Modular terrain adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of geological drilling equipment, and discloses a modularized terrain self-adaptive directional drilling machine for geological drilling, which comprises a main machine, a drill bit arranged at the front end of the main machine, a directional assembly arranged at the rear end of the drill bit, a connecting rod arranged at the rear end of the directional assembly, the connecting rod being connected with the main machine through a drill rod, a driving assembly arranged in the directional assembly, a trigger assembly arranged at the top end of the driving assembly, a self-adaptive limiting rod arranged at the inner end of the directional assembly, and the directional assembly comprising a communication rod, which supports the complex geological well wall by arranging an arc-shaped push plate matched with a wedge-shaped ridge piece, the arc-shaped design of the outer wall of the push plate can be self-adapted to the complex geological well wall with concave-convex undulations, soft and hard unevenness underground, the wedge-shaped ridge piece can be embedded into the rock layer gap and the soft soil layer to form multi-point occlusion anchoring, compared with the traditional simple pushing and direction adjusting mode, the posture can be reliably locked after the drill bit is directionally adjusted, and the problems of deviation and deflection of the drill bit caused by the reaction force of the stratum during the drilling process can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological drilling equipment technology, specifically a modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In mining and shale gas development, directional drilling rigs are a core component of shale gas extraction equipment. Their directional accuracy, attitude stability, and ease of maintenance directly determine exploration and extraction efficiency and equipment operation and maintenance costs. They are key to solving drilling challenges in complex terrain. Existing directional drilling rigs mainly consist of a main unit, drill bit, drill rod, directional adjustment mechanism, and drive components. Their working principle involves the main unit driving the drill rod to propel the drill bit forward, and the directional adjustment mechanism adjusting the drill bit's attitude to achieve drilling in a specified direction, thereby completing operations such as mineral strata exploration and shale gas reservoir drilling. Most existing directional drilling rigs use rigid jacking structures for their directional adjustment mechanisms, but these lack adaptive buffering and... In situations involving uneven formations of soft and hard materials, such as those encountered in mining exploration and shale gas reservoir drilling, the drill bit's attitude cannot be stably locked after directional adjustment. When the drill bit changes direction, gaps may form between the drill bit and the wellbore, making it susceptible to deflection due to formation reaction forces. This negatively impacts the straightness and directional accuracy of drilling in mining exploration and shale gas reservoirs. Furthermore, the lack of effective buffering structures during straight drilling makes the drill bit vulnerable to vibrations caused by rock impacts, which can also affect its drilling attitude. If the drill bit deviates from its drilling direction, it cannot follow the preset trajectory, thus hindering drilling operations in mining exploration and shale gas reservoirs.

[0003] Existing patent 1: Application number CN202410832516.6, provides a horizontal directional drilling rig for deep foundation pits. This scheme includes a support base, in which a guide pipe is placed. The guide pipe is rotatably connected to a sleeve, and a water pump is installed in the guide pipe. The continuity of all nozzles is monitored by a sensing mechanism and a liquid flow rate monitor. When some nozzles are blocked, the flow control mechanism controls the connection and disconnection between the nozzle and the central pipe, thereby clearing the nozzles while controlling the continuous outward delivery of water. This scheme mainly controls the jet flow. When drilling for mining strata exploration or shale gas reservoirs, it does not have the ability to adjust and orient the drilling direction. Moreover, it is easily affected by the reaction force of the strata and deviates, which is not conducive to stabilizing the drilling posture.

[0004] Existing patent 2: Application number CN202011100087.1 provides a guide drill rod for a horizontal directional drilling rig and its construction method. This solution includes a reversing plate, which is fixed to the side of the drill bit. The thickness of its left end is greater than that of its right end. The drilling direction of the drill bit can be changed by pushing the drill bit to the right without rotating the drill bit. However, the drilling direction change method of this solution is a rigid jacking structure. In mining strata exploration and shale gas reservoir drilling, there is a lack of effective buffer auxiliary structure. During drilling, it is easily affected by the vibration generated by the impact of rock strata, which may affect the drilling posture of the drill bit and cause the drilling direction of the drill bit to deviate.

