Wall surface type height reference transmission device and wall surface type height reference transmission method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of engineering surveying, and provides a wall type height reference transmission device, which comprises a base provided with a horizontal alignment indication part; the base is connected with a support member extending outward, and the other end of the support member is provided with a support tip; in the state that the base is fixed to the wall surface of a structure to be observed, the orthographic projection of the support tip on the plane where the base is located coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indication part, and the support tip and the horizontal alignment indication part are located on the same horizontal plane. The base is used for lossless fixation of the wall surface of the structure to be observed, and the specific spatial geometric relationship between the horizontal alignment indication part and the support tip is used for accurate height offset transmission of a horizontal reference line on the wall surface of the structure to be observed to the support tip, so that a support point for supporting a surveying tool is provided under the premise of not damaging the structure, the support point is stable and high in precision, and is convenient and reusable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering surveying, specifically to a wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer device and a wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, during engineering construction, it is often necessary to monitor the settlement of surrounding disturbed structures. Conventional settlement monitoring typically involves drilling holes in the existing structure and embedding settlement monitoring pins. This method has significant drawbacks: firstly, drilling damages the integrity of the structure, easily harming the main reinforcing bars or widening cracks, increasing potential quality issues; secondly, drilling and pin embedding are difficult and labor-intensive due to site conditions and power limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can stably, accurately, and conveniently establish elevation measurement benchmarks without damaging the structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of existing technologies that damage the integrity of structures and are limited by environmental and power supply constraints, this application achieves non-destructive fixation of the structure to be observed and accurate offset transfer of the elevation benchmark through a wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer device and method, thereby enabling convenient and reusable settlement observation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device is used to transfer an elevation reference from the wall of a structure to be observed outward and form a support point for supporting measuring tools, comprising: A base, the base being configured to be detachably fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed; A horizontal alignment indicator is disposed on the base, and the horizontal alignment indicator is used to align with the horizontal reference line on the wall surface of the structure to be observed; An outwardly extending support member, one end of which is connected to the base, and the other end of which is provided with a support tip for supporting a measuring tool; Wherein, when the base is fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed, the orthographic projection of the support tip on the plane of the base coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator, and the support tip and the horizontal alignment indicator are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0005] The above solution achieves non-destructive fixation of the wall of the structure to be observed through the base, and utilizes the specific spatial geometric relationship between the horizontal alignment indicator and the support tip to accurately offset and transfer the horizontal baseline elevation on the wall of the structure to be observed to the support tip, thus providing a stable and high-precision support point for the measuring tool without damaging the structure.

[0006] Preferably, the horizontal alignment indicator includes at least two alignment marks, which are symmetrically arranged on the base about a reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator. This preferred embodiment, through the symmetrical arrangement of the alignment marks, allows the user to quickly and intuitively align the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator with the horizontal reference line on the wall of the structure to be observed, ensuring that the starting reference for elevation transfer does not experience tilting deviation.

[0007] Preferably, the alignment marks are triangular markers, each having an angle pointing towards the wall of the structure to be observed. This preferred solution, through directional triangular markers, further improves the accuracy and efficiency of aiming and alignment, and reduces human alignment errors.

[0008] Preferably, the support member includes a first extension and a second extension. The first extension extends from the base in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the structure to be observed, and the second extension extends from the end of the first extension away from the base in a direction parallel to the wall of the structure to be observed. The support tip is located at the end of the second extension away from the first extension. This preferred solution, through the combined path of the first and second extensions, allows the support tip to extend outward, avoiding the base body, providing sufficient physical space for the measuring tool's ruler, while ensuring that the projection of the support tip coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator.

[0009] Preferably, the support tip is a square pyramid shape; the first extension section is provided with an abutment structure, which abuts against the wall of the structure to be observed after the base is fixed to the wall to provide support for the support member. This preferred solution provides a precise positioning support point for the measuring ruler through the square pyramid tip; while the abutment structure abuts against the wall when the device is fixed and under force, forming a stable triangular support structure, effectively preventing the support member from deforming when bearing the weight of the measuring ruler, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the observation results.

[0010] Preferably, the abutment structure is a protrusion located on the side of the first extension section opposite to the support tip. This protrusion is configured to abut against the wall of the structure to be observed after the base is fixed to the wall. This preferred solution, with its protrusion on the side opposite to the support tip, precisely abuts against the wall of the structure to be observed after the device is fixed. Together with the wall fixing point of the base and the support tip, it forms a stable triangular mechanical support system, eliminating the downward bending deformation space of the support component from a mechanical perspective.

[0011] Preferably, the base is a negative pressure adsorption assembly, which includes a deformable adsorption disk and fasteners. The fasteners, in conjunction with the deformable adsorption disk, generate negative pressure to adsorb the base onto the wall surface of the structure to be observed. This preferred solution, through negative pressure adsorption, allows the device to firmly adhere to the wall surface of the structure to be observed, and the adsorption and release operations are simple, improving the device's on-site applicability and reusability.

