Fluorite ore mining dust reduction method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a fluorite mining dust falling method and system, which comprises an explosion-proof box, a spraying pipe fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof box, a movable frame hinged to the opening of the explosion-proof box, a connecting rod slidingly connected to the inner wall of the movable frame, and a baffle fixedly connected to the other side of the connecting rod and matched with the explosion-proof box. When the protection mechanism is driven by the blast shock wave acting on the wave screen, the baffle is opened, the spraying pipe is exposed to dust falling, and in the non-working state, the baffle is used to isolate the spraying pipe from the shock wave and flying stone environment; the delay assembly uses the one-way transmission characteristics of the ball and the wedge-shaped groove to ensure that the baffle is quickly opened, and when the baffle is closed, the inner wheel drives the outer wheel and the corrugated ring to rotate to generate frictional damping, so that the resetting speed of the baffle is slowed down; the on-off assembly realizes automatic spraying when the baffle is opened and automatic stopping after resetting, so that the dust falling reliability and the device durability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in mines, and more particularly to a dust suppression system for fluorite mining. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing depth of fluorite mining and the increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, dust pollution from underground blasting operations has become one of the main factors restricting mine safety and occupational health. During underground mining of fluorite, blasting generates a large amount of high-concentration dust. This dust not only seriously deteriorates the underground working environment and harms the respiratory health of miners, but also reduces visibility in tunnels, interferes with the efficiency of mechanized operations, and even increases the safety risk of dust explosions.

[0003] Existing dust suppression systems in fluorite mining employ either electric sprayers or manual water spraying. The former relies on electricity and electronic sensors, which are prone to short circuits and leakage in the harsh environment of underground mining, which is humid, dusty, and contains explosive gases. Furthermore, explosion-proof costs are high, and maintenance is labor-intensive. The latter suffers from problems such as delayed response, untimely dust suppression, and limited coverage, making it difficult to effectively capture dust within a short period after blasting.

[0004] Some sprinkler pipes are usually exposed on the sidewalls or roof of the tunnel. The shock waves and flying rocks generated by the blasting act directly on the surface of the sprinkler pipes for a long time, causing the pipes to loosen. As a result, the sprinkler pipes are prone to damage after several blasts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust suppression system for fluorite mining, in order to solve the technical problems of existing dust suppression systems for fluorite mining, such as short circuits and leakage, high explosion-proof costs, large maintenance workload, untimely dust suppression, limited coverage, easy damage to spray pipes, and low efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A dust suppression system for fluorite mining includes a dust suppression mechanism, which includes an explosion-proof box, a spray pipe fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof box, a movable frame hinged to the opening of the explosion-proof box, a connecting rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable frame, and a baffle fixedly connected to the other side of the connecting rod and used in conjunction with the explosion-proof box.

[0008] The system also includes a drive mechanism, which includes an opening and closing component for receiving the blast shock wave and controlling the opening of the baffle, and a delay component for slowing down the closing speed of the opening and closing component.

[0009] The opening and closing assembly includes a wave-receiving screen disposed on the side of the baffle away from the explosion-proof box, a rack fixedly connected to the end of the wave-receiving screen near the baffle, a gear meshing with the outer surface of the rack, a connecting column fixedly connected to the inner surface of the gear, a mounting block fixedly connected to the through end of the connecting column, and a crank fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting block and used in conjunction with the baffle.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rack is slidably connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box, and the connecting column is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box.

[0011] The outer end of the crank is hinged to the end of the baffle away from the movable frame, and a tension spring is installed at the connection between the crank and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the delay component includes an inner wheel fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting column, a plurality of wedge grooves formed on the outer surface of the inner wheel, balls disposed inside the wedge grooves, and an outer wheel rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the inner wheel.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the delay assembly also includes a corrugated ring fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the outer wheel, an annular frame fixedly connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box, and a damping block slidably connected to the inner surface of the annular frame and used in conjunction with the corrugated ring.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wedge-shaped grooves are distributed in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the inner wheel, and a rotating bearing sleeve is installed at the connection between the inner wheel and the corrugated ring.

[0015] The inner wall of the inner wheel is fixedly connected with a spring plate that works with the ball bearing. The end of the spring plate abuts against the outer surface of the ball bearing.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the corrugated ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the ring frame, the through end of the damping block is in frictional contact with the outer surface of the corrugated ring, and tension springs are sequentially installed at the connection points of multiple sets of damping blocks.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism further includes a disconnection component for automatically controlling the opening of the internal channel of the spray pipe when the baffle is opened.