[0005] In summary, both existing patent 1 and existing patent 2 suffer from unstable drill bit orientation, which affects geological exploration and shale gas reservoir drilling. Therefore, there is a need for a modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling, comprising a main unit, a drill bit at the front end of the main unit, a directional component at the rear end of the drill bit, a connecting rod at the rear end of the directional component, the connecting rod being connected to the main unit via a drill rod, a drive component inside the directional component, a trigger component at the top end of the drive component, an adaptive limiting rod at the inner end of the directional component, and a connecting rod, the front end of which is connected to the drill bit via a flange. The rear end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod via a flange. The upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, and the lower end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a protective shell. The top of the protective shell is fixedly connected to four pairs of uprights that are fixedly connected to the fixed plate. The four pairs of uprights are arranged symmetrically in a circle. Each pair of uprights is slidably connected to a lifting block. The outer end of the lifting block is provided with a connecting rod. Both the inner and outer ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to connecting blocks. One of the connecting blocks is fixedly connected to the lifting block, and the outer end of the other connecting block is fixedly connected to a push plate. The outer end of the push plate is fixedly connected to multiple ridge plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the triggering component includes a transmission ring, which is fixedly installed on the top of the protective shell. The bottom end of the transmission ring extends into the interior of the protective shell and is fixedly connected to a sliding ring. The sliding ring is slidably connected to the protective shell. A support block is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission ring, and a pressure block is fixedly connected to the top of the support block. The pressure block is adapted to the lifting block.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a servo motor and a driven gear. The servo motor is fixedly installed inside the protective housing, and a transmission gear is fixedly connected to the transmission end of the servo motor. The driven gear is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the transmission ring, and the transmission gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the adaptive limiting rod includes multiple outer sleeves, each corresponding to a push plate. The outer sleeves are fixedly installed on the inner end of the push plate. An inner cylinder is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve. The inner cylinder passes through the end of the outer sleeve away from the push plate and is fixedly connected to a fixed plate. A spring connected to the inner cylinder is provided inside the outer sleeve. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the fixed disk is provided with a groove for fixed connection with the inner cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the interior of the protective shell is provided with a sliding groove that is slidably connected to the sliding ring.

[0013] Furthermore, both the upper and lower ends of the lifting block are sloped. One end of the lifting block has a groove that slides with the upright, and the other end of the lifting block has a limiting groove that matches the upright. Both the limiting groove and the groove are located at the end of the lifting block closer to the connecting rod, and the end of the lifting block away from the connecting rod matches the pressure block.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure block is set at an angle.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the push plate is arc-shaped, and the inner wall of the push plate is provided with a connecting groove for connecting with the connecting block. Both the upper and lower ends of the connecting groove are provided with mounting grooves for fixed connection with the outer sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the ridge plate is wedge-shaped.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention features an arc-shaped pusher plate combined with a wedge-shaped ridge to support the complex geological well wall. The arc-shaped design of the outer wall of the pusher plate can adaptively conform to the uneven and soft geological well wall. The wedge-shaped ridge can embed into the rock strata and soft soil strata to form multi-point interlocking anchoring. Compared with the traditional simple push-to-adjustment method, it can reliably lock the attitude after the drill bit is oriented and adjusted, avoiding the problem of the drill bit deviating or tilting due to the reaction force of the strata during drilling. This is beneficial to the straightness and directional accuracy of deep hole drilling. At the same time, it can be adapted to drilling operations in complex terrains such as fractured strata and interlayered strata. In addition, the pusher plate is arranged in a circumferentially symmetrical manner to achieve multi-angle directional adjustment, meeting the multi-directional turning operation needs of the drill bit in complex terrains.

[0018] 2. This invention uses an adaptive limit rod elastic buffer structure composed of an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, and a built-in spring. It provides flexible damping buffer during the push plate top support adjustment and retraction reset process. With the linkage of the inclined pressure block and the slope-type lifting block, it can form controllable micro-amplitude adaptive vibration under straight drilling conditions. This can not only offset the vibration load generated by the rock impact during drill bit drilling, and reduce the fatigue wear of drill rod, flange and various transmission components, but also use micro-vibration to help break loose rock and soil and clear rock cuttings in the hole. At the same time, the flexible support method can facilitate the automatic change of the top support posture when the drill bit changes direction during top support, and prevent the drill bit from changing direction and causing the push plate to form a gap with the well wall, which would lead to the instability of the drill bit orientation.

