Part hole three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

A kind of part hole three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device and its detection method, belong to mechanical processing part detection technical field.It includes the base for installing positioning measured part and as reference base, the first bushing for cooperating with measured part centering shaft and being installed in base for limiting the degree of freedom of part, the angular pin for cooperating with measured part angular orientation hole and being fixed in base for limiting the degree of freedom of rotation of part, the support block of special-shaped geometry for being fixed on the upper surface of base for providing measurement reference and the gauge bar for being installed in the mounting hole of support block and the axis coincides with the theoretical three-dimensional axis of measured hole for detecting the three-dimensional position of measured hole of measured part.The present application is not affected by part surface state, instrument accuracy and detection personnel skill level, effectively avoids the problem of distorted detection result, ensures the reliability of detection result, is simple to operate, reduces labor intensity and improves detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device and its detection method for holes in parts, belonging to the field of mechanical parts inspection technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, for parts with centering shafts and angular positioning features, the three-dimensional positional accuracy of specific holes in three-dimensional space (including linear position in the X / Y / Z directions and axis tilt angle) directly affects the assembly quality and performance of the product, and is a key indicator that must be tested before the parts leave the factory. Currently, for the three-dimensional position detection of holes in such parts, the industry generally uses a coordinate measuring machine as the core testing equipment. This machine collects multiple coordinate points on the surface of the part and calculates the actual three-dimensional position of the hole using software.

[0003] The reliability of the inspection results of a coordinate measuring machine is constrained by multiple uncontrollable factors: if the surface of the part has poor roughness, oil stains, rust, or other adverse conditions, or if the instrument's accuracy decreases due to long-term use, or if calibration is not completed on schedule, or if the inspection personnel lack sufficient operating skills, the inspection results will be directly distorted and unable to accurately reflect the actual size of the hole in the part, thus affecting product quality control.

[0004] Meanwhile, the operation process of coordinate measuring machine (CMM) is cumbersome. Even under ideal inspection conditions, it requires multiple steps, including instrument power-on calibration, part clamping and alignment, establishing a measurement coordinate system, point-by-point sampling and calculation, and data comparison and analysis. The repeated alignment of the part's angular position and the multi-point sampling of the measured hole position are particularly time-consuming. In mass production inspection scenarios, this method is labor-intensive, has a long inspection cycle, and seriously wastes production time, failing to meet the inspection requirements of efficient mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device for parts holes and a detection method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a geometric plate detection device for three-dimensional position of a hole in a part, comprising a base for mounting and positioning the part to be measured and serving as the reference base for the entire detection device; a first bushing that cooperates with the centering shaft of the part to be measured and is fixedly installed in the centering hole of the base to restrict the part's X and Y direction degrees of freedom of movement; an angular pin that cooperates with the angular positioning hole of the part to be measured and is fixedly installed in the mounting hole of the base to restrict the part's rotational degrees of freedom; a support block with an irregular geometric structure that is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base to provide a measurement reference; and a measuring rod installed in the mounting hole of the support block and whose axis coincides with the theoretical three-dimensional axis of the hole to be measured for detecting the three-dimensional position of the hole in the part to be measured.

[0007] Furthermore, the left side surface of the base is provided with an axial positioning surface for restricting the Z-direction movement freedom of the part under test. The axial positioning surface is used to fit tightly with the end face of the part under test to achieve axial positioning.

[0008] Furthermore, the geometry and dimensions of the support block are machined according to the theoretical three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured in the part being measured, in order to ensure the horizontal, vertical and angular accuracy of the measuring rod axis.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the measuring rod is matched with the diameter of the hole to be measured in the part being measured. By adjusting the axial position of the measuring rod within the support block, it is used to determine whether the three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured in the part being measured meets the requirements of the drawing.