[0018] The disconnection assembly includes an outer pipe fixedly connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box, a fixed pipe connected to the through end of the outer pipe and used in conjunction with the spray pipe, a transmission column rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixed pipe, and a plug ball fixedly connected to the end of the transmission column.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the disconnection assembly also includes a grooved rod fixedly sleeved on the through end of the transmission column, a force-applying rod slidably connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box and used in conjunction with the grooved rod, and a driven column fixedly connected to the end of the force-applying rod away from the grooved rod.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner cavities of the fixed pipe and the spray pipe are connected, the outer surface of the plug ball is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed pipe, and an L-shaped groove runs through the surface of the fixed pipe. One end of the L-shaped groove is opposite to the outer pipe, and the other end forms an initial angle of 90° with the spray pipe.

[0021] A rotating bearing sleeve is installed at the connection between the transmission column and the explosion-proof box. The outer end face of the force-applying rod slides in contact with the outer surface of the groove rod, and the outer end face of the driven column is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rack.

[0022] This invention also provides a dust suppression method for fluorite mining, which uses the aforementioned dust suppression system for fluorite mining and specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] S1: Hoist the dust suppression mechanism to the preset position on the underground blasting face, make the wave-receiving screen face the blasting direction, and connect the external water supply pipeline to the external pipe.

[0024] S2: The blast shock wave acts on the receiving screen, pushing the rack to move closer to the explosion-proof box. The rack drives the connecting column to rotate through the gear. The connecting column drives the baffle to flip outward and open through the mounting block and the crank. At this time, the inner wheel rotates freely with the connecting column, while the outer wheel remains stationary, and the baffle opens quickly. At the same time, the rack drives the driven column to move. The driven column pushes the groove rod to rotate through the force rod. The groove rod drives the plug ball to rotate 90° through the transmission column, connecting the water passage between the outer pipe and the spray pipe.

[0025] S3: The spray pipe begins to spray water mist to suppress dust in the blast area; after the shock wave disappears, the tension spring contracts and resets, causing the connecting column to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the inner wheel drives the outer wheel and the bellows to rotate through the ball bearings. The bellows and the damping block generate frictional damping, which slows down the reset speed of the connecting column and the baffle. At the same time, the driven column moves in the opposite direction, causing the ball bearing to rotate 90° in the opposite direction, disconnecting the water passage between the outer pipe and the spray pipe.

[0026] S4: Repeat steps S2 to S3. Each time the blasting baffle is activated, the spray will automatically turn on and then automatically turn off and reset after a delay. When the spray pipe needs to be inspected, simply open the baffle manually.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] When the blast shock wave acts on the receiving screen, the present invention drives the baffle to open through the opening and closing component, so that the spray pipe is exposed in time and starts spraying to reduce dust. This avoids missing the best time for dust capture due to electrical equipment failure or delay in manual operation. It can also use the closed protection of the baffle in the non-working state to isolate the spray pipe and internal precision components from the external shock wave and flying rock environment, so as to significantly reduce the damage rate of the spray pipe and improve the reliability of dust reduction operation in the well.

[0029] By utilizing the unidirectional transmission characteristics of the ball bearings and wedge grooves, the inner wheel rotates freely relative to the outer wheel when the baffle is open, preventing frictional damping between the bellows ring and the damping block, thus ensuring the baffle opens quickly. When the baffle is closed, the inner wheel drives the outer wheel and the bellows ring to rotate synchronously via the ball bearings, generating frictional damping between the bellows ring and the damping block, thereby slowing down the baffle's reset speed. This significantly extends the spraying time of the spray pipe while improving the dust settling rate.

