An automatic measuring device for water conservancy dam foundation pit

Abstract

The application relates to the field of geographic information surveying and mapping, and discloses an automatic measurement device for a water conservancy dam foundation pit, which comprises a base box, an automatic leveling mechanism for leveling is arranged on the top of the base box, a fixing cylinder is supported on the base box through the automatic leveling mechanism, and a rotary lifting cylinder is movably arranged on the top of the fixing cylinder; a power distribution mechanism, a lifting difference measurement mechanism, a rotary tracking mechanism and a main control box are integrated in the fixing cylinder, a calibration mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the fixing cylinder, and a measurement mechanism is arranged on the top of the rotary lifting cylinder. The power distribution mechanism can selectively drive the lifting difference measurement mechanism and the rotary tracking mechanism, so that the measurement mechanism can synchronously obtain the horizontal distance and the vertical height difference between adjacent points, and then automatically perform a fixed-point measurement mode, thereby avoiding the complicated operation process of a traditional measurement device, shortening the single-point measurement time, improving the fixed-point measurement efficiency of the water conservancy dam foundation pit, and matching the high-frequency measurement requirement in the foundation pit excavation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geographic information surveying and mapping technology, specifically to an automated measurement device for the foundation pit of a hydraulic dam. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of geographic information mapping and construction of water conservancy dam projects, establishing a high-precision construction measurement control network is a core preliminary procedure. Whether it is topographic mapping and original cross-section point marking before construction, or real-time layout of the design outline, verification of the bottom design elevation, and dynamic calibration of the slope ratio during the excavation of the foundation pit, it is necessary to establish a stable spatial coordinate benchmark on multiple preset points within the foundation pit area and accurately calculate the horizontal distance and vertical height difference between adjacent points.

[0003] Currently, the point measurement work during the excavation of the foundation pit of water conservancy dam mainly relies on traditional optical measurement equipment such as total station and level. The existing technology has the following shortcomings: low degree of automation, low measurement efficiency, and difficulty in meeting the rapid measurement needs of the excavation process. Each measurement requires professional technicians to complete a series of manual operations such as setting up, leveling, aiming, reading, and recording, and single-point measurement takes a long time. Manual leveling and aiming are subject to operational errors, resulting in poor consistency in measurement accuracy. Leveling accuracy is greatly affected by operational experience, and it is impossible to deploy a fixed device at multiple locations for long-term coordinated measurement. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an automated measurement device for hydraulic dam foundation pits to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automated measurement device for hydraulic dam foundation pits, which solves the problems of low efficiency, poor accuracy, and limited functionality of manual measurement in existing technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an automated measuring device for the foundation pit of a hydraulic dam, comprising a base box, an automatic leveling mechanism for leveling is installed on the top of the base box, and a fixed cylinder is supported by the automatic leveling mechanism on the base box, and a rotating lifting cylinder is movably arranged on the top of the fixed cylinder. The fixed cylinder integrates a power diversion mechanism, a lifting and differential measurement mechanism, a rotation tracking mechanism, and a main control box. A calibration mechanism is installed on its outer wall, and a measuring mechanism is assembled on the top of the rotating lifting cylinder. The power splitting mechanism includes a linkage that is configured to selectively switch power transmission between the lifting differential measuring mechanism and the rotation tracking mechanism by means of axial displacement of the linkage. The linkage component includes a movable friction plate, and the lifting differential measuring mechanism and the rotating tracking mechanism are respectively provided with friction plate one and friction plate two; When the linkage moves, the moving friction plate disengages from the first friction plate and attaches to the second friction plate, which drives the measuring mechanism to switch between lifting and lowering differential measurement and rotational tracking actions.

[0006] Preferably, the automatic leveling mechanism includes a dual-axis tilt sensor, an electric push rod, a slider, an inclined block, an inclined column, a ball head, a ball shell, a connecting block, a limiting plate, and a slide groove; The dual-axis tilt sensor is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the fixed cylinder. The three slide grooves are equally spaced at the top of the base box. The three electric push rods are equally spaced at the inner top wall of the base box. The slider is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic rod of the electric push rod. The inclined block is fixedly connected to the top of the slider, and the slider is slidably disposed inside the slide groove. The limiting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the base box, and the inclined column is movably arranged inside the limiting plate. The limiting plate has a semi-circular structure. The inclined block is arranged at the opening of the limiting plate. The top of the inclined block abuts against the bottom of the inclined column. The ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the inclined column. The ball shell is movably wrapped around the outer wall of the ball head. The connecting block is fixedly installed between the ball shell and the fixed cylinder. The dual-axis tilt sensor is connected to the main control box via power and signal lines. The dual-axis tilt sensor detects tilt and transmits signals to control the electric push rod at the corresponding position, causing the inclined block to move and press the inclined column to rise or fall to the corresponding position, so as to level the top structure of the device.