[0010] The present invention discloses a detection method for a three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device for holes in parts, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Assemble the centering shaft of the part into the centering hole of the first bushing, and at the same time align the angular positioning hole of the part and install it onto the angular pin to ensure that the end face of the part and the left end face of the base fit tightly without gaps. S2. Adjust the axial position of the measuring rod in the support block, and visually observe whether the top of the measuring rod can be completely inserted into the measured hole of the part. S3. If the tip of the measuring rod cannot be fully inserted into the hole being measured, adjust the position of the measuring rod multiple times. If the tip of the measuring rod still cannot be fully inserted into the hole being measured, it can be determined that the part does not meet the requirements of the drawing.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention is unaffected by the surface condition of the part, the accuracy of the instrument, and the skill level of the inspector, effectively avoiding the problem of distorted test results and ensuring the reliability of the test results. It eliminates tedious steps such as instrument calibration, part alignment, establishing a measurement coordinate system, and point-by-point sampling and calculation. The three-dimensional position of the hole in the part can be detected simply by judging the pass / stop of the measuring rod. The operation is simple, reduces labor intensity, significantly improves the detection efficiency, and can meet the detection needs of mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 View from direction A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the angular pin structure; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Side view. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] A three-dimensional position geometric plate detection device for a part hole includes a base 1 for mounting and positioning the part to be measured and serving as the reference base for the entire detection device; a first bushing 2 that mates with the centering shaft of the part to be measured and is fixedly installed in the centering hole of the base 1 to restrict the part's X and Y direction degrees of freedom of movement; an angular pin 3 that mates with the angular positioning hole of the part to be measured and is fixedly installed in the mounting hole of the base 1 to restrict the part's rotational degree of freedom; a support block 6 with an irregular geometric structure fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 1 to provide a measurement reference; and a measuring rod 5 installed in the mounting hole of the support block 6 with its axis coinciding with the theoretical three-dimensional axis of the hole to be measured for detecting the three-dimensional position of the hole in the part to be measured.

[0015] The base 1 is placed on the testing platform, serving as the reference foundation for the entire testing device. The base 1 has a centering hole, within which a first bushing 2 is installed to mount and fix the centering shaft of the part, restricting the part's X and Y direction degrees of freedom of movement. The side surface of the base 1 has mounting holes, within which an angular pin 3 is installed to insert into the part's angular positioning hole, restricting the part's rotational degree of freedom. The left side surface of the base 1 is the part's axial positioning surface, used to tightly fit against the end face of the part being tested, restricting the part's Z direction degree of freedom of movement.

[0016] With the cooperation of the above three positioning structures, all spatial degrees of freedom of the measured part are completely restricted, and its position completely coincides with the theoretical position specified in the drawing.

[0017] The upper surface of the base 1 is fixedly connected to the support block 6 by screws 7 and cylindrical pins 8. The cylindrical pins 8 are used to ensure the relative positional accuracy between the support block 6 and the base 1 and to prevent the support block from shifting. The screws 7 are used to provide the connection and fastening force to ensure that the connection between the support block and the base is firm.

[0018] The support block 6 has an irregular geometric structure, and its shape, height, and tilt angle are precisely machined according to the theoretical three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured on the part being measured. The support block 6 is provided with a mounting hole, and the second bushing 4 is installed in the mounting hole; the measuring rod 5 slides through the second bushing 4, and the measuring rod 5 can only slide along the axial direction of the second bushing 4.

[0019] Through the precise geometry of the support block 6, the axis of the measuring rod 5 is strictly defined as the theoretical three-dimensional axis of the hole being measured, and its X, Y, Z positions and tilt angles are completely consistent with the requirements of the drawing. By ensuring the angle and horizontal and vertical height of the support block 6, and controlling the fitting clearance between the second bushing 4 and the measuring rod 5, it is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the part hole measurement.

[0020] Furthermore, the left side surface of the base 1 is provided with an axial positioning surface for restricting the Z-direction movement freedom of the part under test. The axial positioning surface is used to fit tightly with the end face of the part under test to achieve axial positioning.