[0030] The on / off component enables the spray pipe to perform spraying operations when the baffle is open, and automatically stops the spraying operation after the baffle is fully reset, thus achieving control. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only examples of embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural illustration of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural illustration of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the explosion-proof box in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the delay component in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer wheel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ball-blocking device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals: 100, Dust suppression mechanism; 110, Explosion-proof box; 120, Spray pipe; 130, Movable frame; 140, Connecting rod; 150, Baffle; 200, Drive mechanism; 210, Opening and closing assembly; 211, Wave receiving screen; 212, Rack; 213, Gear; 214, Connecting column; 215, Mounting block; 216, Crank rod; 220, Delay assembly; 221, Inner wheel; 222, Wedge groove; 223, Ball bearing; 224, Outer wheel; 225, Corrugated ring; 226, Ring frame; 227, Damping block; 230, Shut-off assembly; 231, Outer pipe; 232, Fixed pipe; 233, Transmission column; 234, Blocking ball; 235, Groove rod; 236, Force-applying rod; 237, Driven column. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; they can refer to the internal connection of two components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] See Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dust suppression system for fluorite mining, including a dust suppression mechanism 100 and a drive mechanism 200.

[0046] The dust suppression mechanism 100 includes an explosion-proof box 110, a spray pipe 120 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 110, a movable frame 130 hinged to the opening of the explosion-proof box 110, a connecting rod 140 slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable frame 130, and a baffle 150 fixedly connected to the other side of the connecting rod 140 and used in conjunction with the explosion-proof box 110.

[0047] The explosion-proof box 110 adopts the mining explosion-proof standard design. Its shell is integrally stamped from Q460C high-strength structural steel with a wall thickness of 6mm to 10mm. It can withstand the shock wave overpressure peak of not less than 0.3MPa and the impact of flying rocks generated by underground blasting. M20×45 Q235B anchor bolts are welded at the diagonal corners of the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 110. The anchor bolts are used to fix the whole device to the anchor rods on the side wall of the underground roadway. A 40mm×40mm×5mm Q235B angle steel reinforcing frame is welded around the opening of the explosion-proof box 110. Two sets of symmetrical hinge seat holes are opened at the upper end of the angle steel reinforcing frame for installing the movable frame 130.

[0048] The movable frame 130 is forged and machined from 45# steel, forming a rectangular frame structure with a width of 800mm–1200mm and a height of 600mm–1000mm. Hinged bushings are integrally formed at both ends of the upper crossbeam of the movable frame 130. The inner diameter of these bushings is 20mm–30mm, and the length is 40mm–60mm. The movable frame 130 is hinged to the angle steel reinforcing frame at the opening of the explosion-proof box 110 via hinged shafts. The hinged shafts are made of 4... The 0Cr steel is heat-treated to HRC28-32 and then processed into shape. Its diameter is 18mm-28mm. Both ends pass through the hinge bushing of the movable frame 130 and the hinge seat hole of the angle steel reinforcing frame, respectively. The axial movement is locked with M16×1.5 cotter pins. The inner walls of the left and right side frames of the movable frame 130 are respectively provided with sliding grooves. These grooves are T-shaped grooves or dovetail grooves with a width of 12mm-18mm and a depth of 8mm-12mm, which are used for sliding installation of the connecting rod 140.

[0049] The baffle 150 is made of NM400 wear-resistant steel plate with a thickness of 4mm to 8mm. Its outer contour dimensions match the inner dimensions of the angle steel reinforcing frame at the opening of the explosion-proof box 110. A connecting lug is welded to the inner surface of the baffle 150 near the bottom. The end of the connecting rod 140 is hinged to the connecting lug via a pin. The connecting rod 140 is made of 45# steel, and its sliding end is machined with a T-shaped head or dovetail head that matches the sliding groove on the inner wall of the movable frame 130. The head size and the sliding groove are H9 / f9 clearance fit to ensure that the connecting rod 140 can slide smoothly along the inner wall of the movable frame 130. A neoprene rubber sealing strip is pasted around the inner surface of the baffle 150. The sealing strip has a D-shaped structure with a cross-section of 8mm × 10mm. When the baffle 150 is in the closed state, the sealing strip is pressed tightly against the inner edge of the angle steel reinforcing frame at the opening of the explosion-proof box 110 to prevent external dust and flying stones from entering the interior of the explosion-proof box 110.

[0050] The drive mechanism 200 includes an opening and closing component 210 for receiving blast shock waves and controlling the opening of the baffle 150, and a delay component 220 for slowing down the closing speed of the opening and closing component 210.

[0051] The opening and closing assembly 210 includes a wave-receiving screen 211 disposed on the side of the baffle 150 away from the explosion-proof box 110, a rack 212 fixedly connected to the end of the wave-receiving screen 211 near the baffle 150, a gear 213 meshing with the outer surface of the rack 212, a connecting column 214 fixedly connected to the inner surface of the gear 213, a mounting block 215 fixedly connected to the through end of the connecting column 214, and a crank 216 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting block 215 and used in conjunction with the baffle 150.

