A wind tunnel-wind wall-environment combined test equipment system for low-altitude aircraft

Abstract

The application discloses a wind tunnel-wind wall-environment combined test equipment system for low-altitude aircrafts, and relates to the technical field of aerodynamic and environmental test systems.The system comprises a direct-current wind tunnel, an environmental test cabin, an array fan wall and an air path switching assembly.An air inlet space is formed between the air outlet end of the direct-current wind tunnel and the air inlet side of the array fan wall.A first air inlet path is connected between the air outlet end of the direct-current wind tunnel and the air inlet space, and a second air inlet path bypasses the direct-current wind tunnel and is connected between the outside and the air inlet space.Through air path switching, the same array fan wall is used as the power section of the direct-current wind tunnel in the first air path configuration and as the wind field generating device for the wind wall test in the second air path configuration.The downstream area of the test space along the air supply direction is connected to the air inlet space through a backflow path.When the first air inlet path, the second air inlet path and the air exhaust path are all blocked, the array fan wall drives the air circulation in the cabin, and cooperates with the environmental regulation system to form the wind field and environmental coupling test conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerodynamic and environmental testing systems, specifically to a wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] Low-altitude aircraft may be affected by different incoming flow conditions and climatic conditions during takeoff, hovering, transitional flight, low-altitude cruise, and landing. To evaluate the aerodynamic characteristics, complex wind field response, and environmental adaptability of low-altitude aircraft, aerodynamic tests, complex wind field tests, and environmental adaptability tests are required.

[0003] Aerodynamic tests are typically conducted in wind tunnels. Wind tunnels transport and process airflow through flow channels and airflow handling structures, creating test airflow within the test section that meets the requirements for aerodynamic measurements. Complex wind field tests usually utilize wind field simulation devices to create gusts, wind shear, non-uniform wind fields, or other test wind fields with specified spatial distribution or temporal variation characteristics within the test area. Environmental adaptability tests typically utilize environmental test chambers to create specified environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, snowfall, or icing.

[0004] Among the existing related test facilities, wind tunnels, wind field simulation devices and environmental test chambers are usually equipped with corresponding airflow generation equipment, flow channels and supporting facilities according to their respective test purposes. Some test facilities also combine wind field conditions with climate environmental conditions, or set up environmental simulation functions in wind tunnels.

[0005] When aerodynamic tests, complex wind field tests, and environmental adaptability tests need to be conducted on the same test platform, configuring separate wind tunnel power equipment, complex wind field generating equipment, and corresponding flow channels can easily increase the number of devices, space occupation, and construction costs. Switching between different test functions also requires coordination of the corresponding equipment and airflow paths. Therefore, how to accommodate the above-mentioned different types of tests in the same test equipment and reduce the duplication of airflow generating equipment is a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a wind tunnel-wind wall-environment combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft, which can simultaneously carry out DC wind tunnel testing, complex wind field testing and environmental adaptability testing in the same testing equipment, and reduce the redundant configuration of airflow generation equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental joint test equipment system for low-altitude aircraft, hereinafter referred to as the joint test system, which includes a DC wind tunnel, an environmental test chamber, an array wind turbine wall, and an air path switching component.

[0008] The environmental test chamber forms a test space to accommodate the test subjects. The environmental test chamber is equipped with an exhaust ventilation path leading from the test space to the outside. The exhaust ventilation path may include exhaust vents installed on the walls of the environmental test chamber, or it may include exhaust ducts connected to the exhaust vents.

[0009] The array fan wall comprises multiple fan units arranged in an array. The array fan wall has an inlet side and an outlet side, and the outlet side of the array fan wall is connected to the test space.

[0010] A first air intake path is formed between the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel and the air intake side of the array fan wall. The combined test system also forms a second air intake path that bypasses the DC wind tunnel, which is used to connect the outside world with the air intake side of the array fan wall.

[0011] The air path switching component is used to switch the combined test system between a first air path configuration and a second air path configuration. In the first air path configuration, the first air inlet path is open and the second air inlet path is closed; in the second air path configuration, the first air inlet path is closed and the second air inlet path is open.

[0012] In the first air path configuration, the array of fan walls creates a suction effect downstream of the DC wind tunnel, driving airflow through the DC wind tunnel and forming the power section of the DC wind tunnel. In the second air path configuration, the array of fan walls draws in external airflow through the second air inlet passage and supplies air to the test space, forming the wind field generating device for the wind wall test.

[0013] The environmental test chamber is also equipped with an environmental control system, which is used to create the specified environmental conditions within the test space.

[0014] With the above structural arrangement, the second air intake passage bypasses the DC wind tunnel, allowing external airflow to reach the air intake side of the array fan wall without having to be transported along the complete flow path of the DC wind tunnel. This shortens the air intake path, reduces pressure loss along the path caused by friction with the tunnel wall, and thus reduces airflow resistance when air is intaked through the second air intake passage.