[0021] Furthermore, the geometry and dimensions of the support block 6 are precisely machined according to the theoretical three-dimensional position of the measured hole of the measured part, in order to ensure the horizontal position, vertical position and angular accuracy of the axis of the measuring rod 5.

[0022] Furthermore, the diameter of the measuring rod 5 is matched with the diameter of the hole to be measured in the part being measured. By adjusting the axial position of the measuring rod 5 within the support block 6, it is used to determine whether the three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured in the part being measured meets the requirements of the drawing.

[0023] The present invention discloses a detection method for a three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device for holes in parts, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Assemble the centering shaft of the part into the centering hole of the first bushing 2, and at the same time align the angular positioning hole of the part and install it onto the angular pin 3 to ensure that the end face of the part is tightly fitted with the left end face of the base 1 without gap, thus completing the complete positioning of the part. S2. Adjust the axial position of the measuring rod 5 in the support block 6, and visually observe whether the top end of the measuring rod 5 can be completely inserted into the measured hole of the part. Since the axis of the measuring rod 5 is completely coincident with the theoretical axis of the hole being measured, the measuring rod 5 can only be fully inserted into the hole being measured when the actual three-dimensional position of the hole being measured (the linear position in the three directions of X / Y / Z and the axis tilt angle) all meet the requirements of the drawing. If the hole being measured deviates in any direction, the head of the measuring rod 5 will be pressed against the edge of the hole and will not be able to enter completely.

[0024] S3. If the tip of the measuring rod 5 only enters part of the hole being measured in the part and cannot enter the hole completely, it does not mean that the size of the part meets the requirements of the drawing. The position of the measuring rod 5 should be adjusted multiple times. If the tip of the measuring rod 5 still cannot enter the hole being measured in the part, it can be determined that the part does not meet the requirements of the drawing.

[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the three-dimensional position geometry of holes in a part, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1) for mounting and positioning the part to be measured and serving as the reference base for the entire testing device; a first bushing (2) that mates with the centering shaft of the part to be measured and is fixedly installed in the centering hole of the base (1) to restrict the part's X and Y direction degrees of freedom of movement; an angular pin (3) that mates with the angular positioning hole of the part to be measured and is fixedly installed in the mounting hole of the base (1) to restrict the part's rotational degrees of freedom; a support block (6) with an irregular geometric structure that is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base (1) to provide a measurement reference; and a measuring rod (5) that is installed in the mounting hole of the support block (6) and whose axis coincides with the theoretical three-dimensional axis of the hole to be measured for detecting the three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured in the part to be measured.

2. The part hole three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side surface of the base (1) is provided with a part axial positioning surface for restricting the Z-direction movement freedom of the part under test. The part axial positioning surface is used to fit tightly with the end face of the part under test to achieve axial positioning.

3. The part hole three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geometry and dimensions of the support block (6) are machined according to the theoretical three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured in the part being measured, in order to ensure the horizontal position, vertical position and angular accuracy of the axis of the measuring rod (5).

4. The part hole three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the measuring rod (5) is matched with the diameter of the hole to be measured in the part being measured. By adjusting the axial position of the measuring rod (5) in the support block (6), it is used to determine whether the three-dimensional position of the hole to be measured in the part being measured meets the requirements of the drawing.

5. A detection method for a three-dimensional position geometry plate detection device for part holes according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Assemble the centering shaft of the part into the centering hole of the first bushing (2), and at the same time align the angular positioning hole of the part and install it onto the angular pin (3) to ensure that the end face of the part is tightly fitted with the left end face of the base (1) without gaps. S2. Adjust the axial position of the measuring rod (5) in the support block (6) and visually observe whether the top end of the measuring rod (5) can be fully inserted into the measured hole of the part. S3. If the top of the measuring rod (5) cannot be fully inserted into the hole to be measured, the position of the measuring rod (5) is adjusted multiple times. If the top of the measuring rod (5) still cannot be fully inserted into the hole to be measured, it can be determined that the part does not meet the requirements of the drawing.

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