[0012] Preferably, the fastener is a fastening knob, and the deformable adsorption disk is equipped with an adjusting rod. The fastening knob is threadedly connected to the adjusting rod. By turning the fastening knob, the adjusting rod causes the deformable adsorption disk to deform, generating negative pressure. This preferred solution compresses the adsorption disk through a threaded engagement mechanism, converting mechanical force into a stable negative pressure adsorption force, ensuring the stability of the device in operation. At the same time, the adjusting rod enhances the structural strength of the connection.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer method, comprising: Mark observation points on the wall of the structure to be observed and draw a horizontal baseline based on the observation points; The base of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device is detachably fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed, and the horizontal alignment indicator of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device is aligned with the horizontal reference line. The measuring tool is placed on the support tip of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device for elevation observation; Release the base from its fixed position relative to the wall of the structure to be observed in order to retrieve the device.

[0014] The above solution completely avoids the destructive operation of drilling holes and embedding nails in the structure by using wall markings and fixed devices, thus achieving non-destructive, convenient and reusable settlement monitoring.

[0015] Preferably, marking observation points on the wall of the structure to be observed and drawing a horizontal baseline based on the observation points includes: cleaning the wall of the structure to be observed and drawing a horizontal baseline with a length greater than a preset threshold centered on the observation points; detachably fixing the base of the wall-type elevation reference transfer device to the wall of the structure to be observed includes: aligning the horizontal alignment indicator with the horizontal baseline and tightening the fastening knob to generate negative pressure adsorption on the deformable adsorption plate; placing the measuring tool on the support tip of the wall-type elevation reference transfer device for elevation observation includes: keeping the observation ruler vertical on the four-sided pyramidal support tip for leveling measurement; and releasing the fixed state of the base relative to the wall of the structure to be observed to retrieve the device includes: loosening the fastening knob to release negative pressure and remove the device. This preferred solution refines the entire process operation steps from preparation, installation, observation to retrieval, clarifies the specific implementation methods of each key action, and ensures the standardization of the measurement process and the reliability of the measurement results.

[0016] Beneficial effects: 1. Achieve non-destructive observation of structures: The base replaces the traditional drilling and nailing method, which does not damage the surface integrity of the structure to be observed, completely eliminating the quality risks of damaging the main reinforcement or expanding cracks, and also getting rid of the limitation of temporary on-site power supply.

[0017] 2. Ensure the accuracy of elevation transfer: By precisely aligning the horizontal alignment indicator with the horizontal baseline on the wall of the structure to be observed, and combining the geometric constraint that the support tip and the indicator are on the same horizontal plane and the orthographic projection on the plane of the base coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator, the wall reference elevation is transferred to the external support point without deviation, ensuring the consistency and reproducibility of the observation reference.

[0018] 3. Enhanced observation stability: The abutting structure on the supporting component abuts against the wall when the device is under stress, forming a stable triangular support mechanical structure, which effectively resists the deformation tendency of the supporting component when bearing the measuring tool, and avoids observation errors caused by device deformation.

[0019] 4. Improved operational efficiency and convenience: The device is lightweight and can be quickly fixed and released by tightening and loosening the fastening knob. It is simple and quick to operate and can be reused multiple times, which greatly improves the efficiency of daily settlement monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 The diagram shows the state of the measuring tool supported by the support tip when the wall-type elevation reference transfer device mentioned in one embodiment of this application is adsorbed onto the wall to be observed.

[0021] Figure 2A perspective view of a wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device mentioned in one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 A side view of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device mentioned in one embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 4 A side view of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device mentioned in one embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the deformable adsorption disk, horizontal alignment indicator, adjustment rod, and limiting post mentioned in one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the fastening knob mentioned in one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0026] Figure 7 A flowchart of a wall-based elevation benchmark transfer method mentioned in one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0027] The components include: 1. base; 2. deformable adsorption plate; 3. adjusting rod; 4. fastening knob; 5. horizontal alignment indicator; 6. support component; 7. support tip; 8. arc-shaped arch; and 9. limiting post. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device. The core objective of this device is to transfer the horizontal reference line elevation on the wall of the structure to be observed outwards without damage to the wall surface, providing a stable physical support point for external measuring tools. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device includes a base 1, which is provided with a horizontal alignment indicator 5; the base 1 is connected to an outwardly extending support member 6, and the other end of the support member 6 is provided with a support tip 7.

[0032] Specifically, the base 1 is the fundamental carrier for establishing a non-destructive connection between the entire device and the wall surface. The term "base" as used in this application refers to any base structure capable of forming a temporary, fixed connection with the wall surface of the structure to be observed through non-destructive physical forces. For example, the base 1 can be a negative pressure adsorption plate that uses air pressure difference for fixation, a permanent magnet adsorption base that uses magnetic attraction for fixation (particularly suitable for steel walls), or an electrostatic adsorption plate that uses electrostatic adsorption force for fixation. It should be understood that any method that can achieve non-destructive and releasable wall fixation falls within the scope of this broader concept, and is not limited to a specific physical adsorption principle.