[0015] Therefore, with the installation position unchanged, the same array of wind turbine walls can serve as the power section of a DC wind tunnel in the first air path configuration and as the wind field generating device for wind wall testing in the second air path configuration. In both the first and second air path configurations, the exhaust passage can be in a conductive state, allowing the airflow passing through the test space to be discharged to the outside.

[0016] In one embodiment, the DC wind tunnel sequentially includes an inlet, a stabilization section, a contraction section, a closed-loop test section, and a diffusion section along the airflow direction, with the outlet of the DC wind tunnel located downstream of the diffusion section. At least one of a honeycomb structure and a damping mesh can be installed within the stabilization section to reduce airflow swirl and large-scale disturbances entering the contraction section.

[0017] In one embodiment, the air path switching assembly includes a first opening / closing member disposed in a first air inlet passage and a second opening / closing member disposed in a second air inlet passage. In the first air path configuration, the first opening / closing member is open and the second opening / closing member is closed; in the second air path configuration, the first opening / closing member is closed and the second opening / closing member is open. The first and second opening / closing members can respectively be a door, damper, baffle, air valve, or a combination structure composed of multiple movable parts.

[0018] In one embodiment, the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel and the inlet side of the array fan wall are spaced apart, forming an inlet space that communicates with the inlet side of the array fan wall. A first inlet passage and a second inlet passage are respectively connected to the inlet space, so that the inlet space receives the outlet air from the DC wind tunnel in the first air passage configuration and receives external air intake bypassing the DC wind tunnel in the second air passage configuration. The first opening / closing member can be disposed at the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel, or it can be disposed between the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel and the inlet space.

[0019] In one embodiment, the second air intake passage includes at least one wall opening disposed on the wall of the environmental test chamber and communicating with the outside world and the air intake space. The second air intake passage may also include an air intake duct connected to the wall opening and leading to the air intake space. The second opening and closing member may be disposed at the wall opening or in the air intake duct to open or close the second air intake passage.

[0020] In one embodiment, the environmental test chamber has multiple openings communicating with the air intake space on the periphery of the DC wind tunnel outlet. Each opening is equipped with an air intake door, and the second opening and closing component includes multiple air intake doors. Each air intake door can be opened, closed, or its opening degree can be adjusted. Depending on the air intake requirements of the array wind turbine wall under different operating conditions, all air intake doors can be opened, only some air intake doors can be opened, or the opening degree of each air intake door can be adjusted individually.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the air inlet duct is disposed on the periphery of the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel and extends at least partly circumferentially along the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel. The outlet side of the air inlet duct is connected to the air inlet space through multiple guide ports spaced apart along its extension direction, allowing external airflow to enter the air inlet space from multiple positions on the periphery of the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel via the air inlet duct. By transporting external airflow along the air inlet duct and dispersing it into the air inlet space through multiple guide ports, it is beneficial to reduce the impact of locally concentrated air intake on the inlet conditions of different areas of the array fan wall.

[0022] In one embodiment, the combined testing system further includes a control system connected to multiple wind turbine units. At least some of the multiple wind turbine units can be adjusted independently or can be zoned and adjusted according to predetermined areas. In a first air path configuration, the control system coordinates the multiple wind turbine units to adjust the test wind speed within the DC wind tunnel; in a second air path configuration, the control system adjusts at least some of the wind turbine units individually or zonedly to adjust at least one of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the wind field within the test space.

[0023] In one embodiment, the joint testing system further includes a first wind field detection component disposed within a DC wind tunnel and a second wind field detection component disposed within a test space. Under a first air path configuration, the control system adjusts multiple fan units based on the detection results of the first wind field detection component; under a second air path configuration, the control system adjusts at least some fan units individually or in zones based on the detection results of the second wind field detection component.

[0024] In one embodiment, the environmental test chamber is equipped with an environmental control system. The environmental control system includes at least one of a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a rain shower device, a snowfall device, and an icing simulation device, used to regulate the environmental conditions within the test space. The environmental control system can operate synchronously with the array of wind turbine walls according to the test configuration, allowing the test object to simultaneously withstand the target wind field and corresponding environmental conditions.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the exhaust passage is equipped with an exhaust opening and closing component. The downstream area of ​​the test space along the air supply direction of the array fan wall is connected to the air intake space. The airflow path from the downstream area to the air intake space forms a return flow path, and the air intake space also serves as the return flow space on the air intake side of the array fan wall. Thus, in addition to receiving the direct current wind tunnel exhaust and external bypass intake in the first and second air path configurations respectively, the air intake space can also receive the cabin airflow returning via the return flow path.

[0026] When the first opening and closing component, the second opening and closing component, and the exhaust opening and closing component are all closed, and the return flow path remains open, the array fan wall draws in the cabin airflow from the air inlet side and sends the airflow into the test space from the air outlet side; the airflow returns to the air inlet space through the return flow path and is drawn in again by the array fan wall, thereby forming a cabin circulating air field.

[0027] The environmental control system can operate synchronously with the array fan wall, allowing the test object to simultaneously withstand the circulating wind field and the specified environmental conditions.