[0052] The receiving screen 211 has a flat plate structure with an area larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the rack 212, thus receiving a wider range of blast shock wave energy. The rack 212 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box 110, the connecting column 214 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box 110, and the outer end face of the crank 216 is hinged to the end of the baffle 150 away from the movable frame 130. A tension spring is installed at the connection between the crank 216 and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 110. This tension spring is used to drive the crank 216 to reset after the shock wave disappears, so that the baffle 150 can close automatically.

[0053] The meshing pair of rack 212 and gear 213 adopts a helical tooth design to improve transmission smoothness and reduce meshing noise under impact load. The hinge point between crank 216 and baffle 150 is located on the side of baffle 150 away from movable frame 130, so that crank 216 can drive baffle 150 to produce a large opening stroke through a small swing angle.

[0054] When the blast shock wave acts on the receiving screen 211, the receiving screen 211 drives the rack 212 to move closer to the explosion-proof box 110, causing the rack 212 to drive the gear 213 to rotate. The gear 213 then drives the mounting block 215 to rotate synchronously through the connecting column 214, causing the mounting block 215 to drive the baffle 150 to flip outward around the hinge point of the movable frame 130 through the crank 216.

[0055] After the shock wave disappears, the tension spring contracts and resets through its own elastic force, causing the crank 216, mounting block 215, connecting column 214 and gear 213 to rotate in the opposite direction. The gear 213 drives the rack 212 to move away from the explosion-proof box 110, ultimately resetting the wave-receiving screen 211 and causing the baffle 150 to return to the closed state.

[0056] When in use, the dust suppression mechanism 100 is first hoisted or transported to the preset position on the underground blasting face, so that the wave receiving screen 211 faces the blasting operation direction to complete the deployment.

[0057] During blasting operations, the shock wave generated by the blast first acts on the receiving screen 211. Under the impetus of the shock wave, the receiving screen 211 drives the rack 212 to move linearly towards the explosion-proof box 110. When the rack 212 moves, it drives the gear 213 to rotate. The gear 213 then drives the mounting block 215 to rotate synchronously through the connecting column 214. When the mounting block 215 rotates, the crank 216 swings synchronously and drives the baffle 150.

[0058] At this time, driven by the crank 216, the baffle 150 overcomes the frictional force of the connecting rod 140 sliding along the inner wall of the movable frame 130, causing the connecting rod 140 to slide outward along the inner wall of the movable frame 130. At the same time, the baffle 150 flips outward around the hinge point of the movable frame 130, exposing the spray pipe 120 inside the explosion-proof box 110, so that the spray pipe 120 can spray water mist onto the blast area to suppress dust.

[0059] After the blast shock wave disappears, the wave-receiving screen 211 loses its external force, and the tension spring at the connection between the crank 216 and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 110 retracts and resets, driving the mounting block 215, connecting column 214 and gear 213 to rotate. The gear 213 drives the rack 212 to move linearly away from the explosion-proof box 110, so that the wave-receiving screen 211 returns to its initial position. At the same time, the mounting block 215 pushes the baffle 150 through the crank 216, causing the connecting rod 140 to slide inward along the inner wall of the movable frame 130. The baffle 150 flips inward around the hinge point and resets, re-sealing the opening of the explosion-proof box 110 and protecting the internal spray pipe 120.

[0060] In summary, when the blast shock wave acts on the receiving screen 211, the protective mechanism 200 drives the baffle 150 to open through the opening and closing component 210, so that the spray pipe 120 is exposed in time and starts spraying to reduce dust. This avoids missing the best opportunity for dust capture due to electrical equipment failure or delay in manual operation. At the same time, the closed protection of the baffle 150 in the non-working state isolates the spray pipe 120 and its internal precision components from the external shock wave and flying rock environment, so as to significantly reduce the damage rate of the spray pipe 120 and improve the reliability of dust reduction operation in the well.

[0061] See Figures 3-8 As shown, there is a delay component 220 for slowing down the reset speed of the baffle 150, and a switching component 230 for realizing the synchronous switching of the water circuit.