[0007] Preferably, the power diversion mechanism includes a motor, a main gear, a moving gear, a transmission shaft, a positioning push rod, a first linkage component, a second linkage component, and a moving block; The motor is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder, and multiple fixed plates are installed inside the fixed cylinder. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the main gear through a coupling, and the main gear and the moving gear are meshed with each other. The thickness of the moving gear is greater than the thickness of the main gear, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the center of the moving gear. The positioning push rod is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder through a fixed plate, and one end of the telescopic rod of the positioning push rod is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the linkage component two. The linkage components are linkage component one and linkage component two, and linkage component one and linkage component two have the same internal structure. Moving blocks are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the linkage components, and the moving blocks are slidably disposed inside the fixed plate to restrict the horizontal movement of the linkage components.

[0008] Preferably, the linkage component one includes a movable friction plate, a connecting shaft, a helical gear one, and a helical gear two; The movable friction plate is coaxially and fixedly connected to the helical gear through the connecting shaft, and the first helical gear and the second helical gear are meshed with each other. The second helical gear is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft, and both the one end of the transmission shaft and the connecting shaft are bearing installed inside the housing of the first linkage component.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting and measuring mechanism further includes a limiting groove, a worm gear, a turbine, a rotating lead screw, a lead screw sleeve, a limiting sleeve, a fixing frame, a pull wire sensor, and a limiting block; The friction plate is coaxially arranged on one side of the movable friction plate, and the separation distance between the friction plate and the movable friction plate is less than the thickness of the movable gear. The worm gear is fixedly connected to one side of the friction plate. The bearing of the worm gear is installed inside the fixed plate. The turbine is meshed on one side of the worm gear. The rotating screw is fixedly connected inside the turbine. The rotating screw bearing is installed inside the fixed plate. The screw sleeve is threaded on the outside of the rotating screw. The limiting sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the screw sleeve. The top end of the screw sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the rotating lifting cylinder. The fixing frame is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the fixing cylinder, the limiting sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing frame, the pull wire sensor is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing frame, and the top end of the pull wire of the pull wire sensor is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the rotating lifting cylinder, which is used to measure the moving distance when the rotating lifting cylinder moves upward, so as to cooperate with the tracking and positioning to measure the height difference of adjacent points. The limiting groove is symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the top of the fixing cylinder, and the limiting block is slidably set inside the limiting groove.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary tracking mechanism further includes a second turbine, a second worm, a rotating rod, a transmission gear, a gear ring cylinder, and a rotating ring; The second friction plate is coaxially disposed on one side of the first friction plate of the second linkage component. The second turbine is fixedly connected to one side of the second friction plate, and the bearing of the second friction plate is installed inside the fixed plate. The second turbine is meshed on one side of the second worm gear. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the center of the second turbine, and the bearing of the rotating rod is installed inside the fixed plate. The transmission gear is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod, and the transmission gear is meshed with the gear ring cylinder. The toothed ring cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating lifting cylinder, the rotating ring is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating lifting cylinder through a bearing, and the limiting block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring.

[0011] Preferably, the calibration mechanism includes a frame, a laser pointer, a limit sensor, and indicator lights; The frame plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and the laser pointer is fixedly installed on the top of the frame plate. The limit sensors are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame plate to limit the rotation angle of the measuring mechanism. The indicator light is fixedly installed on one side of the frame plate.

[0012] Preferably, the measuring mechanism includes a mounting frame, a camera, a laser rangefinder, and a corner cube prism; The mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating lifting cylinder. The mounting bracket has an inverted L-shaped structure. The camera is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the mounting bracket, and the laser range sensor is fixedly installed inside the mounting bracket and set perpendicular to the camera. The corner cube prism is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the fixed cylinder has a light inlet hole corresponding to the position of the corner cube prism. The indicator light is vertically installed on the top of the light inlet hole. The camera uses the red light of the indicator light to position the measuring beam of the laser rangefinder sensor on one side of the corner cube prism.

[0013] Preferably, ear plates are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base box, and fixing screws are installed on the internal threads of the ear plates. The bottom end of the fixing screws is a conical structure, which is used to spiral into the soil to fix the whole device.