[0028] The environmental test chamber can also be equipped with an auxiliary circulation system. When the environmental test chamber is closed, the auxiliary circulation system can operate independently or in conjunction with the array fan wall. When only climate environment simulation is required and it is not necessary to form a test wind field, the array fan wall can be stopped, and the auxiliary circulation system can independently drive the gas circulation within the chamber.

[0029] In one embodiment, a model support and attitude adjustment device are provided within the closed test section, and a turntable is provided within the test space. The model support and attitude adjustment device can adjust the angle of attack, sideslip angle, or roll angle of the test object, and the turntable can change the orientation of the test object relative to the incoming flow direction formed by the array fan wall.

[0030] When conducting tests using the aforementioned combined test system, at least one of the following can be performed, depending on the test item: DC wind tunnel test, wind wall test, and wind field and environment coupling test in the closed state of the environmental test chamber.

[0031] During DC wind tunnel testing, the first intake and exhaust passages are connected, while the second intake passage is blocked, and the array fan wall is activated. The array fan wall creates a suction effect downstream of the DC wind tunnel, driving the external airflow sequentially through the intake, stabilization section, contraction section, closed test section, and diffusion section, reaching the intake side of the array fan wall via the first intake passage. After being transported by the array fan wall, the airflow enters the test space and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage.

[0032] During wind wall testing, the first air intake path is blocked, while the second air intake path and exhaust path are connected, and the array fan wall is activated. External airflow bypasses the direct-flow wind tunnel and reaches the intake side of the array fan wall via the second air intake path. The array fan wall then supplies air to the test space and exhausts it to the outside through the exhaust path. When additional environmental conditions are required, the environmental control system can be activated simultaneously to subject the test object to the test wind field and specified environmental conditions.

[0033] When conducting wind field and environmental coupling tests in the closed state of the environmental test chamber, the first air inlet passage, the second air inlet passage, and the exhaust passage are all isolated, and the array fan wall and environmental control system are activated. The array fan wall drives the airflow from its exhaust side into the test space, returns to the air inlet space via the return passage, and then re-enters its air inlet side, thereby forming an internal circulating wind field; the environmental control system creates the specified environmental conditions within the test space.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting up a first air intake passage and a second air intake passage that can selectively open and close, the same array of wind turbine walls, with the installation position unchanged, forms a suction effect downstream of the DC wind tunnel under the first air path configuration to drive airflow through the DC wind tunnel, serving as the power section of the DC wind tunnel; under the second air path configuration, external airflow is drawn in through the second air intake passage that bypasses the DC wind tunnel, serving as the wind field generating device for the wind wall test to supply air to the test space, thereby reducing the redundant configuration of independent airflow driving equipment for the two types of tests.

[0035] The first and second air inlet passages are connected to the air inlet space on the air inlet side of the array fan wall, respectively, allowing the air inlet space to receive both direct-flow wind tunnel exhaust and external bypass air intake under different air path configurations. The second air inlet passage bypasses the direct-flow wind tunnel, eliminating the need for external airflow to be transported along the complete wind tunnel flow channel formed by the stable section, contraction section, closed test section, and diffusion section. This shortens the air intake path, reduces pressure loss along the tunnel wall caused by friction, and lowers airflow resistance when air is intaked through the second air inlet passage.

[0036] The downstream area of ​​the test space along the air supply direction of the array fan wall is connected to the air intake space via a return flow path. The air intake space can also receive the return airflow from inside the chamber. When the first air intake path, the second air intake path, and the exhaust path are all isolated, the same array fan wall can continuously drive the airflow circulation inside the chamber and cooperate with the environmental control system to form a wind field and environmental coupled test condition. Thus, the same array fan wall undertakes the functions of DC wind tunnel power, wind wall test air supply, and chamber circulation drive, while the same air intake space receives the DC wind tunnel exhaust, external bypass air intake, and chamber return airflow. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments are briefly described below. The drawings are only used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the shape, proportion, or arrangement of the components.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a joint testing system according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow path under the first air path configuration of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow path under the second air path configuration of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal circulating airflow path driven by the array fan wall in the closed state of the environmental test chamber of the present invention; Reference numerals: 100-DC wind tunnel, 110-air inlet, 120-stabilization section, 130-contraction section, 140-closed test section, 150-diffusion section, 200-environmental test chamber, 210-test space, 220-air inlet space, 230-exhaust opening and closing component, 300-array fan wall, 310-air inlet side, 320-air outlet side, 400-first opening and closing component, 410-second opening and closing component. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed during use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0041] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, "connection" means the ability to form an airflow path through which gas can pass, which can be a direct connection or a connection through a transitional air duct, an air inlet space, or other intermediate flow channels; "isolation" means that the corresponding airflow path is closed, or its effective flow area is reduced to an insufficient level to form the airflow required for the corresponding test.

[0044] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental joint test equipment system for low-altitude aircraft, including a DC wind tunnel 100, an environmental test chamber 200, an array wind turbine wall 300, an air path switching component, an environmental conditioning system, and a control system.