[0062] The delay assembly 220 includes an inner wheel 221 fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting column 214, multiple sets of wedge grooves 222 formed on the outer surface of the inner wheel 221, ball bearings 223 disposed inside the wedge grooves 222, and an outer wheel 224 rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the inner wheel 221.

[0063] The delay assembly 220 also includes a corrugated ring 225 fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the outer wheel 224, an annular frame 226 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box 110, and a damping block 227 slidably connected to the inner surface of the annular frame 226 and used in conjunction with the corrugated ring 225.

[0064] Wedge-shaped grooves 222 are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the inner wheel 221. A rotating bearing sleeve is installed at the connection between the inner wheel 221 and the corrugated ring 225. A spring plate for use with the ball 223 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner wheel 221, and the end of the spring plate abuts against the outer surface of the ball 223. The spring plate is used to press the ball 223 into the bottom of the wedge-shaped groove 222 under normal conditions, so that the ball 223 does not move outward on its own when the inner wheel 221 rotates.

[0065] The bellows ring 225 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the ring frame 226, and the through end of the damping block 227 is in frictional contact with the outer surface of the bellows ring 225. A tension spring is installed sequentially at the connection of multiple sets of damping blocks 227. The tension spring is used to provide the positive pressure between the damping block 227 and the bellows ring 225, thereby generating a stable frictional damping torque.

[0066] When the connecting column 214 drives the inner wheel 221 to rotate in the opening direction of the baffle 150, the wedge groove 222 squeezes the ball 223 through its inclined inner wall in a direction away from the inner wall of the outer wheel 224. Under the action of the spring, the ball 223 is kept in the bottom of the wedge groove 222, and the inner wheel 221 and the outer wheel 224 are disengaged, so that the inner wheel 221 rotates freely relative to the outer wheel 224. At this time, the outer wheel 224 and the corrugated ring 225 remain stationary, and there is no relative movement between the corrugated ring 225 and the damping block 227. The connecting column 214 is not subject to frictional damping, and the baffle 150 can be opened quickly.

[0067] When the connecting column 214 rotates in the closing direction of the baffle 150 under the action of the tension spring, the inner wheel 221 rotates synchronously. The inclined inner wall of the wedge groove 222 squeezes the ball 223, causing the ball 223 to overcome the elastic force of the spring and move outward and press against the inner wall of the outer wheel 224. A rigid connection is formed between the inner wheel 221 and the outer wheel 224, which drives the outer wheel 224 to rotate synchronously. When the outer wheel 224 rotates, it drives the bellows ring 225 to rotate synchronously, so that the outer surface of the bellows ring 225 generates frictional damping with the through end of the damping block 227. The damping torque is transmitted to the connecting column 214 through the outer wheel 224, the ball 223 and the inner wheel 221, thereby slowing down the reset speed of the connecting column 214 and the baffle 150.

[0068] The drive mechanism 200 also includes a disconnection assembly 230 for automatically controlling the opening of the internal channel of the spray pipe 120 when the baffle 150 is opened. The disconnection assembly 230 includes an outer pipe 231 fixedly connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box 110, a fixed pipe 232 communicating with the through end of the outer pipe 231 and used in conjunction with the spray pipe 120, a transmission column 233 rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixed pipe 232, and a stop ball 234 fixedly connected to the end of the transmission column 233.

[0069] The disconnection assembly 230 also includes a slotted rod 235 fixedly sleeved on the through end of the transmission column 233, a force-applying rod 236 slidably connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box 110 and used in conjunction with the slotted rod 235, and a driven column 237 fixedly connected to the end of the force-applying rod 236 away from the slotted rod 235.

[0070] The inner cavities of the fixed pipe 232 and the spray pipe 120 are connected. The outer surface of the plug ball 234 is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed pipe 232. An L-shaped groove runs through the surface of the fixed pipe 232. One end of the L-shaped groove is opposite to the outer pipe 231, and the other end forms an initial angle of 90° with the spray pipe 120.

[0071] A rotating bearing sleeve is installed at the connection between the transmission column 233 and the explosion-proof box 110. The outer end face of the force-applying rod 236 slides in contact with the outer surface of the groove rod 235. The outer end face of the driven column 237 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rack 212.