[0033] A horizontal alignment indicator 5 is mounted on the base 1, serving as a reference for visual or tactile alignment of the device with a manually marked horizontal baseline on the wall. A support member 6 extends outward from the base 1, its extension path avoiding the operating space of the base body, and transmits the elevation reference outward to the support tip 7. The support tip 7, as the final physical contact point for supporting measuring tools (such as a leveling rod), must be subject to strict geometric constraints in its spatial position.

[0034] In this embodiment, with the base 1 fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed, the orthographic projection of the support tip 7 onto the plane of the base 1 coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5, and the support tip 7 and the horizontal alignment indicator 5 are located on the same horizontal plane. This geometric constraint is the core mechanism for achieving accurate elevation offset transfer in this invention. From a mechanical and measurement perspective, the coincidence of the orthographic projections ensures that no lateral displacement error occurs during the outward offset transfer of elevation, that is, the elevation reference point represented by the support tip 7 corresponds strictly in space to the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5 on the wall; the same horizontal plane ensures that no vertical height difference error occurs during the elevation transfer, that is, the absolute elevation of the support tip 7 is completely consistent with the elevation of the horizontal reference line on the wall of the structure to be observed aligned with the horizontal alignment indicator 5. Through the above dual geometric constraints, the device successfully and without loss transforms the horizontal reference line mark on the two-dimensional plane of the wall into an offset reference point in three-dimensional space that can be directly observed by measuring tools.

[0035] It should be understood that the aforementioned core geometric relationship and its resulting accurate elevation transfer effect do not depend on the specific fixing method or the specific configuration of the support component. For example, although the negative pressure adsorption method and the J-shaped support component configuration are preferred in subsequent embodiments, magnetic or electrostatic adsorption methods can also be used to establish a fixed foundation that satisfies the geometric constraints in other embodiments. Similarly, the support component 6 can also adopt other configurations such as L-shaped, U-shaped, or oblique straight arm, as long as the support tip 7 formed by its converging ends spatially satisfies the constraint condition that "its orthographic projection on the plane where the base 1 is located coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5, and is located on the same horizontal plane as the horizontal alignment indicator 5," thus achieving accurate establishment and transfer of the elevation reference. This embodiment is merely illustrative and not restrictive, and aims to establish the broadest possible perimeter of defense.

[0036] Example 2:

[0037] Based on Example 1, this example further defines the specific implementation of the base 1. The base 1 is a negative pressure adsorption component, such as... Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the negative pressure adsorption assembly includes a deformable adsorption disk 2 and fasteners. Specifically, this embodiment uses negative pressure adsorption to allow the device to firmly adhere to the wall surface of the structure to be observed, and the adsorption and release operations are simple, improving the device's on-site applicability and reusability. It should be understood that although this embodiment preferably uses a negative pressure adsorption assembly as the specific landing form of the base 1, the specific form of the fastener is not limited to the knob structure described below. In other embodiments, the fastener can also be any mechanical component that can provide downward pressure, such as a bolt, clip, or pressure plate, as long as it can drive the deformable adsorption disk 2 to deform and form negative pressure.

[0038] Furthermore, the fastener is a fastening knob 4, and the deformable adsorption disk 2 is equipped with an adjusting rod 3. The fastening knob 4 is threadedly connected to the adjusting rod 3. By turning the fastening knob 4, the adjusting rod 3 causes the deformable adsorption disk 2 to deform, generating negative pressure. This threaded engagement mechanism is the core dynamic execution module for achieving non-destructive adsorption in this embodiment. From the operation process, when the operator turns the fastening knob 4 clockwise, the fastening knob 4 moves downward along the thread of the adjusting rod 3, continuously pressing down on the upper hard area of ​​the deformable adsorption disk 2. At this time, the soft part at the bottom of the deformable adsorption disk 2 undergoes axial compression and radial expansion under the action of axial pressure. Its edges unfold outward and tightly adhere to the wall surface of the structure to be observed, while simultaneously expelling or compressing the internal air between the disk and the wall surface, thereby forming a stable negative pressure cavity in the central area of ​​the disk, achieving firm adsorption by the device.

[0039] Here, it is important to explain why a manual mechanical compression method is used instead of an electric vacuum pump. In actual engineering surveying sites, especially around foundation pit excavation or initial structure construction, reliable temporary power interfaces are often lacking. Electric pumps are not only limited by power supply but are also bulky and expensive. This embodiment uses a manual mechanical compression method with a threaded connection between the fastening knob 4 and the adjusting rod 3, completely eliminating on-site power limitations and solving the pain points of traditional drilling for power connections. Operators only need to manually turn the knob to instantly establish a stable suction force, greatly improving the portability and response speed of on-site operations.