[0019] 3. The directional assembly of this invention adopts a modular docking structure with front and rear flanges, which can be independently integrated and assembled between the drill bit and the connecting rod without affecting the overall operation of the drilling host and drill rod. It enables quick disassembly and assembly, individual maintenance and module replacement. If the drill bit is damaged, the drill bit can be disassembled for maintenance or replacement, reducing replacement costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the directional component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the orientation component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the triggering component of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure block of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting block of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the adaptive limiting rod of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Main unit; 2. Drill bit; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Orientation component; 5. Drive component; 6. Trigger component; 7. Adaptive limit rod; 401. Connecting rod; 402. Fixed plate; 403. Protective shell; 404. Vertical pole; 405. Lifting block; 406. Connecting block; 407. Connecting rod; 408. Push plate; 409. Ridge plate; 501. Servo motor; 502. Transmission gear; 503. Driven gear; 601. Transmission ring; 602. Sliding ring; 603. Support block; 604. Pressure block; 701. Outer sleeve; 702. Inner cylinder; 703. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling, including a main unit 1. A drill bit 2 is disposed at the front end of the main unit 1, and a directional component 4 is disposed at the rear end of the drill bit 2. A connecting rod 3 is disposed at the rear end of the directional component 4. The connecting rod 3 is connected to the main unit 1 via a drill rod. A drive component 5 is disposed inside the directional component 4, and a trigger component 6 is disposed at the top of the drive component 5. An adaptive limiting rod 7 is disposed at the inner end of the directional component 4. The directional component 4 includes a connecting rod 401. The front end of the connecting rod 401 is connected to the drill bit 2 via a flange, and the rear end of the connecting rod 401 is connected to the connecting rod 3 via a flange. A fixed plate 402 is fixedly connected to the upper end, a protective shell 403 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed plate 402, and four pairs of uprights 404 fixedly connected to the fixed plate 402 are fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell 403. The four pairs of uprights 404 are arranged symmetrically in a circle. A lifting block 405 is slidably connected to the outside of each pair of uprights 404. A connecting rod 407 is provided at the outer end of the lifting block 405. Both the inner and outer ends of the connecting rod 407 are rotatably connected to a connecting block 406. One connecting block 406 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 405, and a push plate 408 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the other connecting block 406. Multiple ridge pieces 409 are fixedly connected to the outer end of the push plate 408.

[0024] The directional assembly 4 is modularly connected to the drill bit 2 and the connecting rod 3 via flanges at the front and rear ends of the connecting rod 401, facilitating disassembly and maintenance. The fixed plate 402 provides an installation carrier for the upright rod 404 and the adaptive limit rod 7. The protective shell 403 protects the internal drive assembly 5, preventing rock cuttings and mud from entering the drive assembly 5 during drilling and affecting its operation. Four pairs of circumferentially symmetrical upright rods 404 provide sliding support for the lifting block 405. The lifting block 405 drives the connecting rod 407 to move through the connecting block 406, which in turn pushes the push plate 408 to extend and retract. The wedge-shaped ridge 409 at the outer end of the push plate 408 can enhance the biting ability with the well wall and realize the directional locking of the drill bit 2.

[0025] The triggering component 6 includes a transmission ring 601, which is fixedly installed on the top of the protective shell 403. The bottom end of the transmission ring 601 extends into the interior of the protective shell 403 and is fixedly connected to a sliding ring 602. The sliding ring 602 is slidably connected to the protective shell 403. A support block 603 is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission ring 601. A pressure block 604 is fixedly connected to the top of the support block 603. The pressure block 604 is adapted to the lifting block 405.

[0026] The sliding ring 602 cooperates with the protective shell 403 to achieve smooth rotation of the transmission ring 601. The support block 603 is used to fix the pressure block 604 and ensure the installation stability of the pressure block 604. The pressure block 604 is adapted to the lifting block 405. When the transmission ring 601 drives the pressure block 604 to rotate, the pressure block 604 can generate a pushing or pressing force on the lifting block 405, thereby triggering the lifting block 405 to slide up and down along the upright 404, realizing the extension and retraction of the push plate 408.

[0027] The drive assembly 5 includes a servo motor 501 and a driven gear 503. The servo motor 501 is fixedly installed inside the protective shell 403. The transmission end of the servo motor 501 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 502. The driven gear 503 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the transmission ring 601. The transmission gear 502 meshes with the driven gear 503.