[0045] The environmental test chamber 200 contains a test space 210 for accommodating the test subject. In this application, the test subject can be a complete low-altitude aircraft, a scaled-down model, an aircraft component, or other objects that require aerodynamic testing, complex wind field testing, or environmental adaptability testing.

[0046] The array fan wall 300 includes multiple fan units arranged in an array and has an inlet side 310 and an outlet side 320. The outlet side 320 of the array fan wall 300 is connected to the test space 210. When multiple fan units are operating, airflow enters the array fan wall 300 from the inlet side 310, is conveyed by the multiple fan units, and is then sent into the test space 210 from the outlet side 320.

[0047] Multiple fan units can be arranged in a row and column array, or other array arrangements can be adopted according to the outline of the array fan wall 300 and the cross-sectional shape of the test space 210. At least some of the multiple fan units can be independently adjusted; the multiple fan units can also be divided into multiple fan zones according to rows, columns, or predetermined areas, and the control system can adjust the zones accordingly. The control system can adjust at least one of the following: the rotational speed, drive frequency, and start-stop sequence of the corresponding fan unit or fan zone.

[0048] The environmental test chamber 200 has an exhaust vent on its wall that connects to the outside. The exhaust vent is located downstream of the test space 210 along the air supply direction of the array fan wall 300. The exhaust vent can form an exhaust passage from the test space 210 to the outside on its own; or it can be connected to an exhaust duct and together with the exhaust duct form the exhaust passage, allowing the airflow that has passed through the area where the test object is located to be discharged to the outside.

[0049] In this embodiment, the exhaust opening and closing component 230 is disposed at the exhaust port; when the exhaust port is connected to an exhaust duct, the exhaust opening and closing component 230 can also be disposed within the exhaust duct. The exhaust opening and closing component 230 can be an integral door, multiple segmented door bodies, a baffle, a damper, or a valve, used to open or close the exhaust passage.

[0050] The DC wind tunnel 100, along the airflow direction, includes, in sequence, an inlet 110, a stabilization section 120, a contraction section 130, a closed test section 140, and a diffuser section 150. The downstream end of the diffuser section 150 constitutes the outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100. The stabilization section 120 is equipped with at least one of a honeycomb structure and a damping mesh to reduce airflow swirl and large-scale disturbances entering the contraction section 130. The closed test section 140 is used to arrange the test object and corresponding measuring devices. The diffuser section 150 is used to decelerate and diffuse the airflow after it passes through the closed test section 140.

[0051] In this embodiment, the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100 is spaced apart from the inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300, forming an inlet space 220 between them. The inlet space 220 is connected to the inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300, so that the gas entering the inlet space 220 can be drawn in by the array fan wall 300.

[0052] The airflow path from the outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100 through the inlet space 220 to the inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300 constitutes the first air inlet passage. A transition connection may also be provided between the outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100 and the inlet space 220, and the transition connection constitutes part of the first air inlet passage.

[0053] The environmental test chamber 200 has at least one opening in its walls for connecting the outside environment with the air intake space 220. Outside airflow enters the air intake space 220 through this opening and then reaches the air intake side 310 of the array fan wall 300, thus forming a second air intake passage. The opening can connect directly to the air intake space 220 or via an air intake duct.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100 corresponds to the central area on one side of the environmental test chamber 200. The walls of the environmental test chamber 200 have multiple openings around the outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100 that communicate with the air inlet space 220, and each opening has an air inlet door. The number, flow area, and arrangement of the multiple wall openings and corresponding air inlets can be determined based on the air intake requirements of the array fan wall 300, the wall structure of the environmental test chamber 200, and the external space conditions.

[0055] The second air intake passage bypasses the DC wind tunnel 100, allowing external airflow to reach the air intake side 310 of the array fan wall 300 without having to pass through the stabilization section 120, contraction section 130, closed test section 140, and diffuser section 150 of the DC wind tunnel 100. Since the external airflow does not need to be transported along the complete DC wind tunnel channel, its air intake path to the array fan wall 300 is shortened, and the pressure loss along the way caused by friction of the tunnel wall is reduced, thereby reducing the airflow resistance when air is intake through the second air intake passage.

[0056] In another structural configuration, the bulkhead opening connects to the air intake space 220 via an air intake duct. The air intake side of the air intake duct connects to the outside via the bulkhead opening, while the air outlet side connects to the air intake space 220. This air intake duct forms part of a second air intake passage. The air intake duct can be configured as a straight duct, a curved duct, or a combined duct formed by connecting multiple duct segments, depending on the positional relationship between the environmental test chamber 200 and the external space.

[0057] Furthermore, the air inlet duct can be located around the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100 and extends at least part of the circumferential direction along the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100. The air inlet side of the air inlet duct is connected to the outside through at least one wall opening on the wall of the environmental test chamber 200, and the outlet side is provided with multiple guide ports that communicate with the air inlet space 220.

[0058] Multiple air guides are spaced apart along the extension direction of the air inlet duct, allowing external airflow entering the air inlet duct to enter the air inlet space 220 from multiple positions around the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100. The number, flow area, and spacing of the air guides can be determined based on the air volume of the array fan wall 300, the extension length of the air inlet duct, and the area of ​​the air inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300.