[0072] When the rack 212 moves under the action of the shock wave, the driven column 237 moves synchronously with the rack 212. The driven column 237 pushes the grooved rod 235 to rotate through the force rod 236. The grooved rod 235 drives the plug ball 234 to rotate 90° on the inner wall of the fixed pipe 232 through the transmission column 233, so that the L-shaped groove on the surface of the plug ball 234 is aligned with the L-shaped groove of the fixed pipe 232, thereby connecting the water passage between the outer pipe 231 and the spray pipe 120.

[0073] When rack 212 moves in the reverse direction under the action of tension spring, driven column 237 drives force rod 236 to move in the reverse direction. Force rod 236 drives grooved rod 235 to rotate in the reverse direction. Groove rod 235 then drives plug ball 234 to rotate in the reverse direction by 90° through transmission column 233, causing the L-shaped groove on the surface of plug ball 234 to misalign with the L-shaped groove of fixed pipe 232, thereby disconnecting the water passage between outer pipe 231 and spray pipe 120. The fit between plug ball 234 and inner wall of fixed pipe 232 ensures the sealing when the water passage is disconnected, preventing accidental spraying or leakage.

[0074] In use, the external water supply pipe is connected to the external pipe 231. Based on the working process of the opening and closing component 210, when the blast shock wave acts on the wave-receiving screen 211 and drives the rack 212 to move towards the explosion-proof box 110, the connecting column 214 rotates accordingly, driving the inner wheel 221 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the rotation direction of the inner wheel 221 is the opening direction. The wedge groove 222 squeezes the ball 223 through the inclined inner wall to the side away from the inner wall of the outer wheel 224. The ball 223 is kept in the bottom of the wedge groove 222 under the action of the spring. There is no rigid connection between the inner wheel 221 and the outer wheel 224. The inner wheel 221 rotates freely relative to the outer wheel 224, while the outer wheel 224 remains stationary. There is no relative movement between the corrugated ring 225 and the damping block 227. The connecting column 214 is not subject to frictional damping, and the baffle 150 can be opened quickly.

[0075] At the same time, when the rack 212 moves, it drives the driven column 237 to move synchronously. The driven column 237 pushes the grooved rod 235 to rotate through the force rod 236. The grooved rod 235 drives the plug ball 234 to rotate 90° on the inner wall of the fixed pipe 232 through the transmission column 233, so that the L-shaped groove on the surface of the plug ball 234 is aligned with the L-shaped groove of the fixed pipe 232, thereby connecting the water passage between the outer pipe 231 and the spray pipe 120. The outer pipe 231 is fixed to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box 110. Its input end is connected to the external water supply pipe, and its output end is connected to the spray pipe 120 through the fixed pipe 232. After the water passage is connected, the spray pipe 120 begins to spray water mist into the blasting area.

[0076] After the blast shock wave dissipates, the wave-receiving screen 211 loses its external force, and the tension spring at the connection between the crank 216 and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box 110 retracts and resets, driving the mounting block 215, connecting column 214, and gear 213 to rotate. When the connecting column 214 rotates, it drives the inner wheel 221 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the rotation direction of the inner wheel 221 is the closing direction, and the inclined inner wall of the wedge groove 222 squeezes the ball 223, causing the ball 223 to move outward against the elastic force of the spring. The inner wheel 221 is rigidly connected to the inner wall of the outer wheel 224, and the outer wheel 224 is driven to rotate synchronously. When the outer wheel 224 rotates, it drives the corrugated ring 225 to rotate. The outer surface of the corrugated ring 225 generates frictional damping with the through end of the damping block 227. The damping torque is transmitted to the connecting column 214 through the outer wheel 224, the ball 223 and the inner wheel 221, thereby slowing down the reset speed of the connecting column 214 and the baffle 150.

[0077] When the connecting column 214 rotates, it simultaneously drives the driven column 237 to move in the opposite direction. The driven column 237 drives the grooved rod 235 to rotate in the opposite direction through the force-applying rod 236. The grooved rod 235 drives the plug ball 234 to rotate in the opposite direction by 90° through the transmission column 233, so that the L-shaped groove on the surface of the plug ball 234 is misaligned with the L-shaped groove of the fixed pipe 232, thereby disconnecting the water passage between the outer pipe 231 and the spray pipe 120. The outer surface of the plug ball 234 fits against the inner wall of the fixed pipe 232, ensuring the sealing performance when the water passage is disconnected.