[0014] Preferably, the base box is equipped with a battery, which is connected to a motor driver and a DC-DC module via terminals. The main control box is equipped with a motherboard, which integrates a microcontroller, a Raspberry Pi, and an LDO linear regulator. The DC-DC module outputs a stable low-voltage current through the LDO linear regulator. The dual-axis tilt sensor, pull-wire sensor, limit sensor, indicator light, and laser rangefinder form a sensing and indicating module, which is connected to the output of the LDO linear regulator. The electric push rod, positioning push rod, and camera are connected to the battery via wiring terminals, and a fuse is installed at the positive terminal of the battery. The motor is connected to the motor driver, and the motor, electric push rod, positioning push rod and camera constitute the execution module. The sensing and indicating module and the execution module are both connected to the motherboard through signal lines for signal transmission.

[0015] Working principle: First, the adjacent devices are coarsely aligned and installed through the calibration mechanism. Then, the device quickly levels itself through the automatic leveling mechanism. Subsequently, the power distribution mechanism operates under the command of the main control box, selectively transmitting motor power to the rotation tracking mechanism or the lifting difference measurement mechanism by switching the friction contact surface. Then, the rotation tracking mechanism and the lifting difference measurement mechanism drive the measuring mechanism to perform rotation and vertical lifting fine adjustment to achieve precise positioning of the target point. The measuring mechanism measures the horizontal distance between adjacent points, and the internal pull wire sensor measures the lifting height to calculate the vertical height difference between adjacent points. After completing a single measurement, the device can perform long-term continuous monitoring or timed and fixed-point re-measurement according to the preset program, thereby realizing automated measurement of the foundation pit.

[0016] This invention provides an automated measuring device for the foundation pit of a hydraulic dam. It has the following advantages: 1. This invention achieves full automation of the measurement process through the combined use of the main control box and the power diversion mechanism. The power diversion mechanism can selectively drive the lifting and differential measurement mechanism and the rotation tracking mechanism, enabling the measurement mechanism to simultaneously acquire the horizontal distance and vertical height difference between adjacent points, and then automatically perform fixed-point measurement mode. This avoids the cumbersome operation process of traditional measurement devices, shortens the time of single-point measurement, improves the fixed-point measurement efficiency of water conservancy dam foundation pits, and can meet the high-frequency measurement needs in the foundation pit excavation process.

[0017] 2. The present invention, through its automatic leveling mechanism, can sense the tilt state of the device in real time and automatically drive the actuator to correct its posture, ensuring that the fixed cylinder and the upper rotating and lifting structure are always in an absolutely horizontal state. This eliminates the instrument tilt error caused by insufficient operator experience or uneven ground, providing a precise horizontal reference plane for subsequent measurement work. At the same time, the automatic leveling process is faster than manual leveling and has extremely high accuracy and consistency, effectively ensuring the reliability of multi-point measurement data.

[0018] 3. This invention utilizes a combination of a calibration mechanism, a rotation tracking mechanism, and a lifting and measuring mechanism. During installation, the calibration mechanism performs coarse aiming to lock the measurement positions of adjacent devices. Subsequently, the lifting and measuring mechanism and the rotation tracking mechanism drive the measuring mechanism for fine-tuning, achieving precise positioning of the target point. This improves positioning efficiency, ensures positioning accuracy, and guarantees the precision of subsequent measurements.

[0019] 4. Unlike traditional measuring devices that require multiple measurements at multiple points, this invention can be permanently installed at multiple points in the foundation pit. Multiple devices track each other through rotation and lifting, forming an automated monitoring network. This network can automatically perform fixed-point measurement tasks at preset time intervals, allowing construction personnel to monitor the dynamic changes of the foundation pit in real time during excavation. This eliminates the need for large-scale manual re-measurement after each excavation, reducing the workload of construction personnel and increasing the value of the automated measuring device. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base box of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic leveling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the power diversion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power diversion mechanism and the lifting differential measurement mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power diversion mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the linkage component one of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and differential measuring mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating tracking mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point B in the diagram; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram.