[0040] Meanwhile, the material properties of the deformable adsorption disk 2 are also a key microscopic mechanism for ensuring the reliability of negative pressure adsorption. In this embodiment, the deformable adsorption disk 2 adopts a soft-hard transition material structure. Its bottom is made of soft rubber to ensure flexible adhesion and edge sealing with the rough wall surface, while the upper part is made of hard rubber to bear and transmit the pressure of the fastening knob 4. The adjustment rod 3 further strengthens the structure and prevents local tearing of the threaded connection area under stress. If the disk body is made entirely of soft material, it is very easy for the disk body to collapse inward under the action of air pressure difference after negative pressure is formed, causing the edge seal to fail instantly and fall off. The soft-hard transition design maintains the overall skeletal rigidity of the disk body through the upper hard area, while the bottom soft area is only responsible for sealing and adhesion. The two work together to fundamentally prevent the risk of the disk body collapsing under negative pressure and losing its seal, thus ensuring the adsorption stability during long-term observation.

[0041] Example 3:

[0042] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further defines the specific shape and arrangement of the horizontal alignment indicator 5. The horizontal alignment indicator 5 includes at least two alignment marks, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the at least two alignment marks are symmetrically arranged on the base 1 about the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5. This symmetrical arrangement is not an arbitrary choice, but rather has a strict geometric necessity. During the measurement alignment process, only when the symmetrically arranged alignment marks simultaneously and precisely align with the horizontal reference line drawn on the wall of the structure to be observed can the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5 be geometrically guaranteed to be exactly on that horizontal reference line. If the marks are not symmetrically arranged or only a single mark is set, the operator is very likely to tilt the base due to the viewing angle deviation during aiming, thereby introducing tilt alignment error, causing the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5 to deviate from the true horizontal reference line elevation. The symmetrical arrangement fundamentally eliminates this tilt alignment error, ensuring the absolute levelness and accuracy of the elevation offset transfer starting point.

[0043] Furthermore, the alignment marks are triangular markers, each with an angle pointing towards the wall of the structure to be observed. The shape of the marks in this embodiment was also carefully considered through engineering, rather than being a random decorative design. Using equilateral triangles with the apex pointing towards the wall of the structure not only indicates the horizontal position but also constrains vertical alignment through the direction of the apex. The apex pointing towards the wall acts like an arrow, forcing the operator to accurately point the apex at the horizontal baseline. This directional guidance effectively prevents the device from tilting during installation. If only circles or horizontal lines are used as markers, although they can also indicate the horizontal position, they lack vertical constraint, and the device is prone to slight rotational shifts in the circumferential or vertical direction that are not easily detected. As an example, the triangular markers in this embodiment are preferably red triangular markers, equilateral triangles with sides of approximately 4mm, to ensure the sharpness of the apex and the accuracy of the direction; red has the highest visual contrast against the dark background of concrete or mud-covered surfaces at the construction site, maximizing the attraction of the operator's attention and significantly reducing the time spent on alignment. It should be understood that while red is the preferred option, fluorescent yellow or high-contrast black and white stripes are equivalent alternatives to the alignment mark color in other special working conditions. Furthermore, the mark protrudes approximately 0.2mm from the base surface. This slight protrusion provides operators with the possibility of tactile positioning when visibility is poor; the mark's position can be perceived simply by running a finger along the edge of the base, further improving the fault tolerance and convenience of on-site operation. The above descriptions of color, shape, and size are illustrative only and not restrictive, intended to illustrate the underlying functional logic and preferred implementation path of the alignment mark of this invention.

[0044] Example 4:

[0045] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further defines the specific configuration of the outwardly extending support member 6 and its associated anti-deformation and anti-rotation structures. The support member 6 includes a first extension section and a second extension section, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the first extension segment extends from the base 1 in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the structure to be observed, and the second extension segment extends from the end of the first extension segment away from the base 1 in a direction parallel to the wall of the structure to be observed. The support tip 7 is located at the end of the second extension segment away from the first extension segment. This extension path is not an arbitrary choice of form, but a necessary design based on the on-site operating space and the logic of elevation transfer. Specifically, operating components such as fastening knobs 4 are usually arranged above the base 1. If the support component extends directly upward, it will seriously interfere with the operator's turning action. The first extension segment extends from the base in a direction perpendicular to the wall, cleverly avoiding the operating space above. The second extension segment extends in a direction parallel to the wall, so that the support tip 7 can be located exactly above the orthographic projection of the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5 on the plane where the base is located, thereby realizing the lossless transfer of elevation outward and upward. It should be understood that although the J-shaped configuration of the first extension segment and the second extension segment is the preferred path in this embodiment, in other embodiments, a U-shaped or oblique straight arm configuration is adopted, as long as the end convergence point satisfies the core geometric constraint that the orthographic projection of the support tip 7 on the plane of the base 1 coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5 and is located on the same horizontal plane as the horizontal alignment indicator 5, it also falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0046] Furthermore, the supporting tip 7 is a square pyramid shape; the first extension section is provided with an abutment structure, which is used to abut against the wall of the structure to be observed after the base 1 is fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed, thereby providing support for the supporting member 6. In leveling operations, the observation rod needs to be kept absolutely vertical to read accurate elevations. The square pyramid tip design provides a unique and stable vertical mounting point for the bottom of the observation rod. The apex of the pyramid restricts any slippage of the observation rod in the horizontal plane, while the side edges of the square pyramid provide visual and physical auxiliary alignment references for fine-tuning the verticality of the rod bottom, effectively preventing reading errors caused by slippage or tilting of the rod bottom.