[0028] Power is provided by servo motor 501, which drives transmission gear 502 to rotate. Transmission gear 502 meshes with driven gear 503, thereby driving transmission ring 601 to rotate, realizing power transmission of trigger component 6. Servo motor 501 can realize forward and reverse rotation control, thereby driving pressure block 604 to rotate in the forward or reverse direction, realizing the pushing and retracting action of push plate 408 respectively. Moreover, the speed of servo motor 501 is adjustable, which can control the extension and retraction speed and pushing force of push plate 408, adapting to drilling needs under different geological conditions.

[0029] The adaptive limit rod 7 includes multiple outer sleeves 701, each corresponding to a push plate 408. The outer sleeves 701 are fixedly installed on the inner end of the push plate 408. An inner sleeve 702 is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve 701. The inner sleeve 702 passes through the end of the outer sleeve 701 away from the push plate 408 and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 402. A spring 703 connected to the inner sleeve 702 is provided inside the outer sleeve 701. One end of the spring 703 is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve 702, and the other end of the spring 703 is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 701.

[0030] The sliding engagement between the outer sleeve 701 and the inner sleeve 702 enables the extension and retraction of the push plate 408. The spring 703 provides flexible buffering force. When the push plate 408 supports the well wall, the spring 703 can extend and retract according to the reaction force of the well wall to achieve adaptive buffering and avoid damage to the push plate 408 or the well wall caused by rigid support. At the same time, during straight drilling, the elastic effect of the spring 703 can cooperate with the slight sway of the push plate 408 to form a controllable micro-vibration, which can offset the vibration load generated by the rock impact and reduce the impact of the rock impact on the drilling direction of the drill bit 2 to a certain extent.

[0031] The outer wall of the fixed plate 402 is provided with a groove that is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 702.

[0032] The groove allows for precise positioning of the inner cylinder 702 and the fixed plate 402, facilitating the installation and fixation of the inner cylinder 702. It also enhances the connection strength between the inner cylinder 702 and the fixed plate 402, preventing the inner cylinder 702 from loosening or shifting during stress, and ensuring the stable operation of the buffering and limiting functions of the adaptive limit rod 7.

[0033] The protective shell 403 has a groove inside that is slidably connected to the sliding ring 602.

[0034] The sliding groove provides a stable sliding trajectory for the sliding ring 602, restricts the radial displacement of the sliding ring 602, ensures that the transmission ring 601 drives the pressure block 604 to rotate smoothly, avoids misalignment between the pressure block 604 and the lifting block 405, and ensures the reliability of the linkage between the trigger component 6 and the orientation component 4.

[0035] The lifting block 405 has sloping ends at both ends. One end of the lifting block 405 has a groove that slides with the upright 404, and the other end of the lifting block 405 has a limiting groove that matches the upright 404. Both the limiting groove and the groove are located at the end of the lifting block 405 that is close to the connecting rod 407, and the end of the lifting block 405 that is away from the connecting rod 407 matches the pressure block 604.

[0036] The lifting block 405 is slidably connected to the upright 404 through the groove at one end, so that the lifting block 405 can slide up and down along the upright 404. The limiting groove further limits the lifting block 405 to prevent it from shaking or falling off during the sliding process. The slopes at the upper and lower ends of the lifting block 405 are matched with the tilt angle of the pressure block 604 to ensure that the pressure block 604 can fully contact the slope surface of the lifting block 405 when it rotates, so as to smoothly convert the rotational motion into the up and down linear motion of the lifting block 405, improve the power transmission efficiency, and avoid jamming.

[0037] The pressure block 604 is set at an angle.

[0038] By tilting the pressure block 604, it can precisely fit against the slope of the lifting block 405. When the transmission ring 601 drives the pressure block 604 to rotate, the pressure block 604 can exert a force perpendicular to the slope on the lifting block 405, ensuring that the lifting block 405 only makes vertical linear movements, thus achieving smooth extension and retraction of the push plate 408.

[0039] The outer wall of the push plate 408 is arc-shaped, and the inner wall of the push plate 408 is provided with a connecting groove for connecting the connecting block 406. Both the upper and lower ends of the connecting groove are provided with mounting grooves for fixed connection with the outer sleeve 701.

[0040] The arc-shaped design of the outer wall of the push plate 408 enables it to adaptively conform to the uneven and soft well walls, increasing the contact area and fit between the push plate 408 and the well wall, and enhancing the stability of the top support. The connecting groove is used to realize the rotational connection between the connecting block 406 and the push plate 408, allowing the connecting rod 407 to flexibly drive the push plate 408 to extend and retract. The mounting groove is used to securely fix the outer sleeve 701 to the push plate 408, ensuring that the adaptive limit rod 7 moves synchronously with the push plate 408, and realizing the buffering and limiting functions.