[0059] Multiple guide ports can have the same flow area, or they can be set to different flow areas according to the pressure distribution or flow field adjustment results at different locations in the air inlet duct. At least some of the guide ports can also be equipped with guide vanes, grilles, or resistance adjustment components to adjust the airflow direction or flow rate entering the air inlet space 220 through the corresponding guide ports.

[0060] Compared to a structure where the bulkhead opening directly connects to the air intake space 220, the air intake duct and multiple guide ports allow external airflow to be distributed through the air intake duct before entering the air intake space 220, and then enter the air intake space 220 from different positions through the multiple guide ports. This reduces the impact of localized concentrated air intake on the inlet conditions of different areas of the array fan wall 300. When multiple fan units operate separately or in zones, this structure can also reduce the interference of localized air intake differences on the inlet conditions of each fan unit and the wind field regulation.

[0061] Within the environmental test chamber 200, the test space 210, downstream of the air supply direction of the array fan wall 300, connects to the inlet space 220, allowing the air flowing through the test object area to return to the inlet space 220. The airflow path from the downstream area to the inlet space 220 constitutes a return flow path. In this embodiment, the inlet space 220 also serves as the return flow space for the inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300. The specific airflow process in the return flow path will be discussed below. Figure 4 Please provide an explanation.

[0062] The air path switching assembly includes a first opening and closing member 400 disposed in the first air inlet passage and a second opening and closing member 410 disposed in the second air inlet passage. The first opening and closing member 400 may be disposed at the air outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100 or at the transition connection between the air outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100 and the air inlet space 220.

[0063] When the first opening and closing component 400 is opened, the air outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100 is connected to the air inlet space 220, and the first air inlet passage is open; when the first opening and closing component 400 is closed, the airflow path between the air outlet of the DC wind tunnel 100 and the air inlet space 220 is blocked, and the first air inlet passage is blocked.

[0064] The second opening and closing component 410 can be installed at the opening of the bulkhead or in the air intake duct. When the second opening and closing component 410 is opened, the second air intake passage is opened, and the outside airflow can enter the air intake space 220 through the second air intake passage; when the second opening and closing component 410 is closed, the second air intake passage is blocked.

[0065] The first opening and closing component 400 and the second opening and closing component 410 can respectively adopt a door, damper, baffle, air valve, or other opening and closing structure that can change the effective flow area of ​​the corresponding air intake passage. The first opening and closing component 400 and the second opening and closing component 410 can be driven by an electric drive mechanism, a hydraulic drive mechanism, a pneumatic drive mechanism, or a manual operation mechanism, or they can be driven by a combination of the above drive methods.

[0066] In the aforementioned embodiment where multiple bulkhead openings are respectively equipped with air inlets, the second opening / closing component 410 includes multiple air inlets, each of which can be opened, closed, or have its opening degree adjusted. Depending on the airflow requirements of the array fan wall 300, all air inlets can be opened, or only some air inlets can be opened. When each air inlet is connected to a drive mechanism, the control system can control the opening / closing state or opening degree of the corresponding air inlet according to the target airflow of the array fan wall 300.

[0067] The aforementioned exhaust opening and closing component 230 is used to control the opening or closing of the exhaust passage. The opening and closing states of the first opening and closing component 400, the second opening and closing component 410, and the exhaust opening and closing component 230 in different test processes will be described below in conjunction with the corresponding air path configuration.

[0068] In some implementations, the joint testing system also includes a first wind field detection component and a second wind field detection component.

[0069] The first wind field detection component is installed inside the DC wind tunnel 100 and includes at least one of a wind speed sensor, a pressure sensor, and a wind direction detection device. Its detection position can be located inside the closed test section 140, or upstream or downstream of the closed test section 140, and is used to obtain at least one of the following information: wind speed, dynamic pressure, airflow deflection angle, and flow field uniformity.

[0070] The second wind field detection component is set in the test space 210 and includes at least one of wind speed sensor, pressure sensor and wind direction detection device arranged at one or more detection positions. It is used to obtain at least one of wind speed, wind direction and pressure information at different positions in the test space 210, as well as the change information of the corresponding wind field parameters over time.

[0071] The environmental test chamber 200 is also equipped with an environmental control system. This system includes at least one of a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a rain shower device, a snowfall device, and an icing simulation device, used to create specified temperature, humidity, rainfall, snowfall, or icing conditions within the test space 210. Different environmental control devices can operate independently or in combination according to the test requirements. The environmental control system can also operate synchronously with the array fan wall 300 to ensure that the test object simultaneously withstands the specified test wind field and environmental conditions.

[0072] By changing the opening and closing states of the first opening and closing component 400, the second opening and closing component 410, and the exhaust opening and closing component 230, the corresponding passages can be selectively opened or closed to adapt to different test processes.

[0073] When the first opening / closing component 400 is open and the second opening / closing component 410 is closed, the combined test system is in the first air path configuration. At this time, the first air inlet passage is open and the second air inlet passage is closed, which is used for DC wind tunnel testing.