[0047] More importantly, the abutment structure is a protrusion located on the side of the first extension section opposite to the support tip 7. This protrusion is configured to abut against the wall of the structure to be observed after the base 1 is fixed to the wall. This protrusion (preferably an arc-shaped arch 8 in this embodiment) is the core inventive structure of this invention for preventing cantilever deformation and ensuring observation accuracy. When the device is fixed under force and the observation ruler is standing on the support tip 7, the support member 6 has a tendency to bend downwards under the weight of the ruler and external forces. If deformation occurs, the spatial position of the support tip 7 will drop accordingly, directly causing a vertical deviation in elevation transmission. At this time, the arc-shaped arch 8 located on the side of the first extension section opposite to the support tip 7 precisely abuts against the wall of the structure to be observed, and together with the wall fixing point of the base 1 and the support tip 7, they form a stable triangular mechanical support system. This triangular support system transforms the original cantilever stress state into a simply supported beam stress state supported at both ends, completely eliminating the downward bending deformation space of the support member and eradicating the source of cantilever deformation error from a mechanical mechanism perspective. To more clearly illustrate the irreplaceable nature of the arc-shaped arch 8, a comparative example is introduced: If the arch thickness is too thin, for example, only 1mm, the rigid counterforce it provides will be negligible. Under stress, the arch itself will first undergo compression deformation, and the supporting components will still deflect significantly. If the arch thickness is too thick, for example, reaching 10mm, it will result in a bulky overall device size. During installation, the arc-shaped arch 8 will prematurely contact the wall, preventing the deformable adsorption plate 2 from effectively compressing and adhering to the wall surface, and thus preventing the formation of a negative pressure cavity. Therefore, the shape and thickness of the arch must match the overall rigidity of the device to achieve optimal contact without interfering with adsorption.

[0048] Finally, a limiting post 9 and a limiting groove (not shown in the figure) are provided between the base 1 and the supporting member 6 to prevent relative rotation. During dynamic operation, especially when the operator tightens the fastening knob 4 clockwise to generate negative pressure, the rotational torque generated by the thread engagement will be transmitted to the entire base assembly through the adjusting rod 3. If there is no circumferential constraint between the base 1 and the supporting member 6, the supporting member 6 is very likely to rotate relative to the base under the driving force of the tightening force. Once rotation occurs, the supporting tip 7 will deviate from the orthogonal projection position of the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5 on the plane where the base is located, and the coplanar coincidence relationship between the horizontal alignment indicator 5 and the supporting tip 7 will also be destroyed, and the previously established accurate geometric reference will instantly become invalid. The cooperation between the limiting post 9 and the limiting groove locks the rotational degree of freedom between the two during the assembly stage, allowing only axial pressing displacement, thereby ensuring the stability and reproducibility of the core geometric accuracy under tightening operation and stress conditions.

[0049] Example 5:

[0050] Based on the aforementioned embodiments 2 to 4, this embodiment further demonstrates the irreplaceability of the core parameters and structure through the explanation of counterexamples and equivalent alternatives, and defensively expands the protection network to prevent infringers from circumventing it through subtle modifications.

[0051] First, regarding the thickness parameter of the arc-shaped arch 8. The arch thickness is 3mm, consistent with the thickness of the disk body. This parameter is not arbitrarily chosen, but rather the optimal balance point determined through rigorous mechanical deduction. To demonstrate its irreplaceability, two sets of comparative examples are introduced for reverse argumentation: assuming the arc-shaped arch 8 is too thin, for example, only 1mm, when the observation ruler is placed on the support tip 7 and the device is subjected to a downward force, this thin arch cannot provide sufficient rigidity and will undergo compression deformation first. The support component 6 will still experience significant downward bending, leading to a decrease in the elevation of the support tip 7, thus introducing unacceptable vertical observation errors. Conversely, assuming the arc-shaped arch 8 is too thick, for example, reaching 10mm, it will result in a bulky overall device size. During the installation and adsorption stage, the arc-shaped arch 8 will prematurely contact the wall of the receiving structure, preventing the deformable adsorption disk 2 from obtaining sufficient compression stroke to adhere to the wall. The negative pressure cavity cannot be effectively formed, and the device cannot achieve stable adsorption at all. Therefore, the thickness of the arch must be matched with the overall rigidity of the device and the compression stroke of the adsorption plate, so that it can just form a contact without interfering with adsorption. 3mm is the concrete embodiment of this mechanical balance.