[0078] At this point, after a blasting operation is completed, the delay component 220 slowly resets the baffle 150, and the disconnection component 230 keeps the water path open for a period of time during the reset of the baffle 150. Only after the plug ball 234 is completely reset will the water path be cut off, thereby ensuring that the spray pipe 120 can continue to spray for a preset delay time after the shock wave disappears, until the delay ends, the baffle 150 is completely closed, the water path is completely disconnected, and the entire device returns to its initial state, waiting for the next blasting operation.

[0079] In summary, the delay component 220 utilizes the unidirectional transmission characteristics of the ball bearing 223 and the wedge groove 222 to allow the inner wheel 221 to idle relative to the outer wheel 224 when the baffle 150 is open, preventing frictional damping between the bellows ring 225 and the damping block 227, thus ensuring the baffle 150 opens quickly. When the baffle 150 closes, the inner wheel 221 drives the outer wheel 224 and the bellows ring 225 to rotate synchronously via the ball bearing 223, generating frictional damping between the bellows ring 225 and the damping block 227, thereby slowing down the reset speed of the baffle 150. This significantly extends the spraying time of the spray pipe 120 while improving the dust settling rate. The disconnection component 230 allows the spray pipe 120 to perform spraying operations when the baffle 150 is open, and automatically stops the spraying operation after the baffle 150 has fully reset.

[0080] This invention discloses a dust suppression method for fluorite mining, employing the aforementioned dust suppression system for fluorite mining, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Hoist the dust suppression mechanism 100 to the preset position on the underground blasting face, make the wave receiver 211 face the blasting direction, and connect the external water supply pipeline to the external pipe 231.

[0082] S2: The blast shock wave acts on the receiving screen 211, pushing the rack 212 to move closer to the explosion-proof box 110. The rack 212 drives the connecting column 214 to rotate through the gear 213. The connecting column 214 drives the baffle 150 to flip outward and open through the mounting block 215 and the crank 216. At this time, the inner wheel 221 rotates freely with the connecting column 214, while the outer wheel 224 remains stationary. The baffle 150 opens quickly. At the same time, the rack 212 drives the driven column 237 to move. The driven column 237 pushes the grooved rod 235 to rotate through the force rod 236. The grooved rod 235 drives the blocking ball 234 to rotate 90° through the transmission column 233, connecting the water passage between the outer pipe 231 and the spray pipe 120.

[0083] S3: Spray pipe 120 begins to spray water mist to suppress dust in the blasting area. After the shock wave disappears, the tension spring contracts and resets, causing the connecting column 214 to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the inner wheel 221 drives the outer wheel 224 and the bellows ring 225 to rotate through the ball bearing 223. The bellows ring 225 generates frictional damping with the damping block 227, which slows down the reset speed of the connecting column 214 and the baffle 150. At the same time, the driven column 237 moves in the opposite direction, causing the ball bearing 234 to rotate 90° in the opposite direction, disconnecting the water passage between the outer pipe 231 and the spray pipe 120.

[0084] S4: Repeat steps S2 to S3. Each time the blasting baffle 150 automatically turns on the spray, it will automatically turn off and reset after a delay. When the spray pipe 120 needs to be inspected, simply manually open the baffle 150.

[0085] The above description illustrates the basic principles of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining, characterized in that: The device includes a dust suppression mechanism (100), which includes an explosion-proof box (110), a spray pipe (120) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof box (110), a movable frame (130) hinged to the opening of the explosion-proof box (110), a connecting rod (140) slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable frame (130), and a baffle (150) fixedly connected to the other side of the connecting rod (140) for use with the explosion-proof box (110). It also includes a drive mechanism (200), which includes an opening and closing component (210) for receiving the blast shock wave and controlling the opening of the baffle (150), and a delay component (220) for slowing down the closing speed of the opening and closing component (210). The opening and closing assembly (210) includes a wave-receiving screen (211) disposed on the side of the baffle (150) away from the explosion-proof box (110), a rack (212) fixedly connected to one end of the wave-receiving screen (211) near the baffle (150), a gear (213) meshing with the outer surface of the rack (212), a connecting column (214) fixedly connected to the inner surface of the gear (213), a mounting block (215) fixedly connected to the through end of the connecting column (214), and a crank (216) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting block (215) and used in conjunction with the baffle (150).

2. The dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (212) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box (110), and the connecting column (214) is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box (110); The outer end face of the crank (216) is hinged to the end of the baffle (150) away from the movable frame (130), and a tension spring is installed at the connection between the crank (216) and the inner wall of the explosion-proof box (110).