[0074] When the first opening / closing component 400 is closed and the second opening / closing component 410 is open, the combined test system is in the second air path configuration. At this time, the first air inlet passage is blocked, and the second air inlet passage is open, which is used for wind wall testing.

[0075] When the first opening and closing component 400, the second opening and closing component 410 and the exhaust opening and closing component 230 are all closed, and the return flow path remains open, the first air inlet path, the second air inlet path and the exhaust path are all in an isolated state, and a relatively closed circulating air path is formed in the environmental test chamber 200.

[0076] like Figure 2As shown, during the DC wind tunnel test, the first opening / closing component 400 is opened, the second opening / closing component 410 is closed, and the exhaust opening / closing component 230 is opened, so that the combined test system is in the first air path configuration. After the array fan wall 300 is started, the array fan wall 300 forms a suction effect downstream of the DC wind tunnel 100, driving the airflow through the DC wind tunnel 100. The external airflow enters the DC wind tunnel 100 through the inlet 110, flows sequentially through the stabilization section 120, the contraction section 130, the closed test section 140, and the diffusion section 150, and then enters the first air intake passage from the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel 100, and reaches the air intake side 310 of the array fan wall 300 through the air intake space 220. After being transported by the array fan wall 300, the airflow is sent into the test space 210 from the outlet side 320, and then discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage.

[0077] In the first air path configuration, the array fan wall 300 serves as the power section of the DC wind tunnel 100. The airflow entering the closed test section 140 is processed through the stabilization section 120 and the contraction section 130, forming a test airflow within the closed test section 140 for measuring the aerodynamic characteristics of the test object.

[0078] In an embodiment equipped with a first wind field detection component, the control system coordinates and adjusts multiple fan units according to the detection results of the first wind field detection component, so that the test wind speed, dynamic pressure or flow field quality in the closed test section 140 meets the corresponding test requirements.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, during the wind wall test, the first opening / closing component 400 is closed, the second opening / closing component 410 is opened, and the exhaust opening / closing component 230 is opened, so that the combined test system is in the second air path configuration. After the array fan wall 300 is started, the outside airflow enters the air inlet space 220 through the second air inlet passage, and reaches the air inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300 through the air inlet space 220. After being transported by the array fan wall 300, the airflow is sent into the test space 210 from the air outlet side 320, flows through the area where the test object is located, and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage.

[0080] In the second air path configuration, the first air intake path is isolated, and the DC wind tunnel 100 does not constitute the air intake path under this air path configuration. The array fan wall 300 serves as the wind field generating device for the wind wall test. By adjusting multiple fan units individually or in zones, a test wind field with specified spatial distribution or temporal variation characteristics is formed within the test space 210.

[0081] In an embodiment equipped with a second wind field detection component, the control system adjusts or partitions at least some of the wind turbine units according to the detection results of the second wind field detection component, so that at least one of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the wind field in the test space 210 meets the corresponding test requirements.

[0082] When it is necessary to superimpose environmental conditions, the environmental control system can operate synchronously with the array fan wall 300 to form the specified environmental conditions in the test space 210, so that the test object can simultaneously withstand the test wind field and the specified environmental conditions.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, during the wind field and environment coupling test in the closed state of the environmental test chamber, the first opening and closing component 400, the second opening and closing component 410, and the exhaust opening and closing component 230 are closed, so that the first air inlet passage, the second air inlet passage, and the exhaust passage are all in an isolated state, while the return passage remains open. At this time, the environmental test chamber 200 forms a relatively closed internal space, and the air inlet space 220 also serves as the return space of the air inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300.

[0084] After the array fan wall 300 is activated, it draws in the airflow from the intake space 220 through the intake side 310 and sends the airflow into the test space 210 through the outlet side 320. After the airflow passes through the area where the test object is located, it returns to the intake space 220 through the return path and is then drawn back in through the intake side 310 of the array fan wall 300, thus forming a circulating airflow field within the chamber.

[0085] In an embodiment equipped with a second wind field detection component, the control system can also adjust at least some of the fan units individually or in predetermined zones according to the detection results of the second wind field detection component, so as to adjust at least one of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the circulating wind field in the cabin.

[0086] The environmental control system operates synchronously with the array fan wall 300, creating specified temperature, humidity, rainfall, snowfall, or icing conditions within the test space 210, allowing the test object to simultaneously withstand the circulating airflow and the specified environmental conditions. Because the first air intake passage, the second air intake passage, and the exhaust passage are all isolated, the exchange of air between the chamber and the outside environment is reduced.

[0087] Thus, the same array of wind turbine walls 300 can serve as the power section of the DC wind tunnel 100 in the first air path configuration, as the wind field generating device for wind wall tests in the second air path configuration, and as the driving device for the internal circulating wind field when the environmental test chamber 200 is closed and the return flow path is open, without changing the installation position.

[0088] The same air intake space 220 can receive the direct current air from the wind tunnel through the first air intake passage, the external airflow introduced through the second air intake passage, and the cabin airflow returning through the return passage under different operating conditions.