[0052] Secondly, regarding the fixing method of base 1. Although the specific implementation of the negative pressure adsorption component is preferred and described in detail in Embodiment 2, it should be clear that, based on the same inventive concept, the implementation of base 1 is by no means limited to negative pressure adsorption. For example, in observation scenarios on steel walls (such as steel bridge piers and steel structure factory buildings), using a permanent magnet adsorption base as base 1 can also achieve a non-destructive and releasable wall fixing function without any mechanical compression operation, and the adsorption is more instantaneous; as well as in specific indoor or laboratory scenarios, using an electrostatic adsorption plate is also an equivalent alternative to base 1. As long as these alternative methods can provide a stable and non-destructive wall fixing foundation for the device, and cooperate with the horizontal alignment indicator 5 and the support tip 7 to meet the core geometric constraint relationship, they all fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0053] Finally, regarding the shape and configuration of the support member 6, a J-shaped support member is preferred in Embodiment 4, based on a comprehensive consideration of avoiding operating space and upward elevation transfer. However, the J-shape is only a preferred form for achieving this geometric path, not the only form. For example, a U-shaped support member can be used, which extends downward from the base, transitions through a bottom arc, and then bends upward, similarly avoiding the upper operating space and converging to form the support tip 7; or, for example, a slanted straight arm can be used, as long as its tilt angle and length are precisely calculated so that the end convergence point strictly satisfies the core geometric constraint that the orthographic projection of the support tip 7 on the plane of the base 1 coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5, and that the support tip 7 and the horizontal alignment indicator 5 are located on the same horizontal plane, thus achieving lossless elevation offset transfer, which also falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0054] The above explanation of the proportions and equivalent alternatives is only to illustrate the rigor and universality of the core parameters and underlying logic of this invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any obvious morphological deformations or adsorption method substitutions made by those skilled in the art after understanding the core geometric constraints and mechanical mechanisms of the precise elevation offset transfer of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0055] Example 6:

[0056] This embodiment provides a method for transferring wall-mounted elevation benchmarks. For example... Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment is a method flow corresponding to the aforementioned wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer device embodiment, focusing on timing logic and action continuity, and macroscopically demonstrating the non-destructive observation closed loop from marking to retrieval.

[0057] The method includes the following steps: Step S100: Mark observation points on the wall surface of the structure to be observed and draw a horizontal baseline using these observation points as a reference. Specifically, this step is the starting point and prerequisite for the entire non-destructive observation process. In traditional destructive observation, holes are often drilled and nails are embedded directly into the wall surface. This method completely abandons this destructive action, using only non-destructive marking methods (such as using paint that is not easy to peel off, waterproof and sunproof) to record the position of the observation points on the wall surface, and then drawing a horizontal baseline centered on these points. This horizontal baseline serves as the visual reference for subsequent device alignment. Without the precise marking and drawing of the horizontal baseline in step S100, subsequent device alignment will lack a reference object, and accurate elevation transfer will be impossible. It should be understood that the tool for drawing the horizontal baseline can be a conventional spirit level or a high-precision laser level, as long as it can form a clear and realistic horizontal baseline on the wall surface.

[0058] Step S200 involves detachably fixing the base of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device to the wall surface of the structure to be observed, and aligning the horizontal alignment indicator of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device with the horizontal reference line. Specifically, this step is the key action to transform the two-dimensional wall reference established in step S100 into a three-dimensional spatial offset reference. The operator places the device against the wall surface and adjusts the device's posture by observing the alignment of the horizontal alignment indicator (e.g., the triangular marker in the aforementioned embodiment) with the horizontal reference line drawn in step S100. When the alignment indicator precisely aligns with the horizontal reference line, it means that the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator is at the actual horizontal elevation, at which point the base is fixed to the wall surface. This precise alignment and fixing action is the fundamental guarantee of elevation consistency in step S300. Only when the alignment is perfect, and the geometric relationship is such that the internal support tip and the alignment indicator are on the same horizontal plane, and the orthographic projection of the tip on the plane of the base coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator, can we ensure that the elevation represented by the support tip is completely consistent with the horizontal reference line elevation on the wall of the structure to be observed, without any lateral displacement or vertical height difference error. The fixing method can be manual tightening to generate negative pressure as described in the previous embodiment, or it can be magnetic or electrostatic adsorption, as long as it achieves non-destructive and stable wall fixation.

