch or a gentle section at the top of a three-center arch, the control system controls the extension of the second hydraulic cylinder 68. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 68 pushes the slider 67 to slide upward along the second slide groove 653 by one-third of its stroke. The slider 67 drives the slide bar 652 to rise synchronously to the lower middle position of the guide frame 65. The first slide groove 6521 on the slide bar 652 moves upward a short distance as the slide bar 652 rises, forcing the slide column 651 to slide outward a short distance along the first slide groove 6521. The slide column 651 pulls the L-shaped connecting rod 655 to rotate upward around the first rotating rod 654 by a small angle. At the same time, the second connecting rod 658 also rotates upward around the second rotating rod 659 by a small angle. The two curved plates 656 are lifted upwards and brought slightly closer together, forming a relatively gentle arc with a low convex height, which allows them to fit closely to the gently arched top plate with a large radius of curvature.

[0042] When the second hydraulic cylinder 68 maintains pressure to lock the slider 67 in the current position, the arc plate 656 maintains its convex shape and fits tightly against the arched top plate, providing stable upper support for the drilling rig. When the drilling operation is completed and the site needs to be moved, the second hydraulic cylinder 68 reverses its action, its output end retracts and pulls the slider 67 downward, causing the L-shaped connecting rod 655 and the second connecting rod 658 to rotate downward. The two arc plates 656 then fall back and pass through the clearance hole 661 to return to below the upper support plate 66, restoring to the initial plane state.

[0043] All power for this equipment is supplied by renewable electricity, eliminating the need for other energy sources and achieving energy-saving effects.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-stability, energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a drive mechanism (2) on its lower side. The base (1) is provided with two sets of lower support mechanisms (3) on both sides. The two sets of lower support mechanisms (3) are provided with a stone-shoveling mechanism (8) in the middle. The base (1) is fixedly connected with a control box (4). The control box (4) is provided with an angle adjustment mechanism (5) on one side. The angle adjustment mechanism (5) is provided with a drilling mechanism (7) for drilling holes at different angles on one side. The drilling mechanism (7) is provided with an upper support mechanism (6) for switching between arc support and planar support according to the shape of the top of the coal mine roadway. The angle adjustment mechanism (5) includes an adjustment seat (56) fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (1). A second motor (55) is fixedly connected inside the adjustment seat (56). A first positioning plate (53) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the adjustment seat (56). A first motor (54) is fixedly connected to one side of the first positioning plate (53). A first connecting plate (52) is provided on one side of the first motor (54). A first connecting plate (52) is fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the first connecting plate (52). One of the first connecting plates (52) is rotatably connected to the adjustment seat (56), and the other first connecting plate (52) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (54).

2. The high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (2) includes a chassis (21) fixedly connected to the lower side of the base (1). The chassis (21) is provided with a first rotating shaft (22) and a second rotating shaft (25). Both ends of the first rotating shaft (22) and the second rotating shaft (25) pass through the chassis (21). The rear drive wheel (23) and the front drive wheel (24) are fixedly connected to the two ends of the first rotating shaft (22) and the second rotating shaft (25), respectively. Tracks (26) are meshed with the outer sides of the rear drive wheel (23) and the front drive wheel (24).

3. The high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that, A battery box (29) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis (21). A servo motor (28) is provided on one side of the battery box (29) and the servo motor (28) is fixedly connected to the chassis (21). A reducer (27) is provided on one side of the servo motor (28) and the reducer (27) is fixedly connected to the chassis (21). The output end of the servo motor (28) is rotatably connected to the input end of the reducer (27). The input end of the reducer (27) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the second rotating shaft (25).

4. The high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower support mechanism (3) includes a mudguard (31) fixedly connected to the lower side of the base (1). A first fixed plate (32) is fixedly connected to one side of the mudguard (31). A first rotating plate (34) is rotatably connected to the middle of the first fixed plate (32). An electric push rod (35) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the other end of the first rotating plate (34). The output end of the electric push rod (35) passes through the first rotating plate (34) and is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (33).

5. The high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stone-shoveling mechanism (8) includes a fixedly connected second positioning plate (81) fixedly connected to the lower side of the base (1). A connecting shaft (82) is provided between the two second positioning plates (81). A third motor (85) is fixedly connected to one side of one of the second positioning plates (81). The output end of the third motor (85) passes through the second positioning plate (81) and is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (82). Two second connecting plates (84) are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting shaft (82). A shovel plate (83) is fixedly connected to the other end of the second connecting plate (84).

6. The high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling mechanism (7) includes a first connecting frame (71) fixedly connected to one side of the turntable (51), an L-shaped plate (72) fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting frame (71), a fourth motor (73) fixedly connected to the upper side of the L-shaped plate (72), a third positioning plate (74) fixedly connected to the output end of the fourth motor (73), a fifth motor (75) fixedly connected to the upper side of the third positioning plate (74), a drilling seat (76) fixedly connected to the output end of the fifth motor (75), and a first hydraulic cylinder (762) fixedly connected inside the drilling seat (76).

7. A high-stability, energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (762) is fixedly connected to a first sliding plate (761), and the first sliding plate (761) is slidably connected to a punching seat (76). A U-shaped plate (763) is fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding plate (761), and a second sliding plate (765) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the U-shaped plate (763). A sixth motor (764) is fixedly connected inside the second sliding plate (765), and a clamping plate (766) is fixedly connected to the output end of the sixth motor (764).

8. The high-stability energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper support mechanism (6) includes a second connecting frame (61) fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (55). The other end of the second connecting frame (61) is fixedly connected to a second fixed plate (63). A seventh motor (64) is fixedly connected to one side of the second fixed plate (63). A second rotating plate (62) is rotatably connected to both sides of the second connecting frame (61). The output end of the seventh motor (64) passes through the second fixed plate (63), the second connecting frame (61), and the second rotating plate (62). The output end of the seventh motor (64) is fixedly connected to the second rotating plate (62). An upper support plate (66) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the second rotating plate (62). A guide slide (65) is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower side of the upper support plate (66).

9. A high-stability, energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper support plate (66) has four clearance holes (661) inside. The guide slide (65) has a second slide groove (653) inside. A slider (67) is slidably connected inside the second slide groove (653). A second hydraulic cylinder (68) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the guide slide (65). The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (68) is fixedly connected to the slider (67). Slide bars (652) are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider (67). A first slide groove (6521) is provided at both ends of the slide bar (652). A slide column (651) is slidably connected inside the first slide groove (6521).

10. A high-stability, energy-saving drilling rig for coal mines according to claim 9, characterized in that, The other end of the sliding column (651) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped connecting rod (655). The middle of the L-shaped connecting rod (655) is fixedly connected to a first rotating rod (654). The other end of the first rotating rod (654) is rotatably connected to the guide slide (65). A second connecting rod (658) is provided on the upper side of the L-shaped connecting rod (655). One end of the second connecting rod (658) is fixedly connected to a second rotating rod (659). The other end of the second rotating rod (659) is rotatably connected to the guide slide (65). The other ends of the second connecting rod (658) and the L-shaped connecting rod (655) are rotatably connected to a connecting column. The other end of the connecting column is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod (657). An arc plate (656) is fixedly connected to one side of the first connecting rod (657). The L-shaped connecting rod (655) and the second connecting rod (658) are not on the same horizontal plane.

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