[0041] Among them, the ridge plate 409 is wedge-shaped.

[0042] The design of the wedge-shaped ridge plate 409 allows it to easily embed into the rock strata and soft soil strata, forming a multi-point interlocking anchor, which enhances the supporting force and stability of the push plate 408 on the well wall, prevents the push plate 408 from sliding on the well wall, and thus ensures the attitude locking effect of the drill bit 2 after orientation, preventing the drill bit 2 from being deflected by the reaction force of the strata.

[0043] Working principle and usage process: The connecting rod 3 is connected to the main unit 1 via the drill rod. When the main unit 1 pushes the drill rod, the connecting rod 3 follows the drill rod to drive the directional component 4 and the drill bit 2 to drill into the ground. During the drilling process, when it is not necessary to change the drilling direction of the drill bit 2 and to perform straight drilling, the servo motor 501 is not started. At this time, the push plate 408 is in a retracted state under the action of the spring 703 of the adaptive limit rod 7. The ridge plate 409 at the outer end of the push plate 408 does not contact the well wall. The main unit 1 is started, and the connecting rod 3, the directional component 4 and the drill bit 2 are driven to rotate and drill through the drill rod. During the drilling process, the impact vibration generated by the rock layer on the drill bit 2 will be transmitted to the directional component 4. At this time, the spring 703 of the adaptive limit rod 7 will elastically extend and retract, causing the push plate 408 to sway slightly, forming a controllable micro-amplitude adaptive vibration. This vibration can offset part of the vibration load generated by the rock layer impact, reduce the fatigue wear of the drill rod, flange and various transmission components, and at the same time, the micro-vibration can assist in breaking loose rock and soil.

[0044] When it is necessary to change the drilling direction of drill bit 2, the servo motor 501 is started in the forward direction according to the preset orientation angle. The servo motor 501 drives the transmission gear 502 to rotate. The transmission gear 502 meshes with the driven gear 503, which in turn drives the transmission ring 601 to rotate. The transmission ring 601 drives the top support block 603 and the pressure block 604 to rotate synchronously. Since the pressure block 604 is inclined and adapted to the slope surface of the lifting block 405, when the pressure block 604 rotates to the target direction... When the lifting block 405 contacts the pressure block 604, the inclined surface of the pressure block 604 interacts with the inclined surface of the lifting block 405, generating a pushing force that pushes the lifting block 405 upward along the upright 404. As the lifting block 405 slides upward, it drives the connecting rod 407 to move through the connecting block 406. The angle of the connecting rod 407 changes, which in turn pushes the push plate 408 to move outward. The push plate 408 drives the outer sleeve 701 to slide along the inner sleeve 702, and the spring 703 is stretched, generating an elastic buffering force. After the pusher plate 408 moves outward to contact the well wall, it continues to push outward until the wedge-shaped ridge 409 at the outer end of the pusher plate 408 embeds into the rock strata or soft soil strata of the well wall, forming a multi-point interlocking anchor. At this time, the pusher plate 408 generates a pushing reaction force on the well wall. This reaction force is transmitted to the drill bit 2 through the connecting rod 401, pushing the drill bit 2 to change the drilling direction. At the same time, because the outer wall of the pusher plate 408 is arc-shaped, it can adaptively conform to the well wall. With the elastic buffer of the spring 703, the drill bit 2 achieves orientation. The attitude is stabilized and locked to prevent the drill bit 2 from deflecting due to the impact of the formation reaction force. If it is necessary to adjust the orientation angle of the drill bit 2, the rotation angle of the servo motor 501 can be controlled to adjust the pushing force of the pressure block 604 on the lifting block 405, thereby adjusting the supporting amplitude of the push plate 408 to achieve orientation adjustment at different angles. If it is necessary to change the orientation direction, the rotation of the servo motor 501 can be controlled to drive the pressure block 604 to act on the lifting block 405 in the corresponding direction to achieve multi-directional orientation adjustment.