3. The dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delay component (220) includes an inner wheel (221) fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting column (214), multiple sets of wedge grooves (222) opened on the outer surface of the inner wheel (221), ball bearings (223) disposed inside the wedge grooves (222), and an outer wheel (224) rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the inner wheel (221).

4. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The delay component (220) further includes a corrugated ring (225) fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the outer wheel (224), an annular frame (226) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box (110), and a damping block (227) slidably connected to the inner surface of the annular frame (226) and used in conjunction with the corrugated ring (225).

5. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped grooves (222) are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the inner wheel (221), and a rotating bearing sleeve is installed at the connection between the inner wheel (221) and the corrugated ring (225); The inner wall of the inner wheel (221) is fixedly connected with a spring piece that works with the ball (223), and the end of the spring piece abuts against the outer surface of the ball (223).

6. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The corrugated ring (225) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the ring frame (226), and the through end of the damping block (227) is in frictional contact with the outer surface of the corrugated ring (225). Tension springs are sequentially installed at the connection points of multiple sets of damping blocks (227).

7. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (200) also includes a disconnection component (230) for automatically controlling the opening of the internal channel of the spray pipe (120) when the baffle (150) is opened. The disconnection assembly (230) includes an outer pipe (231) fixedly connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof box (110), a fixed pipe (232) connected to the through end of the outer pipe (231) and used in conjunction with the spray pipe (120), a transmission column (233) rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixed pipe (232), and a stop ball (234) fixedly connected to the end of the transmission column (233).

8. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: The disconnection assembly (230) further includes a slotted rod (235) fixedly sleeved on the through end of the transmission column (233), a force-applying rod (236) slidably connected to the outer surface of the explosion-proof box (110) and used in conjunction with the slotted rod (235), and a driven column (237) fixedly connected to the end of the force-applying rod (236) away from the slotted rod (235).

9. A dust suppression system for fluorite mining according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner cavities of the fixed pipe (232) and the spray pipe (120) are connected. The outer surface of the plug ball (234) is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed pipe (232). An L-shaped groove runs through the surface of the fixed pipe (232). One end of the L-shaped groove is opposite to the outer pipe (231), and the other end forms an initial angle of 90° with the spray pipe (120). A rotating bearing sleeve is installed at the connection between the transmission column (233) and the explosion-proof box (110). The outer end face of the force-applying rod (236) slides in contact with the outer surface of the groove rod (235). The outer end face of the driven column (237) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rack (212).

10. A dust suppression method for a dust suppression system in fluorite mining according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that... Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: Hoist the dust suppression mechanism (100) to the preset position of the underground blasting operation face, so that the wave receiving screen (211) faces the blasting direction, and connect the external water supply pipeline to the external pipe (231); S2: The blast shock wave acts on the receiving screen (211), pushing the rack (212) to move closer to the explosion-proof box (110). The rack (212) drives the connecting column (214) to rotate through the gear (213). The connecting column (214) drives the baffle (150) to flip outward and open through the mounting block (215) and the crank (216). At this time, the inner wheel (221) rotates freely with the connecting column (214). The outer wheel (224) remains stationary, the baffle (150) opens rapidly, and at the same time the rack (212) drives the driven column (237) to move. The driven column (237) pushes the grooved rod (235) to rotate through the force rod (236). The grooved rod (235) drives the ball stopper (234) to rotate 90° through the transmission column (233), connecting the water passage between the outer pipe (231) and the spray pipe (120). S3: The spray pipe (120) begins to spray water mist to reduce dust in the blasting area. After the shock wave disappears, the tension spring contracts and resets, causing the connecting column (214) to rotate in the opposite direction. At this time, the inner wheel (221) drives the outer wheel (224) and the corrugated ring (225) to rotate through the ball (223). The corrugated ring (225) generates frictional damping with the damping block (227), which slows down the reset speed of the connecting column (214) and the baffle (150). At the same time, the driven column (237) moves in the opposite direction, causing the ball plug (234) to rotate in the opposite direction by 90°, disconnecting the water passage between the outer pipe (231) and the spray pipe (120). S4: Repeat steps S2 to S3. Each time the baffle (150) is blasted, the spray will automatically turn on and automatically turn off and reset after a delay. When the spray pipe (120) needs to be repaired, the baffle (150) can be manually opened.

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