[0021] The components include: 1. Base box; 2. Automatic leveling mechanism; 20. Dual-axis tilt sensor; 21. Electric push rod; 22. Slider; 23. Inclined block; 24. Inclined column; 25. Ball head; 26. Ball shell; 27. Connecting block; 28. Limiting plate; 29. ​​Slide groove; 3. Fixed cylinder; 4. Rotary lifting cylinder; 5. Power splitting mechanism; 51. Motor; 52. Main gear; 53. Moving gear; 54. Transmission shaft; 55. Positioning push rod; 56. Linkage component one; 561. Moving friction plate; 562. Connecting shaft; 563. Helical gear one; 564. Helical gear two; 57. Linkage component two; 58. Moving block; 6. Lifting and differential measuring mechanism; 60. Limiting groove; 61. Friction... 62. Plate 1; 63. Worm Gear 1; 64. Turbine Gear 1; 65. Rotating Lead Screw; 66. Lead Screw Sleeve; 67. Limit Sleeve; 68. Fixing Frame; 69. Pull Wire Sensor; 70. Limit Block; 71. Rotation Tracking Mechanism; 72. Friction Plate 2; 73. Turbine Gear 2; 74. Rotating Rod; 75. Transmission Gear; 76. Gear Ring Cylinder; 77. Rotary Ring; 8. Main Control Box; 9. Calibration Mechanism; 91. Frame Plate; 92. Laser Pointer; 93. Limit Sensor; 94. Indicator Light; 10. Measuring Mechanism; 101. Mounting Frame; 102. Camera; 103. Laser Rangefinder Sensor; 104. Corner Pyramid Prism; 11. Battery; 12. Ear Plate; 13. Fixing Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 14 This invention provides an automated measurement device for hydraulic dam foundation pits, including a base box 1. An automatic leveling mechanism 2 for leveling is installed on the top of the base box 1, and a fixed cylinder 3 is supported by the automatic leveling mechanism 2. A rotating lifting cylinder 4 is movably arranged on the top of the fixed cylinder 3. The fixed cylinder 3 integrates a power diversion mechanism 5, a lifting difference measurement mechanism 6, a rotation tracking mechanism 7, and a main control box 8. A calibration mechanism 9 is installed on its outer wall, and a measuring mechanism 10 is assembled on the top of the rotating lifting cylinder 4. The power splitting mechanism 5 includes a linkage component, which is configured to selectively switch power transmission between the lifting and measuring mechanism 6 and the rotation tracking mechanism 7 through the axial displacement of the linkage component. The linkage component includes a movable friction plate 561. The lifting and measuring mechanism 6 and the rotation tracking mechanism 7 are respectively provided with a first friction plate 61 and a second friction plate 71. When the linkage component moves, the movable friction plate 561 disengages from the first friction plate 61 and attaches to the second friction plate 71, which is used to drive the measuring mechanism 10 to switch between lifting and measuring and rotation tracking actions. First, place the device at different measurement points. When fixing the device, first adjust the two adjacent devices together. After turning on the laser pointer 92 of device one, turn it to the position of the fixing cylinder 3 of device two. Then adjust the placement angle of device one so that the laser beam of device one's laser pointer 92 hits the vertical center line of the fixing cylinder 3. This will make it easier for device two to shoot the laser beam of the laser range sensor 103 into the corner prism 104 when it rotates. After roughly adjusting the position of the device, rotate the fixing screw 13 to move it down and insert it into the soil, thereby fixing the device.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3 The dual-axis tilt sensor 20 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the fixed cylinder 3. Three slide grooves 29 are opened at equal angles on the top of the base box 1. Three electric push rods 21 are fixedly installed at equal angles on the inner top wall of the base box 1. The slider 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 21. The inclined block 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 22, and the slider 22 is slidably set inside the slide groove 29. The limiting plate 28 is fixedly connected to the top of the base box 1, and the inclined column 24 is movably set inside the limiting plate 28. The limiting plate 28 has a semi-circular structure. The inclined block 23 is set at the opening of the limiting plate 28. The top of the inclined block 23 abuts against the bottom of the inclined column 24. The ball head 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the inclined column 24. The ball shell 26 is movably wrapped around the outer wall of the ball head 25. The connecting block 27 is fixedly installed between the ball shell 26 and the fixed cylinder 3. The dual-axis tilt sensor 20 is connected to the main control box 8 through the power line and signal line. The dual-axis tilt sensor 20 detects the tilt and transmits a signal to control the electric push rod 21 at the corresponding position, so that the inclined block 23 moves to squeeze the inclined column 24 to raise or lower the corresponding position, so as to level the top structure of the device. Before measurement, the device will automatically level itself using the automatic leveling mechanism 2 to ensure the accuracy of subsequent data measurements. The dual-axis tilt sensor 20 detects the tilt of the fixed cylinder 3 and the top structure, uploads data based on the tilt angle, calculates the height that the three feet should be adjusted, and then controls the corresponding electric push rod 21 to perform a push-pull operation. The electric push rod 21 pulls the slider 22 to slide inside the slide groove 29, thereby moving the inclined block 23 into the bottom of the inclined column 24, so that the inclined column 24 moves vertically upward under the limit of the limiting plate 28. As the ball head 25 rises, if the position of the other two feet is low, the ball shell 26 will rotate a certain angle outside the ball head 25. Thus, when one side of the fixed cylinder 3 is raised, the fixed cylinder 3 and the top structure are adjusted at a certain angle. When the electric push rod 21 pushes forward, it pushes the inclined block 23 out of the inner side of the limiting plate 28, and the inclined column 24 descends under the action of gravity, thus facilitating the automatic leveling operation of the device.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 4-10 and attached Figure 13 The motor 51 is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder 3, and multiple fixed plates are installed inside the fixed cylinder 3. The output shaft of the motor 51 is connected to the main gear 52 through a coupling, and the main gear 52 and the moving gear 53 are meshed with each other. The thickness of the moving gear 53 is greater than the thickness of the main gear 52, and the transmission shaft rod 54 is fixedly connected to the center inner wall of the moving gear 53. The positioning push rod 55 is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder 3 through a fixed plate, and one end of the telescopic rod of the positioning push rod 55 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the linkage component 2 57. The linkage consists of linkage 1 56 and linkage 2 57, and the internal structures of linkage 1 56 and linkage 2 57 are identical. Moving blocks 58 are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the linkage and are slidably disposed inside the fixed plate to restrict the horizontal movement of the linkage. Linkage 1 56 includes a moving friction plate 561, a connecting shaft 562, a helical gear 1 563 and a helical gear 2 564. The moving friction plate 561 is coaxially fixedly connected to the helical gear 1 563 through the connecting shaft 562, and the helical gear 1 563 and the helical gear 2 564 are meshed with each other. The helical gear 2 564 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 54, and both one end of the transmission shaft 54 ​​and the connecting shaft 562 are bearing mounted inside the housing of linkage 1 56. Friction plate 61 is coaxially disposed on one side of movable friction plate 561, and the separation distance between friction plate 61 and movable friction plate 561 is less than the thickness of movable gear 53. Worm gear 62 is fixedly connected to one side of friction plate 61, and the bearing of worm gear 62 is installed inside the fixed plate. Turbine gear 63 is meshed on one side of worm gear 62. Rotary lead screw 64 is fixedly connected inside turbine gear 63, and the bearing of rotary lead screw 64 is installed inside the fixed plate. Lead screw sleeve 65 is threaded onto the outside of rotary lead screw 64, and limiting sleeve 66 is sleeved on the outside of lead screw sleeve 65. The top end of the rod sleeve 65 