[0089] The environmental test chamber 200 may also be equipped with an auxiliary circulation system, which may be located at least at one point on the top and side walls of the environmental test chamber 200, for driving gas circulation within the environmental test chamber 200. When the environmental test chamber 200 is closed, the auxiliary circulation system may operate independently or in conjunction with the array fan wall 300. When only climate environment simulation is required and it is not necessary to form a test wind field, the array fan wall 300 can be stopped, and the auxiliary circulation system can independently drive gas circulation within the environmental test chamber 200.

[0090] As an optional embodiment, a model support and attitude adjustment device can be installed within the closed test section 140. The model support and attitude adjustment device is used to support the test object and adjust at least one of the test object's angle of attack, sideslip angle, and roll angle.

[0091] As an optional embodiment, a turntable can be installed in the test space 210. The turntable is used to support the test object and to change the orientation of the test object relative to the incoming flow direction formed by the array fan wall 300 by rotating it, so as to simulate the test conditions of different incoming flow directions acting on the test object.

[0092] As an optional embodiment, at least one of the closed test section 140 and the test space 210 may be equipped with one or more of the following: a force balance, a surface pressure measuring device, an acceleration measuring device, a vibration measuring device, and an image monitoring device, to obtain at least one of the following: aerodynamic force, torque, surface pressure, acceleration, vibration, and image data of the test object during the corresponding test process. The corresponding detection data can be received and recorded by the control system.

[0093] In one engineering configuration, the wind speed range of the DC wind tunnel test under the first air path configuration is 8 m / s to 90 m / s. The turbulence intensity at the center of the 140 model area in the closed test section is no higher than 0.2%. The area within the model area that simultaneously satisfies the absolute value of the longitudinal airflow deflection angle no greater than 0.5° and the absolute value of the transverse airflow deflection angle no greater than 0.5° accounts for no less than 75% of the model area.

[0094] In one engineering configuration, the test wind speed range within the test space 210 under the second air path configuration is 5 m / s to 45 m / s. Under gust simulation, the peak gust speed is no less than 25 m / s, and the gust duration is no less than 10 s. Under wind shear simulation, a vertical wind shear gradient of no less than 0.5 m / s / m or a horizontal wind shear gradient of no less than 0.3 m / s / m can be formed. Under uniform wind field simulation, the spatial non-uniformity of wind speed within the test space 210 is no greater than 2%, the background turbulence intensity is no greater than 2%, and the dynamic pressure stability coefficient is no greater than 2%.

[0095] Test method: When conducting tests using the aforementioned combined test system, at least one of the following can be selected for execution: DC wind tunnel test, wind wall test, and wind field and environment coupling test in the closed state of the environmental test chamber. The corresponding opening and closing components, array wind turbine wall 300, environmental conditioning system, and control system can be controlled according to the selected test process.

[0096] In the DC wind tunnel test procedure, the first opening and closing component 400 is opened, the second opening and closing component 410 is closed, and the exhaust opening and closing component 230 is opened, so that the first air inlet passage and the exhaust passage are connected, and the second air inlet passage is blocked. The array fan wall 300 is started, so that the array fan wall 300 forms a suction effect downstream of the DC wind tunnel 100, driving the external airflow to flow sequentially through the air inlet 110, the stabilizing section 120, the contraction section 130, the closed test section 140, and the diffusion section 150, and then through the first air inlet passage and the air inlet space 220 to reach the air inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300. After being transported by the array fan wall 300, the airflow enters the test space 210 and is discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage. In the embodiment with a first wind field detection component, the control system can coordinately adjust multiple fan units according to the detection results of the first wind field detection component, so that the target test airflow is formed in the closed test section 140.

[0097] In the wind wall test procedure, the first opening and closing component 400 is closed, the second opening and closing component 410 is opened, and the exhaust opening and closing component 230 is opened, thus blocking the first air intake passage and connecting the second air intake passage and the exhaust passage. The array fan wall 300 is started, allowing the outside airflow to bypass the DC wind tunnel 100, pass through the second air intake passage and the air intake space 220 to reach the air intake side 310 of the array fan wall 300, and after being transported by the array fan wall 300, enter the test space 210 from the air outlet side 320, flow through the area where the test object is located, and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust passage. In an embodiment with a second wind field detection component, the control system can adjust or zone-adjust at least some of the fan units according to the detection results of the second wind field detection component to form the target wind field in the test space 210. The environmental control system can operate synchronously with the array fan wall 300, so that the test object can simultaneously withstand the target wind field and the specified environmental conditions.