[0045] When drill bit 2 completes directional adjustment and needs to continue straight drilling or adjust to other directions, the servo motor 501 is started in reverse, driving the transmission ring 601 and the pressure block 604 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the inclined surface of the pressure block 604 contacts the top inclined surface of the lifting block 405, generating a downward pressure force, pushing the lifting block 405 to slide down along the upright 404. When the lifting block 405 slides down, it drives the connecting rod 407 to move through the connecting block 406. The connecting rod 407 pulls the push plate 408 to retract inward, the outer sleeve 701 slides in the opposite direction along the inner sleeve 702, the spring 703 retracts and resets, the push plate 408 separates from the well wall, and the ridge plate 409 disengages from the well wall. At this time, drill bit 2 returns to its free state and can carry out straight drilling or re-directional adjustment operations.

[0046] Because the directional assembly 4 adopts a modular flange connection structure, when the drill bit 2 is damaged or the directional assembly 4 malfunctions, the drill bit 2 or the directional assembly 4 can be removed separately for inspection or replacement by disassembling the flange connection, thereby reducing maintenance costs and improving maintenance efficiency.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0048] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling, characterized in that: Includes a host (1), a drill bit (2) is provided at the front end of the host (1), an orientation component (4) is provided at the rear end of the drill bit (2), a connecting rod (3) is provided at the rear end of the orientation component (4), the connecting rod (3) is connected to the host (1) through a drill rod, a drive component (5) is provided inside the orientation component (4), a trigger component (6) is provided at the top of the drive component (5), and an adaptive limit rod (7) is provided at the inner end of the orientation component (4). The directional assembly (4) includes a connecting rod (401), the front end of which is connected to the drill bit (2) via a flange, and the rear end of which is connected to the connecting rod (3) via a flange. A fixed plate (402) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (401), and a protective shell (403) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the fixed plate (402). Four pairs of uprights (404) fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell (403) are fixedly connected to the top of the protective shell (403). 404) is arranged symmetrically around the circumference. Each pair of uprights (404) is slidably connected to a lifting block (405). The outer end of the lifting block (405) is provided with a connecting rod (407). Both the inner and outer ends of the connecting rod (407) are rotatably connected to a connecting block (406). One of the connecting blocks (406) is fixedly connected to the lifting block (405), and the outer end of the other connecting block (406) is fixedly connected to a push plate (408). The outer end of the push plate (408) is fixedly connected to multiple ridge pieces (409).

2. The modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triggering component (6) includes a transmission ring (601), which is fixedly installed on the top of the protective shell (403). The bottom end of the transmission ring (601) extends into the interior of the protective shell (403) and is fixedly connected to a sliding ring (602). The sliding ring (602) is slidably connected to the protective shell (403). The top end of the transmission ring (601) is fixedly connected to a support block (603), and the top end of the support block (603) is fixedly connected to a pressure block (604). The pressure block (604) is adapted to the lifting block (405).

3. The modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (5) includes a servo motor (501) and a driven gear (503). The servo motor (501) is fixedly installed inside the protective shell (403). A transmission gear (502) is fixedly connected to the transmission end of the servo motor (501). The driven gear (503) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the transmission ring (601). The transmission gear (502) meshes with the driven gear (503).

4. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive limiting rod (7) includes multiple outer sleeves (701), each of which corresponds to a push plate (408). The outer sleeves (701) are fixedly installed on the inner end of the push plate (408). An inner cylinder (702) is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve (701). The inner cylinder (702) passes through the end of the outer sleeve (701) away from the push plate (408) and is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (402). A spring (703) connected to the inner cylinder (702) is provided inside the outer sleeve (701). One end of the spring (703) is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (702), and the other end of the spring (703) is fixedly connected to the outer sleeve (701).

5. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixed plate (402) is provided with a groove for fixed connection with the inner cylinder (702).

6. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (403) has a groove inside that is slidably connected to the sliding ring (602).

7. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting block (405) has sloping ends at both ends. One end of the lifting block (405) has a groove that slides with the upright (404). The other end of the lifting block (405) has a limiting groove that matches the upright (404). The limiting groove and the groove are both located at the end of the lifting block (405) near the connecting rod (407). The end of the lifting block (405) away from the connecting rod (407) matches the pressure block (604).

8. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure block (604) is set at an angle.

9. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the push plate (408) is arc-shaped, and the inner wall of the push plate (408) is provided with a connecting groove for connecting the connecting block (406). Both the upper and lower ends of the connecting groove are provided with mounting grooves for fixed connection with the outer sleeve (701).

10. A modular terrain-adaptive directional drilling rig for geological drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spine (409) is wedge-shaped.

Images