is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the rotary lifting cylinder 4, the fixing frame 67 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the fixing cylinder 3, the limiting sleeve 66 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing frame 67, the pull wire sensor 68 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing frame 67, and the top end of the pull wire of the pull wire sensor 68 is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the rotary lifting cylinder 4, which is used to measure the moving distance when the rotary lifting cylinder 4 moves upward, so as to cooperate with the tracking and positioning to measure the height difference of adjacent points. The limiting groove 60 is symmetrically opened on the inner top wall of the fixing cylinder 3, and the limiting block 69 is slidably set inside the limiting groove 60. When the lifting and measuring mechanism 6 of device one drives the camera 102 to track the indicator light 94 of device two, the positioning push rod 55 first pushes the linkage 2 57 forward, thereby causing the moving friction plate 561 of linkage 1 56 to be in contact with friction plate 1 61 for transmission. At the same time, linkage 2 57 is pushed to separate the moving friction plate 561 inside it from friction plate 2 71. Then, the moving friction plate 561 of linkage 1 56 drives friction plate 1 61 to rotate. At the same time, the moving friction plate 561 inside linkage 2 57 will spin freely. The motor 51 drives the transmission shaft 54 ​​to rotate through the main gear 52 and the moving gear 53, and then drives the moving friction plate 561 to rotate through the connecting shaft 562 and the helical gear 2 564. This causes friction plate 1 61 to drive the worm gear 1 62 to rotate, and through the worm gear 1 63, it drives the rotating screw 64 inside to rotate inside the fixed plate. Since the lead screw sleeve 65 is threaded onto the outside of the rotating lead screw 64, and the limiting sleeve 66 limits the lead screw sleeve 65, thus restricting the vertical movement of the lead screw sleeve 65, the movement of the lead screw sleeve 65 causes the limiting block 69 on the outside of the rotating lifting cylinder 4 to slide inside the limiting groove 60, thereby causing the rotating lifting cylinder 4 to drive the mounting frame 101 to move up and down. When the mounting frame 101 moves up and down, it is convenient for the camera 102 to track the red light spot of the adjacent device indicator light 94, thereby determining the vertical position of the laser rangefinder sensor 103. When the rotating lifting cylinder 4 is driven to move up and down, the moving distance can be detected by the pull wire sensor 68, thereby facilitating the calculation of the height difference between adjacent points.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 1 , 2 and attached Figure 4-14 Friction plate 2 71 is coaxially arranged on one side of friction plate 1 61 of linkage component 2 57. Turbine 2 72 is fixedly connected to one side of friction plate 2 71, and the bearing of friction plate 2 71 is installed inside the fixed plate. Turbine 2 72 is meshed on one side of worm gear 2 73. Rotating rod 74 is fixedly connected to the center of turbine 2 72, and the bearing of rotating rod 74 is installed inside the fixed plate. Transmission gear 75 is fixedly connected to the top of rotating rod 74, and transmission gear 75 is meshed with gear ring cylinder 76. Gear ring cylinder 76 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of rotating lifting cylinder 4. Rotating ring 77 is installed on the outer wall of rotating lifting cylinder 4 through bearing. Limiting block 69 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of rotating ring 77. The frame plate 91 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 3, and the laser pointer 92 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame plate 91. The limit sensor 93 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame plate 91 to limit the rotation angle of the measuring mechanism 10. The indicator light 94 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame plate 91. The mounting frame 101 is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating lifting cylinder 4. The mounting frame 101 has an inverted L-shaped structure. The camera 102 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the mounting frame 101, and the laser range sensor 103 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 101 and is set perpendicular to the camera 102. The corner cube prism 104 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 3, and the fixing cylinder 3 has a light inlet hole corresponding to the position of the corner cube prism 104. The indicator light 94 is vertically installed on the top of the light inlet hole. The camera 102 uses the red light of the indicator light 94 to position the measuring beam of the laser range sensor 103 on one side of the corner cube prism 104. The base box 1 has ear plates 12 symmetrically installed on both sides, and the ear plates 12 have internal threads for fixing screws 13. The bottom end of the fixing screws 13 has a conical structure for spiraling into the soil to fix the whole device. The battery 11 is connected to a motor driver and a DC-DC module via terminal blocks. The main control box 8 houses a motherboard integrating a microcontroller, a Raspberry Pi, and an LDO linear regulator. The DC-DC module outputs a stable low-voltage current through the LDO linear regulator. A dual-axis tilt sensor 20, a pull-wire sensor 68, a limit sensor 93, an indicator light 94, and a laser rangefinder 103 form a sensing and indicating module, connected to the output of the LDO linear regulator. An electric push rod 21, a positioning push rod 55, and a camera 102 are connected to the battery 11 via terminal blocks, and a fuse is installed at the positive terminal of the battery 11. The motor 51 is connected to the motor driver, and the motor 51, electric push rod 21, positioning push rod 55, and camera 102 form an execution module. Both the sensing and indicating module and the execution module are connected to the motherboard via signal lines for signal transmission. After determining the vertical position of the laser rangefinder 103, the rotation tracking mechanism 7 is used to rotate the laser rangefinder 103 for fine-tuning, so that the ranging beam of the laser rangefinder 103 can enter the interior of the corner prism 104 through the light inlet and be reflected back to calculate the distance. Then, the positioning push rod 55 pulls the linkage 2 57 to move the moving block 58 inside the fixed plate. Then, the moving friction plate 561 of the linkage 2 57 is put into contact with the friction plate 2 71. At this time, the friction plate 61 is separated from the moving friction plate 561 of the linkage 1 56 and rotates idling. Since the thickness of the moving gear 53 is greater than that of the main gear 52, and the separation distance between the moving friction plate 561 and the friction plate 61 is less than the thickness of the moving gear 53, when the linkage 1 56 and the linkage 2 57 drive the transmission shaft 54 ​​and the moving gear 53 to move, the main gear 52 can always mesh with the moving gear 53, which makes it convenient for the motor 51 to drive the lifting and measuring mechanism 6 and the rotation tracking mechanism 7. When friction plate 71 drives worm gear 73 to rotate, worm gear 72 drives rotating rod 74 to rotate, thereby causing transmission gear 75 to drive gear ring cylinder 76 to rotate rotating lifting cylinder 4 inside rotating ring 77 via bearing. The rotation of rotating lifting cylinder 4 causes the top mounting bracket 101 to rotate and fine-tune camera 102 and laser rangefinder 103. When camera 102 captures the indicator light 94 of the adjacent device in the center, motor 51 stops working, thus determining the position of laser rangefinder 103. The camera 102 and laser rangefinder 103... The vertical distance between the center of 3 and the center of the indicator light 94 and the light inlet is the same, which makes it convenient to use the camera 102 to fine-tune the laser rangefinder 103. When rotating, if the laser rangefinder 103 moves into the detection range of the limit sensor 93, the motor 51 will be controlled to reverse, driving the laser rangefinder 103 to rotate and move in the opposite direction, thereby preventing the laser rangefinder 103 from entering the reflection range of the corner cube prism 104. Under normal use, the angle between adjacent measurement points will not be so small that the laser rangefinder 103 enters the detection range of the limit sensor 93.