[0059] In step S300, the measuring tool is placed on the support tip of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device for elevation observation. Specifically, after the device is precisely aligned and securely fixed in step S200, the support tip has established a physical support point in space that perfectly matches the elevation of the horizontal reference line on the wall of the structure to be observed. This step utilizes this support point to gently place the bottom surface of a conventional measuring tool (such as a leveling rod) on the support tip, keeping the rod vertical, and then taking readings using external observation equipment such as a level. Because the geometric position of the support tip is strictly constrained, and the device's anti-deformation structure (such as an arched camber) ensures that the tip does not deflect downwards under stress, the elevation reflected by the measuring tool is the true elevation of the wall observation point, achieving lossless and accurate outward offset transmission and observation of elevation.

[0060] Step S400: Release the base from the wall of the structure to be observed to retrieve the device. Specifically, after observation, the operator can easily remove the device from the wall by releasing the fixation (e.g., loosening the fastening knob counterclockwise to release negative pressure, or disengaging the magnetic attraction). This step not only achieves device reusability and reduces the cost of long-term monitoring, but more importantly, after removing the device, the wall of the structure to be observed only retains the paint mark left in step S100, without any physical damage, completely eliminating the quality risks of traditional drilling and nailing that could damage the main structural reinforcement or expand cracks. In subsequent retests, simply repeat the above four steps and align the device with the same paint mark again to achieve accurate reproduction of the elevation benchmark.

[0061] By executing the steps S100 to S400 sequentially, this embodiment establishes a non-destructive observation closed loop from marking, alignment and adsorption, observation to release and recovery. The logic is rigorous and the actions are coherent, completely eliminating the destructive actions of drilling and nailing, and realizing non-destructive, convenient and recyclable monitoring of structural elevation.

[0062] Example 9:

[0063] Based on the aforementioned Embodiment 6, this embodiment applies the abstract wall-type elevation benchmark transfer method to a real engineering environment. Taking the specific scenario of bridge piers being disturbed by foundation pit excavation and needing settlement observation as an example, it demonstrates in detail the operational effects and details of the technical solution in the actual environment.

[0064] Scenario: A bridge pier experiences geological disturbance due to excavation work in the surrounding foundation pit. The monitoring unit needs to conduct long-term settlement observations of the pier to assess its structural safety. Traditional methods require drilling holes and embedding nails in the concrete pier, which can damage the internal reinforcing bars and leave irreparable holes on the pier surface. The wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer method of this invention completely avoids these destructive operations.

[0065] The specific operating procedure is as follows: Step S101: Clean the wall surface of the structure to be observed and draw a horizontal baseline with a length greater than a preset threshold, centered on the observation point. Specifically, the operator must first clean the concrete wall surface of the pier column to ensure it is free of laitance, dust, and other impurities, thus guaranteeing the sealing of subsequent fixing. Then, use paint that is durable, waterproof, and sun-resistant to mark the settlement observation point on the wall surface. Using a spirit level as the center, draw a horizontal baseline. It is important to note that the horizontal baseline must be longer than 2.5cm on both sides. This preset threshold is not arbitrarily set but is derived from the visual alignment requirements of the horizontal alignment indicator 5: a 2.5cm extension ensures sufficient visual alignment space for the triangular marker when it aligns with the horizontal baseline, preventing the triangular tip from being suspended due to an excessively short line and thus eliminating alignment errors at the source.

[0066] In step S102, align the horizontal alignment indicator 5 with the horizontal baseline and tighten the locking knob 4 to create negative pressure adsorption on the deformable adsorption plate 2. Specifically, the operator places the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device against the pier wall and roughly aligns the center of the base 1's plate with the observation point marked on the paint. It should be understood that since the orthogonal projection of the support tip 7 on the plane of the base 1 coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator 5, even if there is a slight horizontal offset in the center alignment, as long as the projection of the support tip 7 falls within the tolerance range of the observation point, it will not have a substantial impact on the settlement observation results. Subsequently, adjust the device's posture so that the tips of the triangular marks on both sides are precisely aligned with the horizontal baseline drawn in step S101. After alignment, tighten the locking knob 4 clockwise. The locking knob 4 moves downward along the adjusting rod 3, compressing the deformable adsorption plate 2 axially and expanding radially, expelling internal air to form a stable negative pressure chamber, and the device is firmly adsorbed onto the pier wall. During the tightening process, the operator can visually observe that the soft edge of the disc is tightly attached to the wall surface, while the arc-shaped arch 8 on the back of the support component 6 exactly abuts against the pier wall, forming a stable triangular mechanical support together with the base adsorption point and the support tip 7, completely eliminating the deformation risk of cantilever deflection.

[0067] Step S103: The observation rod is placed vertically on the pyramidal support tip 7 for leveling measurement. Specifically, after the device is securely installed, the support tip 7 establishes a physical reference point in space that is completely consistent with the horizontal baseline of the pier wall. The operator gently places the bottom surface of the leveling rod on the pyramidal support tip 7. The vertices of the pyramid restrict the slippage of the rod bottom in the horizontal plane, while the side edges provide a reference for fine-tuning the verticality of the rod surface. After ensuring the rod surface is absolutely vertical, routine leveling measurements can be taken using an external leveling instrument. Due to the anti-deformation mechanism of the arched return 8, the tip position has no vertical displacement after being subjected to force. The elevation read at this time is the true elevation of the pier observation point, achieving lossless and accurate outward transmission of elevation.