[0098] In the process of conducting the wind field and environmental coupling test in the closed state of the environmental test chamber 200, the first opening and closing component 400, the second opening and closing component 410, and the exhaust opening and closing component 230 are closed, so that the first air inlet passage, the second air inlet passage, and the exhaust passage are all in an isolated state, and the array fan wall 300 and the environmental control system are started. The array fan wall 300 draws in the airflow from the air inlet space 220 from the air inlet side 310, and sends the airflow into the test space 210 from the air outlet side 320; after the airflow flows through the area where the test object is located, it returns to the air inlet space 220 through the return passage, and is then drawn back in by the air inlet side 310 of the array fan wall 300, thereby forming a circulating wind field in the chamber. The environmental control system creates the specified environmental conditions in the test space 210, so that the test object is simultaneously subjected to the circulating wind field and the specified environmental conditions. In an embodiment equipped with a second wind field detection component, the control system can also adjust or zone-adjust at least some of the wind turbine units according to the detection results of the second wind field detection component, so as to adjust at least one of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the circulating wind field.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft, characterized in that, The system includes a DC wind tunnel, an environmental test chamber, an array of fan walls, and an air path switching assembly. The environmental test chamber contains a test space and has an exhaust passage leading to the outside. The array of fan walls comprises multiple fan units arranged in an array, with its outlet side connected to the test space. The outlet of the DC wind tunnel is connected to the inlet side of the array of fan walls via a first inlet passage. The combined testing equipment system also includes a second inlet passage that bypasses the DC wind tunnel and connects the outside to the inlet side of the array of fan walls. The air path switching component is used to switch the joint test equipment system between a first air path configuration and a second air path configuration. In the first air path configuration, the first air intake passage is open, the second air intake passage is closed, and the array fan wall drives the airflow through the DC wind tunnel, serving as the power section of the DC wind tunnel. In the second air path configuration, the first air intake passage is closed, the second air intake passage is open, and the array fan wall draws in external airflow through the second air intake passage, serving as a wind field generating device for the wind wall test and supplying air to the test space. The environmental test chamber is also equipped with an environmental control system, which is used to create specified environmental conditions within the test space.

2. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC wind tunnel includes, in sequence along the airflow direction, an air inlet, a stabilizing section, a contraction section, a closed test section, and a diffusion section. The air outlet of the DC wind tunnel is formed at the downstream end of the diffusion section. The stabilizing section is equipped with at least one of a honeycomb device and a damping mesh.

3. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air path switching component includes a first opening and closing component disposed in the first air inlet passage and a second opening and closing component disposed in the second air inlet passage; In the first air passage configuration, the first opening and closing component is open, and the second opening and closing component is closed; In the second air passage configuration, the first opening and closing component is closed, and the second opening and closing component is open.

4. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outlet end of the DC wind tunnel is spaced apart from the inlet side of the array fan wall, forming an inlet space between them. The inlet space is connected to the inlet side of the array fan wall. Both the first inlet passage and the second inlet passage are connected to the inlet side of the array fan wall through the inlet space. The first opening and closing component is disposed at the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel, or between the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel and the inlet space.

5. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second air intake passage includes multiple wall openings disposed on the wall of the environmental test chamber. The multiple wall openings are located on the periphery of the air outlet of the DC wind tunnel and are respectively connected to the air intake space. The second opening and closing component includes multiple air intake doors disposed at the multiple wall openings. Each air intake door can be opened, closed or adjusted in degree.

6. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second air intake passage includes at least one wall opening disposed on the wall of the environmental test chamber and an air intake duct connected to the wall opening; the air intake duct is disposed on the periphery of the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel and extends circumferentially along at least a portion of the outlet end of the DC wind tunnel; the outlet side of the air intake duct is provided with a plurality of guide ports spaced apart along its extension direction, and the plurality of guide ports are respectively connected to the air intake space.

7. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 4, characterized in that, The exhaust passage is equipped with an exhaust opening and closing component; The environmental test chamber has a return flow path, one end of which is connected to the downstream area of ​​the test space along the air supply direction of the array fan wall, and the other end is connected to the air inlet space. The air outlet side of the array fan wall, the test space, the return flow path, the air inlet space, and the air inlet side of the array fan wall are connected in sequence to form an internal circulating air path; When the first opening and closing component, the second opening and closing component, and the exhaust opening and closing component are all in the closed state, the array fan wall drives the airflow to circulate along the internal circulating air path, and the environmental control system forms the specified environmental conditions in the test space.

8. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental control system includes at least one of a temperature control device, a humidity control device, a rain shower device, a snowfall device, and an ice accumulation simulation device; The environmental control system is used to operate synchronously with the array of wind turbine walls so that the test objects located in the test space can simultaneously withstand the test wind field and the specified environmental conditions.

9. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control system connected to multiple of the aforementioned wind turbine units; The control system is used to coordinately adjust multiple fan units under the first air path configuration to adjust the test wind speed in the DC wind tunnel, and to adjust at least some of the fan units individually or in predetermined areas under the second air path configuration to adjust at least one of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of the wind field in the test space.

10. The wind tunnel-wind wall-environmental combined testing equipment system for low-altitude aircraft according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a first wind field detection component installed in the DC wind tunnel and a second wind field detection component installed in the test space; The control system, under the first air path configuration, coordinates and adjusts multiple fan units according to the detection results of the first wind field detection component, and under the second air path configuration, adjusts or adjusts at least some of the fan units according to the detection results of the second wind field detection component, or adjusts them in predetermined areas.

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