[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automated measuring device for the foundation pit of a hydraulic dam, comprising a base box (1), characterized in that, The base box (1) is equipped with an automatic leveling mechanism (2) for leveling, and the base box (1) is supported by a fixed cylinder (3) through the automatic leveling mechanism (2). A rotating lifting cylinder (4) is movably provided on the top of the fixed cylinder (3). The fixed cylinder (3) integrates a power diversion mechanism (5), a lifting and measuring mechanism (6), a rotation tracking mechanism (7) and a main control box (8). A calibration mechanism (9) is installed on its outer wall. A measuring mechanism (10) is installed on the top of the rotating lifting cylinder (4). The power splitting mechanism (5) includes a linkage that is configured to selectively switch power transmission between the lifting differential mechanism (6) and the rotation tracking mechanism (7) by means of axial displacement of the linkage. The linkage component includes a movable friction plate (561), and the lifting and measuring mechanism (6) and the rotating tracking mechanism (7) are respectively provided with friction plate one (61) and friction plate two (71). When the linkage moves, the moving friction plate (561) disengages from the first friction plate (61) and attaches to the second friction plate (71), which is used to drive the measuring mechanism (10) to switch between lifting and lowering difference measurement and rotation tracking actions.

2. The automated measuring device for the foundation pit of a hydraulic dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic leveling mechanism (2) includes a dual-axis tilt sensor (20), an electric push rod (21), a slider (22), an inclined block (23), an inclined column (24), a ball head (25), a ball shell (26), a connecting block (27), a limiting plate (28), and a slide groove (29). The dual-axis tilt sensor (20) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the fixed cylinder (3), the three slide grooves (29) are opened at equal angles on the top of the base box (1), the three electric push rods (21) are fixedly installed at equal angles on the inner top wall of the base box (1), the slider (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic rod of the electric push rod (21), the inclined block (23) is fixedly connected to the top of the slider (22), and the slider (22) is slidably arranged inside the slide groove (29); The limiting plate (28) is fixedly connected to the top of the base box (1), and the inclined column (24) is movably arranged inside the limiting plate (28). The limiting plate (28) is a semi-circular structure. The inclined block (23) is arranged at the opening of the limiting plate (28). The top of the inclined block (23) abuts against the bottom of the inclined column (24). The ball head (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the inclined column (24). The spherical shell (26) is movably wrapped around the outer wall of the ball head (25). The connecting block (27) is fixedly installed between the spherical shell (26) and the fixed cylinder (3). The dual-axis tilt sensor (20) is connected to the main control box (8) via a power line and a signal line. The dual-axis tilt sensor (20) detects tilt and transmits a signal to control the electric push rod (21) at the corresponding position, so that the inclined block (23) moves to squeeze the inclined column (24) to raise or lower the corresponding position, so as to level the top structure of the device.