[0068] Step S104: Loosen the fastening knob 4 to release the negative pressure and remove the device. Specifically, after a single observation is completed, the operator loosens the fastening knob 4 counterclockwise. The axial pressure on the deformable adsorption plate 2 is released, the negative pressure chamber is connected to the outside atmosphere, the edge of the plate returns to its original shape, and the negative pressure is released instantly. At this time, the device can be easily removed from the pier wall, completing the recovery. After removing the device, the concrete wall of the pier only retains the paint marks marked in step S101, without any drilling or physical damage, completely eliminating the quality risks of damaging the main reinforcement or expanding cracks by the traditional nail embedding method.

[0069] The engineering application scenario of this embodiment fully demonstrates the practical value of this method. In subsequent long-term settlement monitoring, monitoring personnel only need to carry this device and repeat the above four steps, aligning the device again with the same paint mark and horizontal baseline to achieve accurate reproduction of the elevation benchmark. The reusable nature of the device not only significantly reduces the cost of long-term monitoring but also enables the settlement monitoring of more structures to be completed per day, greatly improving on-site work efficiency. It should be understood that although this embodiment uses bridge piers as an example, this method is also applicable to non-destructive settlement observation of any straight-walled structure such as bridge abutments, dams, and buildings. The embodiment is for illustrative purposes only and not restrictive.

[0070] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, such as equivalent substitutions for the fixing method, morphological deformations of the support component configuration, or adaptive adjustments to the core parameters, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device, used to transfer an elevation reference from the wall of a structure to be observed outward and form a support point for supporting measuring tools, characterized in that, include: A base, the base being configured to be detachably fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed; A horizontal alignment indicator is disposed on the base, and the horizontal alignment indicator is used to align with the horizontal reference line on the wall surface of the structure to be observed; An outwardly extending support member, one end of which is connected to the base, and the other end of which is provided with a support tip for supporting a measuring tool; Wherein, when the base is fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed, the orthographic projection of the support tip on the plane of the base coincides with the reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator, and the support tip and the horizontal alignment indicator are located on the same horizontal plane.

2. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal alignment indicator includes at least two alignment marks, which are symmetrically arranged on the base about a reference position defined by the horizontal alignment indicator.

3. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alignment marks are triangular markers, each of which has an angle facing the wall of the structure to be observed.

4. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support member includes a first extension and a second extension. The first extension extends from the base in a direction perpendicular to the wall of the structure to be observed. The second extension extends from the end of the first extension away from the base in a direction parallel to the wall of the structure to be observed. The support tip is located at the end of the second extension away from the first extension.

5. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support tip is a four-sided pyramid shape; the first extension section is provided with an abutment structure, which is used to abut against the wall of the structure to be observed after the base is fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed in order to provide support for the support member.

6. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The abutting structure is a protrusion provided on the side of the first extension section opposite to the support tip, and the protrusion is configured to abut against the wall of the structure to be observed after the base is fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed.

7. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is a negative pressure adsorption assembly, which includes a deformable adsorption disk and fasteners. The fasteners cooperate with the deformable adsorption disk to generate negative pressure, adsorbing the base onto the wall of the structure to be observed.

8. The wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fastener is a fastening knob, and the deformable adsorption plate is provided with an adjustment rod. The fastening knob is threadedly connected to the adjustment rod. By turning the fastening knob, the adjustment rod causes the deformable adsorption plate to deform and generate negative pressure.

9. A method for transferring wall-mounted elevation benchmarks, characterized in that, include: Mark observation points on the wall of the structure to be observed and draw a horizontal baseline based on the observation points; The base of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device is detachably fixed to the wall of the structure to be observed, and the horizontal alignment indicator of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device is aligned with the horizontal reference line. The measuring tool is placed on the support tip of the wall-mounted elevation reference transfer device for elevation observation; Release the base from its fixed position relative to the wall of the structure to be observed in order to retrieve the device.

10. The wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step of marking observation points on the wall of the structure to be observed and drawing a horizontal baseline based on the observation points includes: cleaning the wall of the structure to be observed and drawing a horizontal baseline with a length greater than a preset threshold centered on the observation points. The method of detachably fixing the base of the wall-type elevation reference transfer device to the wall of the structure to be observed includes: aligning the horizontal alignment indicator with the horizontal reference line, and tightening the fastening knob to generate negative pressure adsorption on the deformable adsorption disk. The method of placing the measuring tool on the support tip of the wall-mounted elevation benchmark transfer device for elevation observation includes: placing the observation rod on the four-sided pyramidal support tip and keeping it vertical for leveling measurement; The method of releasing the base from the wall of the structure to be observed to retrieve the device includes: loosening the fastening knob to release negative pressure and remove the device.

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