3. The automated measuring device for the foundation pit of a hydraulic dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power diversion mechanism (5) includes a motor (51), a main gear (52), a moving gear (53), a transmission shaft (54), a positioning push rod (55), a first linkage component (56), a second linkage component (57), and a moving block (58). The motor (51) is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder (3), and multiple fixed plates are installed inside the fixed cylinder (3). The output shaft of the motor (51) is connected to the main gear (52) through a coupling, and the main gear (52) and the moving gear (53) are meshed with each other. The thickness of the moving gear (53) is greater than the thickness of the main gear (52), and the transmission shaft rod (54) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the center of the moving gear (53). The positioning push rod (55) is fixedly installed inside the fixed cylinder (3) through a fixed plate, and one end of the telescopic rod of the positioning push rod (55) is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the linkage component two (57). The linkage components are linkage component one (56) and linkage component two (57), and the internal structures of linkage component one (56) and linkage component two (57) are the same. A moving block (58) is symmetrically installed on the outside of the linkage component, and the moving block (58) is slidably disposed inside the fixed plate to restrict the horizontal movement of the linkage component.

4. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The linkage component one (56) includes a movable friction plate (561), a connecting shaft (562), a helical gear one (563), and a helical gear two (564). The movable friction plate (561) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the first helical gear (563) via the connecting shaft (562), and the first helical gear (563) and the second helical gear (564) are meshed with each other. The second helical gear (564) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft (54), and one end of the transmission shaft (54) and the connecting shaft (562) are both bearing installed inside the housing of the first linkage component (56).

5. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting and measuring mechanism (6) also includes a limiting groove (60), a worm gear (62), a turbine gear (63), a rotating lead screw (64), a lead screw sleeve (65), a limiting sleeve (66), a fixing frame (67), a pull wire sensor (68), and a limiting block (69). The friction plate (61) is coaxially arranged on one side of the moving friction plate (561), and the separation distance between the friction plate (61) and the moving friction plate (561) is less than the thickness of the moving gear (53). The worm gear (62) is fixedly connected to one side of the friction plate (61). The bearing of the worm gear (62) is installed inside the fixed plate. The turbine gear (63) is meshed on one side of the worm gear (62). The rotating screw (64) is fixedly connected inside the turbine gear (63), and the bearing of the rotating screw (64) is installed inside the fixed plate. The screw sleeve (65) is threaded on the outside of the rotating screw (64), and the limiting sleeve (66) is sleeved on the outside of the screw sleeve (65). The top end of the screw sleeve (65) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the rotating lifting cylinder (4). The fixing frame (67) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder (3), the limiting sleeve (66) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing frame (67), the pull wire sensor (68) is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing frame (67), and the top end of the pull wire of the pull wire sensor (68) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the rotating lifting cylinder (4) for measuring the moving distance when the rotating lifting cylinder (4) moves upward, so as to cooperate with the tracking and positioning to measure the height difference of adjacent points. The limiting groove (60) is symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the top of the fixing cylinder (3), and the limiting block (69) is slidably set inside the limiting groove (60).

6. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotary tracking mechanism (7) also includes a second turbine (72), a second worm (73), a rotating rod (74), a transmission gear (75), a gear ring cylinder (76), and a rotating ring (77). The second friction plate (71) is coaxially disposed on one side of the first friction plate (61) of the second linkage component (57). The second turbine (72) is fixedly connected to one side of the second friction plate (71), and the bearing of the second friction plate (71) is installed inside the fixed plate. The second turbine (72) is meshed on one side of the second worm (73). The rotating rod (74) is fixedly connected to the center of the second turbine (72), and the bearing of the rotating rod (74) is installed inside the fixed plate. The transmission gear (75) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating rod (74), and the transmission gear (75) is meshed with the gear ring cylinder (76). The toothed ring cylinder (76) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotary lifting cylinder (4), the rotating ring (77) is installed on the outer wall of the rotary lifting cylinder (4) through a bearing, and the limiting block (69) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating ring (77).

7. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration mechanism (9) includes a frame (91), a laser pointer (92), a limit sensor (93), and an indicator light (94). The frame plate (91) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (3), and the laser pointer (92) is fixedly installed on the top of the frame plate (91). The limit sensor (93) is symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame plate (91) to limit the rotation angle of the measuring mechanism (10). The indicator light (94) is fixedly installed on one side of the frame plate (91).

8. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measuring mechanism (10) includes a mounting bracket (101), a camera (102), a laser rangefinder (103), and a corner prism (104). The mounting bracket (101) is fixedly installed on the top of the rotating lifting cylinder (4). The mounting bracket (101) has an inverted L-shaped structure. The camera (102) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the mounting bracket (101). The laser range sensor (103) is fixedly installed inside the mounting bracket (101) and is set perpendicular to the camera (102). The corner prism (104) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder (3), and the fixing cylinder (3) has a light inlet hole at the position corresponding to the corner prism (104). The indicator light (94) is vertically installed on the top of the light inlet hole. The camera (102) uses the red light of the indicator light (94) to position the measuring beam of the laser range sensor (103) on one side of the corner prism (104).

9. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base box (1) is symmetrically equipped with ear plates (12) on both sides, and the ear plates (12) are threaded with fixing screws (13). The bottom end of the fixing screws (13) is a conical structure, which is used to spiral into the soil to fix the whole device.

10. An automated measuring device for a hydraulic dam foundation pit according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The base box (1) is equipped with a battery (11). The battery (11) is connected to a motor driver and a DC-DC module through a terminal block. The main control box (8) is equipped with a motherboard. The motherboard integrates a microcontroller, a Raspberry Pi and an LDO linear regulator. The DC-DC module outputs a stable low-voltage current through the LDO linear regulator. The dual-axis tilt sensor (20), pull-wire sensor (68), limit sensor (93), indicator light (94) and laser rangefinder (103) form a sensing and indication module and are connected to the output of the LDO linear regulator. The electric push rod (21), the positioning push rod (55) and the camera (102) are connected to the storage battery (11) through wiring terminals, and a fuse is provided at the positive terminal wire of the storage battery (11); The motor (51) is connected to the motor driver, and the motor (51), electric push rod (21), positioning push rod (55) and camera (102) form an execution module. The sensing indication module and the execution module are both connected to the motherboard through signal lines for signal transmission.

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